BVLKPACABLIEB MOPEXOPIHASI ACTPOHOMMSI WS BAHME TPETbE, NEPEPASOTAHHOE MM AONONMHEHHOE Yrsepraeno TnasHeim ynpaenennem no paBore ¢ Mopakamn sarponnnosania, KAApOB n yueGHbIx saseaeanit Muamopspnore 8 kavectee yueSnuka Ana cryReHTOR cyaosoamren.ckok cheynannocTn SbICWHX MDKEHEpHBIK MOPCKHX yy = MOCKBA "TPAHCIIOPT” 1986Yacre Ill ACTPOHABHI ALVA Trapa 13. ONPEAENEHME MONPABKM KOMNACA ACTPOHOMHMYECKMMM METOJAMM § 57. OCHOBb! ACTPOHOMMUECKOLO ONPEAENEHMA MONPABKU KOMMACA Tlokasanna npH6opos, cay2KallluxX AMA onpeenenna Kanpapnenut 2 Mope, mon- Repel cHeTeMaTHYecKHM MH culysaliabiM omn6Kam, Ins KomnencanHn cucremar#eckoli co- crabnaroueli orpemmociy — Heo6xouumo onpereats nonpasky npyGopa. [lonpas- xa Komnacon oGostiazaercs AK. B. mope, BHe BAJMMOCTH Geperon, 20 CHX Top enKH- CTReHHBIM H HaRGosee TOUHLIM cloco6om onpesenenus AK sipaneren actponowu- ueckuit. Ero oco6enHocrsi0 ABineTcA TO, sro Hi] wa crerino C nonyuaerca Berune- jenvem ua TpeyromiiKa PC (puc. 94). Ecam 8 stot Ke MomerT HaGmiogatb KIT cpetuna, TO BemuunHa 1 sHaK AX onpege- qietes TO chopmysie AK =HNep—KMex. (185) Vcruuanii nesear cperuna, pasenti ero a3HMyTY B KPYTOBOM cHeTe, MOIKHO BLMHCUTS NO (opMysaM, TabnayaM, Wo- MorpaMMam, mpwGopam wu Ha SBM. Asumyr sennetea bynKuuel Tpex ap- ryMeHTOB: A=Ay (gp, 8, = Ag (Gs 6 A)= Ag (G4, tm Achy 8, N= As (#99. (186) B sapacHMocrn or BosMoxKHOCTH momty- NeHHA ApryMeHTOB MpuHMMaetca Ta HAI Pue, 94 138 MHas 43 9TUX 3aBHcHMocTei. B Macrosmee BpeMs MpUMeHAtOT TPH NepBEIE 3aBHCHMO- CTH, NO KoTOpIM HasBaHI MH caMH MeTOMI onpesestenun nompasxn KoMMaca: Me- TOR MOMEHTOB, MeTOR BEICOT H MeTOR, BBI cot # MomenTor, @opmystt ama BErEHCTe- wus A B STHX MeTOR@x NonyuatoTcs 3 hapataaKrueckoro tpeyromunka zPxC (cu. puc. 94) mo o6mum cpopmyzam ccpe- puueckolt Tpnrovomerpya (ipHacxerne 1) Memod momenmos. Ecau npy memet- ropaHHM CBeTHNa 3aMe¥eH MoMeHT 110 xpo- HOMETPY H CHSTEI C KapTel @ K A, TO Tpe- yroubuuk zPxC peuiaerca ¢ nomyyer- unin @, 8, f, 10 opMyse KoraHrericon lem. § 4, copay (5)]. Mocae ynpouenuti noslyuaew ctg A~ ty 6 cos @ cosec fy—sin gp ctg fy. (187) Tlo dopuyne (187) nta nto cocrapmer- HbIM NPHMeHHTENbHO K Hei TaGAMAM BATH HOMOTpaNMaM BBITKCTAIOT ASHMYT B TOM KpyrouoM cuere, nepesonaT 8 Kpyronoft cuer w npuiumatot 3a HIT. Meron, mower TOB sBNxeTCH HaGonee pacnipocrpatiet BBIM, Tak Kak OX YHHBepcaitet — ero Mom HO MpHMeHaTE B m060e BpeMa H K 060: My CBeTHAY, KpoMe Toro, OM MPpAkTHYECKH yiobeH. Memod eoicom. Eena npn menenrona- HUH ceeTHIa UsMepeHa MAM sapatiee Bhi uncmeHa ero BbIcoTa, a Take TMony¥4eHy @ #8, To us TpeyrombunKa ZC no chop myae KocHHyca cropoHbi PC MoRIto TO: AIySHTb agNMyT cBerasa: cos A= sin Ssecgsech—tgotgh. (188) Dror Meroa MpHMelsieren B YacTHEA cayuasx, KOTIa BHICOTY MOKHO BbLIRCATIT. gapaiee, HanpuMep Juls BILAMMOrO BoC: xojla (3axona) Kpam Coamtia Hut Jus ero HeTMHoro BocxoaaMemod esiwom u nomexmoe. Eon noc- ale WaGMOLEHUA BeIeOT CBeTHAA BIsTe ero Hlenexr no KoMNacy Wo saMepHTs Txp, TO oMoBpemeHHo © mloAyHeHNeM Mecta cyaNa HIM AHHNK NlomOKEKHA MO%KHO TOAyMHT W flonpaBKy Kommaca. Hoax eiuucnenun hw A npuvenserca cucrema hopsya (7): sin he= sin p sin 6-+-c0s pc086 cos ty, | ss 189) ended geond sacha, p wey Ecan AK nonyuaeres nocae anu no- voxKeHHs, TO A npuBelewan K MomeNTy naGaionenuli A77 seiuucanercn AA,, noc ae sero A= A, + AA, Stor meron Bar FOO NpHMeHATS, ech ASHNYT BHTUHCAR- eren HOMYTHO, HanpaMep, nocae smnmH rowowens. Mero Bnicor w NoMentoB npumenser- ca TakxKe npH onpereneniun AK 10 To JIpUOh sBesie, HO ee BEICOTa He HaMepHeT- ca, a npunuwaeten paso @, Sror me Nevo, HO ¢ pyro cucremoh dopmy.r, MOET GbITh HpHMeHeH pu pacyere Hio- Ohamen- samenece, sa, 2S Onpedeacnuc yeaa eusupoeanua. Tan wpa Oopor, taioMnx yrnit OTHoeHTeALNO Wartpanne- HHA Ha Onpegetennoe creTHo (rHpoasuMyTOR, qorocekeranos nam pagqnocexeTanos), onperena- eTcn yrod BNSHPOBaHHA Ha opHeuTap. Ecnu Hanpabaetne ia eBensto YlepiKuBate. aBTO% Tuwecxn # Meripepsibso, To nanpacaeune Ha Ka- Koft-aK60 opneNTHp (nomOxHM, Ha MOpT npHXo- ia), WaSbindeNoe yrHoW eXanposanus B, NoAHO AMUNCANTH HS CHETeMGL TpeX chepH4ecKMX Tpey- TOALNNKOS H NPUNEKHTH G KAveC TRE MaNpasTtedns apoxenna cyana. OcoSentocrn onpegenenus nonpawoK Kommacos. Fupokomnac ucnomsyercs ais hoayuenus Kypcoe u nenenros. B neppom cayuae On npHMerisetca KaK KYpcoyKaaa- Telb, No NOKagatHam KoToporo cyaHo cnenyet aireibHoe Bpems. B stom cn uae HeaGxoquMo sHaTb NOCcTORIMYIO To- npasky ALK, rupoxomnaca, jalousyio cpenee m3 ero OTkKAOHeNHit — MrnoReH- HbIx nonpasow ATK’ 7. €. EArK' ATKy= (180) me ADK’ ~ Hilo, — KHex — Mrionenue no- Apagkn sa uteppaa 2.5 4%; NV — nero nonpazox (4—10), Mrnosexiiaa lonpaska —3To o6ur- Haa OTAeabian nonpaBka, KOTOpan onpe- genera no nemenram cperiita. Osa npHMe- HATCH JUIt HCNPABeHHA MesIeHTOB OKO.IO JaHnoro MomenTa. OTK/OHeHH® MrHoBeH- Hof nonpasx# oT HtocromHHo# OGLE He mpespitiaiot 0.5 — 1 (nocae manespoa— to 2). Sr orkaonenna xapakrepusy- Jor TOUNOCTH KypcoyKasaHHa. Ilia nonpaskn MarHuTHoro Kommaca XaPakTepHo TO, YTO OHA 3aBHCHT OT KYpca, NOSTOMY OMA OTIPeAeASITRCA HMeHHO Ha JaHHoM Kypce. § 58, BNMAHHE OLUMBOK B ge WH fc HA BBIMMCHAEMBIA ASMMYT CBETHIA, BbIFOAHBIE YCNOBMA HABTIOAEHM B Gopmysat (187)—(189) aan apiunese- Hil a3HMYTa BXOZAT KOOPANHATS! Mecta CYAHa, KOTOpBIe, KaK NpaBHtO, ABIAIOTCH CHHCAHMBIM 1 JIMtIb HapelKa oBcepBo- Baiibimd. Asumyt, BbiincneHtst no can CAUMBIM KOOPAHHataM, TaK2Ke CUNCTUMEA; Ain Tlonyuesus 2Ke nonpasku tTpebyerca kctunistt aaumyt A, cBetana. Upurnmas Ac 3@ Ay, Jomyekaem omnbxy AA, 3aBn- Cry! B OCHOBHOM oT OUIKOOK Ag x AL B CUNCABMbIX KOOPAMHaTaX; 97a OIHOKa BO- der 8 flonpaBKy Komnaca. Oum6Ky BA, MoxHo pacematpupatb kak jipupaiyerne aaumyra ot mppaiennh 8 UMpOTe H AOATOTe MecTa H NOAVENTH ee ¢ MoMoMbIO paga oA GAL AA a Ag Ad-bee (¥) way AAx AAy-++AAy, en tne AAg 1 AA, — nprpamenna A nop m2 (nep- phe wenn pila) Onpeneaum snavenun AAg u AA, x yCOBNA, pH KOTOPEIX STHMH OUTHOKaMH MomHO riperebpeus. Oun6Kn p A, pustiBaemme omOKOH OA # 9, Tan onperenenua 5 npoanxbepenitt- pyew opwyay (187) ana ctg A n¢: no A (126 cosee ¢ sin — —cos ote t) ap. 139