CHAPTER- 4

ALTERNATIVE CENTRES OF POWER

SUB-TOPICS:

 European Union
 ASEAN
 The Rise Of The Chinese Economy
 India-China Relations

COMMON ERRORS COMMITTED BY STUDENTS:

1. Students confuse the Timeline of European Integration.
2. Students write Communalism instead of Communism in the context of China.
3. Do not understand the meaning of China’s Duality.

HOW TO DEAL WITH THOSE ERRORS?

1. Written practice of Timeline required.
2. Emphasis has to be laid on giving example of the Communist Party of China for students to
remember.
3. Duality or Two-Fold policy of China can be compared with Shock Therapy of Soviet Union.

SECTION A: 1 MARK QUESTIONS

1. What are Global Public Goods?

2. What is the significance of the Schengen Agreement?

3. Fill in the blanks:

The collapse of the --------------------put Europe on the fast track and resulted in the formation of
the EU in ----------------------.

4. Who adopted the Open Door Policy in China?

5. What do OEEC and EEC stand for?

6. What does the circle with Golden Stars on the EU flag stand for?

7. What do you understand by Marshall Plan?

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8. Mention any two events that have brought cordiality in Indo-Chinese relations.

9. Name any one country of Asia ruled by the Communist Party.

10. Which two Asian countries consider themselves as the emerging global powers?

SECTION B: TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. What are the elements of the modernization programme in China? When and who initiated
the programme?

2. Highlight any two major drawbacks of the changed Chinese economic system.

3. Mention the members of EU.

4. Name two old and two new members of EU.

5. What are the objectives of ASEAN Economic Community?

6. Mention the full form of ASEAN and its members.

7. Evaluate any two steps taken by the Chinese government to open its economy to the world.

SECTION C: FOUR MARKS QUESTIONS

1. “The EU is more a nation state than an Economic Union”. Justify.

2. What is the’ ASEAN way’? Explain the three pillars of the ASEAN.

3. “ASEAN was and still remains principally an economic association.”Justify.

4. What are the limitations of the EU to act as a cohesive group in foreign relations and
defense?

5. Explain the impact of Communist Revolution on China.

6.” The EU plays an important role in international relations.” Explain the statement.

7. What do the EU and ASEAN flag symbolize?

8. When was the EU formed? How has it evolved as an economic and political union?

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9. Explain the circumstances that forced the Tibetans to leave China. Highlight India’s role in
helping the Tibetan refugees.

10. Mention any four factors that led to the rise of the Chinese economy.

SECTION D: FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Study the cartoon and answer the following questions:

(i) The given cartoon is related to which country?

ii) Which two symbols in this cartoon helps in identifying the country?

iii) What message does this cartoon convey to the world?

iv) Where does the cartoon place the related country in the international power politics?

2. Study the cartoon and answer the following questions:

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i) What does the cartoon represent?

ii) Name the policy that is being represented in the cartoon.

iii) What does the term ‘competition’ refer in the cartoon?

iv)’We’ll have to get used to it “.What does it denote?

3. Map Based Question:

On a political outline map of the World, locate and label the following .

a) An older member of the EU between Portugal and France.

b) An older member near Belgium and Netherlands.

c) The four new members of EU. Symbolise with 1,2,3,4.

d) The four old members of EU. Symbolise with 5,6,7,8.

Answers

I) Spain

ii) Germany

iii) 1-Estonia

2-Poland

3-Hungary

4-Lithuania

iv) 5-Finland

6-Denmark

7-Austria

8-Ireland

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 SECTION E: SIX MARKS QUESTIONS
1. What is the status of Sino Indian relations since 1988?

2. Examine the impact of new economic policies on China.

3. Examine the areas of conflict and cooperation in Sino-Indian relations.

4. It is easier to have regional organizations with economic agenda rather than with a political
agenda. In the light of the above statement draw a comparison between the role played by the
EU and ASEAN.

5. Introduction of market economy encourages economic growth but the benefits do not
percolate to the lower strata of society. In the light of the above statement, explain the impact
of market forces, SEZ on China.

6. Analyse any three factors responsible for the EU to be a highly influential regional
organization.

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 CHAPTER- 5

CONTEMPORARY SOUTH ASIA

SUB-TOPICS:

 What is South Asia?

 The Military And Democracy in Pakistan
 Democracy in Bangladesh
 Monarchy And Democracy In Nepal
 Ethnic Conflict And Democracy In Sri Lanka
 India-Pakistan Conflicts
 India And Its Other Neighbors
 Peace And Cooperation

COMMON ERRORS COMMITTED BY STUDENTS:

1. Do not read and learn the Captions given below each Cartoon/Picture.
2. Students get confused while writing Monarchy and Constitutional Monarchy.

HOW TO DEAL WITH THOSE ERRORS?

1. Interpretation and reading of each Cartoon with the Caption is mandatory.

2. Examples can be stated of Colonial Britain for Monarchy and France for Constitutional
Monarchy.

SECTION A: ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1. Mention the nations that belong to the South Asian region.

2. Give the significance of Tashkent Agreement.

3. Mention the SAARC members.

4. Write about the inception of SAARC.

5. List three challenges to democracy in Nepal.

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6. Mention the full form of SAFTA and SAARC.What was the basic reason for the formation of
SAARC?

7. Which countries signed the Farakka Agreement?

8. What have been the two main hurdles in the path of establishing democratic governments in
Pakistan?

9. Who took over the reins of administration in his hands after Mujibur Rehman’s
administration?

10. State any one issue that has strained the relationship between India and Pakistan.

11. Fill in the blanks:

The SAFTA was signed by the members of ----------------- in the year -------------------------.

SECTION B: TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. India’s neighbors often think that the Indian government tries to dominate and interfere in
the domestic affairs of the smaller countries of the region. Is this a correct impression?

2. What are the factors which prevent a stable democracy in Pakistan?

3. Suggest any two measures to have cordial relations with Pakistan.

4. Match the following:

A B

1. Landlocked country with multi party competition a. Maldives

2. Centrally located and shares borders with most. b.Pakistan

3. The island had a sultan as its head, now a republic. c. India

4. Military has prevailed over democracy. d. Bhutan

SECTION C: FOUR MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Examine the struggle for democracy in Nepal.

2. “Military rule and democracy are the two sides of the same coin in Pakistan.”Explain.
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3. Explain the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka.What has been India’s response to this conflict?

4. Examine the role of military rule in Pakistani politics.

5. What are the objectives of SAARC?

6. Bangladesh presents a mixed record of democracy and dictatorship. Explain this statement.

7. Democracy is becoming the first choice of the people of South Asia. Comment.

SECTION D: FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Study the cartoon and answer the following questions.

i) What does the cartoon represent?

ii) What does the equation speak about?

iii)”I’m always good at calculations.”What does this represent?

2. Study the picture and answer the following questions.

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i) Who made the painting and when?

ii) What is the title of the painting?

iii) Mention any three kinds of conflict in the South Asian region.

3.Study the cartoon and answer the following questions.

i) What does the cartoon represent?

ii) Which animals represent Sinhala and LTTE?

iii) Interpret the role of the leader in the cartoon.

SECTION E: SIX MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Explain India’s role in SAARC.

2. What is meant by SAFTA? When was it formed?

3. Explain the factors responsible for Pakistan’s failure in building a stable economy.

4. Explain the areas of conflict and cooperation in Indo-Pak relations.

5. Examine the area of conflict and cooperation in India’s relation with Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri
Lanka and Bhutan.

6. Examine the achievements and limitations of SAARC.

7. Mention the member of SAARC.When was it formed? What are the provisions of SAARC?
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8. India has fought wars with Pakistan and China. Can it be interpreted as India’s intention for
regional hegemony? Give reasons for your answer.

9. How did India get affected by the ethnic problem in Sri Lanka?

10. Dictatorship in Pakistan has yielded more benefits nationally and internationally than
democracy. Do you agree? Give examples to justify your viewpoint.

11. How have the Monarch, the Maoists and the Communists presented a challenge to Multi
Party democracy in Nepal?

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 CHAPTER- 6

INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION

SUB-TOPICS:

 Why International Organizations?

 Evolution Of The UN
 Reform Of The UN After The Cold War
 Reform Of Structures And Processes
 Jurisdiction Of The UN
 India And The UN Reforms
 The UN In A Unipolar World

COMMON ERRORS COMMITTED BY STUDENTS:

1. Students are not clear on the role of various agencies of the UN; need to thoroughly learn the
boxes given in the textbook.

2. Need to be well versed in UN SEC GENS for even an objective question based on them.

HOW TO DEAL WITH THOSE ERRORS?

1. Memorization of boxes required.

MAP WORK IS NOW ALSO BASED ON TEXT, HENCE THOROUGH READING OF THE NCERT BOOK
IS REQUIRED TO SCORE FULL MARKS.

SECTION- A: ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1. What is Peace Keeping Operations?

2. “An international organization is not a super state with authority over its members.”Justify.

3. Who is the current Secretary General of the UN?

4. When is the UN day celebrated?

5. Name the five permanent members of the UN.

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6. Fill in the blanks:

The UN was formed as a -------------------------- to the League of Nations in ----------------------.

7. Correct and rewrite the following statement:

UN was founded on 25 October 1943.

8. Correct and rewrite the following statement:

Eight temporary members of the UN SC are elected by the GA for a period of three years.

SECTION B: TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Describe the two reforms suggested for the UN.

2. What are the aims and objectives of the UN?

3. Why do we need international organizations?

4. What role does WTO play in global trade?

5. Match the following peace keeping operations

A B

1. Cyprus a. 2005

2. Lebanon b.1964

3. Israel c. 1974

4. Sudan d. 1978

SECTION C: FOUR MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Create a timeline of UN Secretary Generals from 1946 onwards.

2. What are the methods used by USA to achieve its aims?

3. What is Veto Power? Should it be abolished or modified?

4. What is the importance of international organizations?

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5. Write short notes on the following:

a) IMF b) World Bank

6. The UN emerged as a successor to the League of Nations which had failed to achieve its
objectives. Explain the statement.

7. What steps should be taken to make the UN more relevant in the changing context?

8. Mention the provisions of the 1992 UN General Assembly Resolution.

9. Mention the features of Millennium Development Goals.

SECTION D: FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The World Bank was created immediately after the Second World War in 1945.Its activities are
focused on the developing countries. It works for human development(education,
health)agriculture and rural development(irrigation-rural services,
environment)protection(pollution reduction, establishing and enforcing
regulations)infrastructure(roads, urban generation, electricity)and governance(anti-corruption,
development of legal institutions).It provide loans and grants to the member countries. In this
way, it exercises enormous influence on the economic policies of developing countries. It is
often criticized for setting the economic agenda of the poorer nations, attaching stringent
conditions to its loans and forcing free market reforms.

i) Where are the activities of the World Bank focused and why?

ii) What are its main functions concerning human and economic development?

iii) Why is it often criticized?

2. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

One of India’s major concerns has been the composition of the SC, which has remained largely
static while the UN General Assembly membership has expanded considerably. India considers
that this has harmed the representative character of the SC.It also argues that an expanded
council, with more representation, will enjoy greater support in the world community.

Critically examine India’s concerns and arguments about the composition of the SC.

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3. Study the cartoon and answer the following questions:

i) What does the cartoon represent?

ii) Who is the person being commented in the cartoon?

iii) What message does the cartoon convey?

4. Study the cartoon and answer the following questions:

i) What does the cartoon represent?

ii) What type of crisis does the cartoon show?

iii) What message does the cartoon convey?

SECTION E: SIX MARKS QUESTIONS

1. On what basis does India claim a permanent seat in the UN Security Council? Mention the
opposition against India’s claim in the UN Security Council.

2. Can the UN serve as a balance against US dominance?

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3. On what grounds does India support the restructuring of the UN?

4. Mention the criteria proposed for a country to be a member of the UN SC.

5. What is India’s role in the UN?

6. UN plays an important role in the uni polar world. Do you agree? Give reasons for your
answer.

7. Does the UN reflect the realities of the contemporary world?

8. Despite India’s significant contribution to the UN, countries are resisting its candidature for
the permanent membership to the UN SC.Elaborate this statement with examples.

9. Critically evaluate the difficulties involved in implementing the suggested reforms to

reconstruct the UN.

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