‘The sea lamprey, in addition to being among the most primitive vertebrates, is a most unusual one, especial- ly with respect to its life cycle. In a life span of about seven years, it spends five to six years as, larva, ‘Young larvae (ammocoetes), eyes covered by skin, burrow into the muddy bottom of streams and fuine- tion as filter feeders. After metamorphosis, the adult sea lamprey proceeds out to sea to function asa para- sitic predator on fish. Ammocoetes possesses struc- ‘tural characteristics of other lower chordates; during ‘metamorphosis, several structures advance to more ‘vertebratelike characteristics. % Lampe’ ae Law First color the structures of the larva and their related titles; then color the adult structures and their thes, Read below wile coloeiag. ‘The larval mouth parts consist of a toothless vestibule s surrounded by a 1 Gout) and a buceal . i omar fo the Vestibule and pre- A r a ly assist i moving the water-borne nutrients posteriorly. Nutrient- gen-laden water is Srawn into the buccal cmcnlar coairno- re 2 tions of the pharynx and the sweeping action of the (ers muscular, flaplike [Deli] Water is then directed though toa Seed meetin ak . just described (muscular-operated filter feeding) is iy bgalflentlyalfierent from Clay Alter feeding seen rds in certain Worms and ampblomas, Mucous secredoas >” of thelendostye enter the pba, trap food par. tite being swept in, and move into the Food is digested and absorbed in the straight intestine tod th ride is eliminated through the PRCR aod out the anus, va and adult incorporate a fibrogelatinous Pe vor coined and an incomplete nate Te ond Ao, work in the head, around the gills ‘The vet -$ as an attachment point for muscles . ‘as well as a stiffener resisting body shortening during locomotion and feeding. The myotomes are W-shaped and arranged serially along the longitudinal axis of the body. Their contractions produce S-shaped, eel-like movements, The anterior end of the dorsal, hollow nerve cord is enlarged in the form of a five-part Brain.) ‘A dorsal evagination of the brain) gland) enlarges just under the skin and is sensitive to light in both larva and adult and transmits nerve impulses to the forebrain where functional changes are made in LAMPREY AND Irs LARWA | response to changing light conditions, The posterior ids of the nerve cord constitutes the Spinal cord) whose segmentally arranged spinal nerves sup- ply (innervate) the myotomes. In the larva, opens into a duct (nasobypophyseal duct) that lies just anterior and ventral to the forebrain. Olfactory recep- tors develop in the walls of the duct and form a highly folded elfactorycapsule' (organ) in the adult. The anterior part of the bypophysis (hi-pof-ce-sis) Olfactory capsiile develops in association with the (O77 and then migrates ventrally (with elongation of the duct toward the pharynx) to lie under and adjacent to the hypothalamus of the forebrain, In other verte- brates, the anterior part of the hypopbysis arises from outgrowths of the bucealfcaev#) The adult bypophy- sis is a three-part structure (OH€ part contributed by the hypothalamus, two parts contributed by the of the nasobypopbyseal duct). The bybopbysi( hypothalamus constitute a major part of the: docrine system of higher vertebrates" °: \ im the adult digestive tract, 2 muscui re paces thir boot the larva, and filter feeding i replaced by parasitic feeding. The buccal develops large numbers of feetb within the\Sucker) as ‘well as a muscular forigue covered with tiny(feetb) ‘When the adult lamprey attaches to the body Ww: the involuntary host, the /ée7b\teas the scaly skin and the rough, rasplike tongue works into the vascular tissues, where salivary secretions prevent coagulation of the victim's blood. The buccal cavity bpens direct- ly into (not a larval structure), which is continous with the intestine. ‘The buccal\ Iso ‘opens into a Vespiratory pharynx) (ventral to Bu: c Unlike the larval form, where incurrent water is brought to the U7 from the youth) water is brought into the Yeshizalanrpbaryns: through deapiving Faed. THA MICs Senn wa enclant fraps Hu HA AR PREMYNK. This Men moves ee es S(Aavgoped in adit (om pay) 4.” What provides the framework for both the larva and adult lampreys? Where is this structure in relation to the dorsal tubular nerve cord (spinal cord)? Sane corer and it 6 (geared Gge vi yee We tows SONA Coxdd 5. Whatiis the function of the pineal gland? Where is this structure located? WT prasad qand se wagontue 4 lye and 19 atmicd ue me Pp of tHe m 6. Where is the nostril located on the lamprey? Ye TAs TEEN opens Lup duce 7. Describe how an adult lamprey feeds. How did the mouthparts have to change for the lamprey to use this feeding method? Wee & GUEE gaulick a Masohypeprypecs 1 need amd Wyecones parosihe Fa vows succes mA Ove Dd ond ov e feel AWA terauc and Sucker guvelep muitigL +tEtY wt ee tenes Cae ters 8. How does the flow of water change in the adult form? Why is this? Lynsey IS wraQNe -o HU HESPIIY pranynk For - wu comma \oot* LAMPREY AND ITS LARVA. em (AMMOCOETES), ORAL HOOD. VigSTIBULs./ MOUTH. /CavETY., OTS worochoRD, xe NTACLIES, BRA PHARYNX 3 PIAL VELUMLIV.TENTACLES, SPIIAL G NASONYPOPHYSEAL DUCT. Giisen tiowenan, , GLFACTORY CAPSULE. ENDOSTYLE/THYROW aL, OLFACTORY C ESOPHAGUS, INTESTING SUCKER-/ CONSTRICTOR MUSC.. LIVER. TEETH. RECTUM. TONGUE. ANUS RESPIRATORY PHARYNX, ADULT (SEA LAMPREY). YPOTHALAM