Key Honors Forensic Science Final Exam Study Guide @ Forensic science - ths application of suinc principus § tecnniguis +o matuirs of criminal Justin, sspaciauly. 0S vulating +o the eoluction, uxamination , ¢ analysis o physical uvidiny. It is strictly conurnud with wncoulring evi ste . Locord's bach principle - whan a purson conus into contact with ancther parson, Animal, or object, 0 cross Sas of wuidinee occurs. Th intensity, duration, * nature of +a matorialS in contact dstermins Hy dxtent of euiolind material xchangse.. &) Hairs trom a kidnapped child in Hu susuots car gre ; Frey United states, - in ordur for evicuince to be odmited at trial, the quistiorud procedure, techniqui, or principles must be geet acupted” by o meaningful sgmént of thy relevant sclntiti community. . DOubert y. Merrill Dow > essurted +o “general occeptany” or 4ne Frey (Arye) Standard Is not an absolute prerequisite to the admissibility of euidina undur the Fecural Rules of evidiny . Fedurot Rules of Guidanct- 0 eo! judge is tasked with unsuring that an ayparts testimony rests ona reliable foundation € is reuvant 40 Hu cos. &. class evidnct i i can be associated with a con lat attributed to & inge Group of people, not a source uy a high degree singu. soure: urtainty - &) filers, hair (wlo a &) DNA, fingerprints follielar tag ) % trom evidone - awwidinu transterred during tu eonmmissian of a erimu- oo Ty first respondlr on tho scent, pepsi polis offiair, must 187 unsure Hy sakity of all individuals at #he scene , then presarut widinee “tt sco. The restrict access to thy SUnt, kesp o Sicure (0g of all individuals on scent, collict partinant information , any addlitioned nuds 5DP g 9. standard referencs sample. -sphysicat wviaunee whose origin is © noun, such as blood of hair from a suspect, thot can bt earnpared! to crime - scant evidlunc. 10.0. pitts get actual induntions lett in soft material, such os clay, putty, or wox. ». patent fingerprint ~ visible prints left on smooth surfaws whin blood, ink, or SOME liguiol eomsS into contoct w/ hands ¢. latent fingerprint Jpidain print caused by the transfer of oils or other body steretions onto a. surface. Ul. () Wiphydria- good on paper, ninhydrin is sprayed onto tw surfacr and duuslops into o, bluish-purple print- (a) Cyanoaenylate fuming (supergiua fuming) - good on plastic, metal, gloss, # sicin. Sample luaded in'a vopor tert, Guutlops into a white rint: lel gute nitrate “good on wood & styrofoam, ohject is sprayed w/ silutr nitrate, clivwlops into a reddlish- brown print 4) Joding Puming: 9004 on poper, cardbood , ¢ unpainteok surfaus, evidines placid in container w/ solid iodiry, oliwsicps into, 0. brown int: 3) flock count, rognatio powder, funrescant cunt odtures +o cils in +h fingtaprint 18 G) Loops - U5% of general populatian & (2) whorls - 30% of general population G) arehss - 5% of genurad population AX 13. minutige- ridge chameteristies, such as biPurcocions, islands, enclosures that create unigue Pingerprints 4. To do a ridge count, drow a straight line from the core to delta, Then Court the number of ridges the line touches19988284277 winv gograph com Sec Iw. (1 anagen- active growth phase of hair, lasts Pram 2-Le years - transitional phost of hair, hair rests, losts Z weeks (3 telogen- dormont phase of hair , hair con fall out at the endl cf this ‘hose ona the follicle actively starts growing hair again, lasts \-4 months - @) rm cuticle quticle - transparent; auter- layer of hair, — medulla mode of ever lgping scales : cortex - largest part of hair shaft, contains pigment granules (melanin) Medulla- Unter core cf thy hair shat 13.0) imbrieate cuticle PREC ~homons only have imbricote cuticles (2) coronel cuticle Eu (3)_spinous, cuticle S225 19. The medulla index is the ratio of the diaruter of tne medulla to the diomuter of the hair shaft. in pumans , the roca is (33 0° less and in animals, it's 0:55.0r greocter 2. 95% ofa fiber evidiner is lost Prom a crime scene, within 24 hours 2t. notural Fibers ~ derived fam plant or animal sources &.Jwool, mohair, cashmere ,SiIk, cotton, jute, hemp, sisal, Flax synthetic fibers -man-maalt Sxoutate, acnylic, metominy nylon , rayon , spand.oy