Andres de urdaneta

Fray Andrés de Urdaneta, OSA , (30 de

noviembre de 1498 - 3 de junio de 1568)
fue un circunnavegador vasco español ,
explorador y fraile agustino . Como
navegante logró en 1536 la "segunda"
circunnavegación mundial (después de la
primera dirigida por Ferdinand Magellan y
Juan Sebastián Elcano y su tripulación en
1522). Urdaneta descubrió y trazó un
camino a través del Pacífico desde
Filipinas hasta Acapulco en el Virreinato
de Nueva España (el actual México )
utilizado por los galeones de Manila. , que
llegó a conocerse como "La ruta de
Urdaneta". Fue considerado como el
"protector de los indios" por su trato a los
nativos filipinos ; También Cebú y el primer
prelado de Filipinas . [1] [2]
 Andrés de Urdaneta y Cerain

Nacido Andrés de Urdaneta y

Cerain
30 de noviembre de
1498
Ordizia , Gipuzkoa ,
Corona de Castilla.
Murió 3 de junio de 1568 (69
años)
Ciudad de México,
Nueva España.

Nacionalidad Vasco , castellano

Nacionalidad Vasco , castellano
(estado)
Ocupación Explorador, fraile.

Andres de urdaneta

Primeros años
Urdaneta was born in the town of Ordizia,
Spain.
Exploración

Route from Philippines to Acapulco, México

Urdaneta was one of the few survivors of

the Loaísa Expedition to reach the Spice
Islands late in the year 1526, only to be
taken prisoner by the Portuguese.
Urdaneta spent the next eight and a half
years in and around the Spice Islands, but
eventually he managed to return to Europe
in the Portuguese India Armada and under
Portuguese guard. Upon his arrival in
Lisbon on June 26, 1536, he achieved the
second world circumnavigation.[3]
Urdaneta accomplished his trip around the
world through a journey which lasted just
shy of eleven years.[4]

In Lisbon the Portuguese authorities

confiscated his charts and letters.
Urdaneta then escaped to Spain, where he
recreated much of the confiscated
material, and presented it to the Spanish
Court. King Charles I of Spain did not give
him a very favourable reception either, and,
wearied by his many adventures, he
returned to New Spain and there entered
the Order of Hermits of St. Augustine.

At the death of the viceroy, Don Luís de

Velasco, in 1564, New Spain had passed
under the government of the Audiencia,
one of whose first cares was to equip an
expedition for the conquest and
colonization of the Philippines. This had
been ordered by Philip II in 1559. Friar
Andrés de Urdaneta having been
designated as the Commander, the Viceroy
had the matter under consideration at the
time of his death. Urdaneta was
considered a great navigator and
especially fitted for cruising in Indian
waters. Philip II wrote urging him to join
the expedition and offering him the
command. Urdaneta agreed to accompany
the expedition but refused to take
command; the adelantado, Don Miguel
López de Legazpi, was appointed as
Commander. The expedition, composed of
the Capitana, which carried on board
Legazpi and Urdaneta, the galleons San
Pablo and San Pedro, and the tenders San
Juan and San Lucas, set sail on November
21, 1564.
Urdaneta founded the first churches in the
Philippines, the St. Vitales Church and the
Basilica del Santo Niño; he served as the
first prelate of the Church in Cebu. After
spending some time in the islands,
Legazpi determined to remain and sent
Urdaneta back for the purpose of finding a
better return route and to obtain help from
New Spain for the Philippine colony. (For
the problem of sailing east across the
Pacific, which Urdaneta solved, see Manila
Galleon and Volta do Mar.) Urdaneta set
sail from San Miguel (the island of Cebu),
on June 1, 1565 and was obliged to sail as
far as 38 degrees North latitude to obtain
favourable winds. With the voyage in
trouble, Urdaneta had to assume
command himself. The ship reached the
port of Acapulco, on October 8, 1565,
having traveled 12,000 miles (20,000 km)
in 130 days. Fourteen of the crew had
died; only Urdaneta and Felipe de Salcedo,
nephew of López de Legazpi, had strength
enough to cast the anchors.

Upon arriving, Urdaneta discovered that a

member of the crew of his expedition,
Alonso de Arellano—who had abandoned
them just after leaving the port—had
actually beaten them across the ocean,
arriving at Barra de Navidad in Jalisco in
August of the same year. However,
Arellano was in disgrace for his rebellion
against the authority of Legazpi, and his
notes were far less precise and
professional than Urdaneta's, and so the
latter's route became the famous and
trusted one.

L
e
g
a
d
o
Fray Andrés de Urdaneta Monument

The Memorial stands in Urdaneta, Pangasinan ( a town

named in his honor).

From Mexico, Urdaneta went to Europe to

make a report on the expedition and then
returned to New Spain, intending to
continue on to the Philippines, but he was
dissuaded by his friends. He wrote two
accounts of his voyages: one giving the
account of the Loaiza expedition was
published; the other, which gives the
account of his return voyage, is preserved
in manuscript in the archives of the
Council of the Indies.

For the remainder of the 16th and 17th

centuries, Spanish ships, particularly the
annual Manila-Acapulco trading Galleon,
used "Urdaneta's route."

In the Philippines, the City of Urdaneta in

Pangasinan was named after him. The
same city is the seat of one of the biggest
dioceses on the country.

Urdaneta died in Mexico City in 1568.

Véase también
 Exploration of the Pacific

Wikimedia Commons has media related to

Andrés de Urdaneta.

Referencias
McDougall, Walter (1993). Let the Sea
Make a Noise: Four Hundred Years of
Cataclysm, Conquest, War and Folly in
the North Pacific. New York: Avon Books.
"Expedition of García de Loaisa 1525-
26." In The Philippine Islands, 1493-
1898. Cleveland, Ohio: A.H. Clark
Company, 1903-9. Vol. 2, 1529-1561.
Pp. 33.
1. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803, vol. 2,
eds. Emma Helen Blair, James Alexander
Robertson (Cleveland: The Arthur H. Clark
Company, 1903), 33, note 5.
2. Bartholomé de Letona, OSF, The
Philippine Islands, 1493-1803, vol. 36, eds.
Emma Helen Blair, James Alexander
Robertson (Cleveland: The Arthur H. Clark
Company, 1906), 210.
3. or rather the third or even the fourth
circumnavigation in history, considering that
Magellan and some of his men had been in
the regions of Malaysia and Indonesia a
decade before reaching the Philippines, or
the route taken by other crew members of
Magellan's expedition and later returned to
Europe after Elcano`s ship, who were also
brought by the Portuguese from Moluccas
and then released in Lisbon
4. Mitchell, Mairin. 1964. Friar Andrés de
Urdaneta, O.S.A. Macdonald and Evans,
London, p. 101

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