ÎCî¦ô¢
ÎCî¦ô¢Ù ÙÎÞœ6úáì÷J 2019-  email:
VOCABULARY
1. Haste = Hurry sê•Ùë]ô¢í£è[åÙz. eg: As soon
as he knew that the actor was in town he
ran in a haste to see him.
Antonym: Slowness sÎõú£uÙz. eg: He was
quite slow in answering the question.
2. Esteem = Respect. eg: Gandhiji had the
esteem of the whole nation.
Antonym: Contempt sÍú£ï£°uÙz. eg: He had
the contempt of all his friends for the mean
sFàŸîμªiìz thing he did.
3. Diminish = Reduce sêŸT_ÙàŸªz. eg: The
teacher diminished the size of the lesson so
that it can be easily read by the elementary
class students
Antonym: Enlarge sÓÚÛª\÷ à¶óŸªè[Ùz. eg: He
enlarged the photograph so that everybody
can see it.
4. Flattery = Praise (Usually for selfish pur-
poses – ÷³ÜuÙÞ¥ þ§yô¢– ví£óμ«áû¦õÚÛªz.
eg: He flattered the leader as a great man, but
the leader was not very pleased
Antonym: Blame sEÙCÙàŸè[Ùz. eg: He blamed
his friend for his faults.
5. Prevail = Succeed sáóŸªÙ ð»Ùë]ªz. eg: Our
school team prevailed over the other
school team in the game.
Antonym: Yield sö˹ÙTð¼÷±z. eg: The team
yielded to our school team without any
resistance.
6. Sleek = Smooth/ polished sìªìoÞ¥ ð§LùÃ
à¶ú‡ìz. eg: He has bought a car and that is
very sleek.
ú£Ùë¶ï£„õª n ú£÷«ëůû¦õª
H Sir, I would like to know the equivalent
words in English for these Telugu words.
Vijayalakshmi
1) í‡õÚÛ
A: Tuft
2) áÙëÅ]uÙ
A: Sacred thread
3) NóŸªuÙÚÛªè[ª, NóŸªuí£±ô¦õª
A: The in-laws.
H Sir, 1) as and where, 2) as and when 3) as
and then - How are these words used?
soyamseshu00@gmail.com
1) As and where
A: There is no such phrase ‘As and where’.
2) As and when
A: ‘As and when’ means, at the time of
something happening.
3) As and then
A: ‘As and then’ means at the time of, but
this phrase is rarely used.
H Sir, 1) ÷ÙøŒð§ô¢Ùí£ô¢uÙÞ¥, 2) êŸô¢êŸô¦õ ìªÙ<
÷ú£ªhìo Îà¦ô¢Ù - please say in English.
Salma Azizi, Hyderabad
1) ÷ÙøŒð§ô¢Ùí£ô¢uÙÞ¥
A: A tradition from generations
2) êŸô¢êŸô¦õ ìªÙ< ÷ú£ªhìo Îà¦ô¢Ù
A: A custom handed down from generation
to generation
£ªd 12, 2018
He ran in a haste to see..
1025
Antonym: Rough. sîμ«åªÞ¥ Ñìoz. eg: He is
very rough and lacks courtesy.
7. Scared = Afraid sòÅ¡óŸªí£è[ªz. eg: He is very
scared of his enemy and has run away.
Antonym: Bold sëÅμjô¢uÙÞ¥ ÑÙè[ªz. eg: He faced
his enemy boldly and defeated him.
8. Rebuke = Scold sAådè[Ùz. eg: The father
scolded him for the low marks he got in the
exams.
Antonym: Praise sð»Þœè[åÙz.
eg: The teacher praised him for standing first
in the class.
9. Track = Pursue / follow sîμÙñè…ÙàŸè[Ùz.
eg: He tracked his enemy to his hiding place.
Antonym: Escape sêŸí‡pÙàŸªÚ•ìªz.
eg: His enemy escaped from where he hid
him and ran away.
10. Hardship = Difficulty sÚÛÿ§dõªz.
eg: He faced many hardships in life and
finally succeeded in leading a happy life.
Antonym: Consolation s×ë¯ô¢ªpz.
eg: He had consolation from his sister for the
hardships he suffered.
3) During his tenure once Nehru went to
China – ÏC ÚÛô¢¸Údû¦ ú£ôÂ?
A: This is correct
4) She is to take the test – please say the
question tag.
A: She is to take the test, isn’t she?
5) He has no money/ He hasn't any money/
He doesn't have any money – please say
which is correct?
A: All the sentences are correct
6) She isn't travel alone - please correct this.
A: This sentence is not correct – the correct
sentence is: She hasn’t to travel alone.
7) Holiday is declared on the account / on
account of Diwali – Which one is correct?
A: A holiday is declared on account of
Diwali – correct.
H Sir, please translate the following.
S. Mahesh, Uravakonda
1) I am nothing
A: I am nothing = I am not in any way useful
sû¶ìª ë¶EÚ© í£EÚ¨ô¦E î¦è…Ez
2) No opportunity once missed is a fortune
ever lost.
A: Once an opportunity is missed, it never
comes again sÖÚÛþ§J Í÷Ú¥øŒÙ ð¼ê¶ ÍC ÷ªSx
Óí£pæ¨Ú© ô¦ë]ªz
3) Whether all is said and done success with-
out happiness is the worst kind of failure.
A: Success without happiness is the worst
kind of failure sú£ÙêÁù£Ù ö˶E NáóŸªÙ ÖÚÛ
ô¢ÚÛÙÞ¥ îμjíÆ£õu.z
email:help@eenadupratibha.net
help@eenadupratibha.net
GRAMMAR & USAGE
I n the last lesson we have seen the uses of lit-
tle, a little, very little, the little and few, a few,
very few and the few. Now we are going to
see the comparative and superlative degrees
of these adjectives. sÚ¨Ùë]æ¨ ð§ôÈ¢Ùö˺ ÷ªìÙ little,
a little, very little, Few, a few, Very few, and
the few Ñí£óμ«Þ¥õª àŸ«ø‹Ù.z
For a large quantity of uncountable, the
comparative and the superlative degrees are
more and most sà¦ö° šíë]Ì îμ³êŸhÙö˺ Ñìo
öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶E î¦æ¨Ú¨, comparative, superlative õª
ÑÙC. öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz
Countable:
more and most.z Similarly for a large number
of countable, the comparative and superlative a) This bag has more cabbages than all the
are more and most. söËμÚÛ\šíç˶d î¦æ¨Ú¨ ÚÛ«è¯ other bags. sÐ ñþ§hö˺ ÏêŸô¢ ñþ§hõ ÚÛÙç˶
comparative, superlative õª ÚÛ«è¯ more and ÓÚÛª\÷ Ú¥uò˶@õª Ñû¦oô³.z
most.z b) This bag has the most cabbages of all the
bags. sÐ ñþ§hö˺ ÍEo ñþ§hõ ÚÛÙç˶ ÓÚÛª\÷
Examples: Uncountable:
a) There is more sugar in this bag than in that
Ú¥uò˶@õª Ñû¦oô³.z
bag (Uncountable). sÐ ñþ§hö˺ Î ñþ§h ÚÛÙç˶
Ïí£pæ¨ ÷ô¢ÚÛª ví£àŸªJêŸîμªiì þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùà ð§êŸ
ÓÚÛª\÷ àŸ·Ú\ô¢ ÑÙC n öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz ›í@õ ÚÁú£Ù https://goo.gl/JjLcew LÙÚ ö˶ë¯
b) This bag contains the most sugar of all the www.eenadupratibha.net àŸ«è[÷àŸªa
bags here (Uncountable) sÐ ñþ§hö˺
ÏÚÛ\è[ªìo ÍEo ñþ§hõ ÚÛÙç˶ ÓÚÛª\÷ àŸ·Ú\ô¢ Oª ví£øŒoõª í£Ùð§Lqì #ô¢ªû¦÷«
þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùÃ, ví£AòÅ¡ èËμúÃ\
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M. Suresan
Íû¦âËÀí£²ôÂ, ô¢ÙÞ¥·ôè…“ >ö°x.
email: english@eenadupratibha.net
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þ§÷ªô¦–uõª, ÿ§ôÂduÙè ûμjí£±é°uõª, ÚÛÙí£²uæôÂ
ÑBhô¢gêŸ. EJÌù£d ø‹Kô¢ÚÛ, îËμjë]u ví£÷«é°õª
í£Jâ°‘ìÙ.
êŸí£pEú£J.
H ÷óŸªlí£JNªA: 02.01.1995 ìªÙ# 01.07.2000 H ÷óŸªú£ª: 35 ÔüŒ‰x NªÙàŸÚÛ«è[ë]ª.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ÎòËμbÚ¨dîË çËμúÃd, è…vú‡\í‡dîË çËμúÃd, ú‡\öËÀ çËμúÃd
÷ªëÅ]u áEtÙ# ÑÙè¯L.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ÓúÃÓúÃH ÏÙæô¢«yu, îËμjë]u í£K¤ÛöË ë¯yô¦.
Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥. H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: áì÷J 12 ìªÙ# íƇvñ÷J 1 H #÷J ê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 4
÷ô¢ÚÛª. https://jnu.ac.in/career
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:
www.joinindiannavy.gov.in
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:
CMx èËμ÷öËíÃîμªÙæËÀ ÍëǯJæ© ÎûÂöËμjûÂö˺
H CMx èËμ÷öËíÃîμªÙæËÀ ÍëǯJæ© sè†è†Ôz NNëÅ] H êμõªÞœª, ÏÙTxùà ÷«ëÅ]u÷«ö˺x ÚÛ·ôÙæÀ ÍšíÆjôÂq
NòÅ°Þ¥ö˺x Ú¨ÙC ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª H ê¦â° Në¯u ÑëÁuÞœ ví£ÚÛåìõ ÚÁú£Ù
ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
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H ð¼ú£ªdõª: Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ ÍÚ˽ÙæËÀq Îíƈú£ôÂ, ð§xEÙÞÂ
www.eenadupratibha.net
Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ, ú£¸ôyóŸªôÂ, šúdûËÁvÞ¥íÆ£ô êŸCêŸô¦õª.

VOCABULARY
1. Adroit = Skilful and clever sûμjí£±éuÙ Ñìoz,
especially in dealing with people. eg: He
negotiated adroitly between the two rivals
and settled their quarrel peacefully
Antonym: Stupid s÷´ô¢^êŸyÙêÁ Ñìoz. eg: He
is a stupid and does not know how to han-
dle the situation.
2. Remit = Send money regularly sè[ñª(
ú£vÚÛ÷ªÙÞ¥ í£Ùí£è[Ùz. eg: He works abroad
and remits money to his parents regularly
keeping a little for himself.
Antonym: Retain (Continue to have n
Eõªí£±Ú•ìª/ Ú•ìþ§TÙàŸªz. eg: Virat Kohli
retained his previous rank in batting.
3. Restrict = Control the freedom of a person
(EóŸªÙvAÙàŸè[Ù). eg: Having committed a
crime, he is restricted to the walls of the
prison and is never let out
Antonym: Free (N÷³Ú¨h ð»Ùë]åÙ). eg: He is
ú£Ùë¶ï£„õª n ú£÷«ëůû¦õª
H Sir, please explain the following.
- Israel
1) Islands of prosperity in the sea of poverty.
A: In a large area of poverty, there are a few
places of wealth.
2) Escape in the nick of time.
A: Escape in the last minute.
3) Just a tip of an iceberg.
A: A problem that appears to be small but
under it is a big problem.
4) Testing the waters.
A: Finding out the depth of waters.
5) String of shell companies.
A: A non-trading company used as a way for
financial transactions and not functioning.
6) The cat has been belled.
A: The mice discuss belling the cat, but none
dares to do it. Finally they give up belling
the cat.
7) Seeks silver but bag's gold.
A: People search for silver but fortunately
find gold.
8) Cracked the whip.
A: Use your authority to make someone else
behave better or work harder.
9) Took a dig.
A: Insulting or making someone angry – this
is an American usage.
10) "You pleased my ears and I pleased
your's ".
ÎCî¦ô¢Ù ÙÎÞœ13úáì÷J
ÎCî¦ô¢
Karna was
very Generous
1026
free to move anywhere because he has no
restrictions.
4. Anchor = i) A newscaster on the TV (TV
ö˺ î¦ô¢hõª àŸCî¶î¦ô¢ª/ Ú¥ô¢uvÚÛ÷«õª
Eô¢yÙà¶î¦ô¢ª) eg: We have plenty of
anchors on the Telugu TV, but not all of
them are well trained.
H No Antonym for the first meaning.
ii) A heavy object attached to a cable or chain
to moor a ship to the sea bottom sõÙÞœô¢ªz.
eg: The sailors anchored the ship to the bot-
tom of the sea.
Antonym: Release.
5. Jovial = Good humoured/ jocular sú£ô¢ë¯Þ¥
ì÷±y꟫ ÑÙè˶z. eg: He is very jovial and
entertains the people around him with his
jokes
Antonym: Morose (à¦ö° êŸÚÛª\÷Þ¥ ÷«æ°xè˶z.
A: Make someone happy and feel happy
because of the others.
H Sir, please let me guide to the following.
- Kantipudi Kameswara Rao
1) This is not the correct way to make con-
versation.
Can we write the same as follows.
This is no way to make conversation.
A: Yes, you can.
H Sir, please clarify the following doubts.
- Vijay Sangram Vedanthi
1) All of you are informed that it is due to
Diwali, two days are declared as holidays
– please say if the above is right or not.
A: The sentence is correct.
2) Don't be cruel – please say the question
tag.
A: Don’t you be cruel, do you?
3) Do try these lovely straberries – please say
the question tag.
A: Do try these lovely strawberries, will
you?
4) He was playing chess – can this sentence
be used to indicate past habit – i.e. it was
his habit of playing chess in the past.
A: It is right. He used to play chess – this is
better
5) ÷ÙøŒð§ô¢Ùí£ô¢uÙÞ¥, - please translate into
English.
A: Hereditary
6) Please do it – please say the question tag.
A: Please do it, will you?
£ªd 12, 2018 email:help@eenadupratibha.net
2019-  email: help@eenadupratibha.net
eg: He is always morose and never laughs
even at the best joke.
6. Laud = Praise sø‹xíƇªÙàŸåÙ/ ð»Þœè[åÙz.
eg: They lauded his efforts to save the people
from the fire accident
Antonym: Criticize sN÷ªJ)ÙàŸåÙz eg: They
criticized his efforts at belittling the great
work his friend had done.
7. Greedy = Avaricious së]ªô¦øŒí£ô¢ªöËμjìz.
eg: He was very greedy about money, and he
would not give a pie to others.
Antonym: Generous së¯êŸ”êŸyÙ Þœõz.
eg: Karna was very generous.
Writer
M. Suresan
Oª ví£øŒoõª í£Ùð§Lqì #ô¢ªû¦÷«
þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùÃ, ví£AòÅ¡ èËμúÃ\
Ðû¦è[ª Ú¥ô¦uõóŸªÙ, ô¦îμ«@ íƇöËÀt ú‡æ©,
Íû¦âËÀí£²ôÂ, ô¢ÙÞ¥·ôè…“ >ö°x.
email: english@eenadupratibha.net
H Sir, please let me know the meanings in
Telugu for the following proverbs.
- R. Raju
1) People who live in glass house should not
throw stones.
A: Þ¥V ÏüŒxö˺ E÷ú‡Ùචî¦üŒ‰x ÏêŸô¢ªõ OªCÚ¨ ô¦üŒ‰x
Nú£ô¢ÚÛ«è[ë]ª, n Íö° Nú‡Jê¶ î¦üŒx Þ¥V ÏüŒ‰x
í£TLð¼ê¦ô³. DE Íô¢ÌÄÙ ÷ªìö˺ êŸí£±p šíåªdÚÛªE
ÏêŸô¢ªõ êŸí£±põª ÓAh àŸ«í‡ÙàŸô¦ë]ª ÍE.
2) A picture is worth a thousand words
A: ÖÚÛ ò˹÷ªt î¶ô³ ÷«åõêÁ ú£÷«ìÙ.
3) If you want something done right. You
have to do it yourself
A: Ôëμjû¦ ú£JÞ¥ à¶óŸ«õìªÚÛªìoí£±pè[ª, Î í£E
÷ªì à¶óŸªåÙ ÷ªÙ#C, ÓÙë]ªÚÛÙç˶ ÏêŸô¢ªõª
êŸí£±põª à¶þ§hô¢ª Ú¥ñæ¨d.
H Respected sir, please translate the follow-
ing sentences into Telugu.
- T. Santhosh
1) Be there with bells on.
A: ÞœÙå îμ«¸ÞÙêŸ÷ô¢ÚÛª ÍÚÛ\è˶ ÑÙè[ª.
2) Ducking and running for cover.
A: ÷ÙT ô¢¤Ûé ÚÁú£Ù í£J·ÞêŸhåÙ.
3) Dying with laughter.
A: àŸEð¼ó¶ªÙêŸÞ¥ í£Þœõñè… ì÷yåÙ.
4) Does what you mean
A: ÏC 'Do what you mean' ÍE ÑÙè¯L.
DE
Íô¢ÌÄÙ ìª÷±y ÔÙ à¶óŸ«õìªÚÛªÙåªû¦oîËÁ ÍC
à¶óŸª÷ªE.
5) Falling off chair laughing.
A: í£Þœõñè… ì÷±y꟫ ÚÛªKa ìªÙ# í£è…ð¼÷åÙ.
ûÁ æ© úà ò˺ ô¢ª“
ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy ÑëÁuÞ¥õª
Õú£ôÂ, ñô¢Ùí£±ô¢Ù
H
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šújûËÂq Óè[ªu¸Úù£ûË ÍÙè JšúôÂa sÕú£ôÂz Ú¨ÙC
û¦ûËÂnæ©#ÙÞ ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª
ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõª:
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Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ, WEóŸªô væ°ûËÂqö˶æô êŸCêŸô¦õª.
H Ý°Sõª: 23 H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdõª/
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ÓÙHHÓúÃ, ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù, ÙD/ ÏÙTxùà ÿ§ôÂd
uÙèÂ, çËμjí‡ÙÞ þ§÷ªô¦–uõª.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ô¦êŸí£K¤Û/ ú‡\öËÀ çËμúÃd/ ÏÙæô¢«yu
Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥. H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ/ ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 9
H ô¢ª“ Ú¥íˆöËìª í£Ùí£è¯EÚ¨ #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J
18
www.iiserbpr.ac.in
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:
ÓûËÂÔÎôÂÓíÆÃHÎôÂ, šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ëÂ
H šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ëÂö˺E ÕúˆÓÙÎô n û¶ù£ìöËÀ
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è…ð»x÷«, HÓúˆq, ÏÙ>FJÙÞ è…ð»x÷«,
ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ô¦êŸí£K¤Û/ ú‡\öËÀ çËμúÃd Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ. H #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 25
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: http://www.narfbr.org
â°BóŸª ÷ªï‡°ü° ÚÛNªù£ûËÂ
H
ì«uCMxö˺E û¶ù£ìöËÀ ÚÛNªù£ûË íÆ£ô NîμªûËÂ...
Ú¨ÙC Ú¥Ùvæ°ÚÛªd ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª
ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC. H ð¼ú£ªd: WEóŸªô çËμÚ¨oÚÛöËÀ
ÓÚÂqí£ôÂd sö°z H Ý°Sõª: 10
H Ú¥Ùvæ°ÚÛªd Ú¥öË ÷u÷CÅ: vð§ëÇ]NªÚÛÙÞ¥ ÖÚÛ Ôè¯C.
H Íô¢|êŸ: ÓöËÀÓöËÀH ÑBhô¢gêŸ.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ÎòËμbÚ¨dîË çËμúÃd, è…vú‡\í‡dîË çËμúÃd, í£ô¢qìöËÀ
ÏÙæô¦¤ÛûË Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎíÆÃöËμjûË H #÷J ê¶C: áì÷J 23
ví£î˶ø‹õª
ÎôÂÕÓÙúˆ, èËμvè[«ûËÂ
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Ú¥ö˶@ sÎôÂÕÓÙúˆz ÓENªëÁ êŸô¢ÞœA ví£î˶øŒ
ví£ÚÛæì Nè[ªë]öËμjÙC. êμõªÞœª ô¦ÿZ§öË ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–õª
ÎóŸ« ›údæËÀ í£GxÚ ú£Kyúà ÚÛNªù£ûËÂöË ë¯yô¦
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh à¶ú£ªÚÁî¦L. ò°õªô¢ª ÷«vêŸî¶ª Oæ¨Ú¨
Íô¢ª|õª. H ví£î˶øŒÙ: 8÷ êŸô¢ÞœA.
H Íô¢|êŸ: ÔèÁ êŸô¢ÞœA ÑBhô¢ªgöËμj ÑÙè¯L.
H ÷óŸªú£ª: 01.01.2020 û¦æ¨Ú¨ 11.5 n 13
ú£Ù÷êŸqô¦öË ÷ªëÅ]u ÑÙè¯L.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ:
ô¦êŸí£K¤Û, îËμjî¦nî¦úÃ, îμªè…ÚÛöËÀ
ÓÞ¥bNªû¶ù£ûË ë¯yô¦. H í£K¤Û ê¶C: WûË 1, 2
H í£K¤Û ¸ÚÙvë¯õª: Ôíˆ ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–öËÚÛª NáóŸªî¦è[,
êμöËÙÞ¥é Në¯uô¢ª–öËÚÛª šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ëÂ.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ. H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh íƈV: ô¢«.600.
Óúˆq, ÓúˆdöËÚÛª ô¢«.555. H #÷Jê¶C: ÷«Ja 31
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.psc.ap.gov.in
https://tspsc.gov.in

ú£Ùë¶ï£„õª n ú£÷«ëůû¦õª
K Sir, nowadays there is more usage of pas-
sive forms of sentence in English gram-
mar/terminology tell me about that usage
and where passive forms can not be
written?
- raqeebart01@gmail.com
A: You are mistaken. The trend now is to use
more active forms than passive forms.
Only when the doer of an action is not
known or when we refer to things in gen-
eral, do we used passive forms.
Otherwise the trend now is to use only
active forms. The usage now is: Please do
not smoke, instead of smoking is strictly
prohibited, Please do not cut across the
lawn, etc.
K Sir, please explain the meanings of the fol-
lowing sentences.
- sreekarem@gmail.com
1) The lands were pooled through dubious
means.
A: The lands were collected through deceit-
ful ways.
2) They have unleashed the campaign
A: They have started working in an orga-
nized way to start a movement/ in an
organized way to move towards a goal.
ûÁ æ© úà ò˺ ô¢ª“
ví£î˶ø‹õª
EîªûËÂq, òËμÙÞœüŒŠô¢ª
H òËμÙÞœüŒŠô¢ªö˺E û¶ù£ìöËÀ ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆÃ
îμªÙæöËÀ šï°öËÀh ÍÙè ì«uôÁ šújûμqúà sEîªûËÂqz
2019n20 Ôè¯CÚ¨Þ¥ì« îμ³ë]æ¨ Nè[êŸ ví£î˶øŒ
ví£ÚÛæì Nè[ªë]öËμjÙC.
H ÚÁô¢ªqõªnúˆæx ú£ÙÜu: 툚ï°àÂè† vð¼vÞ¥÷³õªn18,
ú£«í£ô šúpÿ§Læ©n60, ð¼úÃd è¯Ú•dô¢öËÀ šíÆö˺ù‡íÃn59,
šíÆö˺ù‡íÃn37, ÓÙè†n38, ÷«ú£dôÂqn10, ÓÙíƇöËÀn96,
ÓÙÓúˆqn13, è…ð»x÷«n64, HÓúˆqn107, ú£JdíƇ·ÚæËÀ
ÚÁô¢ªqõªn02 úˆåªx.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ÎûËÂöËμjûË ví£î˶øŒ í£K¤Û, ÏÙæô¢«yu
Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥
H í£K¤Û ê¶C: HÓúˆq ÚÁô¢ªqöËÚÛª Ôví‡öËÀ 21;
NªTLìî¦æ¨Ú¨ ÷«Ja 30, 31
H 툚ï°àÂè† vð¼vÞ¥÷³öË ÏÙæô¢«yu ê¶C:  28
ìªÙ# 30 ÷ô¢ÚÛª.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ
H #÷J ê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 16
http://nimhans.ac.in
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:
ÎCî¦ô¢ÙÙÎÞœ
ÎCî¦ô¢
Girdle.. ÷ªì ÷诓é!
1027
3) Have been spruced up for the purpose
A: Its appearance has been improved to ful-
fill the purpose.
4) Negotiate a precipitous zone
A: Negotiate (start discussion) on a very dan-
gerous situation. Precipitous = very steep
and falling a long way very fast.
Negotiate about a dangerous situation.
K ú£ôÂ,
Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥uõìª ÎÙÞœxÙö˺ Ô÷ªÙæ°ôÁ
êμõªí£Þœõô¢ª.
- T. Rameshudu, Tadipatri
1) î¦ô¢ª í£±ú£hÚ¥õÚÛª Íådõª î¶ú£ªhû¦oô¢ª.
A: They are wrapping up their books.
2) ÍêŸè… Ú¥õªÚ¨ ô¦ô³ êŸTL Þ¥óŸªîμªiÙC.
A: His feet hit a stone, and he is injured.
3) û¶ìª ð»õÙö˺ NêŸhû¦õª àŸõªx꟪û¦oìª.
A: I am sprinkling seeds in my field.
4) Ïë]Ìô¢ª Bv÷ÙÞ¥ Þ¥óŸªí£è¯“ô¢ª.
A: Two people were seriously injured.
5) ÍêŸè… ìè[ª÷³Ú¨ ëμñ(õª êŸTö°ô³.
A: His waist is injured.
6) Îîμª ìè[ª÷³Ú¨ ÷诓éÙ ëÅ]JÙ#ÙC.
A: She wore a girdle around her waist.
Writer
M. Suresan
î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu
ÕÕÎôÂÓúÃ, ë¶vë]«ûËÂ
H ë¶vë]«ûËÂö˺E òÅ°ô¢êŸ ÍÙêŸJ¤Û í£JøËËÁëÅ]ì ú£Ùú£–
sÏvþ¼zÚÛª àμÙCì ÏÙè…óŸªûË ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆÃ
Jîμ«æËÀ šúEqÙÞ sÕÕÎôÂÓúÃz Ú¨ÙC ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu Eô¢yþ¼hÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªd: WEóŸªô JšúôÂa šíÆö˺ sâ˶ÎôÂÓíÆÃz
H Ý°Sõª: 08 H šíÆö˺ù‡íà ڥöË ÷u÷CÅ: vð§ëÇ]NªÚÛÙÞ¥
ÖÚÛ Ôè¯C. H šíÆö˺ù‡íÃ: ûμöËÚÛª ô¢«.25,000.
H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdö˺x ÓÙÓúˆq, HçËμÚÂ, ÓÙçËμÚÂ,
ûμæËÀ ÑBhô¢gêŸ.
H ÷óŸªlí£JNªA: 28 ÔüŒ‰x NªÙàŸÚÛ«è[ë]ª.
H î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu ê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 7, 8.
H î˶CÚÛ: ÕÕÎôÂÓúÃ, Jšúí£{ûËÂ/ úˆÕÓúÃÓíÆà n
šúÚÛ«uJæ© Îíƈú£ª, ÕÕÎôÂÓúà ڥuÙí£úÃ, 4 Ú¥Rë¯úÃ
ôÁèÂ, ë¶vë]«ûËÂ, ÑêŸhô¦ÜÙèÂn248001.
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.iirs.gov.in
úˆÓúÃÕÎôÂ n ÓûËÂúˆÓöËÀ
H í£±éËμö˺E úˆÓúÃÕÎô n û¶ù£ìöËÀ ·ÚNªÚÛöËÀ
ö°uò˹¸ôæK sÓûËÂúˆÓöËÀz ê¦ê¦\LÚÛ vð§Aí£CÚÛì
Ú¨ÙC ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu
Eô¢yþ¼hÙC.
20ú£ªáì÷J 2019-  email:
d 12, 2018 email:help@eenadupratibha.net
help@eenadupratibha.net
7) Ú¥÷³ ô¦Vìª ÞœªCÌ àŸÙ›íø‹è[ª.
A: Kamu fisticuffed Raju and killed him.
8) ÍêŸè[ª ÷³Ý°EÚ¨ å÷öËÀ ÚÛí£±pÚÛªû¦oè[ª.
A: He covered his face with a towel.
9) Eìo û¦ÚÛª Cù‡d êŸTLÙC.
A: An evil spirit hit me yesterday. cCù‡deÚ¨ ú£·ôjì
÷«å ÎÙÞœxÙö˺ ö˶ë]ª.
K ú£ôÂ,
ÎÙÞœx òÅ°ù£ ÓÙë]ªÚÛª ÚÛù£dÙÞ¥ ÑÙæ˺ÙC?
êμõªÞœª ÍÙêŸ ú£ªõòÅ¡ÙÞ¥ ÓÙë]ªÚÛª
û¶ô¢ªaÚÁö˶ÚÛð¼êŸªû¦oÙ? ÎÙÞœxÙ ú£ªõòÅ¡ÙÞ¥, ú£pù£dÙÞ¥
÷«æ°xè[æ°EÚ¨ ú£õõª, ú£«àŸìõª êμõªí£Þœõô¢ª.
- D. Divya, Zingapuram
A: English is very easy. It is not at all diffi-
cult. Read the English newspaper every
day for at least half an hour. Read some
short stories prescribed for classes 1 to 5.
Then you can pick up English very easily.
K ú£ôÂ, Ú¨ÙC í£ë¯õÚÛª Íô¦–õª N÷JÙ#, OõªÙç˶
ÏÙTxùÃö˺ Ñë¯ï£°ô¢éõª êμõªí£Þœõô¢ª.
- G. Sreenu, Chandana
1) Hangover
A: The effect that drink leaves on you after
you get drunk (ê¦Tì þ§ô¦ ví£òÅ°÷Ù ÏÙÚ¥
ÑÙè[åÙ)
2) Anti-terrorism
A: Against terrorism (ÑvÞœî¦ë¯EÚ¨ ÷uA¸ôÚÛÙÞ¥)
3) Bumper hit
A: Great fortune – suddenly getting a huge
amount unexpectedly. (ÍìªÚÁÚÛªÙè¯ ÷à¶a
šíë]Ì ö°òÅ¡Ù, è[ñª().
K ú£ôÂ, Ú¨ÙC î¦Ú¥uõìª ÎÙÞœxÙö˺ Ô÷ªE àμð§pL?
1) ÍêŸè[ª ñõí£Ù ꟪Ùà¶ø‹è[ª.
A: He broke slate pencil
Ïí£pæ¨ ÷ô¢ÚÛª ví£àŸªJêŸîμªiì þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùà ð§êŸ
›í@õ ÚÁú£Ù https://goo.gl/JjLcew LÙÚ ö˶ë¯
www.eenadupratibha.net àŸ«è[÷àŸªa
H 3) Tackle
ð¼ú£ªdõªnÝ°Sõª: vð§âËμÚÂd Íú‡šúdÙæËÀn05, JšúôÂa
Íþ¼ú‡ó¶ªæËÀn01.
H Íô¢|êŸ: ÓÙÓúˆq sÎô¦_EÚ ·ÚNªwúˆdz, 툚ï°àÂè†,
ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù. H ÏÙæô¢«yu ê¶C: áì÷J 30
H î˶CÚÛ: Îô¦_EÚ ·ÚNªwúˆd è…NáûË ڥìpÄ·ôûËÂq ô¢«îª,
vÞ½Ùè ðƼxôÂ, ÓûËÂúˆÓöËÀ, í£±éËμ.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: Ðîμªô³öËÀ H #÷J ê¶C: áì÷J 27
H Ðîμªô³öËÀ: jm.gajbhiye@ncl.res.in
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.nclnindia.org
ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy ÑëÁuÞ¥õª
ÕÕÓÙ, Ítë¯ò°ëÂ
H ÏÙè…óŸªûË ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆà û¶âË ÀîμªÙæËÀ
sÕÕÓÙz, Ítë¯ò°ë ڨÙC ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõª: îμªô³öËÀ Íè…tE›úZæô n ÚÛÙí£²uæôÂ
šúÙæôÂ, šï°öËÀpèËμúÃ\ Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ n ÚÛÙí£²uæôÂ
îμªô³Ùæ¨ûμûËÂq, šúvÚÛæK å« <íÆà Íè…tE›úZæ¨îËÂ
Îíƈú£ôÂ,
H šúvÚÛæK å« ðƧuÚÛMd, ÓTbÚÛ«uæ¨îË Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ n
vð¼vÞ¥îªq. H Íô¢|êŸ: è…vU, íˆ@, ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ.H #÷Jê¶C: áì÷J 30
www.iima.ac.in
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:
2) î¦üŒ‰x ÍêŸè…E àμí£±pêÁ Ú•æ°dô¢ª.
A: They beat him with their shoes / They
shoed him.
3) Ú¥üŒ‰x ÚÛè[ªÚÛª\E, ÚÛªè…Ú¥õª ÷³Ùë]ª šíæ¨d ô¢Ùè…
ö˺í£LÚ¨.
A: Wash your feet, and with your right foot
first, enter the room.
K Sir, soap, sheep, police men - ÏN Óí£±pè[«
ñ÷àŸû¦õª ÍÙæ°ô¢ª. Ú¥F soaps, sheeps
ÍÙæ°ô¢ª. ÔN ú£·ôjìN? N÷JÙàŸÞœõô¢ª.
- U. Bhaskar, Narsapuram
A: Soap, sheep – These two are used both in
singular and plural. ‘Police’ is always
plural. Police man –Singular, and police
men – plural. When you refer to different
kinds of soap, you use the plural form,
‘soaps’. However, sheep is both singular
and plural.
- A. Bhargavi, Chikkepalli
K Sir, please let me know the meanings of
the following in Telugu.
1) Intrinsically
A: ÖÚÛ ë¯E ú£yòÅ°î¦Eo ñæ¨d. eg: He has intrin-
sic merit – ú£ï£°áÙÞ¥û¶ ÍêŸEÚ¨ Î øŒÚ¨h ÑÙC.
2) Mentor
A: Þœªô¢ª÷±.
A: ë¶ûμj¬oû¦ ú£·ôjì ví£óŸªêŸoÙêÁ à¶óŸªåÙ.
K 1) ú£ôÂ, "The grass is always greener on the
other side of the hill." - DEÚ¨ êμõªÞœª Íô¢–Ù
ë]«ô¢í£± Ú•Ùè[õª ìªìªí£± ÍìªÚÁ÷à¦a?
- Kiran, Nalgonda
A: You can take that meaning. Or it means
that we always feel the grass is always
green on the other side of the hill.
2) Dear sir, please give me examples for the
following and let me know their meanings.
1) Silver bullet
A: A bullet made of silver, supposedly the
only weapon that could kill a werewolf.
OR, A simple and seemingly a magical
solution to a problem.
2) Happy sad
A: Happy for one reason, and sad for another
reason.
Oª ví£øŒoõª í£Ùð§Lqì #ô¢ªû¦÷«
þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùÃ, ví£AòÅ¡ èËμúÃ\
Ðû¦è[ª Ú¥ô¦uõóŸªÙ, ô¦îμ«@ íƇöËÀt ú‡æ©,
Íû¦âËÀí£²ôÂ, ô¢ÙÞ¥·ôè…“ >ö°x.
email: english@eenadupratibha.net

GRAMMAR AND USAGE
In the last lesson we have seen countable
and uncountable nouns. We have also seen
more and most are the comparative and
superlative degrees of both the countable and
uncountable nouns. sÚ¨Ùë]æ¨ ð§ôÈ¢Ùö˺ ÷ªìÙ
ÎÙÞœxÙö˺ Ú•Eo nouns uncountable ÍÙç˶
î¦æ¨Ú¨ plurals ÑÙè[÷E
öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶E÷E,
êμõªú£ªÚÛªû¦oÙ.z
eg: a) Most students in the class are clever.
(Superlative). More students in that sec-
tion are cleverer than those in this section
(Comparative). This is for countables.
H More and most are the comparative and
superlative degrees of uncountables too.
(Uncountable ÚÛª ÚÛ«è¯ more and most com-
parative and superlative degrees)
eg: a) Most of the milk was wasted
(Uncountable - superlative) sÏC
öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶EC n ë¯EÚ¨ superlative degree
쑦z.
b) More sugar is there in that vessel than in
this vessel (Uncountable – comparative)
sàŸ·Ú\ô¢ ÚÛ«è¯ öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶EC n ÏC comparative
degreez
H Similarly ‘some’ and ‘a lot of’ are used
both for countables and uncountables.
sÍö°¸Þ 'some' and 'a lot of' countables ÚÛª,
uncountables ÚÛª ·ôÙè…Ùæ¨Ú© î¦è[ê¦Ùz.
a) Some books are on the table (Countable)
sí£±ú£hÚ¥õª ÍÙç˶ öËμÚÛ\šíç˶dN ÚÛë¯z
ûÁ æ© úà ò˺ ô¢ª“
ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy ÑëÁuÞ¥õª
ÎKtö˺ 191 ÓúÃÓúÃúˆ Îíƈú£ô¢ªx
H ÏÙè…óŸªûË ÎKt... ÿ§ôÂd
ú£KyúÃ ÚÛNªù£ûËÂ sÓúÃÓúÃúˆz
Îíƈú£ô ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ÍNî¦ï‡°êŸªöËμjì í£±ô¢ªù£,
÷ªï‡°ü° ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–öË ìªÙ#
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.H Ý°Sõª: 191
H 1z ÓúÃÓúÃúˆ sçËμÚÂz: 189. ÏÙë]ªö˺ í£±ô¢ªù£ªöËÚÛª
175, ÷ªï‡°üŒöËÚÛª 14.
H 2z NèÁúà ÎíÆà 腚íÆûËÂq ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–öËÚÛª: 02
H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ NòÅ°Þ¥ö˺x ÏÙ>FJÙÞ è…vU
ÑBhô¢gêŸ. #÷J Ôè¯C àŸë]ª÷±êŸªìoî¦ô¢« ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh
à¶ú£ªÚÁ÷àŸªa. E¸ôÌPêŸ ø‹Kô¢ÚÛ ví£÷«é°õª ÑÙè¯L.
H ÷óŸªlí£JNªA: 01.10.2019 û¦æ¨Ú¨ 20n27 ÔüŒx
÷ªëÅ]u ÑÙè¯L.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ:
ÓúÃÓúÃH ÏÙæô¢«yu, îμªè…ÚÛöËÀ
ÓÞ¥bNªû¶ù£ûË Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 21
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: https://joinindianarmy.nic.in
ÎCî¦ô¢ÙÙÎÞœ
ÎCî¦ô¢
He is quite Nostalgic..!
b) There is some milk in the glass
(Uncountable) sð§õª Íû¶N öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ENz.
c) I have some friends in Delhi (Countable)
sû¦ÚÛª Ú•ÙêŸ÷ªÙC ›úo꟪õª Ñû¦oô¢ª CMxö˺. ÏC
öËμÚÛ\šíådÞœLTÙC.z
d) He wasted a lot of milk (Uncountable)
sÍêŸìª à¦ö° ð§õª ÷”ëǯ à¶ø‹è[ª
n öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz.
e) Most books in the shop are high priced
(Countable) sÎ ë]ªÚ¥éÙö˺ à¦ö° í£±ú£hÚ¥õ ëÅ]ô¢
ÍA ÓÚÛª\÷ n öËμÚÛ\ šíådÞœLTìNz
f) Most rice grown here is exported.
(Uncountable) sÏÚÛ\è[ šíJ¸Þ ÷JE ÏêŸô¢
ë¶ø‹õÚÛª ÓÞœª÷ªA à¶þ§hô¢ª n öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz
1028
Remember carefully these things always.
The following words are uncountable, that
is, they are used only in the singular and
never in plural. However, before them you
could always use a piece or pieces. The fol-
lowing are uncountable nouns. Understand
them carefully and remember them.
UNCOUNTABLES
The following nouns are always used as
uncountables. sÐ Ú¨ÙC nouns ÍFo
öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ENz
Ïí£pæ¨ ÷ô¢ÚÛª ví£àŸªJêŸîμªiì þ¼pÚÛû ÏÙTxùà ð§êŸ
›í@õ ÚÁú£Ù https://goo.gl/JjLcew LÙÚ ö˶ë¯
www.eenadupratibha.net àŸ«è[÷àŸªa
šúÚÛ«uJæ© ví‡Ùæ¨ÙÞ všíúÃ, šïj°ë]ô¦ò°ëÂ
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ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõªnÝ°Sõª:
ú£«í£ôÂîËμjáô sJþ¼ôÂq
û¶âËÀîμªÙæËÀzn04, WEóŸªôÂ
çËμÚ©où‡óŸªûË sÓöËwÚ¨dÚÛöËÀ/
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çËμÚ©où‡óŸªûË sví‡Ùæ¨ÙÞÂzn30,
šíÆjôÂîμªûË sÎôÂè[ñ«xuzn03.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË í£K¤Û ê¶C: 2019
÷«Ja/ Ôví‡öËÀ.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 11
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ;
https:///spphyderabad.spmcil.com
ÞÁî¦ ÕÕæ©ö˺ û¦ûË æ©#ÙÞ ð¼ú£ªdõª
H ÞÁî¦ö˺E ÏÙè…óŸªûË ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆà çËμÚ¥oöË@
sÕÕæ©z Ú¨ÙC û¦ûË æ©#ÙÞ ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõª: WEóŸªô Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ, WEóŸªôÂ
ÏÙ>FôÂ, WEóŸªô ö°uòËÀ Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ êŸCêŸô¦õª.
H Ý°Sõª: 23
H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdõª/ vò°ÙàŸªö˺x ò°u#öËôÂq
27ú£áì÷J
ªd 12, 2018 email:help@eenadupratibha.net
2019-  email: help@eenadupratibha.net
1) Advice sú£õz – a piece of advice / pieces
of advice, but never advices.
2) Bread sô•çËμdz – a slice s÷³ÚÛ\z / a loaf of
bread sô•çËμd šíë]ÌCz or slices/loaves of bread
3) Business (Business as trade is used both in
the singular and plural), but if business
means work, then it is uncountable. You
then say an item of / items of business.
sí£E Íû¶ Íô¢–ÙêÁ business öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz.
4) Furniture sÏÙæ˺x
Þœ”ï£°Ë ºí£ÚÛô¢é°õª n
öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ENz – an item / items of furniture;
a piece / pieces of furniture.
5) Information sú£÷ «à¦ô¢Ù n öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶EC
ÎÙÞœxÙö˺z – a piece of / pieces of informa-
tion
6) Machinery sóŸªÙvêŸÙ n öËμÚÛ\šíådö˶ECz – an
item / items of machinery
7) News sú£÷«à¦ô¢Ùz – a piece of News
8) Paper – a slip of / a sheet of – slips of /
sheets of sÚ¥Tê¦EÚ¨ ÚÛ«è¯ plural ö˶ë]ª n ÖÚÛ
Ú¥TêŸÙ ÷³ÚÛ\ ÍEÞ¥F, ÷³ÚÛ\õª ÍEÞ¥F ÍÙæ°ô¢ª.
sheet of paper/ sheets of paper).
Writer
M. Suresan
9) Poetry – a piece of / pieces of (ÚÛNêŸyÙ n ÏC
ÚÛ«è¯ uncountable)
10) Scenery (always uncountable) (Óí£±pè[«
uncountable)
11) Soap – a cake of / cakes of; a piece of /
pieces of (ú£ñª( – a cake of soap / cakes
of soap ÍE Þ¥F, ÷³ÚÛ\ / ÷³ÚÛ\õª ÍEÞ¥F
ÍÙæ°ô¢ª.z
12) Work – a piece of work (í£E ÚÛ«è¯
uncountable)
H
è…vU, ÷«ú£dôÂq è…vU, ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù.
ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ú‡\öËÀ, vç˶è çËμúÃd, ô¦êŸ í£K¤Û/ ÏÙæô¢«yu
Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 21
H ô¢ª“ Ú¥íˆöËìª í£Ùí£è¯EÚ¨ #÷Jê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 28
î¦ÚÂÏûËÂ
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.iitgoa.ac.in
šúÙvæöËÀ öËμë]ô JšúôÂa ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ
H àμûμjoö˺E úˆÓúÃÕÎô n šúÙvæöËÀ öËμë]ô JšúôÂa
ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ súˆÓöËÀÎôÂÕz Ú¨ÙC Ý°SöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu Eô¢yþ¼hÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõªnÝ°Sõª: úˆEóŸªôÂ
JšúôÂa šíÆö˺n02, WEóŸªôÂ
JšúôÂa šíÆö˺n01, vð§âËμÚÂd
Íú‡šúdÙæËÀn12
H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdõª/
vò°ÙàŸªö˺x óŸ´@, HÐ/ HçËμÚÂ, ÓÙÓúˆq, ÓÙÐ/
ÓÙçËμÚÂ, ÍìªòÅ¡÷Ù.
H î¦ÚÂÏûË ÏÙæô¢«yu ê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 12
H î˶CÚÛ: HÓÙ ë¯úà öËÀ, úˆÓöËÀÎôÂÕ.
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.clri.org
VOCABULARY
1. Enigmatic = Perplexing/ confusing
sÞœÙë]ô¢ÞÁüŒí£Jà¶z. eg: He kept on an enig-
matic smile the meaning of which none
knew.
Antonym: Plain sê¶åêμõxÙÞ¥ ÑÙè˶z. eg:
His explanations were quite plain and
every student understood it.
2. Acoustic = Connected with sound or
hearing søŒñÌÙêÁ Þ¥F, NEÚ¨è…êÁ Þ¥F
ú£ÙñÙëÅ]Ù Ñìoz.
eg: The acoustics in the hall was not prop-
er and the audience found it difficult
to understand the speech of the
speaker.
Antonym: Silence sEøŒ)ñÌÙz. eg: He spoke
in such silence that none understood
what he was saying.
3. Sadistic = Deriving pleasure from
causing pain to others sÏêŸô¢ªõÚÛª ò°ëÅ]
ÚÛLTÙ# ú£ÙêÁù£Ù ð»Ùë]è[Ùz. eg: He is very
sadistic and enjoys pleasure from the
pain caused to the others.
Antonym: Kind së]óŸªÞœõz. eg: He is very
kindhearted and never causes trouble to
the others.
4. Nostalgic = Homesick sÏÙæ¨ Oªë] òËμÙÞœêÁ
Ñìo n DEÚ¨ ÏêŸô¢ Íô¦–õª ÚÛ«è¯ Ñû¦oô³z.
eg: He is quite nostalgic about his home
which he left for a job in some other
place
5. Articulate = Able to speak sàŸÚÛ\Þ¥
÷«æ°xè[Þœõz / Express oneself s÷ªìú£ªö˺
ÑìoC àμí£pÞœõz. eg: He was able to artic-
ulate his feelings without any hesita-
tion.
6. Scant = Inadequate / not enough sà¦M
à¦õEz. eg: He gave his boss scant
respect and was dismissed from service.
Antonym: Abundant sNþ§hô¢ÙÞ¥ Ñìoz.
eg: There is an abundance of food for all
the travelers.
7. Stealthy = Secret sô¢ï£°ú£uÙÞ¥ ඛú í£Ez.
eg: He entered the room stealthily without
being noticed by anybody.
Antonym: Open sò°ï£„åÙÞ¥z. eg: He open-
ly came into the room in spite of the
police there.
8. Stray = Wander sÔ í£F ö˶ÚÛªÙè¯ Aô¢Þœè[Ùz.
eg: Having lost his near and dear ones he
strayed about in the streets for a
month.
Antonym: Settle sú‡–ô¢í£è[åÙz. eg: He set-
tled down in Mumbai and carried on his
business there.
9. Tranquillity = Calmness sví£ø‹ÙêŸêŸz.
eg: The lake had tranquillity and the boat
was able to sail safely
Antonym: Disturbance sÞœÙë]ô¢ÞÁüŒ í£Jú‡–Aö˺
Ñìoz. eg: Because of the storm the sea
was full of disturbance and no sailor
ventured into the sea.