Brian Alger Problem 2.7 Prove that the set of Lipschitz continuous functions on [0,1] with Lipschitz constant less than or equal to one and zero integral is compact in C((0, 1). i © Definition 2.15: A function f : X — Ron a metrie space that Lipschitz continuous on X if there is a constant C > 0 such Wee) = FW) SCday) Yew eX © Theorem 2.12 ( Arzela-Ascoli }: Let KC be a compact metric space. A subset of C(iC) is compact if and only if itis closed, bounded, and equicontinuons. © Definition 2.10: Let F be a family of functions from a metric space (X,d) to a metric space (Yd). The family F is equicontinuous if for every x € X and ¢ > 0 there is a6 >0 such that d(z,y) <5 implies d(f(2), f(y) 0 and choose 5 = & > 0. Then if d(r,y) <5 and f © F we have [s@) = Fly)| $ Caley) 0. Then by the pointwise convergence of ,, we have that for all 2 € (0,1) there exists some Ne (which depends on ) such that n> Ny iauplies |gs(.)| < €/2. Now since ya() € C((0,1)) and {0,1] is compact, by Theoret G7 we have that gu(t) is uniformly continuous, thus for the above e there is a 5, > 0 such that if y € (0,5) and jz — 1] < 8, then [yn(2) ~ ga(y)| < €/2. Now let Fy = (e~8,.1-+6,) then using the triangle inequality and ous work above, we see that ify € (0, then \ = sult) + anbell S iguly) ~ gale) + lga(e)l < €f2+€/2 =. vil = laku) Now we will again use the fet tht (0,1) is compact. ‘Thus since [0,1] C U,ejoaif there must exist sone finite subeover L,,.Feay.++4 Try that also covers (0, 1}. Now we can tet V = max{Nayy.-.)Ne.} And since NW no longer relies on sit follows that ga() + 0 uniformly on (0, 1} and consequently Sule) + (2) vniformly, a Soluben by Anclrew Monnet | 2.10 Define C,(R? the space of continuous functions that vanish at infinity (|x| + 00 = |f(z)| + 0). Proof. Let V denote the space of continuous functions that vanish at infinity. Let {4} © Oo(R), FE C,(R?), and f, > f. Then Ve >0 AN such that n> N > |,-f]<2 VeeR". As |x| co, 2¢euppf,. Thus we have |f| 4}. Since f = C,(R?) with respect to the uniform norm, Show that this set is vanishes at infinity, each of these sets is compact. Thus by Urysohn’s Lemma there exist functions g, € Co(R") for each U, with 0< 9, <1 and g,(z)=1 VeeU,. If we define f,(z) = 9,(x)f then it is also the case that f,(z) € C.(R"). Hence we have \f. - S| = lof - | <4 and thus uniform convergence by choosing n big enough so hes, . -Problem 2.12 Solution ‘oy Yvonne Kemper ‘To show that f is continous, we must show that Ye > 0, thete exists 4 > 0 such that [f(x) ~ f(y)] < € whenever [a — yl < 5, Equicontinity gives us that Ye > 0, fy © F, 35 > 0 scl that [fa(e) — Salull < § whenever je = y] <6 Pointwise convergence gives us that Ye > 0, Ye € [0,l], 3Vs such that n> Ne, Male) FEM < § Sinilaly, we cau choose Ny for [fuly) ~ Flyk Let Mi = mast Ne. Ny} Then, pick ¢ > 0, and suppose |r — y! < 4 (6 described above), and n > M. ‘This implies: [ay Fl) < [Ged fale) + fate) ~ < freee aly) + Ufa) ~ Fy) ‘Tins, Le ~ yl <8 |fl2) — fly] <6, 90 f is continuous, LA Shaw tha TR by Tie) beter) 4has no fired point, and IF) - TW) < |e wh forall.e # y€ 8, Why doesn't this example contradict the contraction mapping theorem? Uf x is a fixed point of T(z), then we must have T(r) =x. But em tone) tan“"(x), But tun“!(2) 4 § fore € R, so we camnot havea fixe! point. Now we show the second part, that [P(2) ~ T(y)| < le~ yj for all x # y € R. Notice that