MLAB-412 UNIT CONVERSIONS UNEAR 1 statute mile = 5,280 ft = 1.609 km. {A nautical mile = 6,080 ft = 1.8528 km = 1.1515 statute miles 3 nautical miles = 18,240 ft ft 1 meter = 3.281 ft= 1.093 yards Lrod=5.5 yards =16.5 ft 1 furlong = 40 rods = 220 yards 1 cable length = 720 ft 1 fathom = 6 ft 1 span =9 inches 1 vara = 33.33 inches A mil= 0.001 inch AREA ‘hectare = 10,000 m? = 11,960 yard? Lacte = 4,047 m? = 0.4087 hectare 100 grad = 6,400 mils = 1 revolution 90 degrees = 100 grad A degree = 60 mins vowume A quart =2 pints 1 US gallon = 3.7854 = 231 in'= 4 quarts = 8 pints 1 m*= 1000 = 35.31 ft! = 264.2 US gallon 1 ft = 7.481 US gallon = 28.317 L = 28,317 cm’ 1 ganta =3L= 8 chupas A cavan = 25 gantas 55 British gallon (unrefined petroleum products) = 1 drum 42 British gallon (refined petroleum products and other liquids) L barrel A barrel= 200 L 728 in? (MASS AND WEIGHT 1 short ton (ton) = 2,000 lbs ‘long ton = 2,240 Ibs metric ton = 1,000 kg = 2,205 lbs {kip (Kilopound) = 1,000 Ibs kg = 2.205 Ibs 1 kgi= 2.205 Ib = 9.806 N 1 slug = 32.2 Ibs or 32.174 Ibs = 14,594 ke fb = 16 ounce (02) WORK OR ENERGY (Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Energy) 1 BTU = 778 lbp ft = 252 Cal (calories 055 kd 1 KCal= 4.187 kd = 427 kgm erg =1 dyne-cm = 107) 14 Goule) = 1. Nem = 2.78% 104 W-h 1 CHU (Celsius Heat Unit) = 1.8 BTU 1 quad = 10" BTU = 1.055 x 105d 1 Latm = 101.3254 1 ton of TNT = 4.184 G) 1 bboe (barrel-of-oil equivalent) ‘ emge (cubic-meter-of-natural gas equi 1 toce (ton-of-coal equivalent) = 29 G) lent) = 37 to39 MI TEMPERATURE Celsius to Kelvin~ K =*C-+273, Fahrenheit to Rankine ~R="F + 460 Fahrenheit to Celsius ~*c = (5/9)("F 32) Newton to Celsius ~°¢ = (100/33)("n) Reaumur to Celsius ~°C = (5/4)(*Re} Romer to Celsius ~"C = (40/21)("Ro ~7.5) Ligem to Celsius ~°C = 25(+L) Delisle to Celsius ~°C = 100 ~ (2/3)(De) Ligem to Reaumur~"Re = 20('L) Power ‘Lp = 550 (Ibrft)/sec = 33,000 (Ib-f}/min = 2,545 BTU/hr 2.4 BTU/min = 0.746 kW = 1.014 mhp KW = 3,413 BTU/hr 1W=1y/s 1 mhp = 0.736 kW = 75 (kgr-m)/sec = 4,500 (kge-m}/min 1 developed boiler hp = 33,475 BTU/hr = 35,322 ki/hr PRESSURE 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 14.696 psi = 760 mmHg = 29.92 inkig 0332 kgi/em? = 10.342 mH;0 = 33.934 ftH,O bar = 100 kPa 1Pa=1.N/m? FLUIDS 1 poise = 1 (dyne-sec)/em? = 0:1 Pa-s 1 stoke = 1 cm?/sec = 0.0001 m#/sec 1 (lb-sec)/ft® = 478.7 poise 1 ft/sec = 929 cm’/sec 1 ft?/sec= 448.8 gpm Lm/s = 1000 Ls = 35.31 ft/sec PROPERTIES OF AIR (STP: 70°F = 21.11°¢) p= 1.0062 kik = 0.24 BTU/Ib C= 0.7186 hi/kg-K = 0.1714 BTU/Ib- 287 ki/kg-k = 53.342 (Ib A)/Ib°R 3 for hot = 1.4 for cold 545 Ub) Pa 314 W/kgna 0012 kg/ 0.24 KCal/ig-k A714 KCal/kg-K 1.986 BTU/ Pmu-"R= 1.986 KCal/KEnarK 0821 L-atm/mol-K 075 tb/ft? Pe= 1.2 kg/m’ PROPERTIES OF WATER (s1P:39.2°F=4°C) C= 4.187 kifkg-K= 1.0 BTU/Ib-R = 1.0 kCal/kg-K (latent heat of fusion) = 335 ki/kg = 144 BTU/lb ‘SHI (specific sensible heat of ice) = 2.093 li/kg-K = 0.5 BTU/Ib-"R Latent Heat of Vaporization (from and at 100°C) 2,257 W/kg =970.3 BTU/Ib Latent Heat of water vapor in air and flue gases (average) = 2,442 Wi/kg = 1,050 BTU/Ib pw = 1000 kg/m? = 1 kg/L = 62.4 lb/ft? = 8.33 b/eal