Calculating crop water

requirement
Crop water requirement

Rate at which soil gives off moisture by evaporation with

the rate at which plants gives off moisture by
transpiration
Evaporation + Transpiration = Evapotranspiration
Source: https://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycleevapotranspiration.html
 1. Crop evapotranspiration

Reference evapotranspiration:
• Calculated for a place based on meteorological data
• Depends on radiation, temperature, humidity, winds speed

Crop Coefficient:
• Incorporates crop characteristics and averaged effects of
evaporation from soil
Source: FAO
 2. Effective Rainfall

Source: FAO
 2. Effective Rainfall

3. Irrigation
water need

4.

Source: FAO
 Step 1: Finding Evapotranspiration
rates

KHARIF SEASON RABI SEASON SUMMER

days 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31

month June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

mm
Eto for Akola 226.4 145.1 127.1 141.1 136.3 112.3 101.1 113.6 135.1 199.4 249.5 317.8

mm/day
7.55 4.68 4.10 4.70 4.40 3.74 3.26 3.66 4.83 6.43 8.32 10.25
 Step 2: Crops coefficient
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Cotton Cotton Cotton Cotton Cotton Cotton Cotton
Harbara Harbara Harbara Harbara
Tur Tur Tur Tur Tur Tur

S.
Fortnights June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
No.
Cotton
1
Water requirement 0.70 0.80 1.10 1.25 0.90 0.80 0.70
Harbara
2
Water requirement 1.00 1.00 0.35 0.35
Tur
3
Water requirement 0.40 0.70 0.80 1.05 1.20 0.75
 Step 3: Effective rainfall

June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

B Mean Monthly Rainfall mm 140.2 232.9 194.4 157.7 35.4 18.00 13.40 10.4 8 9.4 3.9 10

C Effective rainfall mm 87.16 161.32 130.52 101.16 11.24 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0

Source: FAO, http://www.fao.org/docrep/S2022E/s2022e08.htm

 UNIT
S.
DAYS 30 31 31 30 31 30 31 31 28 31 30 31
No.
June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
A Eto for Akola mm 226.40 145.10 127.10 141.10 136.30 112.30 101.10 113.60 135.10 199.40 249.50 317.80
mm/day 7.55 4.68 4.10 4.70 4.40 3.74 3.26 3.66 4.83 6.43 8.32 10.25
B Mean Monthly Rainfall mm 140.2 232.9 194.4 157.7 35.4 18.00 13.40 10.4 8 9.4 3.9 10

C Effective rainfall mm 87.16 161.32 130.52 101.16 11.24 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0

Soybean
Water requirement factor 0.5 1.15 1.15 0.5
Total water requirement mm 113.20 166.87 146.17 70.55
Net Water Requirement 26.04 5.54 15.65 0.00

mm/day 0.87 0.18 0.50 0.00

Daily water requirement
Cotton
Water requirement factor 0.70 0.80 1.10 1.25 0.90 0.80 0.70
1 Total water requirement mm 158.48 116.08 139.81 176.38 122.67 89.84 70.77
Net Water Requirement 71.32 0.00 9.29 75.22 111.43 89.04 70.77
Daily water requirement mm/day 2.38 0.00 0.30 2.51 3.59 2.97 2.28
Harbara
Water requirement mm 1.00 1.00 0.35 0.35
2 Total water requirement 112.30 101.10 39.76 47.29
Net Water Requirement mm/day 111.50 101.10 39.76 47.29
Daily water requirement 3.72 3.26 1.28 1.69
Tur
Water requirement mm 0.40 0.70 0.80 1.05 1.20 0.75
Total water requirement mm 58.04 88.97 112.88 143.12 134.76 75.83
3
Net Water Requirement mm 0.00 0.00 11.72 131.88 133.96 75.83

mm/day 0.00 0.00 0.39 4.25 4.47 2.45

Daily water requirement
mm/day
D Total daily water requirement 2.38 0.00 0.30 2.51 4.25 4.47 3.26 1.28 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total daily water requirement Lt/day
9621 0 1213 10146 17215 18071 13198 5190 6834 0.00 0.00 0.00