A Mini Project Report

On

“DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM”

Submitted by

HAWALE MANOJ KAILAS (3220)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of

Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

CSMSS Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

Year 2018-2019

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini-project report entitled

DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

Submitted by

HAWALE MANOJ KAILAS (3220)

has completed as per requirement of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathawada University

Aurangabad in partial fulfillment of degree

B.E.(Mechanical)

Guide Head of Department Principal

Prof. SK. Ather Dr. R.P. Chopade Dr. U.B.Shinde

Department of Mechanical Engineering

CSMSS Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad

Year 2018-2019

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me a great pleasure to submit this Mini-project report on “Design of single slider crank
mechanism”. I express my sincere thanks to my guide Prof. SK. Ather for his guidance and
time to time valuable suggestion and providing constant support throughout this work.

I am very thankful to Hod Dr. R.P. Chopade and the staff members of mechanical engineering
department for their persistent inspection inspiration.

I am also very much thankful to Principal Dr. U.B. Shinde who has been a constant source of
inspiration to complete the work.

HAWALE MANOJ KAILAS

TE (B) Mechanical

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

ABSTRACT

The slider-crank mechanism is a particular four-bar linkage configuration that exhibits

both linear and rotational motion simultaneously. This mechanism is frequently utilized
in undergraduate engineering courses to investigate machine kinematics and resulting
dynamic forces. The position, velocity, acceleration and shaking forces generated by a
slider-crank mechanism during operation can be determined analytically. Certain factors
are often neglected from analytical calculations, causing results to differ from
experimental data. The study of these slight variances produces useful insight. The
following report details the successful design, fabrication and testing of a pneumatically
powered slider crank mechanism for the purpose of classroom demonstration and
experimentation. Transducers mounted to the mechanism record kinematic and dynamic
force data during operation, which can then be compared to analytical values. The
mechanism is capable of operating in balanced and unbalanced configurations so that the
magnitude of shaking forces can be compared.
In this project work on Single slider crank mechanism is developed, designed and
assembled in CREO 2.0 Software. The assembly and part drawing is in solid design for
better Understanding.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

INDEX

CHAPTER CHAPTER PARTICULARS PAGE NO.

NO.
1 1.1 Introduction 01

1.2 Objective 03

2 Literature Review 04

3 Methodology 06

3.1 Definition of Single slider crank mechanism 07

3.2 Inversion of Single slider crank mechanism 08

3.3 Application 10

4 Creo part design 11

4.1 Design Of Each Parts Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism 12

4.2 Assembly Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism 16

5 5.1 Conclusion 17

5.2 Reference 18

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FIGURE INDEX

SR.NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 Fig. 1 Single slider crank 07

2 Fig. 2 Pendulum pump or Bull engine 08

3 Fig. 3 Oscillating cylinder engine 09

4 Fig. 4 Rotary internal combustion engine 09

5 Fig.5 Crank 12

6 Fig.6 Connecting rod 13

7 Fig.7 Piston 13

8 Fig.8 Screw 14

9 Fig.9 Base Plate 15

10 Fig.10 Cross Head 15

11 Fig.11 Assembly of single slider crank mechanism 16

III

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Objective

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of the slider-crank mechanism is to convert the linear motion of the piston to
rotational motion of the crankshaft. One common application of this mechanism is in
internal combustion engines. The Ø rest aim of this experiment is to investigate and
compare the theoretical kinematic relationship between the displacement of the piston
and the angle of the crankshaft with that measured for a single-cylinder engine. The other
aim is to investigate the four-stroke cycle by simultaneously observing the motion of the
piston and valves Using the right angled triangles formed at the dead center positions:
Noting s =se-sf =stroke = the distance slider travels between dead-centers. If we let l=
a2/a3 and e = c/a3.

The Slider-crank mechanism is used to transform rotational motion into translational

motion by means of a rotating driving beam, a connection rod and a sliding body. In the
present example, a flexible body is used for the connection rod. The sliding mass is not
allowed to rotate and three revolute joints are used to connect the bodies. While each
body has six degrees of freedom in space, the kinematical conditions lead to one degree
of freedom for the whole system. A slider crank mechanism converts circular motion of
the crank into linear motion of the slider. In order for the crank to rotate fully the
condition L> R+E must be satisfied where R is the crank length, L is the length of the
link connecting crank and slider and E is the offset of slider . A slider crank is a RRRP
type of mechanism i.e. It has three revolute joints and 1 prismatic joint. The total distance
covered by the slider between its two extreme positions is called the path length.
Kinematic inversion of slier crank mechanisms produce ordinary a white work quick
return mechanism of Machines Lab Inversion: Different mechanisms obtained by fixing
different links of a kinematics chain are known as its inversions.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

1.2 OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this mini-project work are

1. To Design the Single slider crank mechanism.

2. To Design parts of Single slider crank mechanism and develop or make Assembly of

Single slider crank mechanism in CREO software

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2 Literature Review

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

Kittur Ravi Ashok, [Dec-2017] [1] Design And Force Analysis Of Slider Crank
Mechanism Vertical form (film) fill and seal machine was first built in middle of last
century. During the development of the machine an attempt has been made to introduce
plastic as packaging material which became more popular. Variety of mechanism can be
used for transporting the film for packaging purpose. The packaging machines developed
till date makes use of stepper motors and their supporting drive mechanism for
transporting the plastic. In present work this mechanism is replaced with slider crank
mechanism where intermittent motion is converted into continuous motion for packaging.
Not only that this mechanism can be powered by an electric motor along with variable
frequency drive (VFD).

N.Sivakumar, [Apr-2016] [2] Design and Fabrication of Industrial Conveyor Using

Crank Mechanism. This machine is basically works on the principle of Single Slider
Crank Mechanism. Which is the heart of this machine and it converts rotary motion into a
reciprocating motion. Here Fabricated the conveyor using crank mechanism machine, this
project can be utilized in industry. Industries in worldwide use conveyors as a mechanism
to transport boxes from place. This mechanism do not includes strong belts, pulleys and
heavy motors to rotate the pulley to move the conveyor

Eben C. Cobb, [April 25, 2013] [3] Slider – Crank Mechanism for Demonstration
and Experimentation MQP. The slider-crank mechanism is a particular four-bar linkage
configuration that exhibits both linear and rotational motion simultaneously. This
mechanism is frequently utilized in undergraduate engineering courses to investigate
machine kinematics and resulting dynamic forces. The position, velocity, acceleration
and shaking forces generated by a slider-crank mechanism during operation can be
determined analytically. Certain factors are often neglected from analytical calculations,
causing results to differ from experimental data. The study of these slight variances
produces useful insight.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Definition of Single slider crank mechanism

3.2 Inversion of Single slider crank mechanism

3.3 Application of Single slider crank mechanism

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3.1 DEFINITION OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM?

A single slider crank chain is a modification of the basic four bar chain. It consist of one
sliding pair and three turning pairs. It is, usually, found in reciprocating steam engine
mechanism. This type of mechanism converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion
and vice versa. In a single slider crank chain, as shown in Fig. 3.1, the links 1 and 2, links
2 and 3, and links 3 and 4 form three turning pairs while the links 4 and 1 form a sliding
pair.

Fig.3.1 Single slider crank.

The link 1 corresponds to the frame of the engine, which is fixed. The link 2 corresponds
to the crank; link 3 corresponds to the connecting rod and link 4 corresponds to cross-
head. As the crank rotates, the cross-head reciprocates in the guides and thus the piston
reciprocates in the cylinder.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

3.2 INVERSION OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

Four inversions of a single slider crank chain are possible.

These inversions are found in the following mechanisms.

1) Pendulum pump or Bull engine.

2) Oscillating cylinder engine
3) Rotary internal combustion engine

3.2.1 Pendulum pump or Bull engine.

In this mechanism, the inversion is obtained by fixing the cylinder or link 4 (i.e. sliding
pair), as shown in Fig. In this case, when the crank (link 2) rotates, the connecting rod
(link 3) oscillates about a pin pivoted to the fixed link 4 at A and the piston attached to
the piston rod (link 1) reciprocates. The duplex pump which is used to supply feed water
to boilers have two pistons attached to link 1, as shown in Fig 3.2.

Fig.3.2. Pendulum pump or Bull engine

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

3.2.2 Oscillating cylinder engine

The arrangement of oscillating cylinder engine mechanism, as shown in Fig., is used to

convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion. In this mechanism, the link 3 forming
the turning pair is fixed. The link 3 corresponds to the connecting rod of a reciprocating
steam engine mechanism. When the crank (link 2) rotates, the piston attached to piston
rod (link 1) reciprocates and the cylinder (link 4) oscillates about a pin pivoted to the
fixed link at A.

Fig. 3.3 Oscillating cylinder engine

3.2.3 Rotary internal combustion engine

Sometimes back, rotary internal combustion engines were used in aviation. But now-a-
days gas turbines are used in its place. • It consists of seven cylinders in one plane and all
revolves about fixed centre D, as shown in Fig 3.4., while the crank (link 2) is fixed. • In
this mechanism, when the connecting rod (link 4) rotates, the piston (link 3) reciprocates
inside the cylinders forming link 1.

Fig. 3.4 Rotary internal combustion engine

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3.3 APPLICATION OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

1) The slider crank mechanism is used in piston cylinder assembly in combustion

engine , and converts reciprocating motion in circular motion and vice verse.
2) The slider crank mechanism is used in rotary engine when Crank is fixed.
3) The slider crank mechanism is used in oscillating cylinder engine when the
connecting rod is fixed.
4) The slider crank mechanism is used in hand pump when the slider is fixed.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

CHAPTER 4

CREO PART DESIGN

4.1 Design Of Each Parts Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism

4.2 Assembly Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism

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4.1 Design of each parts of single slider crank mechanism

Pro-E is parametric integrated 3D CAD/CAM/CAE solution created by

Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC). It provides solid modelling, assembly
modelling and drafting, finite element analysis, direct and parametric modelling. It
is more user friendly than any other CAD software for solid modelling. Hence we
decided to carry out the designing of our Single slider crank mechanism in PTC
Creo software. While designing there are various processes which described below
every part design figure.

4.1.1 Design of Crank

Fig.4.1 Crank

A crank is an arm at a right angle to a rotating shaft by which reciprocating motion is into
or received from the shaft. It is used to circular motion into reciprocating motion, or vice
versa.

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

4.1.2 Design of Connecting rod

Fig.4.2 Connecting rod

A connecting rod is a rigid member which connects a piston to a crank or crankshaft in

a reciprocating engine. Together with the crank, it forms a simple mechanism that
converts reciprocating motion into rotating motion.

A connecting rod may also convert rotating motion into reciprocating motion, its original
use. Earlier mechanisms, such as the chain, could only impart pulling motion. Being
rigid, a connecting rod may transmit either push or pull, allowing the rod to rotate the
crank through both halves of a revolution. In a few two-stroke engines the connecting rod
is only required to push

4.1.3 Design of Piston

Fig.4.3 Piston
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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas

compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the
moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston
rings. In an engine, its purpose is to transfer force from expanding gas in the
cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod and/or connecting rod. In a pump, the
function is reversed and force is transferred from the crankshaft to the piston for the
purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the cylinder. In some engines, the
piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering ports in the cylinder.

4.1.4 Design of screw

Fig.4.4 Screw

A screw is a type of fastener, in some ways similar to a bolt (see Differentiation between
bolt and screw below), typically made of metal, and characterized by a helical ridge,
known as a male thread (external thread). Screws are used to fasten materials by digging
in and wedging into a material when turned, while the thread cuts grooves in the fastened
material that may help pull fastened materials together and prevent pull-out.

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4.1.5 Design of Base Plate

Fig.4.5 Base Plate

A solid piece of material that has enough strength and sturdiness to serve as the surface to
which other things are attached to be supported.
The base plate is used for the arrangement of the all component of the single slider crank
mechanism.

4.1.6 Design of Cross Head

Fig.4.6 Cross Head

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 DESIGN OF SINGLE SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

A crosshead is mechanism used as part of the slider-crank linkages of long reciprocating

engines and reciprocating compressors to eliminate sideways pressure on the piston. Also,
the crosshead enables the connecting rod to freely move outside the cylinder. Because of
the very small bore-to-stroke ratio on such engines, the connecting rod would hit the
cylinder walls and block the engine from rotating if the piston was attached directly to the
connecting rod like on trunk engines. Therefore, the longitudinal dimension of the
crosshead must be matched to the stroke of the engine.

4.2 Assembly Of Single Slider Crank Mechanism

Following assembly view of Single slider crank mechanism is designed in

Creo parametric designing software. Designing (drafting and 3D orientation)
of each separate part is also added in following sections.

Fig.4.7 Assembly of single slider crank mechanism

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CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Reference

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5.1 CONCLUSION

From this mini-project I understood the working of CREO Parametric engineering

software in actual practice & also the procedure to design the Single slider crank
mechanism including various parameters related to the same which has proved very
much fruitful for me.
1. Design of Single Slider crank mechanism was done in this project work.
2. In designing detail dimension, part drawing, drawing sheet, assembly is
determined.
3. Also the literature review of Single Slider crank mechanism, its Types,
Application is Studied in this project.

5.2 REFERENCE

1) Kittur Ravi Ashok, [Dec-2017] Design And Force Analysis Of Slider Crank
Mechanism www.irjet.net
2) N.Sivakumar, [Apr-2016] Design and Fabrication of Industrial Conveyor Using
Crank Mechanism www.irjet.net
3) Eben C. Cobb, [April 25, 2013] Slider – Crank Mechanism for Demonstration and
Experimentation MQP

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