FOUNDATIONS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY by JOHN R. REITZ Department of Physics Case Institute of Technology and FREDERICK J. MELFORD Mathematical Physics Division Battelle Memorial Institute ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY, ic. READING, MASSACHUSETTS, U.S.A. LONDON, ENGLANDCopyright © 1986 ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY, Ic. Printed in the United States of America ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS HOOK, OR PARTS THERK- OF, MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED IN ANY TORM WITT- OUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHER. Library. of Congress Catalop Curd No, 60-8247PREFACE Although Maxwell’s equations were formulated more than seventy years ago, the subject of Electricity and Magnetism has wot remained static. The progress of the 1930’e on the microscopic constitution of matter, and the growth of solid-state physics after World War II, have led to a better understanding of electric and magnetic fields inside matter. The alvanced undergraduate siudent in Science (thia is the student to whom we are directing our attention) upproaches the subject of electricity with a qualitative understanding of atomic phenomena. - At the same time, he has acquired a good background in mathematics, and for the first time in his career he is in the position of being able tc solve some of the im- portact mathematical problems of classical physics. “It appeared to us that there was no well-designed text in Electricity and Magnetism to meet the special needs of this group of students. ‘The present, vohume haa evolved froth the teaching of a course in Elec- tricity and Magnetism to physics majors at Case Institute of Technology. ‘These utudents have been introduced to vector analysis both in mathe- matics and mechanics courses, they have encountered some of the im- portant partial differential equations in physics, and -they have been invreduced to boundary-value problems. A course in Electricity and Magnetism is ideally suited to a ‘urvher development of these mathe- matical concepts, and we have attempted to exploit this ides in the present book. Although a previous introduction to these concepis is desirable, the sections on vector analysis and boundary-value problems have been wri in such a way thai little previous knowledge of the subject is required. We feel that the approach of building up Electricity and Magnetism from the basic experimental laws is still the correct one ut the intermediate level, and we have followed this approach. Although a rigorous exposition of the fundamentals is to be preferred to teaching by example, we have been careful to include a substantial number of well-chosen example problems to bridge the gap between the formul development of the subject and the problems. Mxperience has shown that « deficiency of examples can detract, from an otherwise good textbook. It is our belief thut a full understanding of the electric and magnetic fields inside matter cun be obtained ouly after the atomic nature of matter is appreciated. Hence we have used clementary atornic concepis freely in the development of macroscopic them'y, We ltive tried to use the physical approach in our treatment of polaridation aid fiagnetization, as well as in our discussion of Lhe auxiliary vectors D and'H. We believe our book has something extra to offer in this ared?,