PTE Academic

Practice Test 2

Part 2: Reading
 Part 2: Reading
The item types included in this part of the test are.

Item type Time allowed

Multiple-choice, choose single answer
Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers
Re-order paragraphs 32-41 minutes
Reading: Fill in the blanks
Reading and writing: Fill in the blanks

The reading section does not have a time limit on a per question basis. When you practice,
be aware of the overall time limit and try to complete all the questions within the time limit.

Answers are at the end.

Multiple-choice, choose single answer – Item 1
Live oak was widely used in early American butt Read the text answer the multiple-
shipbuilding. Because of the trees' short height and choice question by selecting the
low-hanging branches, lumber from live oak was correct response. Only one response
specifically used to make curved structural members is correct.
of the hull, such as knee braces (single-piece, inverted
L-shaped braces that spring inward from the side and
support a ship's deck). In such cuts of lumber, the line For which of the following, will you
of the grain would fall perpendicularly to lines of prefer live oak?
stress, creating structures of exceptional strength.
Live oaks were not generally used for planking § Human knee braces
because the curved and often convoluted shape of § Furniture making
the tree did not lend itself to be milled to planking of § Parts of ship hulls
any length. Red oak or white oak was generally used § Planking on vessels
for planking on vessels, as those trees tended to grow § As a substitute for steel hulls
straight and tall and thus would yield straight trunk
sections of length suitable for milling into plank
lengths.

Live oak was largely logged out in Europe by the latter

half of the 19th century and was similarly sought after
and exported from the United States until iron- and
steel-hulled commercial vessel construction became
the standard early in the 20th century. Live oak
lumber is rarely used for furniture due to warping and
twisting while drying.
Multiple-choice, choose single answer – Item 2
The United States was the only industrialized country
that went into the Great Depression of the 1930s with
no social insurance policies in place. In 1935 Franklin
D. Roosevelt's New Deal instituted significant social
insurance policies. In 1938 Congress passed the Fair
Labor Standards Act, limiting the work week to 40
hours and banning child labor for children under 16,
over stiff congressional opposition from the low-wage
South.
Read the text answer the multiple-
choice question by selecting the
correct response. Only one response
is correct.
Which one of the following was not a
challenge in implementing the social
security law?

The Social Security law was very unpopular among § Some sections resisted the
many groups – especially farmers, who resented the additional taxes
additional taxes and feared they would never be § Ensuring equal access to
made good. They lobbied hard for exclusion. healthcare was not trivial
Furthermore, the Treasury realized how difficult it § Payroll deduction was not easy for
would be to set up payroll deduction plans for several types of workers
farmers, for housekeepers who employed maids, and § Federal-state structure made it
for non-profit groups; therefore, they were excluded. impossible to include all
State employees were excluded for constitutional employees
reasons (the federal government in the United States § Payroll deduction was difficult to
cannot tax state governments). Federal employees be set up for non-profit groups
were also excluded. Many textbooks, however, falsely
indicate that the exclusions were the product of
southern racial hostility toward blacks; there is no
evidence of that in the record.

By 2013 the U.S. remained the only major industrial

state without a uniform national sickness program.
American spending on health care (as percent of GDP)
is the highest in the world, but it is a complex mix of
federal, state, philanthropic, employer and individual
funding. The US spent 16% of its GDP on health care
in 2008, compared to 11% in France in second place.
Multiple-choice, choose single answer – Item 3
A tea sandwich also referred to as finger sandwich, is
a small prepared sandwich meant to be eaten at
afternoon teatime to stave off hunger until the main
meal.
Read the text answer the multiple-
choice question by selecting the
correct response. Only one response
is correct.

The tea sandwich may take a number of different

forms, but should be easy to handle, and should be Which of the following is not a
capable of being eaten in two or three bites. It may be characteristic of a tea sandwich?
a long, narrow sandwich, a triangular half-sandwich,
or a small biscuit. It may also be cut into other § It should be consumable in two or
decorative shapes with a cookie cutter. three bites
§ The bread crust is removed before
The bread is traditionally white, thinly sliced, and serving
buttered. The bread crust is cut away cleanly from the § Fillings used should be light
sandwich after the sandwich has been prepared but § Fillings often include fresh
before serving. Modern bread variations might vegetables
include wheat, pumpernickel, sour dough or rye § It should always be triangular in
bread. The bread used for preparing finger shape
sandwiches is sometimes referred to as sandwich
bread.

Fillings are light and are "dainty" or "delicate" in

proportion to the amount of bread. Spreads might
include butter, cream cheese or mayonnaise mixtures,
and the sandwiches often feature fresh vegetables
such as radishes, olives, cucumber, asparagus, or
watercress. The cucumber tea sandwich in particular
is considered the quintessential tea sandwich. Other
popular tea sandwich fillings include tomatoes,
pimento cheese, ham with mustard, smoked salmon,
fruit jam, curried chicken, fish paste, and egg salad.
Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers – Item 1
Wrestling represents one of the oldest forms of
combat. The origins of wrestling go back 15,000 years
through cave drawings in France. Babylonian and
Egyptian reliefs show wrestlers using most of the
holds known in the present-day sport. Literary
references to it occur as early as in the ancient Indian
Vedas. The Iliad contains references, in which Homer
recounts the Trojan War of the 13th or 12th century
BC. Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata contain
references to martial arts including wrestling. In
ancient Greece wrestling occupied a prominent place
in legend and literature; wrestling competition, brutal
in many aspects, served as the focal sport of the
ancient Olympic Games. The ancient Romans
borrowed heavily from Greek wrestling, but
eliminated much of its brutality.
During the Middle Ages wrestling remained popular
and enjoyed the patronage of many royal families,
including those of France, Japan and England.
Early European settlers in America brought a strong
wrestling tradition with them if they came from
England. The settlers also found wrestling to be
popular among Native Americans. Amateur wrestling
flourished throughout the early years of the North
American colonies and served as a popular activity at §
country fairs, holiday celebrations, and in military
exercises. The first organized national wrestling
tournament took place in New York City in 1888, and
wrestling has been an event at every modern Olympic
Games since the 1904 games in St. Louis, Missouri.
The international governing body for the sport, United
World Wrestling (UWW), was established in 1912 in
Antwerp, Belgium as the International Federation of
Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA). The 1st NCAA
Wrestling Championships were also held in 1912, in
Ames, Iowa. USA Wrestling, located in Colorado
Springs, Colorado, became the national governing
body of amateur wrestling in 1983. It conducts
competitions for all age-levels.
Read the text answer the multiple-
choice question by selecting all
correct responses. More than one
response is correct.
Based on the information in the text,
which of the following are correct
statements?
§ Wrestling has been popular since
ancient times.
§ Wrestling was most popular in
ancient India compared to other
regions such as France.
§ The ancient epics such as Iliad,
Ramayana and Mahabharata
contain several stories about
wrestling.
§ Wrestling enjoyed the patronage
of several royal families in the
middle ages.
§ Amateur wrestling flourished in
the world mainly due to the
efforts of the American
federations.
Roman wrestling and Greek
wrestling are exactly similar with
hardly any differences.
§ Organized wrestling events
started happening towards the
end of 19th century.
Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers – Item 2
A harmonica reed is a flat elongated spring typically
made of brass, stainless steel, or bronze, which is
secured at one end over a slot that serves as an
airway. When the free end is made to vibrate by the
player's air, it alternately blocks and unblocks the
airway to produce sound.
Reeds are pre-tuned to individual pitches. Tuning may
involve changing a reeds length, the weight near its
free end, or the stiffness near its fixed end. Longer,
heavier and springier reeds produce deeper, lower
sounds; shorter, lighter and stiffer reeds make higher-
pitched sounds. If, as on most modern harmonicas, a
reed is affixed above or below its slot rather than in
the plane of the slot, it responds more easily to air
flowing in the direction that initially would push it into
the slot, i.e., as a closing reed. This difference in
response to air direction makes it possible to include
both a blow reed and a draw reed in the same air
chamber and to play them separately without relying
on flaps of plastic or leather (valves, wind-savers) to
block the nonplaying reed.
An important technique in performance is bending:
causing a drop in pitch by making embouchure
adjustments. It is possible to bend isolated reeds, as
on chromatic and other harmonica models with wind-
savers, but also to both lower, and raise (overbend,
overblow, overdraw) the pitch produced by pairs of
reeds in the same chamber, as on a diatonic or other
unvalved harmonica. Such two-reed pitch changes
actually involve sound production by the normally
silent reed, the opening reed (for instance, the blow
reed while the player is drawing).
Read the text answer the multiple-
choice question by selecting all
correct responses. More than one
response is correct.
Which of the following statements
about harmonica reeds are not
correct?
§ A reed is almost like a spring
which produces sound by blocking
and unblocking air blown in by the
player.
§ Reeds can be tuned to different
pitches quickly during the
performance.
§ To produce a deeper sound you
should use a smaller and lighter
reed.
§ Reeds are usually affixed above or
below their slots.
§ Each reed requires its own
isolated chamber to produce the
best sound.
§ For higher pitch sound you require
stiff and light reeds.
§ Modern reeds can be made of
several materials such as steel and
tungsten.
Multiple-choice, choose multiple answers – Item 3
The original use of the term 'informal sector’ is
attributed to the economic development model put
forward by W. Arthur Lewis, used to describe
employment or livelihood generation primarily within
the developing world. It was used to describe a type
of employment that was viewed as falling outside of
the modern industrial sector. An alternative definition
uses job security as the measure of formality, defining
participants in the informal economy as those "who
do not have employment security, work security and
social security". While both of these definitions imply
a lack of choice or agency in involvement with the
informal economy, participation may also be driven
by a wish to avoid regulation or taxation. This may
manifest as unreported employment, hidden from the
state for tax, social security or labour law purposes,
but legal in all other aspects. Edgar L. Feige has
proposed a taxonomy for describing unobserved
economies including the informal economy as being
characterized by some form of non-compliant
behavior with an institutional set of rules. Feige
argues that circumvention of labor market regulations
specifying minimum wages, working conditions, social
security, unemployment and disability benefits gives
rise to an informal economy that deprives some
workers of deserved benefits while conveying
undeserved benefits to others.
The term is also useful in describing and accounting
for forms of shelter or living arrangements that are
similarly unlawful, unregulated, or not afforded
protection of the state. 'Informal economy' is
increasingly replacing 'informal sector' as the
preferred descriptor for this activity.
Read the text answer the multiple-
choice question by selecting all
correct responses. More than one
response is correct.
Which of the following jobs would fall
under the definition of “informal
sector”?
§ An accountant working at a
national firm
§ A cleaner who only works when
called by the hotel staff
§ A grocery store clerk who gets
paid in cash and is not reported in
the tax statement by the store
owner
§ A part time teacher making the
minimum teaching wage at a state
school
§ An engineer who’s paid a salary
after the deduction of tax by his
employer
§ A construction worker who gets
paid what the supervisor feels
right at the end of the job
§ A non profit worker who had to
sign a legal agreement in
accordance with the labor market
requirements
Re-order paragraphs – Item 1
The text boxes in the left panel have been placed in a random order. Restore the original
order by dragging the text boxes from the left panel to the right panel.

This advertising practice has been significantly criticized

by privacy advocates due to concerns over unlimited data
retention, and the potential for Google to change its
policies to further decrease privacy by combining
information with other Google data usage.
Google's mail servers automatically scan emails for
multiple purposes, including to filter spam and malware,
and to add context-sensitive advertisements next to
emails.
In June 2017, Google announced the upcoming end to the
use of contextual Gmail content for advertising purposes,
relying instead on data gathered from use of its other
services.

Google has stated that email users must "necessarily

expect" their emails to be subject to automated
processing, and claims that the service refrains from
displaying ads next to potentially sensitive messages.

The company has been the subject of lawsuits concerning

the issues.
Re-order paragraphs – Item 2
The text boxes in the left panel have been placed in a random order. Restore the original
order by dragging the text boxes from the left panel to the right panel.

At these events and at meetings organized by groups of angels

companies pitch directly to investor in face-to-face meetings.

Because there are no public exchanges listing their securities,

private companies meet angel investors in several ways,
including referrals from the investors' trusted sources and other
business contacts; and at investor conferences and symposia.

These include wanting to keep abreast of current developments

in a particular business arena, mentoring another generation of
entrepreneurs, and making use of their experience and
networks on a less than full-time basis.

Thus, in addition to funds, angel investors can often provide

valuable management advice and important contacts.

Angel investors are often retired entrepreneurs or executives,

who may be interested in angel investing for reasons that go
beyond pure monetary return.
Re-order paragraphs – Item 3
The text boxes in the left panel have been placed in a random order. Restore the original
order by dragging the text boxes from the left panel to the right panel.

The information of alleged wrongdoing can be classified in

many ways: violation of company policy/rules, law,
regulation, or threat to public interest/national security,
as well as fraud, and corruption.

Those who become whistleblowers can choose to bring

information or allegations to surface either internally or
externally.

A whistleblower is a person who exposes any kind of

information or activity that is deemed illegal, unethical, or
not correct within an organization that is either private or
public.

Externally, a whistleblower can bring allegations to light

by contacting a third party outside of an accused
organization such as the media, government, law
enforcement, or those who are concerned.

Internally, a whistleblower can bring his/her accusations

to the attention of other people within the accused
organization such as an immediate supervisor.
Reading: Fill in the blanks – Item 1
In the text below some words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the
appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box
below the text.

Wet tropical forests are the most species-rich biome, and tropical forests in the Americas are __________
more species rich than the wet forests in Africa and Asia. As the largest tract of tropical rainforest in the
Americas, the Amazonian rainforests have _________ biodiversity. One in ten known species in the world
lives in the Amazon rainforest. This __________ the largest _________ of living plants and animal species
in the world.

cultivation consistently produces collection undivided

unparalleled constitutes
Reading: Fill in the blanks – Item 2
In the text below some words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the
appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box
below the text.

Chocolate syrup is also used to top puddings and cakes. Some restaurants use an artistic _______ of
chocolate syrup to decorate _______ of cheesecake or cake, along with other __________ such as cocoa
powder, powdered sugar or chocolate shavings. Some brands of chocolate syrup are _______ as
chocolate milk syrup. Other brands are marketed as ice cream sundae _______.

presentation decorations consumed servings toppings

distributions drizzling marketed

Reading: Fill in the blanks – Item 3
In the text below some words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the
appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box
below the text.

Drizzle tends to be the most ________ form of precipitation over large areas of the world's oceans,
particularly in the colder regions of the subtropics. These regions are _________ by trade
wind cumulus clouds, which exist entirely within the marine boundary layer. Despite the low rates of
surface _________, it has become apparent that drizzle actually exerts a major influence over the cloud
_________, coverage, and radiative properties in these regions. This has motivated scientists to design
more ___________, sensitive instruments such as high frequency radars that can detect drizzle.

frequent structure dominated popular sophisticated

complicated properties accumulation

Reading: Fill in the blanks – Item 4
In the text below some words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the
appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box
below the text.

A short time later the Automatic Enunciator Company was ________ in Chicago in order to market the new
device, and a series of promotional installations followed. In August 1912 a large outdoor _______ was made
at a water carnival held in Chicago. Seventy-two loudspeakers were strung in pairs at forty-foot ________
along the docks, _______ a total of one-half mile of grandstands. The system was used to _________ race
reports and descriptions and provide music between races.

distances announce installation spanning discussed

publish intervals incorporated

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks – Item 1

Below is a text with blanks. Click on each blank, a list of choices will appear. Select the
appropriate answer choice for each blank.

The name teddy bear comes from former United States President Theodore Roosevelt, who
was commonly known as "Teddy, though he _______being referred to as such. The name
originated from an incident on a bear hunting trip in Mississippi in November 1902, to which
Roosevelt was invited by Mississippi Governor Andrew H. Longino. There were several other
hunters ________ and most of them had already killed an animal. A suite of Roosevelt's
attendants, led by Holt Collier, cornered, clubbed, and tied an American black bear to a
willow tree after a long _________ chase with hounds. They called Roosevelt to the site and
suggested that he should shoot it. He refused to shoot the bear himself, deeming this
unsportsmanlike, but instructed that the bear be killed to put it out of its misery, and it
became the topic of a political cartoon by Clifford Berryman in The Washington Post on
November 16, 1902. While the initial cartoon of an adult black bear lassoed by a handler
and a disgusted Roosevelt had __________ overtones, later issues of that and other
Berryman cartoons made the bear smaller and cuter.

Morris Michtom saw the drawing of Roosevelt and was inspired to create a teddy bear. He
created a tiny soft bear cub and put it in the shop window with a sign "Teddy's bear," after
sending a bear to Roosevelt and receiving __________ to use his name. The toys were an
immediate success and Michtom founded the Ideal Novelty and Toy Co.

Gap 1 Gap 2 Gap 3

o loved o committing o exhausting
o loathed o competing o exhaustive
o labelled o complaining o exhilarating
o lamented o commemorating o expediated
Gap 4 Gap 5 o
o symmetrical o permission
o instructional o promotion
o emotional o orders
o symbolic o instructions
Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks – Item 2

Below is a text with blanks. Click on each blank, a list of choices will appear. Select the
appropriate answer choice for each blank.

Throughout history, the most important has been the division into surgical and internal
medicine ________. The surgical specialties are the specialties in which an important part of
diagnosis and treatment is achieved through major surgical __________. The internal
medicine specialties are the specialties in which the main diagnosis and treatment is never
major surgery. In some countries Anesthesiology is classified as a surgical ________, since it
is vital in the surgical process, though anesthesiologists never perform major surgery
themselves.

Many specialties are organ-based. Many symptoms and diseases come from a particular
organ. Others are based mainly around a set of techniques, such as radiology, which was
originally based around X-rays.

The age range of patients seen by any given specialist can be quite variable. Paediatricians
handle most complaints and diseases in children that do not require surgery, and there are
several subspecialties (formally or informally) in paediatrics that mimic the organ-based
specialties in adults. Paediatric surgery may or may not be a separate specialty that handles
some kinds of surgical complaints in children.

A further subdivision is the _________ versus therapeutic specialties. While the diagnostic
process is of great importance in all specialties, some specialists perform mainly or only
diagnostic examinations, such as pathology, clinical neurophysiology, and radiology. This
line is becoming somewhat blurred with interventional radiology, an evolving field that uses
image expertise to perform minimally invasive procedures.

Gap 1 Gap 2 Gap 3

o symptoms o techniques o doctrine
o specialties o innovations o philosophy
o theories o inventions o discipline
o treatments o modifications o issue
Gap 4
o diagnosis
o examination
o medicinal
o diagnostic
Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks – Item 3

Below is a text with blanks. Click on each blank, a list of choices will appear. Select the
appropriate answer choice for each blank.

The concept of universal suffrage, also known as general suffrage or common suffrage,
consists of the right to vote of all except a small number of adult citizens. As minors are
generally excluded, the concept is frequently described as universal adult suffrage. Many
countries make an ________ for small numbers of adults that are considered mentally
incapable of voting. Other countries also exclude people convicted of serious crimes or
people in jail, but this is considered a violation of a basic human right in an increasing
number of countries. In some countries, including the United States, it is very difficult and
_________ for convicted criminals to regain this right even after having served their jail
sentence, but U.S voting laws are not national, but subject to federalism so some states
have more lenient voting laws. In any case, where universal suffrage exists, the right to vote
is not ________ by race, sex, belief, wealth, or social status.

Although it took or is taking a long time in many countries before women got or get the
right to run for office even after getting the right to vote, there are still no commonly used
clear terms to differentiate between these different rights. It is therefore usually best to
avoid the little known and ________ terms used to make this distinction and to instead
clearly say whether one is referring to only men or also women having only the right to vote
or also the right to run for office. It is important to be careful in reading and using the term
universal suffrage because it historically referred to only all adult males and even today is
often used to refer to historical or _________ situations in which women had or have the
right to vote but not to run for office.

Gap 1 Gap 2 Gap 3

o exemption o expensive o respected
o extension o invasive o referred
o accession o intensive o restricted
o exception o extensive o retaliated
Gap 4 Gap 5
o ambitious o conditional
o ambivalent o continuing
o aggressive o contemporary
o appropriate o customary
Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks – Item 4

Below is a text with blanks. Click on each blank, a list of choices will appear. Select the
appropriate answer choice for each blank.

Smithson reportedly chose the Rozel Point site based on the blood-red color of the water
and its connection with the primordial sea. The red hue of the water is due to the
_________of salt-tolerant bacteria and algae that thrive in the extreme 27 percent salinity
of the lake's north arm, which was isolated from freshwater sources by the building of a
causeway by the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1959.

Smithson was reportedly _________to the Rozel Point site because of the stark anti-
pastoral beauty and industrial remnants from nearby Golden Spike National Historic Site, as
well as an old pier and a few unused oil rigs. While observing the _________ of the piece
from a helicopter, Smithson reportedly remarked "et in Utah ego" as a counterpoint to the
pastoral Baroque painting et in Arcadia ego by Nicolas Poussin.

To move the rock into the lake, Smithson hired Bob Phillips of nearby Ogden, Utah, who
used two dump trucks, a large tractor, and a front end loader to haul the 6,650 tons of rock
and earth into the lake. It is reported that Smithson had a difficult time __________a
contractor to accept the unusual proposal. Spiral Jetty was the first of his pieces to require
the acquisition of land rights and earthmoving equipment.

He began work on the jetty in April 1970. The work was actually constructed twice; the first
time requiring six days. After _________the result for two days, Smithson called the crew
back and had the shape altered to its present configuration, an effort requiring moving
7,000 tons of basalt rock during an additional three days.

Gap 1 Gap 2 Gap 3

o prominence o been attracted o construction
o presence o attractive o consecration
o prevalence o attracted o concentration
o protection o have been attracted o consumption
Gap 4 Gap 5
o convinced o contemplating
o to convince o condemning
o to convincing o concluding
o convincing o completing
Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks – Item 5

Below is a text with blanks. Click on each blank, a list of choices will appear. Select the
appropriate answer choice for each blank.

Before takeoff, the ball is brought to the abdomen and then the windmill motion is started
by moving the ball below the waist _______to the length of the player's fully extended arm.
Then following the rotation of the outstretch arm, the ball is moved in a circular motion,
typically moving from the front towards the back, and then slammed through the rim.
Although, due to _________, many players are unable to palm the ball through the entire
windmill motion, the dunk is often completed with one-hand as centripetal force allows the
player to guide the ball with only their dunking hand. In some instances sticky resins or
powders may be applied to the palm, these are thought to improve grip and prevent loss of
possession. Amongst players, subtle_________ in the direction of the windmill depend on
bodily orientation at takeoff and also jumping style in relation to dominant hand.

There are a number of variations on the windmill, the most common being the
aforementioned one- or two-hand variants. In these cases, the windmill motion may be
performed with the previously discussed one-arm technique and finished with one- or two-
hands, or the player may control the ball with two hands, with both arms performing the
windmill motion_________ with one or both hands. Additionally, the ball may be cuffed
between the hand and the forearm—generally with the dominant hand. The cuff technique
provides better ball security, allowing for a faster windmill motion and increased force
exerted on the basket at finish, with either one or both hands. Using the cuffing method,
players are also afforded the opportunity of performing the windmill motion towards the
front a technique _________ by French athlete Kadour Ziani when he pioneered his
trademark double-windmill.

Gap 1 Gap 2 Gap 3

o in accordance o momentum o variables
o according o momentous o variety
o accorded o movement o variations
o in according o motion o variability
Gap 4 Gap 5
o finished o exploited
o been finishing o explored
o had finished o exhibited
o finishing o extended
PTE Academic
Practice Test 2
Answers

Part 2: Reading
Multiple choice, choose single answer – Item 1
Option 3

Multiple choice, choose single answer – Item 2

Option 2

Multiple choice, choose single answer – Item 3

Option 5

Multiple choice, choose multiple answers – Item 1

Option 1, 4, 7

Multiple choice, choose multiple answers – Item 2

Option 2, 3, 5

Multiple choice, choose multiple answers – Item 3

Option 2, 3, 6

Re-order paragraphs – Item 1

Google's mail servers automatically scan emails for multiple purposes, including to filter
spam and malware, and to add context-sensitive advertisements next to emails.

This advertising practice has been significantly criticized by privacy advocates due to
concerns over unlimited data retention, and the potential for Google to change its policies
to further decrease privacy by combining information with other Google data usage.

The company has been the subject of lawsuits concerning the issues.

Google has stated that email users must "necessarily expect" their emails to be subject to
automated processing, and claims that the service refrains from displaying ads next to
potentially sensitive messages.

In June 2017, Google announced the upcoming end to the use of contextual Gmail content
for advertising purposes, relying instead on data gathered from use of its other services.

Re-order paragraphs – Item 2

Angel investors are often retired entrepreneurs or executives, who may be interested in
angel investing for reasons that go beyond pure monetary return.

These include wanting to keep abreast of current developments in a particular business

arena, mentoring another generation of entrepreneurs, and making use of their experience
and networks on a less than full-time basis.

Thus, in addition to funds, angel investors can often provide valuable management advice
and important contacts.
Because there are no public exchanges listing their securities, private companies meet angel
investors in several ways, including referrals from the investors' trusted sources and other
business contacts; and at investor conferences and symposia.

At these events and at meetings organized by groups of angels companies pitch directly to
investor in face-to-face meetings.

Re-order paragraphs – Item 3

A whistleblower is a person who exposes any kind of information or activity that is deemed
illegal, unethical, or not correct within an organization that is either private or public.

The information of alleged wrongdoing can be classified in many ways: violation of company
policy/rules, law, regulation, or threat to public interest/national security, as well as fraud,
and corruption.

Those who become whistleblowers can choose to bring information or allegations to surface
either internally or externally.

Internally, a whistleblower can bring his/her accusations to the attention of other people
within the accused organization such as an immediate supervisor.

Externally, a whistleblower can bring allegations to light by contacting a third party outside
of an accused organization such as the media, government, law enforcement, or those who
are concerned.

Reading Fill in the blanks – Item 1

consistently, unparalleled, constitutes, collection

Reading Fill in the blanks – Item 2

drizzling, servings, decorations, marketed, toppings

Reading Fill in the blanks – Item 3

frequent, dominated, accumulation, structure, sophisticated

Reading Fill in the blanks – Item 4

incorporated, installation, intervals, spanning, announce

Reading & writing Fill in the blanks – Item 1

loathed, competing, exhausting, symbolic, permission

Reading & writing Fill in the blanks – Item 2

specialties, techniques, discipline, diagnostic

Reading & writing Fill in the blanks – Item 3

exception, expensive, restricted, ambivalent, contemporary

Reading & writing Fill in the blanks – Item 4

presence, attracted, construction, convincing, contemplating

Reading & writing Fill in the blanks – Item 5

according, momentum, variations, finishing, exploited