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@ - (EL) British Council - WORD FAMILY Framework (Full) PDF
@ - (EL) British Council - WORD FAMILY Framework (Full) PDF
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
Aa
1
a/an
one/one
of
a/an
det/indefinite
several/one
of
a
set/
article
any
one
2
a/an
per
a/an
det
miles/kilometres
an
hour
abandon
abandon
vT
leave
abandoned
adj
abandon
vT
stop
abandonment
nU
doing
sth
abbreviation
abbreviation
nC
abbreviate
vT
abbreviated
adj
unabbreviated
neg
adj
1
able /ability
able
adj
unable
neg
adj
inability
nU
able-‐bodied
adj
see
capacity
ability
nCU
also
@
body
disabled
adj
disability
nCU
disable
vT
enable
vT
enabled
adj
2
able
skilled
able
adj
inability
nU
to
the
best
of
one’s
ability
nCU
ability/abilities
abnormal
see
also
abnormal
neg
adj
abnormality
nC
@
normal
abnormally
neg
adv
aboard
see
also
@
aboard
adv/prep
2
board
abolish
abolish
vT
abolition
nU
1
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
about
about
prep
approximately
3
about
here
and
about
adv
there,
around
4
about
adj/be
about
about
adj/be
about
to
do
sth
on
the
to
do
sth
point
of
above
above
prep/adv
above
adj
above
all
higher
mentioned
above
board
adj
see
1
above
prep
more
previously
also
@
board
than
be
above
one
abreast
see
also
@
abreast
adj
be/keep
abreast
of
breast
abroad
abroad
adv
go
abroad
abrupt
sudden
abruptly
adv
abrupt
adj
abruptness
nU
2
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
abstract
abstract
adj
abstraction
nU
abstract
nC
painting,
etc
in
the
abstract
absurd
absurd
adj
absurdity
nC
absurdly
adv
abundance
see
also
abundance
nU
abundantly
adv
@
abound
abundant
adj
in
abundance
abuse
abuse
nCU
abuse
vT
abusive
adj
abusively
adv
5
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
across
across
adv,
prep
across
adv,
prep
on
from
one
side
to
the
the
other/opposite
other
side
1
act
do
sth,
sth
act
nC
sth
done
take
action
done/active/
act
vI
do
sth
in/out
of
action
interact/react
action
nCU
sth
done
inaction
nU
action
nC
movement
act
on
phr
v
act
up
phr
v
in
the
act
(of)
active
adj
energetic
actively
adv
active
adj
not
activation
nU
inactivity
nU
activity
nCU
passive/dormant
activism
nU
deactivate
vT
activate
vT
inactive
adj
deactivated
adj
activist
nC
reactivate
vT
counteract
vT
counteraction
nC
interaction
nU
interact
vI
interactive
adj
communicative
interactive
adj
computer,
etc
proactive
adj
reaction
nC
physical,
react
vI
respond
react
vI
chemically
reactor
nC
reactive
adj
overreact
vI
emotional
reaction
reaction
nC
change
overreaction
nCU
response
reaction
nC
chemical
2
act
take
part
in
actor
nC
act
nC
art
of
a
play
actress
nP
acting
nU
job
of
an
act
out
phr
v
play,
film,
etc
act
vIT
actor
3
act
law
act
nC
enact
vT
action
nCU
legal
action
enactment
nU
actual
actual
adj
real
actual
adj
factual
actually
adv
in
fact
actually
adv
emphatic
acute
acute
adj
acutely
adv
6
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
adapt
adapt
vIT
adaptation
nC
adaptive
adj
adaptable
adj
unadaptable
neg
adj
ad
see
@
advertise/
ad
nC
abbrev
esp
Am
classified
ad
nC
advertisement
small
ad
nC
add/addition
add
vT
total
add
vT
include
sth
added
adj
additive
nC
extra
add
in
phr
v
add
vT
say
sth
extra
add
on
phr
v
add
vI
increase/add
add
up
phr
v
total
to
add
up
phr
v
make
sense
add
up
to
phr
v
additional
adj
in
addition
(to)
adv,
addition
nU
act
of
additionally
adv
prep
adding;
mathematical
process
addition
nC
sth
added
addict
addict
nC
addiction
nCU
drug
addict
nC/drug
addicted
adj
addictive
adj
addiction
nU
see
2
also
@
drug
non-‐addictive
neg
adj
1
address
postal
address
nC
addressed
adj
details
address
vT
write
address
on
sth
2
address
speak
to
sb
address
vT
address
nC
speech
adequate
adequate
adj
adequately
adv
inadequacy
nCU
adequacy
nCU
inadequate
neg
adj
inadequately
neg
adv
adhere
adhere
vI
adherent
nC
adherence
nU
adhesion
nU
adhesive
nCU
7
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
adhesive
adj
adjacent
adjacent
adj
adjust
adjust
vIT
alter,
tune
adjust
vI
adapt
adjustable
adj
adjustment
nCU
administer
administration
nU
administrative
adj
administer
vT
administer
vT
management
manage,
organize
deliver
exam,
administrator
nC
punishment,
medicine,
etc
administration
nCU
government,
regime
administration
nC
delivery
of
exam,
punishment,
medicine,
etc
admiral
admiral
nC
admiralty
n
sing
Brit
10
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
affirm
affirm
vT
affirmation
nCU
affirmative
adj
affluent
affluent
adj
affluence
nU
11
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
old
age
nU
see
also
middle-‐aged
adj
see
age-‐old
adj
@
old
also
@
middle
teenager
nC
teenage
adj
agency/agent
agency
nC
agent
nC
spy
agent
nC
secret
agent
nC
see
representative
also
@
secret
travel
agent
nC
see
advertising
agency
also
@
travel
nC
see
also
@
newsagent
nC
see
advertise/
also
@
news
advertising
dating
agency
nC
2
see
also
@
date
estate
agent
nC
Brit
1
see
also
@
estate
real
estate
agent
nC
Am
see
also
@
1
estate
agenda
agenda
nC
aggressive
aggressive
adj
aggression
nU
aggressive
adj
warlike
aggressor
nC
militant,
foreful
aggressively
adv
ago
ago
adv,
prep
12
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
agriculture
agriculture
nU
agricultural
adj
ah!
ah!/ahem!
exclam
ahead
ahead
adv
in
front
ahead
of
ahead
adv
early
get
ahead
(of)
go
ahead
aid
aid
nU
help,
aid
vT
formal
aid
nC
supporting
assistance
material
or
devoce
first
aid
nU
see
also
@
first
legal
aid
nU
see
also
@
legal
aide
nC
AIDS/Aids
AIDS/aids
nU
abbrev
=
acquired
immune
deficiency
syndrome
1
aim
intend,
strive
aim
vI
aimless
neg
adj
for
aim
nC
aimlessly
neg
adv
2
aim
target
aim
vIT
take
aim
aim
nCU
1
air
gas,
atmosphere
air
nU
air-‐conditioning
nU/
air
vT
ventilate
airtight
adj
see
also
air-‐conditioned
adj
@
tight
see
also
@
clear
the
air
1
condition in
the
air
open-‐air
adj
see
also
@
open
up
in
the
air
2
air
space
above
air
nU
mid-‐air
adj
see
also
ground
by
air
@
mid-‐
aircraft
nC
see
also
aircraft
carrier
nC
air
raid
nC
see
also
airborne
adj
see
also
@
airman
nC
see
also
2
3
3
@
craft see
also
@
carry/
@
raid
bear @
man
aeroplane
nC
Brit
carrier
airfield
nC
see
also
@
airstrike
nC
see
also
1
1
airplane
nC
Am
air
force
nC
see
also
field @
strike
13
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
4
airport
nC @
force airliner
nC airstrip
nC
see
also
air
hostess
nC
see
@
strip
also
@
host/hostess
airline
nC
airmail
nU
airmail
vT
see
also
@
mail
3
air
broadcast
air
vIT
airing
nC
on
(the)
air
off
(the)
air
aircraft
see
also
@
aircraft
nC
see
also
aircraft
carrier
nC
2
2
air @
craft
see
also
@
carry/
carrier
airline/airliner
airline
nC
airliner
nC
see
also
@
liner
airplane/aeroplane
plane
nC
aeroplane
nC
Brit
see
also
@
plane by
plane
airplane
nC
Am
airport
airport
nC
see
also
1
@
port
aisle
aisle
nC
alarm
alarm
nU
fear
alarm
vT
create,
feel
alarming
adj
alarmed
adj
alarm
nC
warning
fear
device
burglar
alarm
nC
see
alarm
clock
nC
see
also
@
burglar
also
@
clock
fire
alarm
nC
see
1
also
@
fire
alas!
alas!
exclam
14
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
album
nC
recorded
music
alcohol
alcohol
nU
alcoholic
nC
alcoholism
nU
alcoholic
adj
non-‐alcoholic
adj
ale
ale
nU
ginger
ale
nU
see
also
@
ginger
alert
alert
adj
on
the
alert
alert
vT
alert
nC
algebra
algebra
nU
algebraic
adj
alien
alien
nC
foreigner
alien
adj
alienate
vT
alien
nC
extra-‐
alienation
nU
terrestrial
align
align
vIT
non-‐aligned
adj
alignment
nU
alike
alike
adj/adv
lookalike
nC
see
also
2
@
look
alive
see
also
@
life,
alive
adj
live
all
all
det
every
one
all
right/alright
adv,
above
all
all
adv
completely
adj,
exclam;
see
also
after
all
1
@
right all
but
see
also
@
2
but
all
in
all
all
over
at
all
for
all
all
the
same
in
all
allege
allege
vT
allegedly
adv
allegation
nC
alleged
adj
15
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
allegiance
allegiance
nCU
alone
alone
adv,
adj
by
alone
adv,
adj
only
leave/let
alone
oneself
alone
adv,
adj
isolated
along
along
prep,
adv
along
prep
beside
alongside
prep,
adv
all
along
down
a
road,
etc
along
with
aloud
see
also
@
aloud
adv
out
loud
loud
alphabet
alphabet
nC
alphabetical
adj
alphabetical
order
1
alphabetically
adv
nC
see
also
@
order
already
already
adv
by
now,
previously
also
also
adv
16
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
alter
alter
vIT
alteration
nCU
altered
adj
unaltered
neg
adj
alternate
alternate
adj
alternate
vI
alternation
nU
alternately
adv
alternative
alternative
nC
alternatively
adv
have
no
alternative
alternative
adj
but
…
although
see
also
@
although
conj
though
altitude
altitude
nCU
17
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
amid
see
also
@
amid
prep
amidst
prep
middle
ammunition
ammunition
nU
ammo
nU
informal
amuse
amuse
vIT
cause
amusement
nC
sth
amusement
nU
amused
adj
laughter
that
amuses
state
of
being
amusing
adj
amused
an
see
@
a
an
det
analyse/analyze
analysis
nCU
analyze
vT/analyse
analyst
nC
analytic/
analytical
adj
vT
Brit
psychoanalysis
nU
psychoanalyst
nC
psychoanalytic
adj
anatomy
anatomy
nU
anatomical
adj
anatomically
adv
anatomist
nC
ancestor
ancestor
nC
ancestral
adj
ancestry
nU
anchor
anchor
nC
large
anchor
nC
stabilising
anchored
adj
weight
factor
anchor
vIT
use
an
anchor
anchor
vT
attach
firmly
ancient
ancient
adj
ancient
nC
and/&
and
conj
in
addition,
and
conj
to
and/or
and
so
on
as
well
&
conj
abbrev
18
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
and
conj
if
angel
angel
nC
heavenly
angel
nC
good
person
archangel
nC
creature
angelic
adj
anger/angry
angry
adj
anger
nU
anger
vT
angrily
adv
in
anger
angle
angle
nC
corner,
etc
angle
nC
approach
angle
vT
angular
adj
triangle
nC
rectangle
nC
rectangular
adj
triangular
adj
angler
angler
nC
angling
nU
19
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
addition
answer
answer
vIT
reply,
answerphone
nC
answering
adj
unanswered
neg
adj
1
respond
see
also
@
phone unanswerable
neg
answer
nCU
adj
in
answer
to
ant
ant
nC
anteater
nC
have
ants
in
your
pants
antenna
antenna
nC
insect
body
part
antenna
nC
aerial
anthropology
anthropology
nU
anthropologist
nC
anthropological
adj
antibiotic
antibiotic
nC
antibiotic
adj
apparent
see
also
@
apparently
adv
apparent
adj
unapparent
neg
adj
1&2
appear
1
appeal
urgent
appeal
vI
request
appeal
nC
21
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
appeal
attraction
appeal
vI
appealing
adj
appealingly
adv
appeal
nU
unappealing
neg
adj
sex
appeal
nU
see
1
also
@
sex
3
appeal
challenge
a
appeal
vI
esp
Brit/
appellant
adj
verdict
appeal
against
phr
v/
appeal
vT
esp
Am
appeal
nC
1
appear
be
seen
appear
vI
appearance
nCU
to
all
appearances
disappear
vI
disappearance
nCU
disappearance
nCU
disappearing
adj
2
appear
seem
appear
vI
appearance
nCU
appearances
npl
1
appendix
body
part
appendix
nC
appendicitis
nU
2
appendix
extra
appendix
nC
append
vT
formal
section
in
document
appetite
appetite
nUC
appetizer
nC
appetizing
adj
unappetizing
neg
adj
applause
applause
nU
applaud
vIT
apple
apple
nC
pineapple
nC
apple
pie
nC
see
also
@
pie
1
apply
request
for
apply
vI/apply
for
application
nC
application
form
nC
applicant
nC
2
sth,
e.g.
a
job
see
also
@
form
2
apply
use
effort
to
apply
vT
appliance
nC
application
nCU
misapply
vT
usu
pass
do
sth
household
machine
misapplication
nU
3
apply
be
relevant
applicable
adj
apply
vI
applied
adj
inapplicable
neg
adj
appoint/
appoint
vT
appointed
adj
1
appointment
giving
appointment
nC
a
job
to
sb
2
appointment
appointment
nC
meeting
22
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
appraisal
appraisal
nC
appraise
vT
formal
appreciate
like,
appreciate
vT
appreciation
nU
appreciative
adj
unappreciative
neg
understand
adj
apprentice
apprentice
nC
apprentice
vT
often
apprenticeship
nC
pass
1
approach
get
close
approach
vIT
approach
nC
usu
sing
2
approach
method
approach
nC
approach
vT
tackle
a
problem,
etc
1
appropriate
appropriate
adj
appropriately
adv
inappropriately
neg
suitable
inappropriate
neg
adv
adj
inappropriateness
nU
2
appropriate
appropriate
vT
appropriated
adj
confiscate
appropriation
nCU
misappropriate
vT
approve
approve
vI/approve
approve
vT
confirm,
approving
adj
of
sth
like,
show
ratify
agreement
approved
adj
approval
nCU
disapprove
vI
disapproving
neg
adj
disapproval
nU
disapprovingly
neg
adv
unapproving
neg
adj
approximate
approximately
adv
approximate
vIT
approximate
adj
approximation
nCU
apron
household
apron
nC
protective
garment
apt
apt
adj
aptly
adv
aptness
nU
inapt
neg
adj
aquatic
aquatic
adj
aquarium
nC
23
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
arbitrary
arbitrary
adj
arbitrarily
adv
argue
argue
vI
disagree
argue
vIT
persuade,
argument
nCU
arguably
adv
arguable
adj
verbally
give
reasons
reasoning
unarguable
neg
adj
argument
nC
verbal
unarguably
neg
adv
disagreement
argumentative
adj
arise
see
also
@
rise
arise
vI
rise
arise
vI
appear
24
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
aristocrat
aristocrat
nC
aristocracy
nU
aristocratic
adj
arithmetic
arithmetic
nU
arithmetical
adj
1
arm
body
part,
etc
arm
nC
body
part
arm
nC
arm-‐shaped
arm
nC
branch
of
object
organization
arm
in
arm
fold
your
arms
see
also
@
fold
with
open
arms
armchair
nC
see
also
armpit
nC
see
also
1
@
chair @
pit
forearm
nC
see
also
@
fore
underarm
nC
2
arm
supply
arms
n
pl
arm
vT
unarmed
neg
adj
weapons;
see
also
armed
adj
armed
forces
n
pl
4
@
army
see
also
@
force
be
up
in
arms
(about
sth)
firearm
nC
see
also
@
disarm
vIT
2
fire disarmament
nU
lay
down
one’s
arms
phr
v
surrender;
see
also
@
lay
armour/armor
armour
nU
Brit/
armoured
adj
Brit/
armoury
nC
Brit/
armor
nU
Am
armored
adj
Am
armory
nC
Am
armoured/armored
car
nC
see
also
@
1
car
armour/armor
plate
nU/armour/armor-‐
plated
adj
see
also
@
plate
25
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
army
army
nC
military
army
nC
large
group
26
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
art
skill
art
nC
martial
art
nC
see
also
artistry
nU
@
martial
artefact/artifact
artefact
nC
esp
Brit/
artifact
nC
esp
Am
artery
artery
nC
arterial
adj
27
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
8
as /as
for
as
for
as
regards
as
to
9
as /as
if
as
if
as
though
10
as /as
long
as
as
long
as
conditional
11
as /as
soon
as/as
as
soon
as
asap
abbrev
=
as
soon
as
possible
as
soon
as
possible
soon
as
possible
ascend
ascend
vT
formal
ascent
nC
ascertain
see
also
@
ascertain
vIT
formal
1
certain
ascribe
ascribe
vI
ash
ash
nUC
ashtray
nC
see
also
@
ash
cloud
nC
see
tray
also
@
cloud
ashamed
see
also
@
ashamed
adj
1
shame
ashore
see
also
@
ashore
adv
shore
aside
aside
adv
to
one
aside
adv/aside
aside
nC
side
from
not
including
ask
ask
vIT
enquire
ask
vT
invite
ask
after
phr
v
ask
vI/ask
for
phr
v
enquire
about
sb’s
request
health
asleep
see
also
@
asleep
adj
fall
asleep
see
also
1
1
sleep @
fall
aspect
aspect
nC
28
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
assassinate
assassination
nCU
assassinate
vT
assassin
nC
assault
assault
nCU
assault
vT
assault
course
nC
5
see
also
@
course
assemble
assembly
nC
assemble
vT
assemble
vT
assembly
nC
parliament,
etc
congregate
construct,
put
meeting
together
assembly
nU
construction
assembly
point
nC
2
see
also
@
point
assert
assert
vT
assertion
nC
assertive
adj
assertiveness
nU
assert
oneself
assess
assess
vT
assessor
nC
assessment
nCU
asset
asset
nC
29
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
dissociation
nU
assorted
see
also
@
assorted
adj
2
sort assortment
nC
assume
assume
vT
assumption
nC
assuming
conj/
assuming
that
assure
see
also
@
assure
vT
assurance
nU
assuredly
adv
sure
reassure
vT
reassurance
nCU
reassuring
adj
asthma
asthma
nU
asthmatic
adj
31
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
illness
heart
attack
nC
see
1
also
@
heart
attain
attain
vT
formal
attainment
nCU
formal
attainable
adj
unattainable
neg
adj
attempt
attempt
nC
attempt
vT
attempted
adj
1
attend
go
to
attend
vIT
attendance
nCU
attendance
nC
meeting,
etc
number
present
presence
2
attend
look
after
attend
vT
attendant
nC
attentive
adj
unattended
neg
adj
flight
attendant
nC
attentively
adv
1
see
also
@
flight
3
attend
concentrate
attention
nU
attention!
exclam
attentive
adj
attend
vi
on/attention attentively
adv
inattention
nU
pay
attention
attic
attic
nC
attract
attract
vT
attraction
nCU
attraction
nC
tourist
unattractive
neg
adj
attractively
adv
attractive
adj
site
attractiveness
nU
attribute
attribute
vT
attribute
nC
formal
attributable
adj
attribution
nCU
auction
auction
nC
auction
vT
auctioneer
nC
audience
audience
nC
viewers,
listeners
audio
audio
adj
audibly
adv
audible
adj
inaudibly
neg
adv
inaudible
neg
adj
audit
audit
nC
audit
vT
auditor
nC
aunt
aunt
nC
great
aunt
nC
see
2
auntie
nC
informal
also
@
great
32
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
aura
aura
nC
available
available
adj
availability
nU
unavailable
neg
adj
unavailability
nU
avail
nU/of
no
avail
avail
vI
formal/avail
oneself
of
33
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
avenge
see
also
@
avenge
vT
vengeance
avenger
nC
avenue
street
avenue
nC
avenue
nC
method
34
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
axe/ax
axe
nC
Brit/ax
nC
Am
axe
vT
Brit/ax
vT
Am
pickaxe
nC
Brit/
pickax
nC
Am
axis
axis
nC
Bb
baby
baby
nC
babysit
vIT
babysitting
nU
baby
adj
babysitter
nC
babyish
adj
baby
carriage
nC
Am
=
pram
nC
Brit;
see
1
also
@
carriage ,
pram
1
bachelor
unmarried
bachelor
nC
bachelor
girl
nC
see
man
also
@
girl
2
bachelor
degree
at
bachelor
nCU
university
BA/Bachelor
of
Arts
BSc/Bachelor
of
Science
1
back
adv
back
adv
opp.
front
back
adj
opp.
front
back
and
forth
back
adv
earlier
back
nC
rear
of
sth
back
away
phr
v
back
adv
in
reply,
in
back
vT
reverse
back
down/off
phr
v
return
back
out
(of
sth)
phr
back
adv
once
again
v
backward
adj
backwardness
nU
backwards
adv
Brit/
backwards
and
backward
adv
Am
forwards
see
also
@
2
see
also
@
ward /-‐ forward/forwards
ward
background
nC
backyard
nC
see
back
door
nC
see
also
2
also
@
yard
@
door
backdrop
nC
2
back
body
part
back
nC
do
sth
behind
sb’s
35
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
back
pat
on
the
back
nC
see
also
@
pat
stab
in
the
back
nC
see
also
@
stab
turn
one’s
back
on
sb/sth
see
also
@
1
turn
backache
nU
see
backbone
nC
see
paperback
nC
see
also
backpack
vI
also
@
ache
also
@
bone
@
paper
backpacking
nU
backpacker
nC
see
backpack
nC
see
1
1
also
@
pack
also
@
pack
horseback
nU
see
also
@
horse
3
back
support
back
vT
backing
nU
backer
nC
back-‐up
nCU
back
(sb)
up
phr
v
bacon
bacon
nU
37
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
ball
spherical
object
ball
nC
ball-‐pen/ballpoint
on
the
ball
pen
nC
see
also
@
beach
ball
nC
see
1
pen also
@
beach
eyeball
nC
see
also
mothball
nC
see
also
@
eye
@
moth
snowball
nC
see
also
@
snow
football
nC
baseball
nU
esp
Am
volleyball
nU
softball
nU
football
nU
see
also
baseball
nC
esp
Am
@
football
basketball
nU
esp
Am
2
ball
dance
ball
nC
ballroom
nC
see
also
@
ballroom
gown
nC
1
room see
also
@
gown
ballroom
dancing
nU
see
also
@
dance
ballet
ballet
nCU
ballet
dancing
nU
38
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
banishment
nU
banana
banana
nC
banana
skin
nC
see
also
@
skin
1
band
group
of
band
nC
bandsman
nC
see
3
musicians
also
@
man
boy-‐/girl-‐band
nC
see
also
@
boy,
girl
rock
band
nC
see
3
also
@
rock
2
band
group
of
band
nC
disband
vI
people
band
together
phr
v
3
band
strip,
stripe
band
nC
elastic
band
nC
see
also
@
elastic
rubber
band
nC
see
also
@
rubber
waist
band
nC
see
also
@
waist
bandage
bandage
nCU
bandage
vT
40
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
barge
barge
nC
bargepole
nC
see
1
also
@
pole
42
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
sun
see
also
@
costume
batter
hit
batter
vT
battering
nU/nC
usu
battered
adj
sing
battery
electric
cell
battery
nC
battle
battle
nC
military
battle
vIT
fight
battlement
nC
usu
pl
engagement
battle
vIT
struggle
battleship
nC
see
1
battle
nCU
struggle
battlefield
nC
see
also
@
ship
1
also
@
field embattled
adj
bay
bay
nC
inlet
bay
nC
in
building
bay
window
nC
see
loading
bay
nC
see
also
also
@
window
1
@
load /loading
1
be
aux
be
aux
2
be
be
present,
exist
be
verb/linking
verb
being
nCU
be
verb
cost
bring/come
into
presence,
existence;
being
human
being
nC
see
position
in
space
or
also
@
human
time;
personal
description
–
name,
age,
job,
etc;
composition;
health
–
well,
ill,
etc
43
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bean
bean
nC
baked
bean
nC
usu
pl
see
also
@
bake
coffee
bean
nC
see
also
@
coffee
spill
the
beans
idiom
see
also
@
spill
1
bear
tolerate
bear
vT
bearable
adj
unbearable
neg
adj
bear
up
phr
v
bear
with
it/me,
etc
phr
v
unbearably
neg
adv
grin
and
bear
it
2
bear
animal
bear
nC
teddy
nC
polar
bear
nC
see
2
teddy
bear
nC
also
@
pole /polar
3
bear
/borne
carry,
bear
vT
airborne
adj
see
also
@
bear
down
phr
v
2
support
air bear
out
phr
v
seaborne
adj
see
also
@
sea
4
bear /bearing
move
bearing
nC
bear
vT
in
a
certain
direction
have
a
bearing
on
beard
beard
nC
bearded
adj
44
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
heartbeat
nC
usu
sing
see
also
@
1
heart
beauty
beautiful
adj
beauty
nU
quality
beauty
nC
sb/sth
beautifully
adv
beauty
spot
nC
see
1
attractive
beautiful
also
@
spot
beautiful
adj
pleasant
because
because
conj
because
of
prep
‘cos/cos
conj/prep
informal
become
become
vIT
become
of
phr
v
1
bed
furniture
bed
nC
in
bed
flowerbed
nC
see
bedding
nU
go
to
bed
also
@
flower
put
to
bed
take
to
bed
bedroom
nC
see
bedtime
nC
see
also
bedclothes
n
pl
see
bedside
nU/adj
bedbug
nC
see
also
1
1
2
also
@
room @
time also
@
clothes
@
bug
bedpost
nC
see
also
3
@
post
deathbed
n
usu
sing
see
also
@
death
twin
bed
nC
see
also
@
twin
bedroom
suburb/
community
nC
Am
see
also
@
community,
suburb,
dormitory
2
bed
bottom
bed
nC
riverbed
nC
see
also
@
bedrock
nU
see
also
1
river
@
rock
seabed
nC
see
also
@
sea
bee
bee
nC
beehive
nC
45
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
beekeeper
nC
beekeeping
nU
see
2
also
@
keep /keeper
beef
beef
nU
beefburger
nC
esp
beef
up
phr
v
make
Brit
see
also
@
stronger
burger
beer
beer
nCU
ginger
beer
nC
see
also
@
ginger
root
beer
nCU
Am
see
also
@
root
beetle
beetle
nC
before
before
conj/prep/
before
prep
in
front
beforehand
adv
before
prep
watched,
the
day/night/week
adv
earlier
of
examined
by
etc
before
beg
I
beg
your
pardon
beg
vIT
ask
for
beg
vIT
make
urgent
exclam
see
also
@
money,
etc
request
1&2
pardon beggar
nC
begin
begin
vI
beginner
nC
to
begin
with
beginning
nC
behalf
behalf
n
sing
46
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fall
behind
phr
v
leave
behind
phr
v
stay
behind
phr
v
belief/believe
belief
nC
believe
in
sth
phr
v
believer
nC
believable
adj
disbelieve
vIT
believe
vT
think,
unbelievable
neg
adj
disbelief
nU
unbelievably
neg
have
opinion
adv
believe
it
or
not
beyond
belief
would
you
believe
it?
make
believe
nU
bell
bell
nC
doorbell
nC
see
also
@
door
belly
belly
nC
informal
bellyache
nC
informal
bellyache
vI
informal
see
also
@
ache
belong
belong
vI/belong
to
belongings
n
pl
ownership
belong
vI
right,
suitable,
etc
beloved
see
also
@
beloved
adj
love
below
below
adv,
prep
below
adv
less
than
lower
position
belt
belt
nC
clothing
belt
nC
on
machine
belt
nC
strip
of
land
seatbelt
nC
see
also
green
belt
nC
usu
@
seat
sing
see
also
@
safety
belt
nC
see
1 green
also
@
safe /
safety
bench
bench
nC
workbench
nC
see
2
also
@
work
bend
bend
vIT
bendable
adj
bend
nC
unbending
neg
adj
47
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bent
adj
bendy
adj
informal
bend
down
phr
v
bend
over
phr
v
bend
over
backwards
phr
v
beneath
beneath
adv,
prep
benefit
benefit
nCU
gain,
benefit
nC
social
beneficial
adj
beneficiary
nC
beneficially
adv
advantage
security
payment
unemployment
benefit
vIT
benefit
nU
see
also
@
employ/
employment
best
see
also
@
best
sup
adj
best-‐selling
adj
the
best
thing
n
sing
good,
well
see
also
@
thing
best
sup
adv
best-‐seller
nC
see
also
at
best
@
sell
the
best
n
sing
for
the
best
try/do
one’s
best
get/have
the
best
of
had
best
make
the
best
of
48
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
best
man
n
sing
see
1
also
@
man
bet
bet
nC
bet
vT
be
sure
betting
nU
bet
vIT
wager,
betting
shop
nC
see
gamble
also
@
shop
betray
betray
vT
betrayal
nU
traitor
nC
better
see
also
@
better
comp
adj
better
adj
healthy,
the
better
n
sing
good,
well
better
comp
adv
recovered
the
…
the
better
had
better/’d
better
get
better
better
off
adj
for
the
better
get/have
the
better
of
the
bigger/sooner,
etc
the
better
between
between
adv,
prep
in
between
between
two
places
between
adv,
prep
between
two
times
between
adv,
prep
between
two
amounts
between
adv,
prep
shared
between
people
beverage
beverage
nC
49
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
witch
bewitched
adj
bewitching
adj
beyond
beyond
adv,
prep
beyond
adv,
prep
be
beyond
one/it’s
further
away
outside
limit
beyond
me
bias
bias
nC
usu
sing
biased
adj
unbiased
neg
adj
bicycle/bike
see
also
bicycle
nC
bike
nC
informal
bicycle
vI
2
@
cycle bike
nC
informal
motorcycle
bike
vI
bicycle
motorbike
nC
see
biker
nC
also
@
motor
biking
nU
cycle
vI
cyclist
nC
cycling
nU
motorcyclist
nC
see
2
motorcycle
nC
see
also
@
cycle /cyclist,
also
@
motor
motor
bid
bid
vIT
make
offer
in
bidder
nC
auction
bidding
nU
bid
nC
big
big
adj
large
big
adj
important
50
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
see
also
@
waste,
binman
nC
Brit
see
3
paper
also
@
man
bin-‐liner
nC
see
also
3
@
line
1
bind
tie
up
bind
vT
binding
nCU
binder
nC
bound
adj
2
bind
promise,
binding
adj
bind
vT
secret,
etc
binoculars
binoculars
n
pl
51
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
see
also
@
cake
date
of
birth
n
sing
1
birthday
card
nC
see
see
also
@
date
1
also
@
card birthmark
nC
see
1
birthday
party
nC
also
@
mark
1
see
also
@
party
birthday
present
nC
1
see
also
@
present
biscuit
see
also
@
biscuit
nC
Brit
cookie,
cracker
bishop
bishop
nC
archbishop
nC
bishopric
nC
1
bit
small
amount
a
bit
adv,
pron
esp
quite
a
bit/a
good
bitty
adj
Brit
a
little,
slightly
bit
bit
by
bit
bit
nC
small
piece
of
do
one’s
bit
sth
every
bit
2
bit
part,
bit
nC
bits
and
pieces
see
also
component
@
piece
bitch
bitch
nC
bitch
vI
informal
bitchy
adj
informal
son-‐of-‐a-‐bitch
nC
offensive
esp
Am
see
also
@
son
bite
bite
vIT
bite
nC
insect
bite
biting
adj
very
cold
bite
nC
sth
bitten
off
frostbite
nU
frostbitten
adj
see
1
also
@
frost
soundbite
nC
see
1
also
@
sound
bite
off
more
than
you
can
chew
idiom
see
also
@
chew
1
bitter
bad
taste,
bitter
adj
taste
bitter
adj
fig:
bitterly
adv
bitterness
nU
bad
feeling
resentful,
angry,
etc
2
bitter
very
bitter
adj
bitterly
adv
to
the
bitter
end
see
52
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
end
bizarre
bizarre
adj
bizarrely
adv
1
black
colour
black
adj
black
adj
tea,
coffee,
black
nU
etc
blacken
vIT
blackness
nU
blackboard
nC
see
black
eye
nC
see
also
blackberry
nC
see
1
also
@
board @
eye
also
@
berry
blackbird
nC
see
also
@
bird
black
and
blue
in
black
and
white
2
black
negative,
black
adj
negative
illegal
(illegal,
hostile,
etc)
blackmail
vT
blackmailer
nC
blackmail
nU
black
economy
n
usu
sing
see
also
@
1
economy
blacklist
vT
blacklist
nC
see
also
1
@
list
black
magic
nU
see
also
@
magic
black
market
nC
usu
sing
see
also
@
2
market
black
sheep
nC
see
also
@
sheep
bladder
bladder
nC
blade
blade
nC
of
knife,
blade
nC
fig:
grass,
razorblade
nC
see
skates,
etc
shoulder,
oar,
etc
also
@
razor
rollerblade
nC
53
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rollerblading
nU
see
1
also
@
roll /roller
shoulder
blade
nC
see
also
@
shoulder
blame
blame
vT
blame
nU
blameless
neg
adj
be
to
blame
bland
bland
adj
blandly
adv
54
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
blind
blindly
adv
color-‐blind
adj
Am
see
also
@
colour/color
go
blind
turn
a
blind
eye
2
blind
window
blind
nC
usu
pl
covering
blink
blink
vIT
blink
nC
blinker
n
usu
pl
blinkered
adj
bliss
bliss
nU
blissful
adj
blissfully
adv
bloc
bloc
nC
1
block
lump
of
block
nC
large
piece
chopping
block
nC
stone,
wood,
etc
of
stone,
wood,
etc
Am
see
also
@
1
chop
2
block
obstruct
block
vT
blockade
nC
block
off
phr
v
blockage
nC
block
up
phr
v
blocked
adj
unblock
vT
unblocked
neg
adj
stumbling
block
nC
see
also
@
stumble
3
block
city
block
block
nC
Am
4
block
tall
building
block
nC
tower
block
nC
see
also
@
tower
bloke
bloke
nC
Brit
informal
blond/blonde
blonde
nC
blond/blonde
adj
blood
see
also
@
blood
nU
bloody
adj
covered
blood
donor
nC
see
bleed
in
blood
also
@
donate/
bloody
adj
very
donor
violent
bloodstain
nC
55
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bloodstained
adj
see
also
@
stain
blood
vessel
nC
see
2
also
@
vessel
in
cold
blood
see
1
also
@
cold
shed
blood
bloodshed
nU
see
2
also
@
shed
one’s
(own)
flesh
and
blood
see
also
@
flesh
bloody
emphasis,
bloody
adj/adv
intensifier
informal
esp
Brit
for
emphasis;
indicating
anger
bloom
bloom
nC
blooming
adj
bloom
vI
blossom
blossom
nC
blossom
vI
blouse
blouse
nC
1
blow
wind,
etc
blow
vI
blow
up
phr
v
inflate
blackboard
nC
see
chessboard
nC
see
also
billboard
nC
see
also
1
2
also
@
black @
chess
@
bill
board
game
nC
see
1
also
@
game
chalkboard
nC
see
also
@
chalk
chopping
board
nC
Brit
see
also
@
1
chop
diving
board
nC
see
also
@
dive/diving
floorboard
nC
see
1
also
@
floor
ironing
board
nC
see
57
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
also
@
iron
scoreboard
nC
see
also
@
score
skateboard
nC/vI
skateboarding
nU
skateboarder
nC
see
also
@
skate
snowboard
nC
snowboard
vI
see
also
@
snow
springboard
nC
see
3
also
@
spring
surfboard
nC
see
also
@
surf
2
board
enter
ship,
board
vIT
aboard
adv/prep
boarding
nU
overboard
adv
train,
aircraft,
etc
on
board
boarding
card
nC
Brit
1
see
also
@
card
boarding
pass
nC
2
see
also
@
pass
3
board
management
board
nC
boardroom
nC
see
1
group
also
@
room
4
board
board
nU
board
vI
accommodation
boarder
nC
boarding
house
nC
2
see
also
@
house
boarding
school
nC
see
also
@
school
full-‐/half-‐board
nU
boast
boast
vIT
boastful
adj
boast
nC
boastfully
adv
boat
boat
nC
boating
nU
58
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
in
the
same
boat
61
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
book /books
books
n
pl
bookkeeping
nU
accounts
bookkeeper
nC
see
2
also
@
keep
boom
economic
boom
nCU
boom
vI
prosperity
booming
adj
boost
boost
vT
boost
vI
booster
nC
boosted
adj
1
boot
tall,
heavy
boot
nC
boot
vT
informal
shoe
boot
out
phr
v
informal
2
boot
car
trunk
boot
nC
Brit
see
also
@
2
trunk
3
boot
start
a
boot
vT/boot
up
phr
v
reboot
vT
computer
booth
booth
nC
phone/telephone
booth
nC
see
also
@
1
phone ,
telephone
border
border
nC
boundary,
border
nC
edge
border
vT
bordering
adj
division
border
on
phr
v
bore
fail
to
interest
bore
vT
bore
nC
boredom
nU
bored
adj
boringly
adv
boring
adj
born
born/be
born
v
pass
newborn
adj
see
also
born
adj
@
new
born-‐again
adj
inborn
adj
reborn
adj
unborn
neg
adj
borough
borough
nC
62
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
botany
botany
nU
botanical
adj
botanist
nC
both
both
det,
pronoun
both
conj/both
…
and
1
bother
make
an
bother
vI
bother
nU
can’t
be
bothered
effort
2
bother
worry,
bother
vT
bothered
adj
annoy
bother
nC
bothering
adj
bottle
bottle
nC
bottle
vT
bottling
adj/nU
bottled
adj
1
bottom
lowest
part
bottom
nC
usu
sing
bottom
adj
bottom
vI
bottomless
neg
adj
bottom
out
phr
v
from
top
to
bottom
from
the
bottom
of
one’s
heart
see
also
1
@
heart
rock
bottom
nU/adj
informal
see
also
@
1
rock
2
bottom
body
part
bottom
nC
65
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
brain
brain
nC
brainy
adj
informal
brain
drain
n
sing
see
also
@
drain
brainwave
nC
see
2
also
@
wave
pick
sb’s
brains
rack
one’s
brains
scatterbrain
nC
scatterbrained
adj
see
also
@
scatter
brake
brake
nC
brake
vIT
1
branch
tree
part,
branch
nC
tree
part
branch
nC
division:
branch
vI
branchline
nC
Brit
etc
river,
railway,
etc
see
also
@
line
branch
out
phr
v
olive
branch
nC
see
also
@
olive
2
branch
sub-‐office,
branch
nC
shop,
etc
1
brand
named
brand
nC
brand
name
nC
see
brand
vT
product
also
@
name
2
brand /brand
new
brand
new
adj
see
also
@
new
brandy
brandy
nU
bread
bread
nU
bread
roll
nC
see
breadcrumb
n
usu
pl
2
also
@
roll see
also
@
crumb
bread-‐and-‐butter
adj
ordinary,
routine
garlic
bread
nU
see
66
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
garlic
gingerbread
nU
see
also
@
ginger
breadth
see
also
@
breadth
nCU
broad
1
break
physical,
break
vT
physically
break
vT
break
a
broken
adj
breakable
adj
breakage
nCU
emotional,
etc/
break,
destroy
sth
record
unbreakable
neg
adj
broken
break
nC
unbroken
neg
adj
break
in/into
phr
v
break
down
phr
v
breakthrough
nC
break
away
phr
v
burgle
fail
to
operate
breakaway
adj
breakup
nC
break-‐in
nC
burglary
breakdown
nC
break
down
(into)
break
up
phr
v
end
a
mechanical
phr
v
divide
relationship
break
down
phr
v
break
even
phr
v
no
emotionally,
profit,
no
loss
mentally
break
in
phr
v
breakdown
nCU
interrupt
emotional,
mental
break
off
phr
v
breakdown
nCU
in
remove
end
of
sth
relationship
break
off
phr
v
end
suddenly
break
out
phr
v
escape
from
prison,
etc
break
through
phr
v
overcome
problem,
etc
break
up
phr
v
break
into
pieces
break
up
phr
v
disperse
break
up
phr
v
Brit
finish
school
at
end
of
term
heartbreak
nU/
67
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
heart-‐broken
adj
1
see
also
@
heart
broken-‐hearted
adj
1
see
also
@
heart
icebreaker
nC
see
also
@
ice
2
break
start
break
out
phr
v
war,
break
into
laughter/
suddenly
argument,
disease
a
smile/song/
tears/
etc
applause,
etc
outbreak
nC
break
(the)
news/
breaking
news
see
also
@
news
daybreak/break
of
day
n
sing
see
also
@
day
3
break
short
rest,
break
nC
coffee/lunch/tea,
break
nC
Brit
holiday,
etc
etc
break
nC
commercial
break
on
TV
break
for
lunch/
coffee,
etc
break
vT
interrupt
a
journey
take
a
break
breakfast
breakfast
nCU
breakfast
vI
continental
breakfast
nCU
see
also
@
continent/
continental
(full)
English
breakfast
nC
breast
breast
nCU
abreast
adj
double-‐breasted
adj
see
also
@
double
make
a
clean
breast
of
sth
keep
abreast
of
68
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
breath
breath
nCU
breathing
adj
breathless
neg
adj
catch
one’s
breath
hold
one’s
breath
breathe
vIT
breathtaking
adj
out
of
breath
take
one’s
breath
away
under
one’s
breath
breed
breed
vIT
breeder
nC
breed
nC
breeding
nU
breeze
breeze
nC
breezy
adj
69
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
also
@
foot
suspension
bridge
nC
see
also
@
2
suspend /
suspension
1
brief
short
brief
adj
briefly
adv
in
brief
briefs
n
pl
brevity
nU
2
brief
instructions
brief
nC
Brit
debrief
vT
brief
vT
debriefing
nC
briefcase
nC
see
also
@
2
case
briefing
nC
brigade
brigade
nC
fire
brigade
nC
Brit
see
1
also
@
fire
1
bright
shining;
bright
adj
brighten
vT
strongly
coloured
brightly
adv
brightness
nU
2
bright
intelligent
bright
adj
1
brilliant
very
bright
brilliant
adj
brilliantly
adv
brilliant!
exclam
2
brilliant
very
brilliant
adj
brilliantly
adv
intelligent
brilliance
nU
1
bring bring
vT
carry
sth
bring
vT
cause,
be
somewhere
accompanied
by
2
bring
phrasal
verbs,
bring
sth
back
phr
v
bring
up
phr
v
raise
bring
sth
about
phr
v
upbringing
nC
bring
about
phr
v
compounds,
etc
return
a
child
cause
make
sth
happen
bring
around/round
phr
v
persuade
bring
back
phr
v
revive
memories
bring
down
phr
v
reduce
prices,
etc
bring
down
phr
v
70
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
government,
etc
bring
down
phr
v
bring
to
the
ground
bring
forward
phr
v
make
sth
earlier
bring
home
to
make
aware
bring
sth
in
phr
v
introduce
bring
in
phr
v
earn,
produce
income,
bring
off
phr
v
succeed
bring
on
phr
v
cause
bring
(sth)
out
phr
v
launch
a
product
bring
out
phr
v
expose,
make
clear
bring
round/to
phr
v
back
to
consciousness
bring
sth
up
phr
v
mention
bring
up
phr
v
vomit
brink
brink
n
sing
on
the
brink
of
sth
broad
see
also
@
broad
adj
wide,
opp.
broadly
adv
breadth
nCU
broaden
vI
broad-‐minded
adj
1
breadth
narrow
see
also
@
mind
broadcast
broadcast
nC
broadcaster
nC
newscaster
nC
esp
broadcast
vIT
broadcasting
nU
Am
see
also
@
news
71
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
brochure
brochure
nC
73
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
@
bed
1
build
construct,
build
vIT
builder
nC
rebuild
vT
built-‐in
adj
build
in/into
phr
v
increase
building
nC
building
nU
shipbuilding
nU
see
incorporate
1
also
@
ship build
on/upon
phr
v
build
up
phr
v
build-‐up
nC
rebuilt
adj
rebuilding
nU
2
build
physique
build
nU
well-‐built
adj
bunch
bunch
nC
group
of
bunch
nC
informal
bunch
vIT
things,
e.g.
fruit
group
of
people
bundle
bundle
nC
bundle
up
phr
v
74
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bundle
vT
bungalow
bungalow
nC
75
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
unburied
neg
adj
burial
ground
nC
see
2
also
@
ground
bus
bus
nC
bus
station
nC
see
minibus
nC
see
also
bus
vIT
trolley
bus
nC
see
1
by
bus
also
@
station @
mini
also
@
trolley
bus
stop
nC
see
also
1
@
stop
bush
bush
nC
bushy
adj
beat
about/around
the
bush
1
business
trading,
business
nU
trading
on
business
business
class
nU
businessman
nC
see
businesslike
adj
2
3
commerce
business
nC
see
also
@
class also
@
man go
out
of
business
company
businesswoman
nC
in
business
2
see
also
@
woman on
business
business
trip
nC
see
1
also
@
trip
2
business
matter,
business
nU
get
down
to
affair;
see
also
@
business
busy
have
no
business
(doing
sth)
mean
business
mind
your
own
business
1
bust
break
bust
vT
informal
busted
adj
go
bust
2
bust
statue
bust
nC
busy
busy
adj
occupied,
busy
adj
esp
Am
busily
adv
active
engaged
(telephone)
busy
adj
having
lots
of
work
1
but
conj
but
conj
contrast
but
nC
usu
pl
no
ifs
and/or
buts
2
but
prep
but
prep
except
all
but
76
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
but
for
butcher
butcher
nC
sb
selling
butcher
nC
mass
meat
murderer
butcher/butcher’s
nC
Brit
shop
butcher
vT
butchery
nU
butt
end
of
rifle,
butt
nC
cigarette,
etc
butter
butter
nU
butter
vT
butter
sb
up
phr
v
buttered
adj
bread-‐and-‐butter
adj
buttery
adj
ordinary,
routine
peanut
butter
nU
see
also
@
peanut
butterfly
see
also
@
butterfly
nC
insect
2
fly
button
button
nC
on
button
vT/button
up
unbutton
vIT
clothing
phr
v
unbuttoned
neg
adj
button
nC
on
buttonhole
nC
in
machine
clothing
buttonhole
nC
flower
in
buttonhole;
see
also
@
hole
buy
buy
vIT
buyer
nC
buy
nC
buying
nU
buy
into
phr
v
buy
off
phr
v
buy
out
phr
v
buy-‐out
nC
buy
up
phr
v
buzz
buzz
vI
buzz
nC
usu
sing
buzzer
nC
1
by
prep
by
prep
cause
by
prep
before
a
by
prep
by
prep
method
time
measurement,
by
prep
beside
quantity,
by
prep
authorship
calculations,
etc
77
headword
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by
air/car/train/
by
mistake
see
also
by
accident
see
also
by
heart
see
also
@
by
far
see
also
@
far
by
day
see
also
@
1
plane/
sea/ship,
etc
@
mistake
@
accident
heart day
by
oneself
by
all
means
see
also
by
hand
see
also
@
@
means
hand
by
chance
see
also
by
law
1
@
chance by
night
see
also
@
by
name
see
also
@
night
name
by
means
of
by
turns
see
also
@
by
no
means
2
turn by
post
see
also
@
1
post
by
sight
see
also
@
sight
by
surprise
see
also
@
surprise
by
the
way
2
by
adv
by
adv
passing
by
and
by
by
and
large
see
also
@
large
1
bye
see
also
@
bye
exclam
informal
goodbye
bye-‐bye
exclam
informal
2
bye
sports
bye
nC
78
headword
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B2
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1
cab
taxi
cab
nC
taxicab
nC
see
also
@
taxi
2
cab
cabin
cab
nC
cabin
nC
of
truck,
aircraft,
ship,
etc
cabin
cabin
nC
hut
1
cabinet
furniture
cabinet
nC
2
cabinet group
of
cabinet
nC
usu
sing
ministers
cable
cable
nCU
thick
wire
cablecar
nC
see
also
2
cable
nU
TV
etc
@
car
system
cafe
café
nC
cafeteria
nC
79
headword
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calf
calf
nC
1
call
give
name
call
vT
often
pass
so-‐called
adj
2
call
telephone
call
vIT
call
box
nC
see
also
caller
nC
give
sb
a
call
1
call
nC
@
box call
back
phr
v
phone
call
nC
see
call
up
phr
v
1
also
@
phone ,
telephone
3
call
shout
call
vIT
shout
call
vT
wake
sb
up
call
away
phr
v
call
nC
call
for
phr
v
demand
call
off
phr
v
cancel
call
on
sb
to
do
sth
phr
v
demand
call
out
phr
v
shout
call
to
mind
see
also
1
@
mind
4
call
visit
call
by
phr
v
visit
informally
call
for
phr
v
collect
call
in
phr
v
call
on
phr
v
calm
calm
adj
sea,
calm
adj
emotional
calm
nU
calmly
adv
calmness
nU
weather,
etc
calm
vT
calm
down
phr
v
calorie
calorie
nC
81
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cannon
cannon
nC
82
headword
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4
capital
punishment
capital
adj
decapitate
vT
involving
death
capital
punishment
nU
decapitation
nCU
see
also
@
punish/
punishment
capsule
capsule
nC
encapsulate
vT
84
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carpenter
carpenter
nC
carpentry
nU
carpet
carpet
nCU
carpet
vT
carpeting
nU
carpeted
adj
1
carriage
horse-‐
carriage
nC
baby
carriage
nC
Am
drawn
vehicle
=
pram
nC
Brit;
see
also
@
baby,
pram
dual
carriageway
nC
Brit
see
also
@
dual,
3
way
2
carriage
railway
carriage
nC
esp
Brit
vehicle/car
3
carriage
see
also
@
carriage
nU
carry
carrot
carrot
nC
carrot
cake
nCU
see
also
@
cake
3
carry
carry
vT
lift
and
carry
on
phr
v
carrier
nC
sb
who
carriage
nU
move
continue
carries
sthg
carry
away
phr
v
carry
out
phr
v
carrier
nC
aircraft
carry
forward
phr
v
perform
carrier
carry
off
phr
v
aircraft
carrier
nC
carry
over
phr
v
2
see
also
@
air /
carry
through
phr
v
aircraft
mail
carrier
nC
Am
see
also
@
mail
cart
cart
nC
horse-‐drawn
cart
vT
goods
vehicle
cart/shopping
cart
nC
Am
see
also
@
1
shop /
shopping
put/set
the
cart
before
the
horse
idiom
cartoon
cartoon
nC
cartoonist
nC
animated
film
85
headword
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cartoon
nC
amusing
illustration
cartridge
cartridge
nC
ink
cartridge
nC
see
also
@
ink
carve
carve
vIT
carved
adj
carver
nC
carving
nU/adj
carvery
nC
carving
knife
nC
see
carve
out
phr
v
also
@
knife
carve
up
phr
v
1
case
problem,
case
nC
problem,
in
case
(of)
in
that
case/
in
a
case
in
point
see
1
example
example
my/your
etc
case
also
@
point
case
nC
court
case
in
any/some/no
case
study
nC
see
case
nC
medical
case
case
also
@
study
2
case
container
case
nC
casing
nC
encase
vT
suitcase
nC
see
also
briefcase
nC
see
also
@
packing-‐case
nC
see
2 2 1
@
suit
brief
also
@
pack
pillowcase
nC
see
@
pillow
vanity
case
nC
see
1
also
@
vain /
vanity
3
case
furniture,
etc
bookcase
nC
see
staircase
nC
see
also
showcase
nC
see
also
1
1
also
@
book @
stair
@
show
cash/cashier
cash
nU
cash
vI
cashier
nC
in
cash
cash
in
on
cash
in
hand
cash
flow
nU
see
also
@
flow
cashpoint
nC
Brit®
see
also
@
point2
petty
cash
nU
see
also
@
petty
cassette
cassette
nC
cassette
player
nC
86
headword
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2
see
also
@
play
cassette
recorder
nC
1
see
also
@
record
video
cassette
nC
see
also
@
video
1
cast
actors
cast
vT
select
actors
cast
nC
usu
sing
2
cast
throw
net,
etc
cast
vT
cast
about/around
(for)
phr
v
cast
aside
phr
v
cast
off
phr
v
cast
out
phr
v
outcast
nC
cast
light
on
see
also
1
@
light
castle
castle
nC
castellated
adj
87
headword
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become
popular
catch
sb
out
phr
v
catch
sight
of
sb/sth
see
also
@
sight
safety
catch
nC
see
1
also
@
safe /safety
2
catch
board
bus,
catch
vT
train,
etc
3
catch
become
catch
vT
catch
(a)
cold
see
2
infected
with
an
also
@
cold
illness
category
category
nC
categorize
vT
cease
cease
vT
formal
ceasefire
nC
see
also
@
cessation
nC
2
fire ceaseless
neg
adj
ceaselessly
neg
adv
unceasing
neg
adj
unceasingly
neg
adv
ceiling
ceiling
nC
in
room
ceiling
nC
maximum
1
celebrate
celebrate
vIT
celebration
nC
celebratory
adj
commemorate
2
celebrate
praise
celebrity
nC
celebrate
vT
formal
celeb
nC
informal
sb/sth
celebrated
adj
celery
celery
nU
1
cell
organism
cell
nC
cellular
adj
2
cell
battery/phone
cell
nC
esp
Am
battery
cell/cellphone
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
1
phone
3
cell
room
in
prison
cell
nC
cellmate
nC
see
also
2
@
mate
cellar
cellar
nC
89
headword
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adj/adv
percentage
nCU
centenary/
centenary
nC
Brit
centennial
centennial
nC
Am
centigrade
centigrade
nU
91
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rocking
chair
nC
see
2
also
@
rock
2
chair
meeting
chairman
nC
see
chair
nC
chairman/
chair
vT
chairmanship
nU
3
also
@
man woman
chairwoman
nC
see
chairperson
nC
see
2
also
@
woman also
@
person
chalk
chalk
nU
chalk
vT
chalky
adj
chalkboard
nC
see
1
also
@
board
chalk
up
phr
v
1
challenge
difficulty
challenge
nC
challenger
nC
challenge
vT
challenging
adj
question,
create
challenged
adj
problem
for
sb
2
challenge
bid
for
challenge
nC
challenger
nC
unchallenged
neg
title,
leadership,
etc
challenge
vIT
adj
chamber
chamber
nC
chambermaid
nC
see
also
@
maid
chamber
of
commerce
nC
see
also
@
commerce
champagne
champagne
nU
92
headword
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4
chance
risk
chance
nC
chance
vT
take
a
chance
chancellor
senior
chancellor
nC
Brit
politician
1
change
become/
change
vIT
become/
change
vT
buses,
change
vI
exchange
changing
adj
changeable
adj
unchanging
neg
adj
make
different
make
different
trains,
planes,
etc
change
hands
see
changed
adj
also
@
hand
change
nC
unchanged
neg
adj
change
into
phr
v
change
over
phr
v
changeover
nC
change
one’s
mind
1
see
also
@
mind
for
a
change
exchange
nCU
exchange
vT
take
exchange
rate
nC
in
exchange
(for)
one
thing
for
another
see
also
@
rate
stock
exchange
nC
2
exchange
vT
change
see
also
@
stock
money
interchange
nCU
interchange
vIT
interchangeable
adj
interchangeably
adv
2
change
money
change
vT
convert
loose
change
nU
money
small
change
nU
short-‐change
vT
short-‐changed
adj
2
see
also
@
short
3
change
clothes
change
vIT
clothes
changing
room
nC
1
see
also
@
room
1
channel
waterway,
channel
nC
channel
vT
etc
2
channel
radio/TV
channel
nC
station
chant
chant
vT
chanting
nU
chant
nC
93
headword
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chaos
chaos
nU
chaotic
adj
chaotically
adv
in
chaos
chap
chap
nC
Brit
informal
94
headword
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C2
X
charter
constitution
charter
nC
95
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
cheek
cheek
nC
face
part
cheekbone
nC
see
also
@
bone
1
cheer
shout
cheer
vIT
cheer
on
phr
v
cheer
nC
cheer
leader
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
1
lead /
leader
2
cheer /cheerful
cheers!
exclam
cheerful
adj
cheer
vT
happy
cheer
(sb)
up
phr
v
cheerfully
adv
cheerio
cheerio
exclam
Brit
96
headword
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B2
C1
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chewing
gum
nU
see
chew
over
phr
v
2
also
@
gum bite
off
more
than
you
can
chew
idiom
see
also
@
bite
chicken
chicken
nC
bird
chick
nC
chicken
nU
meat
chief
chief
nC
chiefly
adv
chieftain
nC
chief
adj
chief
executive/chief
executive
officer
nC
see
also
@
executive
commander-‐in-‐chief
nC
see
also
@
2
command /
commander
child/children
child/children
nC
childhood
nCU
childbirth
nCU
see
childish
adj
childishly
adv
also
@
birth
childishness
nU
child’s
play
nU
see
1
also
@
play
grandchild
nC
see
schoolchild/children
childproof
adj
see
2
3
also
@
grand nC
see
also
@
also
@
proof
school
foster
child
nC
see
also
@
foster
godchild
nC
see
also
@
god
chill
chill
vIT
chilling
adj
chilled
adj
chill
nC
usu
sing
chilly
adj
chimney
chimney
nC
chimneypot
nC
see
also
@
pot
chimneystack
nC
see
also
@
stack
chimney
sweep
nC
1
see
also
@
sweep
chin
chin
nC
double
chin
nC
see
also
@
double
97
headword
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C2
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1
chip
fried
potato,
chip
nC
esp
Brit
fried
fish
and
chips
nU
chipped
adj
French
fry
potato
see
also
@
fish
chipped
potato
nC
chip
nC
esp
Am
Brit
see
also
@
snack
of
thin
fried
potato
potatoes
=
crisp
nC
potato
chip
nC
Am
esp
Brit
see
also
@
potato
2
chip
damage
chip
nC
chipped
adj
chip
vIT
3
chip
computer
chip
nC
silicon
chip
nC
see
component
computer
chip
nC
also
@
silicon
see
also
@
computer
chocolate
chocolate
nU
chocolatier
nC
substance
chocoholic/
chocolate
nC
chocaholic
nC
confectionery
informal
chocolate
nU/adj
colour
1
choice
choosing;
choice
nCU
act
of
multiple-‐choice
adj
see
also
@
choose
choosing
multiple-‐choice
choice
nC
sth
question
nC
see
also
chosen
@
multiple,
question
2
choice
variety
choice
nCU
choose
see
also
@
choose
vIT
chosen
adj
choosy
adj
informal
1&2
choice
1
chop
cut,
hack
chop
vT
chopped
adj
chopper
nC
Brit
chopping
board
nC
Brit
see
also
@
98
headword
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B2
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C2
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1
board
chopping
block
nC
Am
see
also
@
block
2
chop
piece
of
meat
chop
nC
Christian/Christmas
Christian
adj
Christian
nC
Christianity
nU
unchristian
neg
adj
Christian
name
nC
see
also
@
name
Christmas
nCU
Christmas
day
nC
Christmas
cake
nCU
happy/merry
Christmas
Eve
nC
usu
usu
sing
see
also
@
cake
Christmas!
sing
see
also
@
eve
Christmas
card
nC
1
see
also
@
card
Christmas
present
nC
see
also
@
1
present
Christmas
tree
nC
see
also
@
tree
chronic
chronic
adj
chronically
neg
adv
church
church
nC
building
churchyard
nC
see
also
go
to
church
2
church/the
church
@
yard churchgoer
nC
nU
institution
cigar/cigarette
cigarette
nC
cigar
nC
cigarette
lighter
nC
2
see
also
@
light /
lighter
99
headword
A1
A2
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B2
C1
C2
X
cinema
cinema
nC
building
cinema
nU
art,
industry
cinematic
adj
go
to
the
cinema
1
circle/circular
circle
nC
round
circuit
nC
circulation
bnU
circle
vIT
encircle
vT
encirclement
nU
shape
circle
nC
group
of
circular
saw
nC
see
circular
adj
people
also
@
saw
circulate
vI
2
circular
leaflet
sent
circular
nC
to
many
people
circumstance
circumstance
nC
usu
circumstantial
adj
pl
under
any/some/no
circumstances
in/under
the
circumstances
circus
circus
nC
civil
within
a
country
civil
adj
civil
war
nC
see
also
@
war
civil
rights
n
pl
see
5
also
@
right /
rights
civil
servant
nC
civil
service
n
sing
2
see
also
@
serve /
servant/service
civilian
civilian
nC
civilian
adj
100
headword
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civilization
civilization
nCU
civilized
adj
uncivilized
neg
adj
civilize
vT
1
claim
say
that
sth
is
claim
vT
disclaim
vT
true
claim
nC
disclaimer
nC
2
claim
collect
sth;
claim
vIT
claimant
nC
unclaimed
neg
adj
see
also
@
reclaim
claim
nC
lay
claim
to
clamp
clamp
vT
clamped
adj
clamp
nC
clamp
down
(on)
phr
v
wheelclamp
nC
see
also
@
wheel
clan
clan
nC
esp
Scot
clansman/woman
nC
clannish
adj
clap
clap
vIT
applaud
clap
nC
usu
sing
clap
nC
loud
noise
applause
(thunder,
etc)
clapping
nU
clarify
see
also
@
clarify
vT
clarification
nCU
1
clear clarity
nU
clash
clash
nC
clash
vI
1
class
learning
group
class
nC
classmate
nC
see
evening
class
nC
see
2
classroom
nC
see
also
@
mate also
@
evening
1
also
@
room
2
class
level
of
first/second/third,
business
class
nU
top-‐class
adj
see
1
service
etc
class
nU
see
also
see
also
@
business
also
@
top
@
first
economy
class
nU
first-‐/second-‐/third-‐
see
also
@
2
etc
class
adj
see
also
economy
@
first
3
class
group
of
class
nC
group
class
vT
classify
vT
middle
class
nC
classless
neg
adj
people/things
classification
nCU
middle-‐class
adj
see
also
@
middle
101
headword
A1
A2
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B2
C1
C2
X
working
class
adj
1
see
also
@
work
classic
classic
adj
classical
music
nU
classically
adv
classic
nC
see
also
@
music
classical
adj
clause
clause
nC
part
of
legal
document
clause
nC
grammar
claw
claw
nC
claw
vT
claw
back
phr
v
clay
clay
nU
clean
clean
adj
opp.
dirty
cleaner
nC
cleanliness
nU
clean
out
phr
v
clean
vIT
cleaning
nU
cleanse
vT
clean
up
phr
v
vacuum
cleaner
nC
dry
cleaning
nU
see
see
also
@
vacuum
also
@
dry
spring-‐clean
viT,
nU
1
see
also
@
spring
1
clear
not
confused,
clear
adj
clearly
adv
unclearly
neg
adv
understandable;
see
clarify
vT
clear
up
phr
v
clarify
also
@
clarify
clarity
nU
unclear
neg
adj
2
clear
obvious,
clear
adj
unclear
neg
adj
clear-‐cut
adj
without
doubt
clearly
adv
make
clear
3
clear
empty,
clear
vT
clearance
nU
clear
away
phr
v
without
obstacles
clear
adj
without
clearing
nC
clear
out
phr
v
obstacles
clear
up
phr
v
tidy
up
clear
the
air
see
also
1
@
air
4
clear
without
clear
adv
out
of
the
keep/steer
clear
of
touching
way
clear
vT
jump
over
sth
102
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
clearance
n
usu
sing
space
under
bridge,
etc
5
clear
transparent,
clear
adj
clear
up
phr
v
etc
transparent,
improve
(weather)
cloudless
clear
adj
sharply-‐
focused,
opp.
blurred
clear
vI
weather
6
clear
obtain
clear
vT
permission
clearance
nCU
7
clear
without
guilt
clear
vT
find
not
cleared
adj
guilty
clear
conscience
nCU
see
also
@
conscience
clench
clench
vT
clenched
adj
104
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
cloudy
adj
more
difficult
cloud
over
phr
v
cloudless
neg
adj
ash
cloud
nC
see
also
@
ash
cloudburst
nC
see
also
@
burst
clown
clown
nC
clown
vI
1
club
society
club
nC
society
nightclub
nC
see
clubbing
nU
club
nC
place
of
also
@
night
club
together
phr
v
entertainment
cricket/football/golf
/rugby,
etc
club
nC
strip
club
nC
see
1
also
@
strip
2
club
large
stick
club
nC
golf
club
nC
stick
club
vT
3
club
cards
♣
club
n
usu
pl
105
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
coal
coal
nU
colliery
nC
collier
nC
charcoal
nU
coalition
coalition
nC
coffee
coffee
nU
coffee
bar
nC
see
coffee
break
nC
see
coffeecup
nC
see
black
coffee
nCU
1
2
coffee
nC
also
@
bar also
@
break also
@
cup
white
coffee
nCU
coffee
adj
coffee
bean
nC
see
also
@
bean
106
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
coffeepot
nC
see
also
@
pot
coffin
coffin
nC
107
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
dog
collar
nC
see
also
@
dog
blue-‐collar
adj
white
collar
adj
colleague
colleague
nC
1
collect
gather,
save
collect
vT
collector
nC
collectively
adv
(e.g.
as
a
hobby)
collection
nC
collective
adj
2
collect
pick
sth
up
collect
vT
collection
nC
from
somewhere
college
college
nC
108
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
discoloration
nU
110
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
come
under
phr
v
be
responsibility
of
come
up
phr
v
be
mentioned
come
up
against
phr
v
face
problem,
etc
come
up
for
phr
v
be
due
for
come
up
to
phr
v
approach
come
up
with
phr
v
invent,
etc
oncoming
adj
upcoming
adj
esp
Am
comedy/comic
comedy
nCU
comic
nC
magazine
comedian
nC
comic
nC
comedian
comic
adj
comical
adj
comedienne
nC
comet
comet
nC
1
comfort
pleasant
comfortable
adj
comfort
nCU
uncomfortable
neg
discomfort
nCU
uncomfortably
neg
feelings,
adj
adv
surroundings,
etc
2
comfort
comfort
vT
sympathise,
soothe
comfort
nU
comforting
adj
comma
comma
nC
inverted
commas
n
pl
see
also
@
invert
1
command
order
command
nC
command
vT
2
command
lead
command
nU
command
vT
commanding
adj
commander
nC
in
command
take
command
commander-‐in-‐chief
nC
see
also
@
chief
111
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
command
post
nC
5
see
also
@
post
commemorate
see
commemorate
vT
commemoration
nU
@
memory
commemorative
adj
commence
commence
vIT
commencement
nU
formal
comment/
comment
nCU
comment
vIT
commentary
nCU
commentate
vI
commentary
commentator
nC
commerce/
commercial
adj
commerce
nU
commercially
adv
chamber
of
1
commercial commerce
nC
see
also
@
chamber
2
commercial
commercial
nC
advertisement
1
commission
official
commission
nC
commissioner
nC
committee
2
commission
start
commission
vT
1
commit
do
sth
commit
vT
commit
suicide
see
illegal
also
@
suicide
2
commit /committed
commitment
nU
committed
adj
commit
vI
believe
in/support
non-‐committal
neg
sth
adj
committee
committee
nC
sub-‐committee
nC
112
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
commons
the
Commons
nU
Brit
the
House
of
Commons
nU
Brit
commonplace
commonplace
adj
telecommunications
telecommunication
nU
adj
telecom
adj
informal
communion
communion
nU
religious
ceremony
communism
communist
nC
communist
adj
communism
nU
113
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
compartment
compartment
nC
compartmentalize
vT
Brit
compass
device
for
compass
nC
finding
direction
compassion
compassion
nU
compassionate
adj
compassionately
adv
compete/
competition
nCU
compete
vI
competitive
adj
competitor
nC
competing
adj
uncompetitive
neg
competition
competitiveness
nU
adj
competent
competence
nCU
competent
adj
incompetent
neg
adj
competently
adv
incompetently
neg
adv
incompetence
nU
compile
compile
vT
compilation
nC
compiler
nC
114
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
great,
total
completely
adv
3
complete
fill
in
complete
vT
form,
etc
1
complex
complex
adj
complexity
nCU
complicated
2
complex
group
of
complex
nC
buildings
3
complex
complex
nC
psychological
condition
complexion
complexion
nC
117
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
current concurrently
adv
condemn
condemn
vT
condemnation
nU
condemned
adj
118
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
confidence
secrecy
confide
vIT/confide
confidentiality
nU
confidence
nC
in
phr
v
in
confidence
confidential
adj
take
(sb)
into
one’s
confidence
2
confidence
confidence
nU
confidence
nU
trust
confidently
adv
self-‐confidence
nU/
certainty,
etc
certainty
confident
adj
self-‐confident
adj
see
also
@
self
configuration
configuration
nCU
configure
vT
119
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
conjunction
(with)
1
connect
join,
etc
connection
nC
joint,
connect
vIT
join
connect
vT
put
disconnect
vT
connected
adj
etc
through
by
phone
disconnected
neg
connection
nC
adj
electrical,
telephone,
connecting
adj
etc
connection
nC
transport
2
connect
relate
connect
vT
connected
adj
connection
nC
unconnected
neg
adj
in
connection
with
conquer/conquest
conquer
vIT
conquest
nCU
conquered
adj
conqueror
nC
conquering
adj
conscience
conscience
nCU
in
all/good
conscience
on
one’s
conscience
have
a
clear/guilty
conscience
see
also
1
@
clear /guilty
conscientious
conscientious
adj
conscientiously
adv
1
conscious
awake
conscious
adj
unconscious
neg
adj
unconsciousness
nU
consciousness
nU
2
conscious
aware
conscious
adj
aware
conscious
adj
self-‐conscious/
deliberate
consciousness
nU
consciously
adv
see
also
@
self/self-‐
deliberately
subconscious
nU/adj
unconscious
neg
adj
subconsciously
adv
unconsciously
neg
adv
consecutive
consecutive
adj
consecutively
adv
consistent consistent adj consistently adv consistency nU inconsistent neg adj inconsistency nCU
121
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
constant
constant
adj
constantly
adv
constant
nC
contain
see
also
@
contain
vT
container
nC
container
nC
for
self-‐contained
adj
1
content /contents
general:
box,
etc
transportation
see
also
@
self/self-‐
contaminate
contaminate
vT
uncontaminated
neg
contaminated
adj
adj
contamination
nU
contemplate
contemplate
vT
contemplation
nU
123
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
also
@
conceive /
contraceptive
adj
conception
1
contract
legal
contract
nC
contractor
nC
contractual
adj
contract
vT
agreement
2
contract
get
contract
vI
contraction
nC
contracting
adj
smaller
contradict
contradiction
nCU
contradict
vT
self-‐contradicting
contradictory
adj
adj
self-‐contradiction
nCU
see
also
@
self
contrary
contrary
adj
the
contrary
n
sing
on
the
contrary
exclam
to
the
contrary
contrast
contrast
nCU
contrast
vI
contrasting
adj
by/in
contrast
in
contrast
to/with
contribute
contribute
vT
contributor
nC
contributory
adj
contribution
nC
control
control
nCU
controlled
adj
uncontrolled
neg
adj
birth
control
nU
see
control
vT
controller
nC
also
@
birth
border
control
nU
see
also
@
border
control
room
nC
see
1
also
@
room
control
tower
nC
see
also
@
tower
passport
control
nU
see
also
@
passport
remote
control
nCU
see
also
@
remote
self-‐control
nU
see
also
@
self
uncontrollable
neg
adj
124
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
uncontrollably
neg
adv
in/under
control
out
of
control
controversy
controversy
nCU
controversially
asdv
controversial
adj
uncontroversial
neg
adj
uncontroversially
neg
adv
convene
see
also
@
convene
vIT
2
convention convention
nC
conference
convenience
convenient
adj
convenience
nU
conveniently
adv
inconveniently
adv
inconvenience
nU
convenience
nC
inconvenient
adj
lavatory
public
convenience
nC
see
also
@
public
convent
convent
nC
1
convention
convention
nCU
convention
nCU
unconventional
neg
tradition
conventional
adj
conventional
adj
adj
conventionally
adv
unconventionally
neg
adv
2
convention
convention
nC
conference;
see
also
@
convene
converge
converge
vI
convergence
nCU
conversation
conversation
nC
conversational
adj
converse
vI
conversely
conversely
adv
converse
n
sing
126
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
adj
coordinate
coordinate
vT
coordination
nU
coordinate
nC
coordinator
nC
uncoordinated
neg
adj
3
cop/copper
police
cop/copper
nC
informal
cope/cope
with
cope
vI
cope
with
phr
v
1
copper
metal
copper
nU
copper
adj
composition;
colour
2
copper
coin
copper
nC
Brit
usu
pl
copy
copy
nC
duplicate
copy
nC
book,
copy
nC
fake
copycat
nC
see
also
copy
vT
paper,
etc
@
cat
copier
nC
photocopy
vT
photocopy
nC
photocopier
nC
photocopied
adj
copyright
copyright
nCU
copyright
vT
correct
correct
adj
correct
vT
grade
correct
vT
rectify
correction
nC
act,
correctness
nU
academic
work
correctly
adv
instance
of
corrective
adj
incorrect
neg
adj
correcting
incorrectly
neg
adv
correlate
correlation
nC
correlate
vIT
formal
correlated
adj
uncorrelated
neg
adj
1
correspond
match,
correspond
vI
correspondence
nC
be
alike
corresponding
adj
correspondingly
adv
2
correspond
write
correspond
vI
formal
correspondence
nU
letters
correspondent
nC
reporter
corridor
corridor
nC
130
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
country
nation
country
nC
nation,
country
n
sing
state
country’s
population
2
country
rural
area
country
nU
cross-‐country
adj
see
1
country
adj
also
@
cross
countryside
nU
county
county
nC
131
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
also
@
race
1
court
legal
building
court
nCU
courthouse
nC
esp
law
court/court
of
Am
see
also
@
2
law
nC
see
also
@
house
1
law courtroom
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
1
room
2
court
try
to
gain
court
vT
favour
3
court
tennis
etc
court
nC
tennis
court
nC
see
ground
also
@
tennis
courtesy
courtesy
nCU
courteous
adj
courteously
adv
discourteously
neg
adv
discourtesy
nCU
discourteous
neg
adj
courtyard
see
also
courtyard
nC
2
@
yard
cousin
cousin
nC
1
cover
place
sth
over
cover
vT
cover
nC
lid,
outside
uncover
vT
covering
nU
sth
of
book,
etc
covered
adj
uncovered
neg
adj
cover
up
phr
v
place
cover
over
sth
cover
up
phr
v
conceal
cover-‐up
nC
take
cover
under
cover
2
cover
news,
etc
cover
vT
coverage
nU
cow
cow
nC
cowboy
nC
see
also
sacred
cow
nC
see
@
boy
also
@
sacred
132
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
coward
coward
nC
cowardice
nU
cowardly
adj
cozy/cosy
cozy
adj
esp
Am/
cosy
cozily
adv
Am/cosily
adj
esp
Brit
adv
Brit
coziness
nU
Am/
cosiness
nU
Brit
crab
crab
nC
crack
partial
break
crack
nC
crack
vT
cracked
adj
crack
down
(on)
phr
v
crackdown
nC
crack
up
phr
v
crackle
vI
crackle
nCU
crackling
nU
cracker
see
also
@
cracker
nC
esp
Am
biscuit
cradle
cradle
nC
cradle
vT
1
craft
skilled
work
craft
nC
craft
vT
craftsmanship
nU
craftsman
nC
see
also
witchcraft
nU
see
3
@
man also
@
witch
arts
and
crafts
n
pl
1
see
also
@
art
2
craft
boat,
vehicle,
aircraft
nC
see
also
craft
nC
hovercraft
nC
Brit
2
etc
@
air
spacecraft
nC
see
see
also
@
hover
2
also
@
space
cram
cram
vT
cram
in
phr
v
crammed
adj
cranberry
cranberry
nC
see
also
@
berry
crane
lifting
crane
nC
machine
crap
crap
nU
informal
crap
vI
informal
crap
adj
informal
133
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
crap!
exclam
informal
crappy
adj
informal
crash
crash
nC
accident,
crash
helmet
nC
see
collision
also
@
helmet
crash
vI
crate
crate
nC
crate
vT
crawl
crawl
vI
move
on
all
crawl
vI
move
slowly
crawling
adj
fours
crawl
nC
slow
movement
crazy
crazy
adj
informal
insane
1
cream
thick
milk
&
cream
nU
thick
milk
creamy
adj
cream
n
sing
the
semi-‐liquid
cream
nCU
semi-‐
best
part
of
sth
substances
liquid
substance
cream
off
phr
v
ice
cream
nCU
see
remove
best
part
also
@
ice
shaving
cream
nU
see
also
@
shave
2
cream
colour
cream
nU/adj
creamy
adj
create/creature
create
vT
creation
nCU
creative
adj
creativity
nU
creatively
adv
creature
nC
creator
nC
recreate
vT
procreate
vIT
procreation
nU
credential
credential
nC
usu
pl
credible
incredibly
neg
adv
incredible
neg
adj
credible
adj
credibly
adv
credibility
nU
credit
paying
after
credit
nU
credit
card
nC
see
creditor
nC
credit
vT
1
purchase
also
@
card
134
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
creed
creed
nC
135
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
crooked
crooked
adj
bent
crook
nC
informal
criminal
crooked
adj
informal
criminal
1
crop
plant
crop
nC
2
crop
trim,
cut
short
crop
vT
cropped
adj
1
cross
move
across,
cross
vIT
crossing
nC
street,
crossroads
n
pl
see
crossing
nC
journey
cross-‐section
nC
see
cross-‐country
adj
2
intersect
railway,
etc
also
@
road
across
also
@
section
see
also
@
country
cross-‐sectional
adj
see
also
@
section
level
crossing
nC
Brit
2
see
also
@
level
pedestrian
crossing
nC
see
also
@
pedestrian
railroad
crossing
nC
1
Am
see
also
@
rail
zebra
crossing
nC
Brit
see
also
@
zebra
2
cross
symbol
x/+
cross
nC
symbol
cross
vT
fold
one’s
cross
off/out
phr
v
cross
nC
ornament,
arms,
legs,
fingers,
cross
one’s
fingers
structure,
etc
etc
3
cross
mixture
cross
nC
cross
vT
4
cross
angry
cross
adj
crossly
adv
136
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
crown
crown
nC
royal
crown
nC
top
of
sth
–
crowned
adj
headgear
head,
hill,
etc
crown
vT
crucial
crucial
adj
crucially
adv
crux
n
usu
sing
137
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
cube
cube
nC
cubic
adj
138
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
etc
cupful
nC
cup
and
saucer
see
also
@
saucer
cupboard
cupboard
nC
142
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
dare
dare
vI
dare
nC
daring
nU
daring
adj
daredevil
nC/adj
see
also
@
devil
dark
dark
adj
not
light
dark/the
dark
nU
darken
vIT
darkly
adv
dark
adj
colour
darkness
nU
in
the
dark
not
knowing
before/after
dark
darling
darling
nC
darling
adj
1
dart
move
quickly
dart
vI
2
dart
weapon;
for
dart
nC
darts
n
sing
board
board
game
game
1
dash
run,
hurry
dash
vI
dash
off
phr
v
dash
nC
2
dash
punctuation
dash
nC
144
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
someday
adv
to
the
day
call
it
a
day
carry
the
day
1
dead
not
alive;
see
dead
adj
deadly
adj
the
dead
nU
also
@
death,
die
death
nCU
2
dead
completely
dead
adv
informal
deadly
adv
informal
dead
end
nC
see
also
@
end
the
dead
of
night
see
also
@
night
deadlock
nU
deadlocked
adj
see
also
@
lock
deadline
deadline
nC
147
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
decree
decree
nC
decree
vT
decree
nisi
nC
Brit
decree
absolute
nC
Brit
see
also
@
absolute
1
dedicate
be
dedicate
vT
dedicated
adj
commiteed
to
dedication
nU
2
dedicate
in
dedicate
vT
dedication
nC
memory
deduct
deduct
vT
deductible
adj
deduction
nC
deed
deed
nC
misdeed
nC
148
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
defend/defence/
defence
nCU
Brit/
defend
vT
defendant
nC
defender
nC
defenceless
adj
Brit/
defense
defense
nCU
Am
defensive
adj
defenseless
adj
Am
defending
adj
defensive
nU/on
the
defensive
defensively
adv
defensible
adj
indefensible
neg
adj
self-‐defence
nU
Brit/
self-‐defense
nU
Am
see
also
@
self
defer
defer
vIT
deferment
nCU
deferral
nCU
deficiency
deficiency
nCU
deficient
adj
149
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
delay
delay
nCU
without
delay
delay
vIT
usu
pass
delaying
tactics
npl
happen
later
see
also
@
tactic
delay
vT
cause
delay
delay
vI
hesitate
delayed
adj
delegate
delegate
nC
delegation
nC
democracy
democracy
nU
undemocratic
neg
Democrat
nC
esp
Am
democrat
nC
political
system
adj
member
of
democracy
nC
Democratic
Party
150
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
democratic
state
democratic
adj
demographic
demographic
adj
demographics
n
pl
deny
deny
vT
say
that
sth
deny
vT
refuse,
denial
nCU
undeniable
adj
is
untrue
prevent
undeniably
adv
depart
see
also
@
departure
nCU
depart
vI
2
part
department
department
nC
department
store
nC
departmental
adj
fire
department
nC
esp
2
1
see
also
@
store Am
see
also
@
fire
1
depend /it/that
depend
vT/it
depending/
depends
depends/that
depending
on
depends
2
depend /depend
depend
vT
dependent
adj
dependence/
dependability
nU
on/upon
support,
depend
on/upon
phr
dependent
on/upon
dependency
nU
dependant
nC
Brit/
rely;
see
also
@
v
dependent
nC
Am
independent
independent
adj
independent
adj
not
independent
adj
independently
adv
151
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
unbiased
dependent
politically
independence
nU
independence
nU
independent
personal
political
independent
nC
independence
independence
depict
see
also
@
depict
vT
depiction
nCU
picture
deplore
deplore
vT
formal
152
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
descend
go
down
descend
vIT
descent
nCU
2
descend
family
descend
vI
descent
nU
descendant
nC
describe/
describe
vT
description
nC
descriptive
adj
descriptively
adv
description
indescribable
neg
adj
indescribably
neg
adv
of
every
description/
of
all
descriptions
1
desert
dry,
sandy
desert
nC
area
2
desert
abandon
desert
vT
deserted
adj
153
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
desk
desk
nC
office
desk
nC
counter
desktop
nC
furniture
information
desk
nC
see
also
@
inform/
information
despair/desperate
desperate
adj
filled
desperately
adv
despair
nU
desperate
adj
extreme
in
despair
with
despair
despair
vI
desperation
nU
despair
of
sb/sth
despatch/dispatch
despatch/dispatch
despatch/dispatch
n
vT
sing
despite
see
also
@
despite
prep
2
spite
dessert
dessert
nCU
154
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
determine
determine
vT
decide
determination
nU
determined
adj
determine
vT
will
power
strong-‐willed
discover
deter
deter
vIT
deterrence
nU
deterrent
nC
detour
see
also
@
detour
nC
tour
detour
vI
detrimental
detrimental
adj
detriment
nU
detrimentally
adv
devalue
see
also
@
devalue
vIT
value
devaluation
nCU
devastate
devastating
adj
devastate
vT
devastated
adj
devastation
nU
1
develop
grow,
start
develop
vI
grow,
develop
vI
start
to
development
nC
developed
adj
undeveloped
neg
adj
to
happen
progress
happen
new
event
economically
underdeveloped
adj
development
nU
develop
vT
catch
development
nCU
advanced
change,
growth
illness
making
new
product
developmental
adj
developing
adj
developing
economically
2
develop
build
develop
vT
build
developer
nC
redevelop
vT
undeveloped
neg
adj
property
etc
builder
redevelopment
nCU
development
nC
building
project
deviate
deviate
vI
deviance
nU
deviation
nCU
deviant
adj
device/devise
device
nC
devise
vT
leave
sb
to
their
own
devices
devil
devil
nC
devilment
nU
the
devil
n
sing
bedevil
vT
daredevil
nC/adj
see
also
@
dare
devious
devious
adj
deviously
adv
155
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
devoid
see
@
void
devoid
adj
devote
devote
vT
spend
devoted
adj
devotion
nU
devotee
nC
time
or
effort
devote
oneself
to
diabetes
diabetes
nU
diabetic
adj
diabetic
nC
diagnose
diagnosis
nCU
diagnose
vT
identify
diagnostic
adj
diagnosed
adj
medical
problem
undiagnosed
neg
adj
diagonal
diagonal
adj
diagonally
adv
diagnonal
nC
diagram
diagram
nC
diagrammatic
adj
die/dying
see
also
die
vI
opp
live
dying
adj
dying/the
dying
nU
@
death
die
vI
disappear
die
away
phr
v
die
down
phr
v
die
for/be
dying
for
phr
v
die
off
phr
v
die
out
phr
v
die
to/be
dying
to
phr
v
diesel
diesel
nU
fuel
diesel
nC
vehicle
diet
diet
nCU
normal
diet
vI
dietary
adj
dietician
nC
food
intake
on
a
diet
diet
nC
slimming
differ/different/
difference
nCU
opp.
differ
vI
differ
vI
disagree
make
a
(big/great)
differentiate
similarity
differ
from
phr
v
difference
different
adj
differently
adv
not
make
any
difference
tell
the
difference
2
see
also
@
tell
differentiate
vIT
differentiated
adj
differentiation
nU
undifferentiated
neg
differential
nC
adj
difficult
difficult
adj
not
easy
difficulty
nC
in
difficulties
difficult
adj
have
difficulty
in
unfriendly
doing
sth
with
difficulty
dig
dig
vIT
digging
nU
digger
nC
dig
in
phr
v
dig
out
phr
v
dig
up
phr
v
digest
digest
vT
157
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
digestion
nU
digestive
adj
indigestion
nU
digit
digit
nC
159
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
dirt
soil
dirt
nU
esp.
Am
160
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
discipline
discipline
nU
discipline
vT
disciplinary
adj
disciplined
adj
disciplinarian
nC
self-‐discipline
nU
self-‐disciplined
adj
see
also
@
self
disclose
disclose
vT
disclosure
nCU
disclosed
adj
undisclosed
neg
adj
disco/discotheque
disco
nC
discotheque
nC
discolour/discolor
discolour
vIT
Brit/
see
also
@
colour/
discolor
vIT
Am
color
discoloration
nU
discomfort
see
also
discomfort
nCU
1
@
comfort
disconnect
see
also
disconnect
vT
disconnected
adj
@
connect
discontent
see
also
discontent
nU
discontented
adj
2
@
content
discount
price
discount
nC
discount
vT
discounted
adj
reduction
discourage
see
also
discourage
vT
discouraging
adj
@
courage
discouraged
adj
discouragement
nU
discourse
discourse
nC
161
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
discriminate
treat
discrimination
nU
discriminate
vI
discriminatory
adj
unfairly
discuss
discuss
vT
discussion
nC
disease
disease
nCU
diseased
adj
162
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
illusion
disillusionment
neg
nU
disinfectant
see
also
disinfectant
adj
@
infect
disinfectant
nCU
disinfect
vT
disinherit
see
also
disinherit
vT
@
inherit
disintegrate
disintegrate
vI
disintegration
nU
1
disk /disc
disc
nC
Brit/disk
nC
Am
flat
circular
object
2
disk
disk
nC
for
DJ
nC
abbrev
=
disk/
recordings,
disc
jockey;
see
also
computers,
etc
@
jockey
disk/disc
jockey
nC
see
also
@
jockey
dislike
see
also
@
dislike
nCU
dislike
vT
like
disloyal
see
also
@
disloyal
neg
adj
loyal
disloyalty
nU
dismal
dismal
adj
dismally
adv
163
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
disorder
illness
disorder
nCU
eating
disorder
nU
see
also
@
eat/
eating
disorganized
see
disorganized
adj
not
also
@
organize/
planned
organized
disorganized
adj
not
good
at
planning
disorganization
nU
disoriented/
disoriented/
disorientated
see
@
disorientated
adj
orientation
disorientation
nU
dispatch/despatch
despatch/dispatch
despatch/dispatch
n
vT
sing
dispense
dispense
vT
dispense
with
phr
v
164
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
indisputably
adv
in
dispute
disqualify
see
also
disqualify
vT
disqualification
nCU
@
qualify
disregard
see
also
@
disregard
vT
regard
disregard
nU
disrespect
see
also
disrespect
nU
@
respect
disrespect
vT
esp
Am
disrespectful
adj
disrupt
see
also
@
disrupt
vT
disruptive
adj
rupture
disruption
nCU
dissatisfy
see
also
@
dissatisfy
vT
satisfy
dissatisfied
adj
dissatisfaction
nU
dissemination
disseminate
vT
dissemination
nU
dissent
dissent
nU
dissent
vI
dissenter
nC
dissertation
dissertation
nC
165
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
distinct
adj
clearly
honour
seen/heard,
etc
indistinct
neg
adj
distinction
nC
difference
1
distinguish
distinguish
vIT
distinguish
vIT
differentiate,
etc
differentiate
clearly
see
indistinguishable
neg
adj
2
distinguish
become
distinguish
oneself
respected
vI
distinguished
adj
distort
distort
vT
distorted
adj
distortion
nCU
distract
distract
vT
distracted
adj
distraction
nCU
distress
distress
nU
worry
distress
vT
distressed
adj
distressing
adj
distribute
distribute
vI
distributor
nC
redistribution
nU
distributed
adj
distribution
nCU
redistribute
vT
district
district
nC
166
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
use/used
ditch
ditch
nC
ditch
vT
informal
get
rid
of,
throw
away
dive
dive
vI
jump
diver
nC
diving
nU
headfirst
diving
adj
dive
vI
scuba,
diving
board
nC
see
1
submarine,
etc
also
@
board
dive
vI
informal
enter
suddenly
dive
nC
diverse
diverse
adj
diversify
vIT
diversity
nU
diversification
nU
biodiversity
nU
divert
divert
vT
diversion
nC
diverted
adj
1
divide
separate
divide
vT
separate
division
nC
army
group
divide
into
phr
v
divide
vT
share
division
nC
sports
divide
up
phr
v
divide
vT
mark
league
divide
nC
boundary
division
nC
company
divisive
adj
division
nC
part
department
sub-‐division
nC
division
nU
act,
divisional
adj
divided
highway
nC
instance
divided
adj
Am
see
also
@
highway,
dual
carriageway
2
divide
calculate
÷
divide
vT
division
nU
divisible
adj
divorce
divorce
nCU
end
of
divorce
vIT
end
divorce
vIT
marriage
marriage
separate,
dissociate
divorced
adj
divorce
nCU
separation
dizzy
dizzy
adj
dizziness
nU
167
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
DJ
see
also
@
DJ
nC
abbrev
=disc/
disc/disk,
jockey
disk
jockey
1
do
aux
do
aux
questions/
negatives
do
aux
avoiding
repetition
do
aux
emphasis/
contrast
2
do
perform,
etc
do
vT
perform,
act
do
vT
study
a
do
vI
finish
how
do
you
do?
do
vT
deal
with
sth
subject
done
adj
finished
greeting
do
vT
produce,
do
vIT
be
acceptable
that’ll
do
be
cause
do
vT
cook
sufficient,
satisfactory
do
one’s
best
wrongdoing
nU
see
also
@
wrong
undo
vT
unfasten
outdo
vT
overdo
vT
undo
vT
destroy,
reverse
3
do
phrasal
verbs
do
with/done
with
do
away
with
phr
v
phr
v
finish
abolish,
kill
do
sb
in
phr
v
kill
do
out
of
phr
v
deprive
do
up
phr
v
fasten
do
up
phr
v
refurbish
do
with
phr
v
need
to
do
with
connected/
sth/
nothing
to
do
with
do
without
phr
v
not
have
sth
dock
dock
nC
dock
vIT
168
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
docker
nC
dockyard
nC
see
2
also
@
yard
1
doctor
physician
doctor
nC
the
doctor’s/go
to
doctor
vT
the
doctor’s
witch-‐doctor
nC
see
also
@
witch
2
doctor
academic
doctor
nC
doctoral
adj
title/PhD
doctorate
nCU
doctrine
doctrine
nCU
doctrinal
adj
169
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
see
also
@
house
in
the
doghouse
dole
dole
nU
Brit
on
the
dole
unemployment
pay
doll
doll
nC
dolly
nC
informal
dollar/$
dollar
nC
door
door
nC
outdoors
adv
outdoor
adj
indoors
adv
indoor
adj
behind
closed
doors
out
of
doors
doorway
nC
see
also
next
door
adj
front
door
nC
see
also
doorbell
nC
see
also
3
@
way @
front
@
bell
back
door
nC
see
also
doorknob
nC
see
1
@
back also
@
knob
doorstep
nC
see
also
@
doorman
nC
see
3
step
also
@
man
170
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
doormat
nC
see
also
@
mat
dorm/dormitory
dorm
nC
abbrev
dormitory
town
nC
dormitory
nC
Brit
see
also
@
town,
bed/bedroom
dose
dose
nC
dose
vT
dosage
nU
overdose
nC
overdose
vI
dot
dot
nC
dot
vT
dotted
adj
double
double
adj
with
two
double
vIT
double
nC
sth
twice
double
nC
lookalike
doubly
adv
double
back
phr
v
parts,
etc
double
adv
normal
size
double
up
phr
v
double
adj
twice
as
double-‐breasted
adj
much;
for
two
see
also
@
breast
people
double-‐check
vIT
1
double
room
nC
see
see
also
@
check
1
also
@
room double
chin
nC
see
also
@
chin
double-‐glazing
nU
see
also
@
glass/
glaze
doubt
see
also
@
doubt
nCU
doubt
vT
doubtful
adj
doubtless
adv
doubtfully
adv
dubious
undoubtedly
adv
uncertain,
unlikely
undoubted
neg
adj
beyond/without
(a)
doubt
without
a
shadow
of
a
doubt
see
also
@
shadow
in
doubt
no
doubt
dough
dough
nC
doughnut
nC/
donut
nC
Am
1
down
adv
down
adv
lower
downwards
adv
Brit/
downward
adj
see
also
171
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
position
downward
adv
Am
@
ward
2
see
also
@
ward
2
down
prep
down
prep
lower
down
vT
position
downed
adj
down
prep
along
road,
river,
etc
3
down
adj
unhappy
down
adj
down
in
the
dumps
see
also
@
dump
4
down
adj
not
down
adj
working
5
down
compounds
downstairs
adj/adv
downtown
adj/adv
downfall
n
sing
see
downgrade
vT/nC
1
1
see
also
@
stair
Am
see
also
@
town
also
@
fall see
also
@
grade
downhill
adj
see
also
@
hill
downstream
adv
1
see
also
@
stream
download
see
also
download
vIT
download
nC
downloadable
adj
2
@
load
dozen
dozen
number
dozens
lots
of
173
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
drawing
room
see
drawing
room
nC
1
also
@
room
dread
dread
vT
dread
nU
dreadfully
adv
dreadful
adj
dream
dream
nC
in
sleep
dream
vI
in
sleep
dream
nC
hope,
undreamed/
ambition
undreamt
of
dream
vIT
hope,
wouldn’t
dream
of
wish
sth/doing
sth
dream
up
phr
v
pipedream
nC
see
also
@
pipe
1
dress
frock
dress
nC
dressmaking
nU
dressmaker
nC
2
dress
put
clothes
dress
nU
clothing
dressed
adj
undress
vIT
dressing
gown
nC
on,
wear
undressed
neg
adj
see
also
@
gown
get
dressed/
evening
dress
nU
undressed
fancy
dress
nU
Brit
3
see
also
@
fancy
3
dress
prepare,
dressing
nCU
sauce
hairdresser
nC
see
also
hairdressing
nU
arrange/
dressing
@
hair
window-‐dressing
nU
see
also
@
window
drift
drift
vI
drift
nC
snowdrift
nC
driftwood
nU
see
2
also
@
wood
drill
tool,
bore
drill
nC
drilling
nU
drill
vIT
drink
see
also
@
drink
vIT
swallow
drink
vI
drink
drinking
nU
drinker
nC
soft
drink
nC
see
2
drunk
liquid
alcohol
also
@
soft
drink
nC
any
liquid
drink
nCU
alcohol
drip
drip
vI
dripping
nU
drip
nC
1
drive
car,
truck,
etc
drive
vIT
drive
nC
racing
driver
nC
see
driving
nU
drive-‐in
adj
1
driver
nC
driving
licence
nC
also
@
race drive-‐in
nC
esp
Am
Brit/
driver’s
license
taxi
driver
nC
see
drive
away/off
phr
v
174
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
nC
Am
see
also
@
also
@
taxi
licence/
license
2
drive
force
sb/sth
drive
vT
screwdriver
nC
see
to
go
somewhere/do
also
@
screw
sth
drive
sb
mad,
crazy,
etc
slave
driver
nC
see
also
@
slave
3
drive
drive
nU
driven
adj
determination
determined
1
drop
fall,
let
fall
drop
vT
fall,
let
fall
drop
vIT
move
lower
drop
by/in
phr
v
drop
nC
vertical
visit
distance
drop
off
phr
v
take
drop
nC
reduction
sb
somewhere
drop
off
phr
v
go
to
sleep
2
drop
small
amount
drop
nC
small
droplet
nC
of
liquid
amount
of
liquid
eyedrop
nC
see
also
@
eye
raindrop
nC
see
also
@
rain
teardrop
nC
see
also
2
@
tear
3
drop
stop
doing
sth
drop
vT
stop
doing
drop
out
phr
v
of
drop
off
phr
v
sth
team,
school,
etc
decline
drop
vT
not
include
dropout
nC
sb/sth
drought
drought
nCU
175
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
see
also
@
addict/
addiction
drug
dealer
nC
see
2
also
@
deal
drum
drum
nC
instrument
drummer
nC
drum
nC
container
drum
vI
drum
up
phr
v
drumbeat
nC
see
also
@
drum
eardrum
nC
see
also
1
@
ear
drunk
see
also
@
drunk
adj
drunken
adj
drunk
nC
drink
drunkard
nC
drunkenly
adv
drunkenness
nU
dry
dry
adj
opp.
wet
dried
adj
dry
adj
wine:
opp.
hairdryer
nC
see
sweet
also
@
hair
dryness
nU
drying
nU
dryly/drily
adv
drier/dryer
nC
the
dry
nU
Brit
dry
cleaning
nU
see
also
@
clean
dry
out
phr
v
dry
up
phr
v
dual
dual
adj
duality
nCU
dual
carriageway
nC
1
see
also
@
carriage ,
3
way
dub
name
dub
vT
Ee
each
each
pron/det
each
other
pron
179
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
uneasiness
nU
at
ease
ill
at
ease
see
also
2
@
ill
ease
into
phr
v
ease
off/up
phr
v
with
ease
east
see
also
@
east
nU
the
East
n
sing
northeast/north-‐
eastward/eastwards
easternmost
adj
north,
south,
west
east
adj/adv
eastern
adj
east
nU/adj
adv
northeastern
adj
southeast/south-‐
east
nU/adj
southeastern
adj
Easter
Easter
nCU
Easter
egg
nC
see
also
@
egg
Easter
bunny
nC
see
also
@
bunny
easy
see
also
@
easy
adj
easy
adv
ease
vT
ease
nU
uneasy
neg
adj
easier
said
than
ease
easily
adv
done
take
it/things
easy
easy-‐going
adj
unease
nU
uneasily
adv
uneasiness
nU
at
ease
ill
at
ease
see
also
2
@
ill
ease
off/up
phr
v
with
ease
eat
see
also
@
eat
vIT
eating
nU
eating
disorder
nC
eat
out
phr
v
2
edible
see
also
@
disorder eatable
adj
eater
nC
eccentric
eccentric
adj
eccentricity
nCU
eccentric
nC
180
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
echo
echo
vT
echo
nC
edit
editor
nC
edition
nC
format
of
edit
vT
editorial
nC
book,
etc
editorial
adj
edition
nC
particular
version
of
newspaper,
etc
edition
nC
printing
–
st
1
edition,
etc
educate
education
nU
educational
adj
educate
vT
uneducated
neg
adj
educationally
adv
educated
adj
educator
nC
eerie
eerie
adj
eerily
adv
effect
see
also
@
effect
nCU
effectively
adv
effectiveness
nU
effect
vT
formal
ineffective
neg
adj
be
of
no
effect
affect
effective
adj
bring/carry/put
into
effect
come/go
into
effect
have
an
effect
on
in
effect
in
force
in
effect
in
other
words
181
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
to
no
effect
to
the
effect
that
side
effect
nC
see
4
also
@
side
take
effect
efficacy
efficacy
nU
efficacious
adj
formal
efficient
efficient
adj
efficiently
adv
inefficient
neg
adj
inefficiency
nCU
efficiency
nU
inefficiently
neg
adv
effort
effort
nCU
effortless
neg
adj
effortlessly
neg
adv
make
an
effort
spare
no
effort
egg
egg
nC
eggcup
nC
see
also
Easter
egg
nC
see
@
cup
also
@
Easter
scrambled
egg
nCU
see
also
@
scramble
eggplant
nC
esp
Am
eggshell
nCU
see
1
also
@
shell
ego
ego
nC
egocentric
adj
egoism
nU
egoist
nC
egotism
nU
egotist
nC
egotistic
adj
egotistical
adj
eight
eight
cardinal
eighth
ordinal
number
8
number
1
eighth
fraction
/8
eighteen
cardinal
eighteenth
ordinal
number
18
number/fraction
eighty
cardinal
eightieth
ordinal
number
80
number/fraction
182
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
either
see
also
@
either
pron
either
…
or
neither
either
adv
either
conj
elaborate
elaborate
adj
elaborate
vIT
elaborately
adv
elaboration
nU
elastic
elastic
nU
elasticated
adj
elastic
adj
elasticity
nU
elastic
band
nC
see
3
also
@
band
elbow
elbow
nC
elbow
vT
elbow
grease
nU
see
also
@
grease
elder
see
also
@
old
elderly
adj
eldest
sup
adj
elder
adj
elder
nC
the
elderly
n
pl
elect
election
nCU
elect
vT
elected
adj
electoral
adj
re-‐elect
vT
elector
nC
electorate
nU
re-‐election
nCU
electorally
adv
by-‐election
nC
unelected
neg
adj
electric/electricity
electricity
nU
electric
shock
nCU
electrician
nC
electrically
adv
electric
adj
see
also
@
shock
electrify
vT
electrical
adj
electrification
nU
electric
saw
nC
see
also
@
saw
electric
razor/shaver
nC
see
also
@
razor,
shave/shaver
electron
electron
nC
184
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
embargo
embargo
nC
embargo
vT
186
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
enamel
enamel
nU
187
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
put
an
end
to
sth
to
the
bitter
end
see
2
also
@
bitter
endanger
see
also
endanger
vT
@
danger
endangered
adj
1
endear
see
@
dear
endear
vT
endearing
adj
endearment
nU
endeavour/
endeavour
nCU
Brit/
endeavor
endeavor
nCU
Am
endeavour
vI
Brit/
endeavor
vI
Am
endorse
endorse
vT
endorsement
nCU
188
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
engagement
engaged
adj
engagement
nC
engagement
ring
nC
1
agreement
to
marry
see
also
@
ring
engine/engineer
engine
nC
motor
engineer
nC
engine
nC
engineer
vT
engineered
adj
designer
of
engines
locomotive
fire
engine
nC
see
also
search
engine
nC
1
etc
engineer
nC
engine
@
fire see
also
@
search
operator,
repairer
steam
engine
nC
see
engineering
nU
also
@
steam
engulf
see
also
@
engulf
vT
gulf
enhance
enhance
vT
enhanced
adj
enhancement
nCU
enjoy
see
also
@
joy
enjoy
vT
enjoy
oneself
enjoyable
adj
enjoyment
nU
enlarge
see
also
@
enlarge
vT
enlarged
adj
large
enlargement
nCU
enlighten
enlighten
vT
enlightenment
nU
enlist
enlist
vIT
enlistment
nCU
enlisted
adj
enormous
enormous
adj
enormously
adv
190
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
entrepreneur
entrepreneur
nC
entrepreneurial
adj
episode
episode
nC
event
episode
nC
in
TV
serial,
episodic
adj
etc
equal
equal
adj
equal
nC
equality
nU
inequality
nCU
unequal
neg
adj
equalize
vI
equally
adv
equal
vT
unequally
neg
adv
equation
equation
nC
191
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
era
era
nC
escape
escape
vI
get
free
escape
nCU
escape
vT
avoid
fire
escape
nC
see
also
inescapable
neg
adj
1
@
fire narrow
escape
nC
see
also
@
narrow
escort
escort
vT
escort
nC
especially
see
also
especially
adv
@
special/specially
essay
essay
nC
essayist
nC
192
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
of
the
essence
1
establish
start
establish
vT
establishment
nC
establishment
nC
formal
institution
founding
2
establish
become
establish
vT
establishment/the
accepted
established
adj
establishment
n
sing
those
in
control
3
establish
prove
establish
vT
established
adj
1
estate
area
estate
nC
area
estate
nC
Brit
housing
estate
nC
surrounding
house,
housing
estate
Brit
see
also
@
1
etc
house /
housing
industrial
estate
nC
see
also
@
industry/
industrial
estate
car
nC
Brit
see
also
@
car,
station
wagon
estate
agent
nC
Brit
see
also
@
agent
real
estate
agent
nC
Am
see
also
@
agent
2
estate
property,
estate
nC
esp.
in
sb’s
will
esteem
esteem
nU
esteemed
adj
esteem
vT
self-‐esteem
nU
see
also
@
self
esthetic/aesthetic
esthetic
adj
Am/
esthetically
adv
Am/
aesthetic
adj
Brit
aesthetically
adv
Brit
estimate
estimate
vT
estimate
nC
estimated
adj
underestimate
vT
estimation
nU
underestimate
nC
overestimate
vT
overestimate
nC
193
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
etc
etc
abbrev
194
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
(numbers);
see
also
2
@
odd
evening
see
also
@
evening
nCU
early
good
evening!
evening
nC
event
in
evening
class
nC
see
1
eve
night
greeting
see
also
@
the
evening
also
@
class
3
good evening
dress
nU
2
see
also
@
dress
evening
gown
nC
see
also
@
gown
event
event
nC
occasion
event
nC
race,
etc
at
all
events
in
any
event
in
the
event
in
the
event
that
in
the
event
of
eventual
eventually
adv
eventual
adj
1
ever
adv
at
any
ever
adv
at
any
time
forever/for
ever
adv
ever
adv
all
the
time
everlasting
adj
see
ever
since
2
time;
see
also
@
evermore
also
@
last evergreen
adj/nC
never
2
ever
adv
emphasis
ever
adv
195
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
exacerbate
exacerbate
vT
formal
exacerbation
nU
exceed/excess
exceed
vT
excess
nU
excess
adj
exceedingly
adv
excessively
adv
excessive
adj
in/to
excess
in
excess
of
excel/excellent
excellent
adj
excellence
nU
excellently
adv
excel
vIT
except/exception
except
prep
exception
nCU
exceptional
adj
exceptionally
adv
except
vT
except
for
make
an
exception
take
exception
to
excerpt
excerpt
nC
196
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
exchange
money
excite
excite
vT
excitedly
adv
excitable
adj
excited
adj
excitingly
adv
exciting
adj
unexciting
neg
adj
excitement
nU
exclaim/exclamation
exclaim
vIT
exclamation
nC
exclamation
mark
nC
2
see
also
@
mark
exclude/exclusion
exclude
vT
exclusion
nCU
excluding
prep
exclusively
adv
exclusivity
nU
excluding
all
others
exclusive
exclusive
adj
expensive
excursion
excursion
nC
1
excuse
reason
excuse
nC
reason
make
an
excuse/
excuse
nC
false
excuses
for
reason
2
excuse
forgive
excuse
vT
excuse
me!
attract
attention
excuse
me!
get
out
of
my
way
excuse
me!
when
leaving
excuse
me!
apology
excuse
me!
contradiction
excuse
me?
esp
Am
please
repeat
that
execute
execute
vT
executioner
nC
execution
nCU
executive
executive
nC
executive
adj
chief
executive/chief
manager
executive
officer
nC
see
also
@
chief
197
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
exempt
exempt
adj
exempt
vT
exemption
nCU
1
exercise
healthy
exercise
nU
exercise
vIT
activity
2
exercise
practice
exercise
nC
exercise
book
nC
1
see
also
@
book
exert
exert
vT
exertion
nCU
exert
oneself
1
exhaust
tire
exhaust
vT
exhausting
adj
exhausted
adj
exhaustion
nU
2
exhaust
use
exhaust
vT
exhaust-‐pipe
nC
see
everything
exhaust
nCU
from
also
@
pipe
engine
exhaust
the
exhaustive
adj
possibilities
see
also
@
possible/
possibility
exhibit
exhibition
nCU
exhibit
vIT
exhibitor
nC
exhibit
nC
exhibitionist
nC
make
an
exhibition
of
oneself
exile
exile
nU
exiled
adj
exile
nC
sb
in
exile
in
exile
exile
vIT
exist
exist
vI
existence
nU
existent
adj
come
into
existence
existing
adj
non-‐existent
neg
adj
exit
exit
nC
exit
vI
emergency
exit
nC
see
also
@
emergency
exotic
exotic
adj
exotically
adv
198
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
expand
on/upon
phr
v
expanse
large
area
expanse
nC
expect
expect
vT
believe
expectation
nC
expected
adj
expect
vIT
believe,
expectancy
nCU
expectant
adj
that
sth
will
happen
expect
vIT
expect
a
suppose
unexpectedly
neg
adv
expectantly
adv
baby
unexpected
neg
adj
expedition
expedition
nC
199
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
explicit
explicit
adj
clear
explicitly
adv
explode
explode
vIT
bomb,
explosive
adj
explosive
nCU
explode
vI
with
etc
anger
explosion
nC
explosively
adv
1
exploit
use
well
exploit
vT
exploitation
nU
2
exploit
treat
exploit
vT
exploitation
nU
exploitative
adj
unfairly
exploiter
nC
explore
explore
vIT
exploration
nCU
exploratory
adj
explore
vIT
physically
explorer
nC
intellectually
unexplored
neg
adj
export
see
also
@
export
nC
sth
exporter
nC
import
exported
export
nU
activity
export
vIT
expose
expose
vT
exposé
nC
exposure
nU
exposed
adj
unexposed
neg
adj
exposition
exposition
nC
expository
adj
1
express
tell
one’s
express
vT
expression
nCU
expressive
adj
expressionless
neg
feelings,
etc
expressed
feelings
adj
expression
nC
look
expressed
adj
on
one’s
face
expression
nC
phrase
2
express
clear
express
adj
formal
expressly
adv
formal
3
express
fast
express
adj
express
vT
express
adv
expressway
nC
Am
3
express
nC
fast
train
see
also
@
way
exquisite
exquisite
adj
exquisitely
adv
exquisiteness
nU
extend/extension
extend
vI
continue
extent
nU
extend
vIT
increase,
extended
adj
extensively
adv
extension
nC
extra
in
time/space
make
bigger
room
200
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
extension
nCU
extension
nC
extra
extensive
adj
telephone
to
some/a
certain
extent
by
extension
exterior
see
also
@
exterior
adj
interior
exterior
nC
external
external
adj
externally
adv
201
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
in
sb’s
eyes
keep
your/an
eye
on
sb/sth
see
eye
to
eye
set
eyes
on
sb/sth
turn
a
blind
eye
to
…
see
also
@
blind
eyeball
nC
see
also
eyesight
nU
see
also
eyebrow
nC
see
also
eyelash
nC
see
also
@
eyedrop
nC
see
also
1
1
2
@
ball @
sight @
brow
lash
@
drop
eyelid
nC
see
also
@
lid
eyeliner
nCU
see
1
also
@
line
eyesore
nC
see
also
@
sore
eyewitness
nC
see
also
@
witness
Ff
fabric
fabric
nCU
face
front
of
head
face
nC
front
of
face
up
to
phr
v
face
nC
front
surface
face-‐to-‐face
adj
deface
vT
head
face
vT
confront
facial
adj
defacement
nU
face
vT
turn
towards
sb/sth
lose
face
face
vT
accept
fact,
truth,
etc
facecloth
nC
see
also
@
cloth
faceless
neg
adj
in
the
face
of
straight
face
nC
see
also
@
straight
make/pull
a
face
202
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
long
face
nC
shame-‐faced
adj
see
1
also
@
shame
slap
in
the
face
nC
see
also
@
slap
facet
facet
nC
facility
facility
nC
building,
facilities
n
pl
facilitate
vT
formal
facilitator
nC
equipment,
etc
amenities
fact
fact
nCU
in
fact/in
actual
fact
factual
adj
as
a
matter
of
fact
factually
adv
that’s
a
fact!
faction
faction
nC
factional
adj
203
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
fair
event,
show
fair
nC
fun
fair
nC
see
also
@
fun/funny
3
fair
pale,
light
fair
adj
4
fair
reasonable,
fair
adj
average
fairly
adv
quite
fairy
fairy
nC
fairytale
nC/adj
see
also
@
tale
tooth
fairy
nC
see
also
@
tooth
1
faith
trust
faith
nU
yours
faithfully
letter
faithful
adj
loyal
faithfully
adv
faithful
adj
sexually
closure
Brit/faithfully
unfaithful
neg
adj
yours
Am
see
also
sexually
@
yours
faithfulness
nU
in
good
faith
have
faith
in
2
faith
religious
belief
faith
nU
faithful
adj
faithful
nU
204
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fall
apart
phr
v
stop
working
fall
away
phr
v
fall
back
on
phr
v
fall
behind
phr
v
fall
for
phr
v
fall
in
with
phr
v
fall
off
phr
v
decline
fall
on
phr
v
fall
out
phr
v
tooth,
hair,
etc
fall
out
phr
v
quarrel
fall
over
phr
v
fall
short
of
sth
phr
v
fall
through
phr
v
2
fall
autumn
fall
nCU
Am
see
also
@
autumn
false
false
adj
not
correct
false
adj
not
real
falsely
adv
false
adj
not
true
falsify
vT
falsehood
nC
fame/famous
famous
adj
fame
nU
famed
adj
famously
adv
defamation
nU
defamatory
adj
defame
vT
formal
infamous
adj
infamy
nU
familiar
familiar
adj
unfamiliar
adj
familiarity
nU
familiarize
vI
be
familiar
with
unfamiliarity
nU
sb/sth
family
family
nC
related
family
name
nC
see
family
nC
group
of
family
planning
nU
1
people
also
@
name
things
see
also
@
plan
family
nCU
children
family
tree
nC
see
family
adj
also
@
tree
royal
family
nC
see
also
@
royal
205
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
famine
famine
nCU
1
fan
supporter
fan
nC
fanatic
nC
2
fan
cooling
device
fan
nC
fan
vT
1
fancy
like
fancy
vT
informal
fancy
nC
fancy
oneself
Brit
take
a
fancy
to
sb/sth
fancy!/fancy
that!
exclam
2
fancy
expensive,
fancy
adj
fashionable
3
fancy
ornate
fancy
adj
fanciful
adj
fancifully
adv
fancy
dress
nU
Br
2
see
also
@
dress
4
fancy
imagine
fancy
vT
literary
fanciful
adj
fancifully
adv
fantastic
fantastic
adj
far
far
adj/adv
distant
far
adv
very
much
so
far
by
far
as/so
far
as
I
know
as
far
as
...
farther/further
far
and
wide
see
comp
adj/
adv
also
@
wide
farthest/furthest
sup
far
apart
see
also
@
adj/adv
apart
far
away
see
also
@
away
far
from
far
off
far-‐reaching
adj
see
2
also
@
reach
in
as/so
far
as
conj
1
fare
payment
for
fare
nC
fare
nC
taxi
ticket
customer
206
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
fare
manage
fare
vI
formal
farm
farm
nC
farmer
nC
farm
vIT
farming
nU
farmhouse
nC
see
also
farm
out
phr
v
2
@
house
distribute
farmland
nU
see
also
farmhand
nC
see
1
2
@
land also
@
hand
farmyard
nC
see
1
also
@
yard
fascinate
fascinating
adj
fascinate
vT
fascination
nU
fascinated
adj
208
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
favourite
adj
Brit/
neg
adj
Am
adv
Am
favorite
adj
Am
fax
fax
nC
fax
vT
fear
fear
nCU
fear
vT
be
afraid
fear
vT
formal
worry
fearful
adj
fearless
adj
feared
adj
fearfully
adv
fearlessly
adv
for
fear
of/that
in
fear
of
feasible
feasible
adj
feasibility
nCU
feasibly
adv
feast
feast
nC
feasting
nU
feast
vI
feast
one’s
eyes
see
also
@
eye
feat
feat
nC
210
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
festival
festival
nC
festive
adj
festivity
nCU
fetch
fetch
vT
collect
fierce/ferocious
fierce
adj
violent
fiercely
adv
ferocious
adj
ferocity
nU
fierce
adj
strong
ferociously
adv
wind,
sun,
etc
fierce
adj
emotion,
argument,
etc
fig
fig
nC
fig
leaf
nC
see
also
1
@
leaf
fight
fight
vIT
physical
fight
vIT
strive
fighter
nC
person,
firefighter
nC
see
firefighting
nU
see
1
1
fight
vIT
argue
aircraft,
etc
also
@
fire also
@
fire
211
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fight
nC
physical
fighting
nU
infighting
nU
fight
nC
striving
fight
against
phr
v
fight
back
phr
v
fight
for
phr
v
fight
off
phr
v
1
figure
number
figure
nC
number
figure
nC
amount
2
figure
be
figure
vI
mentioned/
included
in
sth
3
figure
shape
of
figure
nC
disfigure
vT
body
disfigurement
nCU
disfiguring
adj
disfigured
adj
4
figure think
figure
vI
esp
Am
figure
vI
informal
make
sense
figure
sth
out
phr
v
informal
5
figure
diagram,
figure
nC
table,
etc
6
figure
person
in
figure
nC
story,
events,
etc
7
figure
figure
of
figure
of
speech
see
figurative
adj
speech
also
@
speech
figuratively
adv
1
file
record
file
nC
record
filing
nU
on
file
file
nC
container
file
nC
computer
file
vT
make
a
record,
file
2
file
tool
file
nC
nail
file
nC
see
also
2
file
vT
@
nail
3
file
line
of
people,
file
nC
animals,
etc
file
vI
212
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fill
see
also
@
full
fill
vT
make
sth
full
fill
vT
take
a
job
filling
nCU
filler
nCU
fill
vT
at
dentist
have
one’s
fill
of
sb/
fill/fill
in
phr
v
put
fill
in/out
phr
v
sth
sth
into
a
space
complete
a
form,
etc
1
film
movie
film
nCU
movie
film
nCU
film
star
nC
see
also
filmmaker
nC
film
vIT
filming
nU
2
photographic
@
star
2
film
thin
layer
film
nC
final
final
adj
last
finally
adv
lastly
final
nC
in
semi-‐final
nC
finalize
vT
final
adj
decision,
competition
finalization
nU
offer,
judgement,
etc
finalist
nC
finally
adv
after
a
finale
nC
long
time
final
exam/
examination
nC
see
also
@
exam/
examination
semi-‐finalist
nC
finance
financial
adj
finance
nU
money
financially
adv
fnancier
nC
financial
year
nC
finances
n
pl
financing
nU
also
@
year
finance
vT
find
find
vT
recover
sth
find
vT
experience
find
nC
find
vT
give
verdict
lost
sb/sth
finder
nC
find
vT
discover
find
(sth)
out
phr
v
finding/findings
nC
usu
pl
1
fine good,
fine
adj
good,
fine
adj
weather
fine
adv
finery
nU
literary
enjoyable,
good
enjoyable
fine
adj
healthy
quality
2
fine
thin,
delicate
fine
adj
thin,
finely
adv
delicate
213
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fine
adj
small
3
fine
money
paid
as
fine
nC
punishment
fine
vT
finger
finger
nC
body
part
fingernail
see
also
finger
nC
sth
shaped
fingertip
nC
see
also
@
finger
vT
2
@
nail like
a
finger
tip
fingerprint
vT
see
2
fingerprint
nC
see
also
@
print
2
also
@
print keep
one’s
fingers
index
finger
nC
see
crossed
also
@
index
finish
finish
vIT
complete
finish
nC
end
finished
adj
unfinished
neg
adj
finisher
nC
finish
vIT
end
finishing
adj
finish
vIT
finish
finish
(sth)
up
phr
v
eating
finish
up
with
phr
v
finish
(sth)
off
phr
v
finish
with
sth
phr
v
finite
finite
adj
infinitely
adv
infinite
adj
infinity
nU
fir
fir
nC
fir
tree
nC
see
also
@
tree
1
fire
flames,
smoke,
fire
nCU
fire
alarm
nC
see
fire
nU
strong
bonfire
nC
catch
fire
etc
fire
nC
Brit
also
@
alarm
emotion
fiery
adj
play
with
fire
household
heater
firefighter
nC
see
fire
brigade
nC
Brit
see
put
out
a
fire
on
fire
also
@
fight
also
@
brigade
set
sth/sb
on
fire
fireman
nC
see
also
fire
department
nC
Am
firefighting
nU
see
3
@
man see
also
@
department
also
@
fight
fireplace
nC
see
also
fire
engine
nC
see
also
fireproof
adj
see
3
@
place
@
engine
also
@
proof
fire
escape
nC
see
also
@
escape
firehouse
nC
esp
Am
2
see
also
@
house
fire
service
nC
see
also
2
@
serve/
service
fire
station
nC
esp
Brit
214
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
see
also
@
station
firework
nC
2
fire
shoot
fire
vIT
shoot
firing
nU
fire
vIT
ask
gunfire
nU
see
also
ceasefire
nC
see
also
@
questions
@
gun
cease
firepower
nU
see
2
firearm
nC
see
also
@
also
@
power
2
arm under
fire
firing
squad
nC
see
also
@
squad
3
fire
dismiss,
sack
fire
vT
1
firm
hard,
solid
firm
adj
hard,
solid
firmly
adv
firm
up
phr
v
firm
adj
fixed
firmness
nU
firm
adj
definite
2
firm
company
firm
nC
first
first
ordinal
number
first/firstly
adv
in
first/the
first
pron/
first
aid
nU
see
also
order,
time,
on
list,
n
sing
@
aid
etc
at
first
first
of
all
first
adj
first
and
foremost
first
and
last
at
first
sight
see
also
1
@
sight
first
class
nU
see
first
half
nC
see
also
first-‐hand
adj
first
person
n
sing
2 2
also
@
class
@
half grammar
first-‐class
adj
see
2
also
@
class
first
floor
n
sing
see
2
also
@
floor
first
name
nC
see
also
@
name
fiscal
fiscal
adj
fiscally
adv
fiscal
year
nC
see
also
@
year
fish
nC
fish
vI
fisherman
nC
see
fish
and
chips
nU
see
fishery
nC
fish
for
phr
v
215
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
1
fish
fish
nC
fishing
nU
also
@
man also
@
chip
fishmonger
nC
fishing
rod
see
also
goldfish
nCU
fishing
boat
nC
see
@
rod
tunafish
nC
see
also
@
also
@
boat
tuna
jellyfish
nCU
see
also
@
jelly
shellfish
nU
see
also
1
@
shell
fist
fist
nC
1
fit
be
correct
size
fit
vI
fit
nC
2
fit
suit,
be
suitable
fit
vI
fitting
adj
fit
in
(with)
phr
v
fit
adj
fit
into
phr
v
fit
with
phr
v
misfit
nC
unfit
neg
adj
3
fit
healthy
fit
adj
fitness
nU
unfit
neg
adj
4
fit
seizure
fit
nC
Brit
5
fit
install
fit
vT
fitter
nC
fittings
n
pl
Brit
fit
sb/sth
in
phr
v
five/fifteen/fifty
five
cardinal
number
fifth
ordinal
number/
5
fraction
fifteen
cardinal
fifteenth
ordinal
number
15
number/fraction
fifty
cardinal
number
fiftieth
ordinal
50
number/fraction
fix
fix
vT
repair
fixed
adj
secured
fix
vIT
Brit
agree
fixture
nC
fixing
nU
fix
vT
fasten,
attach
fixed
adj
agreed
time,
price,
etc
installation
fix
up
phr
v
flag
flag
nC
flag
down
phr
v
flag
up
phr
v
flake
flake
nC
flake
vI
cornflake nC
see
also
@
corn
216
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
flame
flame
nC
flame
up
phr
v
flaming
adj
go/send
up
in
flames
inflammation
nU
inflame
vT
inflamed
adj
inflammatory
adj
flammable
adj
inflammable
adj
Brit
flap
flap
nC
flap
vI
flare
flare
nC
flare
vIT/flare
up
phr
v
flash
flash
vIT
flashing
adj
flash
nC
flashlight
nC
Am
see
1
also
@
light,
torch
in
a
flash
1
flat
level
flat
adj
level
flat
adj
unexciting
flat
adj
without
flattened
adj
flatness
nU
electrical
charge
flat
tyre
nC
Brit/flat
flat
adj
not
inflated
tire
nC
Am
see
also
flat
adv
@
tyre/tire
flatten
vIT
2
flat
apartment
Brit
flat
nC
flatmate
nC
see
also
2
@
mate
3
flat
absolute
flat
adj
flatly
adv
flavour/flavor
flavour
nCU
Brit/
flavoured
adj
Brit/
flavor
nCU
Am
flavored
adj
Am
flavour
vT
Brit/
flavouring
nCU
Brit/
flavor
vT
Am
flavoring
nCU
Am
flavourless
adj
Brit/
flavorless
adj
Am
flaw
flaw
nC
flawed
adj
flawless
neg
adj
flee
see
also
@
flee
vIT
fleeing
adj
217
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
2
flight flight
nU
take
flight
fleet
fleet
nC
218
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
floating
voter
nC
see
also
@
vote
flock
flock
nC
animals
flock
nC
people
flock
vI
flood
flood
vT
flood
nCU
flooded
adj
floodplain
nC
see
2
flooding
nU
also
@
plain
floodwaters
npl
see
also
@
water
1
floor
surface
in
floor
nC
surface
in
floor
vT
room
room
floored
adj
floor
nC
dance,
flooring
nU
factory,
etc
floorboard
nC
see
1
also
@
board
floor
show
nC
see
2
also
@
show
2
floor
level
in
floor
nC
building
ground/first/second
etc
floor
n
floral
floral
adj
flora
nU
florist
nC
flour
flour
nU
floury
adj
floured
adj
flourish
flourish
vI
flourishing
adj
flow
flow
nCU
liquid,
gas,
flow
vI
flow
nCU
people,
overflow
vIT
outflow
nC
etc
traffic,
etc
overflow
nC
cash
flow
nCU
see
flowing
adj
also
@
cash
flower
flower
nC
flower
vI
flower
bed
nC
see
flowered
adj
1
also
@
bed flowering
adj
flowery
adj
flowerpot
nC
see
also
@
pot
sunflower
nC
in
flower
219
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
flu
flu
nU
influenza
nU
folk
folk
nC
informal
folklore
nU
folk
music
nU
see
folk
adj
folksong
see
also
@
also
@
music
song
gentlefolk
n
pl
old-‐
fashioned
see
also
2
@
gentle
1
follow
go
after
follow
vIT
go
after
follow
vT
result
the
following
follow
vIT
happen
following
prep
follow-‐up
adj
subsequently
follow-‐up
nC
following
adj
follow
up
phr
v
follow
through
phr
v
as
follows
follow
suit
see
also
3
@
suit
2
follow
obey
follow
vT
obey
follow
vT
advice,
follow
vT
have
an
following
nC
recommendation,
interest
in
etc
follower
nC
3
follow understand
follow
vIT
food
see
also
@
food
nCU
cat
food
nU
see
also
foody
nC
informal
feed
@
cat
fast
food
nU
see
1
dog
food
nU
see
also
@
fast
also
@
dog
health
food
nCU
see
seafood
nCU
see
also
@
health
also
@
sea
junk
food
nCU
see
also
@
junk
foodstuff
nC
221
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
food
for
thought
fool
fool
nC
fool
vT
foolishly
adv
foolish
adj
foolishness
nU
fool
about/around
phr
v
make
a
fool
of
sb
1
foot
body
part
foot/feet
nC
body
foot/feet
nC
bottom
on
foot
footprint
nC
see
also
footpath
nC
see
also
footing
nC
2
part
of
sth
@
print @
path
footbridge
nC
see
footstep
nC
see
also
also
@
bridge
1
@
step foothold
nC
see
also
@
hold
footnote
nC
see
also
1
@
note
2
foot
12
inches
foot/feet
nC
footage
nU
222
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
forbid
forbid
vT
forbidden
adj
1
force
influence
force
nU
2
force
physical
force
nU
forceful
adj
by
force
power
force
vT
forcefully
adv
forcibly
adv
3
force
compel
force
vT
forced
adj
in/into
force
enforce
vT
see
also
enforceable
adj
@
enforce
enforced
adj
enforcement
nU
enforcer
nC
4
force
group
of
force
nC
workforce
n
sing
see
amed
forces
nC
see
2
people
air
force
nC
see
also
also
@
work
also
@
arm
2
@
air task
force
nC
see
also
@
task
fore/fore-‐
fore
n
sing
forefather
nC
see
also
1
@
father
forehead
nC
see
foreground
n
sing
forearm
nC
see
also
1
1
also
@
head @
arm
forefather
nC
see
1
also
@
father
forefront
n
sing
forerunner
nC
forecast
forecast
nC
forecaster
nC
forecast
vT
weather
forecast
nC
see
also
@
weather
foreign
foreign
adj
from
foreigner
nC
foreign
adj
external,
abroad
alien
foreman
foreman
nC
see
also
@
3
man
foremost
foremost
adj
first
and
foremost
223
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
forename
forename
nC
see
also
@
name
forensic
forensic
adj
forensically
adv
224
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
see
also
@
apply /
application
3
form
type
form
nC
4
form
shape
form
nC
formation
nC
coordinated
pattern
deformed
neg
adj
deformity
nU
5
form
current
ability
form
n
sing
be
on
good/great/
bad/etc
form
Brit/
be
in
good/great/
bad/etc
form
Am
6
form
class
at
school
form
nC
first/second/etc
Brit
former
nC
formal
formal
adj
official
informal
neg
adj
formal
adj
serious
informally
neg
adv
informality
neg
nU
formally
adv
formality
nCU
format
format
nCU
format
vT
225
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fortunate
see
also
unfortunately
neg
fortunately
adv
fortunate
adj
2
@
fortune adv
unfortunate
neg
adj
1
fortune
lots
of
fortune
nC
make
one’s
fortune
money
2
fortune
luck,
fortune
nCU
misfortune
nCU
tell
sb’s
fortune
chance;
see
also
@
fortune
teller
nC
see
1
fortunate
also
@
tell
forum
forum
nC
226
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
foundation
nC
start
etc
foundations
n
pl
of
building
foundation
charity,
foundation
nC
institution
fountain
fountain
nC
water
fountain
nC
source
fountain
pen
nC
see
also
@
pen
four/fourteen/forty
four
cardinal
fourth
ordinal
number
4
number
4th
fourteen
cardinal
fourteenth
ordinal
number
14
number/fraction
forty
cardinal
fortieth
ordinal
number
40
number/fraction
fox
fox
nC
227
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
franchise
franchise
nCU
franchise
vT
franchisee
nC
frank
frankly
adv
frank
adj
frankness
nU
230
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
in
front
of
frontier
frontier
nC
1
frost thin
covering
frost
nCU
frosty
adj
frostbite
nU
of
ice
frostbitten
adj
see
also
@
bite
2
frost
cake
frost
vT
esp
Am
frosted
adj
esp
Am
decoration;
see
also
frosting
nU
esp
Am
2
@
ice
frown
frown
vI
frown
nC
frozen
see
also
@
frozen
adj
freeze
1
fruit
apple,
orange,
fruit
nCU
fruit
juice
nCU
see
fruitcake
nCU
see
fruity
adj
etc
also
@
juice
also
@
cake
fruiterer
nC
2
fruit
result
fruits
n
pl
rewards,
fruition
nC
formal
consequences,
etc
fruitless
neg
adj
fruitful
adj
fruitlessly
neg
adv
fruitfully
adv
frustrate
frustration
nCU
frustrate
vT
frustrated
adj
frustrating
adj
fry
fry
vT
fry
nCU
frying
nU
fried
adj
fries
n
pl
Am
see
1
also
@
chip
French
fries
n
pl
Am
1
see
also
@
chip
frying
pan
nC
see
also
@
pan
1
fuck
sex
fuck
vIT
offensive
fuck
nC
offensive
2
fuck
annoyance,
fuck!
exclam
fucker
nC
offensive
intensifier
offensive
fuck
off
phr
v
fucking
adj/adv
offensive
go
away
offensive
fuck
all
nU
Brit
231
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
offensive
nothing
fuel
fuel
nCU
fuel
vT
fuel
tank
nC
see
also
1
@
tank
fulfil/fulfill
fulfil
vT
Brit/
fulfill
vT
fulfilment
nU
Brit/
fulfilled
adj
Am
fulfillment
nU
Am
unfulfilled
neg
adj
fulfilling
adj
full
see
also
@
fill
full
adj
filled,
fully
adv
full
adj
eaten
complete,
etc
enough
fullness
nU
in
full
full
name
nC
see
full-‐time
adj
see
full-‐scale
adj
see
1
1
also
@
name
also
@
time also
@
scale
full
stop
nC
Brit
see
full
time
nU
see
also
2
1
also
@
period @
time
fume
fumes
n
pl
fumigate
vT
fume
vI
fun/funny
fun
nU
sth
enjoyable
funny
adj
strange,
for
fun/for
the
fun
fun
nU
playful
unusual
of
it
energy
make
fun
of
sb
fun
adj
poke
fun
at
sb/sth
funny
adj
humorous
see
also
@
poke
fun
fair
nC
see
also
2
@
fair
function
function
nCU
function
vI
functioning
adj
functional
adj
fund
fund
nC
fund
vT
funded
adj
funding
nU
fund-‐raising
nU
pension
fund
nC
see
also
@
pension
refund
nC
refundable
adj
refund
vT
fundamental
fundamental
adj
fundamentally
adv
fundamental
n
usu
pl
fundamentalism
nU
fundamentalist
adj
232
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
fundamentalist
nC
funeral
funeral
nC
funeral
adj
gaol
see
also
@
jail
gaol/jail
nC
gaol/jail
vT
gaoler/jailer
nC
gaolbird/jailbird
nC
gap
gap
nC
hole
gap
nC
time
bridge
a/the
gap
gap
nC
difference
idiom
see
also
@
1
bridge
garage
garage
nC
vehicle
garage
nC
Brit
petrol
garage
nC
vehicle
garage
vT
store
station
repair
shop
garbage
garbage
nU
Am
garbage
nU
Am
rubbish
nonsense
garbage
man
nC
Am
3
szee
also
@
man
garden
garden
nC
esp
Brit
gardener
nC
garden
nC
usu
pl
park
green
area
beside
gardening
nU
one’s
house
for
garden
vI
flowers,
etc
garlic
garlic
nU
garlic
bread
nU
see
also
@
bread
garment
garment
nC
formal
gate
gate
nC
outside
gate
nC
at
airport,
gate-‐post
nC
see
gateway
nC
see
also
@
gated
adj
3
3
door,
etc
etc
also
@
post way gatekeeper
nC
see
2
also
@
keep /keeper
1
gather
collect
sth
gather
vT
2
gather
come
gather
vIT
gathering
nC
party,
together
etc
3
gather
understand
gather
vT
understand,
hear
gauge
gauge
nC
gauge
vT
237
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
genuine
genuine
adj
genuinely
adv
get
get
vT
obtain,
buy,
get
vT
catch,
get
vT
answer
door,
get
vT
affect
fetch,
etc
capture,
etc
phone,
etc
emotionally
get
vT
receive
get
vI/get
to
phr
v
get
vI
have
the
get
vT
get
hit,
reach
a
place,
time,
opportunity
to
do
sth
injured,
etc
etc
get
vT
receive
get
vT
catch
illness
punishment,
etc
get
vIT
become
get
vT
cause,
prepare
get
vT
prepare
a
meal
get
vI
move
get
vT
travel
by
sth
get
–
phrasal
verbs,
get
to
phr
v
reach
a
get
back
phr
v
get
sth
across
phr
v
get
about
phr
v
etc
place,
time,
etc
return
explain
travel
get
sth
back
phr
v
get/take
down
phr
v
get
along
with
phr
v
get
ahead
phr
v
retrieve
make
a
note
of
sth
like,
be
friends
progress,
succeed
get
better
see
also
get
on
with
sth
phr
v
get
at
sth
phr
v
get
at
sb
phr
v
@
better
make
progress
with
make
accessible
criticize
get
down
phr
v
get
through
phr
v
get
at
phr
v
imply,
get
away!
exclam
descend
talk
on
the
suggest
get
into
sth
phr
v
get
in
phr
v
enter
telephone
get
away
phr
v
become
interested
in
238
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
get
off
sth
phr
v
escape,
leave
sth
alight
get
away
phr
v
for
a
get
on
phr
v
informal
get
sth
on
phr
v
put
holiday
become
old
clothes
on
get
away
with
sth
get
over
phr
v
get
on
(sth)
phr
v
phr
v
avoid
convey
message
board
detection
get
around/round
get
out
phr
v
leave
get
by
phr
v
phr
v
avoid,
get
together
phr
v
manage,
cope
overcome
a
problem
meet
socially
get
down
phr
v
get
through
phr
v
get-‐together
nC
make
a
note
of
sth
finish
sth
social
meeting
get
sb
down
phr
v
get
through
(to
sb)
get
to
phr
v
reach
depress
sb
phr
v
make
sb
get
up
phr
v
stand
get
in
phr
v
arrive
understand
get
(sb)
up
phr
v
get
in/into
phr
v
be
get
up
to
phr
v
reach
waken;
get
out
of
selected,
elected
get
up
to
sth
phr
v
bed
get
in
touch
phr
v
become
involved
in
1
get
used
to
sth
see
see
also
@
touch
sth
also
@
used
get
off
phr
v
avoid
punishment
get
on
with
sb
phr
v
Brit
like,
be
friends
get
(sb/sth)
out
phr
v
release
get
out
of
sth
phr
v
avoid
get
over
sth/sb
phr
v
recover
from
get
round/around
to
sth
phr
v
Brit
do
sth
after
a
delay
get
through
phr
v
pass
exam,
etc
ghost
ghost
nC
ghostly
adj
239
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
giant
see
also
@
giant
nC
gigantic
giant
adj
1
gift
present;
see
gift
nC
also
@
give
2
gift
nC
ablity,
talent
gift
nC
gifted
adj
gig
gig
nC
girl
girl
nC
young
girl
nC
daughter
girlfriend
nC
see
choirgirl
nC
see
also
@
girlish
adj
female,
young
girl
nC
female
also
@
friend
choir
girlie/girly
adj
woman
worker
schoolgirl
nC
see
informal
also
@
school
girl-‐band
nC
see
also
1
@
band
Girl
Friday
nC
bachelor
girl
nC
see
also
@
bachelor
1
give
see
also
@
gift give
vT
present,
gift,
give
vT
pay
give
vT
time,
etc
gift
nC
present
chance,
etc
give
vT
illness,
reputation,
etc
give
vT
inform
–
news,
time,
etc
give
vT
give
a
240
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
speech,
performance,
etc
give
vT
instructions,
directions,
orders,
etc
give
phrasal
verbs,
give
back
phr
v
give
in/up
phr
v
give
away
phr
v
give
over
phr
v
stop
etc
return
sth
surrender
reveal
secret,
etc
doing
sth
give
in
phr
v
hand
in
give
up
phr
v
stop
give
away
phr
v
give
sth
found
doing
sth
sb
sth
without
give
out
phr
v
payment
distribute
give
way
phr
v
allow
sb
to
do
sth
given
given
adj
particular
given
nC
241
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
stain
2
glass
container,
glass
nC
a
glass
of
water,
drinking
vessel
milk,
etc
glasses
glasses
n
pl
sunglasses
n
pl
see
also
@
sun
gleam
gleam
vI
gleam
nC
gleaming
adj
glide
glide
vI
hang
glider
nC
glider
nC
glimpse
glimpse
nC
catch
a
glimpse
of
glimpse
vT
sb/sth
glitter
glitter
vI
glittering
adj
glitter
nU
globe
global
adj
whole-‐
globe
nC
global
warming
nU
see
global
adj
general,
world
also
@
warm/warming
broad
globally
adv
globalization
nU
gloom
gloom
nU
misery,
despair,
etc
gloomy
adj
glory
glory
nU
glorious
adj
glory
in
phr
v
glorify
vT
glorified
adj
glorification
nU
gloss
gloss
nU
shine
glossy
adj
glove
glove
nC
gloved
adj
velvet
glove
nC
see
also
@
velvet
handle/treat
sb
with
kid
gloves
see
also
2
@
kid
glow
glow
vI
glowing
adj
glow
nU
242
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
glue
glue
nCU
glue
vT
go
go
vI
travel
go
vI
become
ill,
go
nC
attempt
go
nU
informal
go
vI
move
mad,
emotional,
etc
energy,
drive
somewhere
go
vI
function,
work,
on
the
go
go
vI
leave
operate,
etc
to
go
remaining
time,
distance,
etc
go
phrasal
verbs,
etc
go
away
phr
v
leave
go
down
phr
v
travel
go
over/through
sth
go
away
phr
v
go
on
go
about
phr
v
do,
go
back
phr
v
return
along
road,
etc
phr
v
scrutinize
sth
holiday
manage
go
by
phr
v
pass
go
for
sth
phr
v
go
go
round
phr
v
tour,
go
away
phr
v
go
after
phr
v
go
down
phr
v
somewhere
to
do
sth
explore,
etc
disappear,
vanish,
etc
follow,
chase,
etc
descend
go
off
phr
v
go
go
through
sth
phr
v
go
against
phr
v
go
down
phr
v
somewhere
suddenly
experience
sth
oppose
reduce,
get
worse
go
off
phr
v
Brit
unpleasant
go
ahead
phr
v
go
in/into
phr
v
decay
go
through
sth
phr
v
proceed,
happen
enter
go
on
phr
v
happen
consume,
complete
go
ahead
phr
go
off
phr
v
stop
go
on
phr
v
continue
v/exclam
functioning
go
with
sth
phr
v
informal
of
course
go
off
phr
v
explode
match,
suit,
etc
go
along
phr
v
Brit
go
out/outside
phr
v
visit
leave
a
building,
etc
go
along
with
phr
v
go
out
phr
v
stop
agree
burning,
be
switched
go
around/round
off,
etc
phr
v
walk
around
go
out
phr
v
go
go
round
phr
socializing
v/enough
to
go
go
under
phr
v
sink
round
sufficient
go
up
phr
v
increase
go
back
on
phr
v
renege
go-‐between
nC
go
by
phr
v
judge
by
outgoing
adj
going
to
be
going
to
intend
be
going
to
expect
243
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
goal
sport
goal
nC
score,
goalkeeper
nC
see
goalless
adj
2
point,
etc
also
@
keep /keeper
goalie
nC
informal
goal
n
sing
area
of
goalpost
nC
see
also
3
sports
field
@
post
2
goal
aim,
ambition
goal
nC
move
the
goalposts
3
see
also
@
post
goat
goat
nC
244
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
good
opp.
bad
good
adj
good!/very
good!
be
good
at
goodness
nU
goodwill
nU
see
also
be
a
good
job/thing,
2
satisfactory,
pleasing
exclam
good
nU
morality
@
will etc
good
adj
good
good
name
goodness!
exclam
good-‐tempered
adj
good
for
you!
quality
reputation;
see
also
good-‐looking
adj
see
also
@
temper
exclam
2
good
adj
successful,
@
name
see
also
@
look congratulations
skilled
at
good
heavens/grief/
good
adj
kind
god,
etc!
exclam
good
adj
positive,
good
riddance!
encouraging
exclam
see
also
@
good
adj
well-‐ rid
behaved
the
great
and
the
good
adj
morally
good
see
also
@
1
right
great
no
good
low
quality
2
good
advantage,
good
nU
be
good
for
sb/sth
benefit
do
sb
good
what
good
is
…?
3
good
greeting
goodbye
bye
good
morning
good
day
Aust
good
afternoon
good
evening
good
night
have
a
good
day/time,
etc
goodwill
goodwill
nU
see
also
2
@
will
goods
goods
n
pl
goods
train
nC
see
1
also
@
train
goose/geese
goose
nC
goose
pimple
nC
Brit/
goose
bump
nC
Am
gorgeous
gorgeous
adj
gorgeously
adv
245
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
gospel
gospel
nC
gospel
truth
nU
see
also
@
truth
gossip
gossip
nU
gossip
nC
sb
who
gossips
gossip
vI
got
to/have
got
to
have
got
to
modal
see
also
@
must
govern
government
nCU
govern
vIT
rule
governing
adj
governance
nU
governor
nC
governmental
adj
governing
local
government
body/board
nC
nCU
see
also
@
local
self-‐governing
adj
self-‐government
nU
see
also
@
self
gown
gown
nC
nightgown
nC
ballroom
gown
nC
see
also
@
2
ball /ballroom
dressing
gown
nC
2
see
also
@
dress
evening
gown
nC
see
also
@
evening
grab
grab
vIT
take
hold
of
grab
vT
informal
chance,
etc
grab
nC
smash-‐and-‐grab
raid
nC
Brit
see
also
@
smash,
raid
grace
grace
nU
elegance
graceful
adj
gracefully
adv
gracious
adj
gracefulness
nU
graceless
adj
graciously
adv
grace
vT
formal
disgrace
nU
disgraceful
neg
adj
246
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
disgrace
vT
in
disgrace
1
grade
level
of
grade
nC
grade
vIT
degrade
vT
grading
nU
quality
upgrade
vT
degradation
nU
downgrade
vT
upgrade
nC
make
the
grade
2
grade
assess
grade
nC
grader
nC
student’s
work
grade
vT
grading
nU
3
grade
class
at
grade
nC
Am
school
gradual
gradual
adj
gradually
adv
graduate
graduate
nC
Brit
sb
graduation
nU
graduate
adj
with
university
postgraduate
nC/adj
degree
graduate
vI
Brit
complete
university
graduate
nC
Am
sb
completing
school,
university,
etc
graduate
vIT
Am
complete
school,
university,
etc
undergraduate
nC/adj
grain
grain
nCU
cereal
grain
nC
small
piece
granule
nC
granular
adj
grain
of
truth
nC
see
also
@
truth
wholegrain
nU
see
also
@
whole
take
sth
with
a
grain
of
salt
see
also
@
salt
gram/gramme
gram/gramme
nC
milligram/
kilogram/
milligramme
nC
247
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
kilogramme
nC
grammar
grammar
nU
grammatical
adj
grammatically
adv
grammarian
nC
grammar
school
nC
see
also
@
school
gramophone
see
gramophone
nC
old-‐
2
also
@
phone fashioned
1
grand
grand
adj
important,
grandeur
nU
grand
adj
final,
very
good
complete
grandly
adv
grandness
nU
grand
piano
nC
see
also
@
piano
grand
slam
nC
grand
total
nC
see
also
@
total
2
grand /grand-‐
granddad/grandad
gran/granny
nC
nC
informal
see
also
informal
@
dad
great-‐grandfather
nC
grandchild
nC
see
see
also
@
father,
also
@
child/
great-‐
children
great-‐grandmother
nC
granddaughter
nC
see
also
@
mother,
see
also
@
daughter
great-‐
grandfather
nC
see
also
@
father
grandma
nC
informal
see
also
@
ma
grandmother
nC
see
also
@
mother
grandpa
nC
informal
see
also
@
pa
grandparent
nC
see
also
@
parent
248
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
grandson
nC
see
also
@
son
grandeur
see
also
@
grandeur
nU
grand
granite
granite
nU
1
grant
give,
allow
grant
vT
give,
allow
grant
nC
money
for
grant
a
wish
see
sth:
scholarship,
etc
also
@
wish
2
grant
accept,
agree
grant
vT
take
sb/sth
for
to
granted
granule
see
also
@
granule
nC
granular
adj
grain
grape
grape
nC
grapevine
nC
see
also
@
vine
graph
graph
nC
graphics
n
pl
graphical
adj
graphic
adj
graphic
vivid
graphic
adj
graphically
adv
249
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
gravity
gravity
nU
gravitational
adj
251
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
grim
grim
adj
grimly
adv
252
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
groom
bridegroom
nC
see
also
groom
nC
@
bride
bridegroom
groove
groove
nC
groovy
adj
informal
group
group
nC
people/
group
nC
band
of
group
vT
groupie
nC
informal
things
musicians
grouping
nC
pressure
group
nC
1
see
also
@
press /
pressure
grove
grove
nC
grow
grow
vI
become
grow
up
phr
v
grow
vI
become
grower
nC
grow
into
sb/sth
phr
bigger,
taller,
etc
become
adult
grown-‐up
nC
adult
v
grow
vI
increase
grown-‐up
adj
grow
on
phr
v
253
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
grow
vT
produce
develop
a
liking
for
plants,
crops,
etc
sb/sth
growing
adj
grow
out
of
sth
phr
v
growth
nU
grown
adj
becoming
bigger,
growth
nC
hair,
taller,
etc
tumour,
etc
growth
nU
increase
outgrowth
nC
overgrown
adj
undergrowth
nU
growl
growl
vI
growl
nC
grunt
grunt
vIT
grunt
nC
guarantee
guarantee
nC
guaranteed
adj
warranty
guarantor
nC
guarantee
vT
promise
guarantee
vT
give
warranty
guard
guard
nC
guard
vT
guardian
nC
bodyguard
nC
see
also
be
on
guard
guard
nC
Brit
train
@
body
be
on/off
your
guard
official,
conductor
safeguard
vT
see
also
guard
against
phr
v
1
guard
nC
device
@
safe guardianship
nU
safeguard
nC
see
also
guarded
adj
1
@
safe
guerrilla
guerrilla
nC/adj
guerrilla
warfare
nU
see
also
@
war/
warfare
guess
guess
vT
guess
nC
guess
what?
exclam
254
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
guest
house
nC
see
2
also
@
house
guide
guide
nC
book
guide
nC
tourist
guiding
adj
Girl
Guide
nC
Brit
guide
nC
assistance
book
guide
dog
nC
see
tour/tourist
guide
guide
nC
person
also
@
dog
nC
see
also
@
tour
guide
vT
lead,
show
misguided
neg
adj
guide
vT
assist,
the
way
show
sb
how
to
do
guidance
nU
sth
guideline
nC
usu
pl
1
guide
vT
give
a
tour
see
also
@
line
guidebook
nC
see
guided
adj
1
also
@
book
guild
guild
nC
256
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
stone
hailstorm
nC
see
1
also
@
storm
hair
hair
nCU
hairy
adj
hairline
nC
see
also
1
hairdryer/hairdryer
haircut
nCU
see
also
hairbrush
nC
see
hairdresser
nC
see
also
@
line
3
nC
see
also
@
@
cut
also
@
brush
@
dress hairpiece
nC
see
dry/drier
hairstyle
nC
see
also
@
also
@
piece
3
style
hairpin
nC
see
also
1
@
pin
split
hairs
idiom/
hair-‐splitting
adj
see
also
@
split
hairspray
nU
see
also
@
spray
red-‐haired
adj
see
also
@
red
get
in
sb’s
hair
make
one’s
hair
stand
on
end
not
turn
a
hair
hairgrip
nC
Brit
see
also
@
grip
1
half
50%,
½
half
adj
half
past
half
hour
nC/half
an
half
adv
halfway
adj/adv
see
1
half/halves
nC
hour
see
also
@
halfway
adv
also
@
way
hour
halve
vT
divide
half-‐price
adj/adv
in
half
halve
vT
cut
in
half;
see
also
@
price
reduce
by
half
go
halves
half-‐baked
adj
informal
see
also
@
bake/baked
half-‐brother/sister
nC
see
also
@
brother/sister
half-‐hearted
adj
see
257
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
also
@
heart
half-‐term
nC
Brit
see
2
also
@
term
2
half
part
of
a
sports
half
nC
half-‐time
nU
match
first-‐/second-‐half
nC
1
hall
corridor
hall
nC
hallway
nC
2
hall
large
room,
hall
nC
hall
of
residence
nC
Brit
lecture
hall
nC
see
building
town
hall
nC
see
see
also
@
reside/
also
@
lecture
also
@
town
residence,
dormitory
concert
hall
nC
see
city
hall
nC
esp
Am
also
@
concert
see
also
@
city
banqueting
hall
nC
see
also
@
banquet
hallo
see
also
@
hallo
exclamBrit
hello
halt
halt
vIT
halt
nC
258
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
bag/
baggage,
handcuff
vT
see
also
luggage
@
cuff
hand-‐held
adj
hand
down
phr
v
on
the
one
hand/on
hand
in
hand
the
other
hand
hands-‐
on
adj
handwritten
adj
see
-‐hand/left-‐ -‐handed/left-‐
-‐hand/first-‐hand/
also
@
write
hand/right-‐hand
handed/
right-‐ secondhand
adj
have
one’s
hands
(side)
handed
adj
full
in
sb’s
hands
in
hand
join
hands
lay
one’s
hands
on
sth
give/lend
a
hand
off
one’s
hands
on
hand
out
of
hand
take/have
a
hand
in
sth
wash
one’s
hands
of
sth
2
hand
person
hand
nC
person
on
a
hand
nC
worker
ship
deckhand
nC
see
also
@
deck
farmhand
nC
see
also
@
farm
old
hand
nC
handicap
handicapped
adj
handicap
nC
handicap
vT
handkerchief
handkerchief
nC
hanky/hankie
nC
260
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
harbour/harbor
harbour
vT
Brit/
harbor
conceal
sb/sth
bad
vT
Am
1
hard
firm,
not
soft
hard
adj
harden
vIT
hardness
nU
2
hard
difficult,
etc
hard
adv
with
great
hard
adj
difficult
hardship
nCU
hard-‐working
adj
see
hard
adj
harsh
effort
also
@
work/working
be
hard
on
sb
hard
adj
intensely,
profusely
–
rain,
etc
hardly
hardly
adv
only
just
hardly
adv
unlikely
hardly
….
hardly
adv
almost
when/before
never
hardware
see
also
hardware
nU
hardware
nU
metal
@
software
computer
things
for
the
home
hare
hare
nC
hare
vI
harm
harm
nU
harmful
adj
harmless
neg
adj
harmlessly
neg
adv
harm
vT
come
to
(no)
harm
harmony
harmony
nU
harmonious
adj
harmonize
vT
pleasant
in
harmony
with
combination
harmoniously
adv
harsh
harsh
adj
cruel
harshly
adj
harsh
adj
unpleasant,
loud,
etc
harsh
adj
extreme
–
weather,
etc
harshness
nU
harvest
harvest
nCU
harvest
nU
harvest
vT
consequences
harvester
nC
haste
haste
nU
in
haste
hasty
adj
hastily
adv
hasten
vT
hat
hat
nC
talk
through
one’s
hat
idiom
1
hatch
lid/door
on
hatch
vI
hatch
nC
hatchback
nC/adj
261
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
ship,
etc
2
hatch
emerge
from
hatch
vIT
hatchery
nC
egg
hatch
out
phr
v
hatch
vT
fig:
make
a
plan,
plot
hate
hate
vIT
hate
nCU
hatred
nU
hateful
adj
hated
adj
haul
haul
vT
haul
nC
haulage
nU
haunt
haunt
vT
occupy
by
haunt
vT
worry
ghost
haunt
nC
place
regularly
visited
haunted
adj
1
have
aux
have
aux
2
have
own,
possess
have
vT
own,
have
vT/have
got
possess
illness
have
vT
food,
drink
have
vT
receive,
buy
have
vT
experience
have
vT
give
birth
3
have
phrases
&
have
(got)
to
do
sth
have
(got)
sth
on
phr
have
got
phr
v
have
sb
do
sth
phrasal
verbs
must
v
wear
possess
have
sth
done
have
had
it
haven
haven
nC
262
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
he
he
pron
male
he
pron
person
of
unknown/either
sex
1
head
body
part
head
nC
body
part
head
n
sing
mind
head
nC
person,
heading
nC
title
overhead
adj/adv
heady
adj
headlong
adj
head
head
nC
top
of
sth
animal,
etc
headline
nC
first
head
vT
hit
with
headlong
adj
rash,
head
hasty
head-‐on
adj
headache
nC
see
forehead
nC
see
headphone
nC
see
headlight
nC
see
also
headroom
nU
see
2
1
2
also
@
ache
also
@
fore/fore-‐
also
@
phone @
light also
@
room
headstrong
adj
see
also
@
strong
hothead
nC
see
also
3
@
head
redhead
nC/
redheaded
adj
see
also
@
red
above/over
one’s
head
go
to
one’s
head
hang
one’s
head
(in
shame)
head
over
heels
(in
love)
keep
one’s
head
lose
one’s
head
put
one’s
heads
together
turn
sb’s
head
use
one’s
head
2
head
move
in
a
head
vIT
head
for
sth/
particular
direction
somewhere
phr
v
heading
nC
headway
n
sing/
make
headway
see
263
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
also
@
way
3
head
person
in
head
vT
lead
headmaster
nC
Brit
head
adj
charge
head
vT
be
at
top
of
headmistress
nC
Brit
sth
headteacher
nC
Brit
headquarters/HQ
headquarters
n
pl
see
also
@
quarters
HQ
abbrev
heal
heal
vIT
healing
nU
healing
adj
healer
nC
health
health
nU
healthy
adj
opp
ill
unhealthy
neg
adj
unhealthily
neg
adv
healthy
adj
good
for
be
good/bad
for
one’s
health
one’s
health
be
in
good/poor
health
drink
(to)
sb’s
health
health
food
nCU
see
also
@
food
heap
heap
nC
heap
vI/heap
up
phr
v
heap
sth
on/upon
sb
compost
heap
nC
Brit
see
also
@
compost
hear
hear
vIT
detect
hear
vIT
be
told
hear
from
sb
phr
v
hear
about/of
phr
v
sound
receive
letter/phone
hearing
nC
official
call
inquiry
hearing
nU
ability
overhear
vT
overheard
adj
hearsay
nU
see
also
@
say
1
heart
body
part,
heart
nC
body
part
heart
nCU
emotion
learn
(off)
by
heart
heart
attack
nC
see
kind-‐hearted
adj
see
heart
nC
shape
2
2
centre
heart
nC
centre
also
@
attack also
@
kind heart
nU
sweetheart
nC/
exclam
enthusiasm,
etc
1
see
also
@
sweet at
heart
break
sb’s
heart
heartbreak
nU/
264
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
heart-‐broken
adj
see
also
@
break
broken-‐hearted
adj
1
see
also
@
break
from
the
bottom
of
one’s
heart
heartburn
nU
see
also
@
burn
have
one’s
heart
in
one’s
mouth
half-‐hearted
adj
see
1
also
@
half
to
one’s
heart’s
content
see
also
@
2
content
in
one’s
heart
of
hearts
take/lose
heart
set
one’s
heart
onb
sth
take
sth
to
heart
heartache
see
also
@
ache
heartbeat
nC
see
3
also
@
beat
hearty
adj
heartily
adv
hearten
vIT
heartless
neg
adj
dishearten
vT
disheartened
adj
downhearted
neg
adj
heartfelt
adj
265
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
light-‐hearted
adj
3
see
also
@
light
2
heart
card
♥
heart
nC
often
pl
267
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
herb
herb
nC
herbal
adj
herbalist
nC
herbicide
nCU
see
also
@
suicide
herd
herd
nC
herd
vT
herder
nC
Am
herdsman
nC
see
3
also
@
man
here
here
adv
at
this
here/here
you
are
here
and
now
place
invitation,
offer
here
and
there
neither
here
nor
there
over
here
here’s
to…
drinking
a
toast
hereditary
see
also
hereditary
adj
heredity
nU
@
heir,
inherit
heritage
heritage
nCU
hero/heroine
hero
nC
great
hero
nC
main
heroic
adj
heroically
adv
person
character
in
book,
heroine
nC
heroism
nU
film,
etc
unheroic
neg
adj
heroin
heroin
nU
hire
hire
vT
employ
hire
vT
Brit
rent
hire
nC
Am
sb
hire
nU
Brit
newly-‐employed
hired
adj
hiring
nU
his
see
also
@
he,
his
pron
his/her
pron
him
hiss
hiss
vIT
hiss
nC
history
history
nU
the
past
historical
adj
historian
nC
historically
adv
history
nC
book,
etc
history
nU
academic
historic
adj
history
nC
series
of
subject
events
history
nC
personal,
medical,
etc
make
history
1
hit
strike
hit
vIT
strike
hit
vT
collide
hit
nC
act
or
hit
vT
with
gun,
instance
of
hitting
bomb,
etc
hit
nC
with
gun,
270
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bomb,
etc
hit
vT
strike
ball,
etc
hit
nC
in
sport
hitter
nC
hit
back
phr
v
hit
on/upon
phr
v
think
of
sth,
find
sth
2
hit
bestseller
hit
nC
bestselling
hit
nC
sb/sth
music,
book,
etc
popular
hit
parade
nC
old-‐
fashioned
see
also
@
parade
be
a
hit
hitch
hitch-‐hike
vI
hitch
vI
271
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
hold
out
phr
v
survive
hold
out
for
sth
phr
v
hold
up
phr
v
rob
hold-‐up
nC
robbery
catch/get/grab/take
hold
of
sb/sth
phr
v
foothold
nC
see
also
1
@
foot
stakeholder
nC
see
1
also
@
stake
hole
hole
nC
keyhole
nC
see
also
buttonhole
nC
in
1
@
key clothing
buttonhole
nC
flower
in
buttonhole;
see
also
@
button
hole
up
phr
v
loophole
nC
see
also
@
loop
pigeonhole
nC
pigeonhole
vT
see
also
@
pigeon
plughole
nC
esp
Brit
2
see
also
@
plug
spyhole
nC
Brit
holiday
holiday
nC
vacation
holiday
nC
official/
bank
holiday
nC
Brit
on
holiday
1
public
hliday
see
also
@
bank package
holiday
nC
1
public
holiday
nC
see
also
@
pack /
see
also
@
public
package
school
holiday
nC
see
also
@
school
summer
holiday
nC
see
also
@
summer
272
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
hollow
hollow
adj
opp
solid
hollow
nC
hollow
adj
depression
in
ground
unconvincing
hollow
vI/hollow
out
phr
v
holy
holy
adj
holiness
nU
honour/honor honour nU Brit/ honour vT Brit/ honourable adj Brit/ in honour/honor of
273
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
honor
nU
Am
respect
honor
vT
Am
give
honorable
adj
Am
sth/sb
honour
nU
Brit/
respect
dishonour
nU
Brit/
honor
nU
Am
award,
dishonor
nU
Am
medal,
etc
dishonour
vT
Brit/
dishonor
vT
Am
dishonourable
adj
Brit/
dishonorable
adj
Am
1
hood
clothing
hood
nC
hoodie/hoody
nC
garment
hoodie/hoody
nC
sb
who
wears
a
hoodie
2
hood
car
part
hood
nC
Am
see
also
2
@
bonnet
nC
Brit
hook
hook
nC
hook
up
phr
v
hook
vIT
off
the
hook/let
sb
off
the
hook
hooker
hooker
nC
274
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
horn
device
horn
nC
musical
horn
nC
warning
instrument
device
horrible
horrible
adj
horribly
adv
275
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
host/hostess
host
nC
person
host
vT
hostess
nC
woman
host
nC
city,
entertaining
others
entertaining
others
country,
etc
hostess
nC
host
nC
radio,
TV
attendant
presenter
air
hostess
nC
see
2
also
@
air
hostage
hostage
nC
hostage-‐taking
nU
hour
hour
nC
60
minutes
working
hours
n
pl
hours
n
pl
time
1
ee
also
@
work
when
sth
happens
quarter
of/half
an
opening
hours
see
hour
also
@
open/
rush
hour
nC
see
opening
also
@
rush
small
hours
see
also
@
small
276
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
surgery
hours
for
hours
(and
hours)
hour
after
hour
on
the
hour
at
the
top
of
the
hour
hourly
adj/adv
miles/kilometres
per/an
hour
1
house home,
house
nC
household
nC
house
vT
put
sb
into
housekeeper
nC
household
adj
dwelling housing
nU
a
house
housekeeping
nU
see
househusband
nC
2
move
house
see
housewife
nC
see
also
@
keep /
see
also
@
husband
also
@
move
also
@
wife
keeper/keeping
keep
house
housework
nU
see
housemate
nC
see
1
2
also
@
work also
@
mate
council
house
nC
Brit
housing
estate
nC
see
also
@
council
Brit
see
also
@
1
estate
terraced
house
nC
Brit
see
also
terrace
doghouse
nC
Am
see
also
@
dog
2
house
building
guest
house
nC
see
greenhouse
nC
see
in-‐house
adj/adv
house
nC
building
also
@
guest
also
@
green
farmhouse
nC
see
also
house
vT
store
sth
warehouse
nC
see
@
farm
house
nC
parliament
also
@
ware/wares
lighthouse
nC
see
also
boarding
house
nC
1
4
@
light see
also
@
board
firehouse
nC
esp
Am
coffee
house
nC
see
1
see
also
@
fire also
@
coffee
courthouse
nC
Am
1
see
also
@
court
curry
house
nC
see
also
@
curry
277
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
opera
house
nC
see
also
@
opera
public
house
nC
see
also
@
pub,
public
slaughterhouse
nC
see
also
@
slaughter
storehouse
nC
see
2
also
@
store
workhouse
nC
see
1
also
@
work
bring
the
house
down
on
the
house
hover
hovercraft
nC
Brit
hover
vI
2
see
also
@
craft
how
how
adv
how
are
you?
how
how
do
you
do?
how
about?
somehow
adv
in
much/many/far/
formal
suggestion
some
way
old/hot,
etc…?
somehow
adv
for
anyhow
adv
some
reason
1
however
degree
however
adv
2
however
however
adv/conj
nevertheless
huddle
huddle
vIT
huddle
nC
human
human
adj
human
nC
human
nature
nU
humanity
nU
humankind
nU
2
human
being
nC
see
also
@
nature humanities
n
pl
278
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
human
rights
n
pl
5
see
also
@
right /
rights
inhumanity
nU
humane
humane
adj
inhumane
neg
adj
humanitarian
adj
Inhumanely
neg
adv
humble
humble
adj
humble
vT
humbly
adv
humbling
adj
humid
humidity
nU
humid
adj
279
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
hurrah!
hurrah!
exclam
280
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
Ii
I
I
pron
1
ice
frozen
water
ice
nU
icy
adj
ice
nC
ice
cream
ice
up
phr
v
ice
cream
nCU
see
ice
hockey
nU
Brit
see
iceberg
nC
1
also
@
cream also
@
hockey
tip
of
the
iceberg
see
4
also
@
tip
icebreaker
nC
see
1
also
@
break
break
the
ice
(walk)
on
thin
ice
ice
cap
nC
see
also
1
@
cap
ice
skate
nC
ice
skater
nC
ice
skating
nU
see
also
@
skate
2
ice
decorate
cake;
ice
vT
Brit
iced
adj
Brit
2
see
also
@
frost icing
nU
Brit
icing
sugar
nU
Brit
see
also
@
sugar
the
icing
on
the
cake
Brit
see
also
@
cake
icon
icon
nC
iconic
adj
281
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
identical
identical
adj
identically
adv
identical
twins
n
pl
see
also
@
twin
identity
identify
vT
identity
nCU
identity
card
nC
see
identification
nC
act
identification
nU
identifiable
adj
1
also
@
card of
identifying
papers
proving
one’s
identified
adj
identity
unidentified
neg
adj
unidentifiable
neg
adj
ideology
ideology
nCU
ideological
adj
ideologically
adv
ideologist
nC
idiom
idiom
nC
idiomatic
adj
282
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
illegal
see
also
@
illegal
neg
adj
illegally
neg
adv
legal
illegitimate
see
also
illegitimate
neg
adj
@
legitimate
illegitimately
neg
adv
illegitimacy
nU
illiterate
see
also
@
illiterate
neg
adj
literate
illiteracy
neg
nU
illogical
see
also
@
illogical
neg
adj
logic/
logical
illogically
neg
adv
illuminate
illuminate
vT
illuminated
adj
illuminating
adj
illumination
nCU
illusion
illusion
nC
disillusion
neg
vT
disillusionment
nU
illusory
adj
illusionist
nC
1
illustrate
add
illustrate
vT
illustration
nCU
illustrated
adj
pictures
to
sth
illustrator
nC
2
illustrate
exemplify
illustrate
vT
illustration
nCU
illustrative
adj
image
image
nC
mental
image
nCU
image
nC
in
poem,
etc
picture
reputation
imagery
nU
image
nC
in
lens,
mirror,
etc
image
nC
picture,
photo,
etc
imagine
imagine
vT
form
imagine
vT
believe
imaginary
adj
imaginative
adj
imaginable
adj
ideas,
etc
imagination
nC
imagined
adj
ability
to
form
ideas,
unimaginable
neg
etc
adj
imagination
nU
believing
sth
is
real,
true
283
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
imbalance
see
also
imbalance
nC
@
balance
imitate
imitate
vT
imitation
nCU
imitative
adj
imitation
adj
inimitable
neg
adj
inimitably
neg
adv
immature
see
also
immature
neg
adj
immaturity
neg
nU
@
mature
1
immediate
time
–
immediately
adv
immediate
adj
without
delay
2
immediate
place
-‐
immediate
adj
immediately
adv
nearby
immense
immense
adj
immensely
adv
immensity
nU
immerse
immerse
vT
immersion
nU
284
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
impatient
see
also
impatient
neg
adj
impatiently
neg
adv
1
@
patience/
patient annoyed
impatience
nU
impatient
neg
adj
wanting
sth
now
impeach
impeachment
nCU
impeach
vT
unimpeachable
neg
adj
impending
impending
adj
1
imperative
imperative
adj
imperative
nC
essential
2
imperative
imperative
nC
grammar
imperfect
see
also
imperfect
neg
adj
1
@
perfect imperfection
nCU
imperfectly
neg
adv
imperial
see
also
@
imperial
adj
imperialism
nU
imperialist
nC
empire,
emperor
imperialist
adj
imperil
see
also
@
imperil
vT
peril
impersonal
see
also
impersonal
neg
adj
@
person/
personal
impersonate
see
impersonate
vT
also
@
person
impersonation
nU
impetus
impetus
nU
285
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
imply
imply
vT
implied
adj
implication
nC
impolite
see
also
@
impolite
neg
adj
polite
import
see
also
@
import
vT
importer
nC
export
import
nC
imported
adj
importation
nU
important/
important
adj
of
important
adj
unimportant
neg
adj
importantly
adv
the
utmost
importance
great
value
having
great
importance
see
also
authority,
influence
@
utmost
importance
nU
impose
impose
vT
imposition
nU
impossible
see
also
impossible
neg
adj
impossible
neg
adj
impossibility
nCU
impossibly
neg
adv
@
possible
not
possible
difficult,
uncooperative
impoverished
see
impoverish
vT
also
@
poverty
impoverished
adj
impoverishment
nU
impractical
see
also
impractical
neg
adj
@
practical
impress
impression
nC
impress
vIT
cause
impress
on
phr
v
opinion
admiration
impressed
adj
impressive
adj
impressively
adv
impressionable
adj
unimpressed
neg
adj
unimpressive
neg
adj
be
under
the
impression
impression
see
also
impression
nC
mark
1
@
press
pressure
made
by
pressure
imprison
see
also
@
imprisonment
nU
imprison
vT
imprisoned
adj
prison
286
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
improbable
see
also
improbable
neg
adj
improbably
neg
adv
@
probable
improbability
nCU
improper
see
also
@
improper
neg
adj
improper
neg
adj
proper
inappropriate,
illegal
sexually
inappropriate
improperly
neg
adv
improve
improve
vIT
improved
adj
improvement
nC
to
improving
adj
improvement
nU
property,
etc
improve
on/upon
sth
improved
phr
v
impulse
impulse
nCU
impulsive
adj
impulsively
adv
on
impulse
1
in
prep
in
prep
inside,
within
in
prep
before,
in
prep
in
a
state,
in
prep
in
clothes
of
in
prep
number
–
1
in
in
prep
as
part
of
within
a
time
emotion
a
style
or
colour
100,
etc
in
prep
during
in
prep
in
a
in
prep
no
more
language,
in
writing,
than
etc
in
prep
in
age
group,
century,
temperature
range,
etc
in
prep
in
a
profession,
subject,
etc
2
in
adv
in
adv
from
outdoors
inner
adj
interior
in
adv
arriving
in
adv
fashionable
in
adv
in
power,
in
adv
at
home,
inner
adj
personal,
office,
etc
work,
etc
secret
3
in
phrases,
idioms,
in
addition
to
in
advance
in
danger
in
between
etc
in
case
in
all
in
that
because
in
fact
in
any
case
in
common
in
the
end
in
general
in
a
minute/
second,
287
headword
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etc
in
order
to/that
in
particular
in
place
in
public
see
also
@
public
in
spite
of
in
time
in
turn
in
a
way
in
other
words
inability
see
also
@
inability
neg
nU
able/ability
inaccessible
see
also
inaccessible
neg
adj
@
accessible
inaccurate
see
also
inaccurate
neg
adj
inaccuracy
nC
@
accurate
inaccurately
neg
adv
inactive
see
also
@
inactive
neg
adj
inaction
nU
act/active
inactivity
nU
inadequate
see
also
inadequate
neg
adj
inadequacy
nCU
@
adequate
inadequately
neg
adv
inappropriate
see
inappropriate
neg
inappropriately
neg
also
@
appropriate
adj
adv
inappropriateness
nU
inaudible
see
also
@
inaudible
neg
adj
inaudibly
neg
adv
audible
inaugural
inaugural
adj
inauguration
nCU
inaugurate
vT
incapable
see
also
incapable
neg
adj
@
capable
incentive
incentive
nCU
288
headword
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inch
inch
nC
inch
by
inch
inch
vIT/inch
forward
every
inch
phr
v
within
an
inch
of
incidence
incidence
nC
289
headword
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B2
C1
C2
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incorrect
see
also
@
incorrect
neg
adj
incorrectly
neg
adv
correct
increase
see
also
@
increase
vIT
increased
adj
increasing
adj
on
the
increase
decrease
increase
nCU
increasingly
adv
incredible
see
also
incredibly
neg
adv
incredible
neg
adj
incredulous
adj
@
credible
unbelievably;
incredulity
nU
extremely
incumbent
incumbent
nC
incumbent
adj
independent
see
independent
adj
independent
adj
not
independent
adj
independently
adv
also
@
depend/
unbiased
dependent
politically
independence
nU
dependent
independence
nU
independent
personal
political
independent
nC
independence
independence
index/indexes/
index
nC
index
finger
nC
see
index
vT
indices
also
@
finger
indicate
indicate
vT
indication
nCU
indicator
nC
indicative
adj
290
headword
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1
indirect
not
indirect
neg
adj
straight;
see
also
@
indirectly
neg
adv
1
direct
2
indirect
not
indirect
neg
adj
indirectly
neg
adv
obvious;
see
also
@
2
direct
indispensable
indispensable
adj
indistinguishable
indistinguishable
see
also
@
neg
adj
distinguish/
distinguishable
individual
individual
adj
individually
adv
individualism
nU
individualist
nC
individualistic
adj
individuality
nU
indoor
see
also
@
indoors
adv
indoor
adj
door
induce
induce
vT
inducement
nC
291
headword
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inefficient
see
also
inefficient
neg
adj
inefficiently
neg
adv
@
efficient
inefficiency
nU
inequality
see
also
inequality
nU
@
equal/equality
inert
inertia
nU
inert
adj
inform/information
information
nU
inform
vIT
information
desk
nC
informative
adj
informed
adj
information
see
also
@
desk
informant
nC
uninformed
neg
adj
technology
nU
see
information
office
informer
nC
also
@
technology
nC
see
also
@
misinformation
nU
1
information
centre/
office misinform
vIT
center
nC
see
also
misinformed
adj
2
@
centre/center
tourist
information
2
centre/center
nC
see
also
@
tour/tourist,
centre/
2
center
informal
see
also
@
informal
neg
adj
informally
neg
adv
informality
nU
formal
infrared
see
also
@
infrared
adj
red
infrastructure
see
infrastructure
nU
2
also
@
structure
ingenious
ingenious
adj
ingeniously
adv
ingenuity
nU
ingredient
ingredient
nC
293
headword
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inhibit
inhibit
vT
inhibited
adj
inhibition
nCU
uninhibited
neg
adj
1
initial
at
the
start
initial
adj
initially
adv
initiate
vT
initiation
nU
on
one’s
own
initiative
nCU
initiative
take
the
initiative
2
initial
letter
of
initial
nC
initial
vT
alphabet
inject
inject
vT
injection
nC
injure
injury
nC
injure
vT
injured
adj
injurious
adj
inquire
see
also
@
inquiry/enquiry
nC
inquiry/enquiry
nC
inquire/enquire
vIT
inquire/enquire
enquire
question
investigation
after/
about/into
inquiries/
enquiries
phr
v
npl
inquisitive
adj
insane
see
also
@
insane
neg
adj
insanely
neg
adv
sane
insanity
nU
inscribe
inscription
nC
inscribe
vT
inside
inside
prep
inside
adj
inside
nC
inside
out
adv
insider
nC
inside
adv
informal
inside
adv
wrong
way
round
in
prison
inside
out
adv
thoroughly
insight
insight
nCU
insightful
adj
296
headword
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insufficient
see
also
insufficient
neg
adj
insufficiently
neg
@
sufficient
adv
insufficiency
nU
insulate
insulate
vT
insulation
nU
insulating
adj
insulated
adj
insult
insult
nC
insult
vT
insultingly
adv
insulting
adj
insurance
insurance
nU
insure
vT
insurer
nC
insured
adj
uninsured
neg
adj
intact
intact
adj
297
headword
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intense
intense
adj
intensity
nU
intensify
vT
intensely
adv
intently
adv
intensive
adj
interact
see
also
@
interaction
nU
interact
vI
interactive
adj
act
communicative
interactive
adj
computer,
etc
intercourse
intercourse
nU
sexual
intercourse
1
nU
see
also
@
sex /
sexual
1
interest
attention,
interest
nU
interest
nC
pastime,
interest
vT
uninterested
neg
adj
in
the
interests
of
involvement,
etc
attention
etc
self-‐interest
nU
see
interestingly
adv
interested
adj
also
@
self/self-‐
interesting
adj
2
interest
money
interest
nU
paid/earned
interface
interface
nC
interface
vT
298
headword
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national
internet
see
also
@
internet
n
sing
2
net
interpersonal
see
interpersonal
adj
also
@
person/
personal
1
interpret
from
interpret
vIT
interpreter
nC
another
language
interpretation
nU
2
interpret
explain
interpretation
nCU
interpret
vT
misinterpret
vT
misinterpretation
nCU
interrogate
interrogate
vT
interrogator
nC
interrogation
nCU
interrupt
interrupt
vIT
when
interrupt
vIT
stop
uninterrupted
neg
sb
is
speaking
doing
sth
adj
interruption
nCU
temporarily
interstate
see
also
interstate
adj
Am
4
@
state
interval
interval
nC
break
interval
nC
gap
in
at
intervals
during
a
time,
space
performance
intervene
intervention
nCU
intervene
vI
intervening
adj
interview
interview
nC
for
job,
interview
nC
on
interviewer
nC
interviewee
nC
etc
radio,
TV
etc
interview
vT
intimate
intimate
adj
intimacy
nU
intimately
adv
301
headword
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A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
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irony
irony
nU
ironic
adj
ironically
adv
irrational
see
also
@
irrational
neg
adj
irrationally
neg
adv
rational
irregular
see
also
@
irregular
neg
adj
irregular
neg
adj
1,
4
regular unusual,
illegal
misshapen
irregular
neg
adj
irregular
neg
adj
in
grammar
time,
space
irregularity
nCU
irregularly
neg
adv
irrelevant
see
also
irrelevant
neg
adj
irrelevance
nCU
@
relevant
irresistible
see
also
irresistible
neg
adj
@
resist/resistible
irrespective
see
also
irrespective
neg
adj
@
respective
irresponsible
see
irresponsible
neg
adj
irresponsibly
neg
also
@
responsible
adv
irresponsibility
nU
irrigate
irrigate
vT
irrigation
nU
irritate
irritate
vT
irritated
adj
irritant
nC
irritating
adj
irritable
adj
irritation
nU
irritability
nU
Islam
Islam
nU
Islamist
adj
Islamic
adj
Islamist
nC
island
island
nC
isle
nC
islander
nC
island
nC
in
road,
etc
isolate
isolated
adj
isolate
vT
isolation
nU
1
issue
subject,
issue
nC
problem
2
issue
distribute,
issue
vT
issue
nC
edition
issuing
adj
publish
302
headword
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B1
B2
C1
C2
X
IT
see
also
@
IT
nU
abbrev
=
information
and
information
technology
technology
it
it
pron/det
itself
pron
emphasis
it
pron
introductory
by
itself
itself
pron
reflexive
in
itself
itch
itch
vI
itchy
adj
itch
nC
item
item
nC
thing,
sth
on
item
nC
on
agenda,
itemize
vT
list
news,
etc
ivory
ivory
nU
Jj
jack
jack
nC
lifting
tool
jack
up
phr
v
raise
with
a
jack
jacket
jacket
nC
short
coat
life
jacket
nC
see
dinner
jacket
nC
see
also
@
life
also
@
dinner
jade
jade
nU
304
headword
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jogging
nU
1
join
/joint
things
join
vT
connect
joint
nC
body
join
nC
joint
nC
connection
jointed
adj
joint
nC
meat
adjoin
vT
adjoining
adj
disjointed
adj
2
join
people
join
vIT
become
join
vIT/join
in
phr
v
join
vIT
meet
jointly
adv
member
joint/joint-‐
adj
together
joke
joke
nC
joke
vI
jokingly
adv
joker
nC
practical
joke
nC
you’re
joking!/you
must
be
joking!
exclam
1
jolly
happy,
jolly
adj
jollity
nU
cheerful
jolly
nC
informal
2
jolly
intensifier
jolly
adv
Brit
informal
305
headword
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pride
and
joy
n
sing
see
also
@
pride
rejoice
vI
rejoicing
nU
Judaism
nU
see
@
Judaism
nU
Jew
1
judge
person
who
judge
nC
in
court
judge
vIT
judge
nC
in
sport
etc
judges
judgement/
judgment
nC
legal
decision
2
judge
decide
judge
vIT
decide
judge
nC
sb
who
judgement/
misjudge
vT
judgement/
decides
judgment
nU
good
judgemental/
judgment
nC
sense
judgmental
adj
decision
judicial
judicial
adj
judicially
adv
judiciary
nU
jug
jug
nC
Brit
container
jug
nC
Brit
amount
held
jugful
nC
see
also
@
pitcher
by
a
jug
juggle
juggle
vIT
juggler
nC
juggling
nU
juice
juice
nCU
juicy
adj
fruit
juice
nCU
see
juicer
nC
also
@
fruit
lemon/lime/orange/
etc
juice
nCU
see
1
also
@
lemon,
lime ,
orange
jumble
jumble
nU
jumble
vT
jumble
sale
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
sale
jumbo
jumbo
adj
jumbo
jet
nC
see
also
@
jet
jump
jump
vIT
leap
jump
vI
move
jump
nC
jumping
nU
suddenly
jump
vI
increase
jumping
adj
jump
nC
increase
jump
the
queue
Brit
306
headword
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C1
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jumper
nC
sb
who
see
also
@
queue
jumps
jumper
jumper
nC
Brit
sweater
junction
junction
nC
307
headword
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justify
oneself
juvenile
juvenile
adj
juvenile
nC
Kk
kangaroo
kangaroo
nC
309
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
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2
key
computer,
keyboard
nC
key
vT/key
in
phr
v
keypad
nC
typewriter,
etc
3
key
vital
key
adj
keyword
nC
4
key
music
key
nC
in
key
keyboard
nC
off
key/out
of
key
kick
kick
vIT
kick
nC
kicker
nC
kick
in
phr
v
kick
off
phr
v
kick-‐off
nCU
kick
out
phr
v
kick
up
phr
v
1
kid
child
kid
nC
informal
kidnap
vT
kidnapper
nC
kidnapping
nCU
2
kid
baby
goat
kid
nC
baby
goat
kid
nU/adj
goatskin
handle/treat
sb
with
kid
gloves
see
also
@
glove
3
kid
deceive,
kid
vIT
kidding
nU
pretend
kidney
kidney
nC
kill
kill
vIT
killed
adj
killer
nC
killing
nCU
kill
vIT
finish
kill
off
phr
killjoy
nC
see
also
@
joy
kill
time
see
also
@
1
time
overkill
nU
painkiller
nC
see
also
@
pain
weedkiller
nU
see
also
@
weed
kilogram
kilogram
nC
see
also
@
gram
310
headword
A1
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B1
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C1
C2
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kilometre
/kilometer
kilometre
nC
Brit/
km
abbrev
kilometres/
see
also
@
metre/
kilometer
nC
Am
kilometers
per/an
meter
hour
kin
kin
nU
kinship
nU
akin
adj
kindred
nU
old-‐
fashioned
family
kindred
adj
1
kind
type,
sort
kind
nC
kind
of
adv
informal
mankind
nU
see
of
a
kind
2
also
@
man
2
kind
gentle,
kind
adj
unkind
neg
adj
kindly
adv
kind-‐hearted
adj
see
unkindly
neg
adv
1
generous,
etc
kindness
nCU
also
@
heart unkindness
nU
kindergarten
kindergarten
nC
king
see
also
@
king
nC
kingdom
nC
country
kingdom
nC
queen
with
a
king/queen
business
controlled
by
sb
kiosk
kiosk
nC
labour/labor
labour
nCU
Brit/
labour
nU
Brit/labor
labourer
nC
Brit/
labour
vI
Brit/labor
vI
laborious
adj
labor
nCU
Am
work,
nU
Am
workers
laborer
nC
Am
Am
laboriously
adv
effort
1
lace
decorative
lace
nU
decorative
cloth
cloth
2
lace
for
shoes
lace
nC
lace
vT/lace
up
phr
v
shoelace
nC
see
also
@
shoe
lack
lack
nCU
lack
vT
lacking
adj
be
lacking
in
314
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
homeland
nC
see
also
@
home
lowland
nC/adj
upland
adj
uplands
n
pl
woodland
nU
see
also
1&2
@
wood
2
land
arrive
by
land
vI
arrive
by
land
vI
arrive
by
ship
aircraft
or
ship
aircraft
landing
nCU
landing
upstairs
landing
nC
corridor
lane
lane
nC
narrow
road
lane
nC
area/path
used
by
vehicles
language
see
also
@
language
nC
specific
language
nU
system;
native
language
nC
linguistic
language
ability
see
also
@
native
lantern
lantern
nC
1
lap
body
area
laptop
(computer)
lap
nC
lap
dancing
nU
see
nC
also
@
dance/
dancing
lapdog
nC
see
also
@
dog
2
lap
drink
with
lap
vT
lap
up
phr
v
tongue
3
lap
part
of
race
or
lap
nC
lap
vIT
journey
large
big
large
adj
large-‐scale
adj
see
at
large
1
also
@
scale
enlarge
vIT
enlarged
adj
enlargement
nCU
largely
mostly
largely
adv
by
and
large
315
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
lash
lash
nC
eyelash
nC
see
also
@
eye
1
last
final
last
adj/adv
final;
last
adj/adv
most
at
(long)
last
lastly
adv
the
last
after
all
others
recent
person/thing
last
pron/nU/adj
the
last
but
one
Brit
only
one
remaining
last-‐minute
adj
the
last
minute
see
also
@
minute
last
name
see
also
@
name
2
last
continue
last
vI
everlasting
adj
lasting
adj
longlasting
adj
1
late
time
late
adj/adv
near
later
adj
after
the
latest
adj
at
the
(very)
latest
late-‐night
adj
see
the
end
specified
time
also
@
night
late
adj/adv
after
later
on
adv
the
specified
time
sooner
or
later
see
later
adj/adv
in
also
@
soon/sooner
future
see
you
later
exclam
2
late
dead,
finished
late
adj
318
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
lead
be
in
front
lead
vIT
be
in
lead
n
sing
first
leading
adj
mislead
vT
misleading
neg
adj
cheer
leader
nC
esp
charge,
in
command
place
in
race,
etc
Am
see
also
@
1
lead
vT
be
in
front;
lead
nC
main
actor
cheer
be
winning
in
play,
film
leader
nC
leadership
nU
be
in
the
lead
2
lead
metal
lead
nU
leaded
adj
unleaded
neg
adj
1
leaf
of
tree,
plant
leaf
nC
leafy
adj
leafless
neg
adj
fig
leaf
nC
see
also
@
fig
lettuce
leaf
nC
see
also
@
lettuce
2
leaf
paper
etc
leaf
nC
leaflet
nC
leaf
through
phr
v
overleaf
adv
turn
over
a
new
leaf
league
league
nC
sport
league
nC
society,
club
in
league
(with)
leak
leak
vIT
liquid,
etc
leak
nC
escaping
leak
nC
revealed
secret
leakage
nU
liquid
leak
vT
reveal
secret
leaky
adj
1
lean
incline
lean
vIT
lean
against/on
phr
v
lean
on
phr
v
depend
on
lean
towards
phr
v
leaning
adj
leaning
nC
2
lean
not
fat
lean
adj
not
fat
lean
adj
with
shortages
leap
leap
vI
leap
nC
by
leaps
and
bounds
leap
year
nC
see
also
@
year
319
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
learn
learn
vIT
acquire
learn
vT
memorise
learning
nU
learned
adj
learn
vIT
be
learn
one’s
lesson
knowledge,
skills,
etc
learn
vIT
change
informed
because
of
learner
nC
experience
lease
lease
nC
lease
vT
leasing
nU
lessee
nC
leash
unleash
vT
leash
nC
least
least
adj/adv
at
least
least/the
least
pron
least
of
all
not
in
the
least
to
say
the
least
last
but
not
least
leather
leather
nCU
leathery
adj
1
leave
depart
leave
vIT
depart
leaving
nU
take
one’s
leave
2
leave
opp
take
leave
vT
not
take
sth
leave
sb/sth
out
phr
leave
vT
after
one’s
leave
behind
phr
v
leave
vT
remain;
v
death,
in
one’s
will
leave
in
phr
v
deposit
leave
(well)
alone
leave
off
phr
v
leave
vT
leave
in
a
phr
v
leave
on
phr
v
condition
leave
over
phr
v
leave
vT
leave
sth
leftover
adj
forgetfully
3
leave
official
leave
nU
on
leave
holiday
take
leave
absent
without
leave
lecture
lecture
nC
lecturer
nC
lectureship
nC
lecture
vIT
lecture
room
nC
see
1
also
@
room
lecture
hall
nC
see
1
also
@
hall
lecture
theatre
nC
Brit/lecture
theater
nC
Am
see
also
@
320
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
theatre/
theater
ledge
ledge
nC
1
left
opp.
right
left
adj/adv
left
nU
left-‐hand
adj
left-‐handed
adj
2
left
political
the
left
nU
left-‐winger
nC
left-‐wing
adj
1
leg
body
part
leg
nC
body
part
leg
nC
of
table,
leggings
npl
chair,
etc
leggy
adj
informal
legroom
nU
see
also
2
@
room
not
have
a
leg
to
stand
on
pull
sb’s
leg
2
leg
stage
of
journey
leg
nC
less
less
adj/adv
more
or
less
mostly
lessen
vIT
lesser
comp
adj
more
or
less
approximately
no
less
than
lesson
lesson
nC
at
school,
lesson
nC
learning
learn
one’s
lesson
etc
experience
teach
sb
a
lesson
lest
lest
conj
1
let
allow,
permit
let
vT
let
us/let’s
let
sb
know
see
also
let
sb
down
let
sb
off
phr
v
not
let
off
phr
v
suggestion
@
know
disappoint
punish
firework,
bomb,
etc
let
go/let
go
of
let
alone
see
also
@
let
sb
off
the
hook
release
alone
see
also
@
hook
322
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
let
sb/sth
down
let
out
phr
v
cry,
etc
lower
let
through
phr
v
let
sb/sth
in
permit
permit
to
pass;
not
entry
detect
let
sb/sth
out
let
up
phr
v
cease
release;
reveal
2
let
Brit
rent
to
sb
let
vT
Brit
let
nC
esp
Brit
letting
nC
esp
Brit
let
out
to
sb
to
let
lethal
lethal
adj
1
letter
letter
nC
letter
box
nC
see
newsletter
nC
see
1
correspondence
also
@
box also
@
news
2
letter
of
alphabet
letter
nC
letter
of
the
law
see
also
@
law
to
the
letter
lettering
nU
lettuce
lettuce
nC
lettuce
leaf
nC
see
1
also
@
leaf
1
level
amount,
etc
level
nC
amount
level
nCU
standard
level
adj
at
same
level
nC
floor
of
height,
rank,
etc
building
level
nC
rank,
position,
rank,
etc
high-‐level
adj
see
also
@
high
sea-‐level
n
sing
see
also
@
sea
2
level
flat
level
adj
level
vT
level
off/out
phr
v
level
nC
device
level
crossing
nC
Brit
see
also
@
1
cross /crossing;
railroad
crossing
nC
323
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
Am
lever
lever
nC
lever
vIT
leverage
nU
1
liable
legally
liability
nU
liable
adj
responsible
2
liable
likely
liable
adj
liberal
liberal
adj
tolerant
liberal
adj
politically
liberal
nC
liberalism
nU
liberally
adv
liberal
liberalize
vT
liberalization
nU
illiberal
neg
adj
illiberally
neg
adv
liberty
liberty
nU
liberation
nU
liberated
adj
liberate
vT
liberating
adj
liberator
nC
at
liberty
library
library
nC
librarian
nC
324
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
lie
untruth
lie
vI
lie
nC
liar
nC
belie
vT
formal
lying
nU
live
a
lie
white
lie
nC
see
also
@
white
lieutenant
lieutenant
nC
life
see
also
@
live
life
nCU
period
life
nCU
way
of
life
nU
opp
death
life
nU
energy
way
of
life
life
nC
person
between
birth
and
living;
aspect
of
life
life
nU
all
living
life
nC
biography
death
creatures
life
nC
usu
sing
live
vI
validity,
duration,
etc
bring
to
life
come
to
life
for
life
take
one’s
own
life
life
jacket
nC
see
lifespan
nC
see
also
lifeboat
nC
see
also
@
afterlife
nC
also
@
jacket
@
span
boat
lifeless
neg
adj
lifestyle
nCU
see
lifelong
adj
lifelike
adj
1
also
@
style
lifesaver
nC
see
also
1
lifetime
nC
see
also
@
save
@
time
life-‐size
adj
see
also
wildlife
nU
see
also
@
size
@
wild
mid-‐life
adj
see
also
@
middle/mid-‐
real-‐life
adj
see
also
@
real
lift
lift
vT
raise
lift
vIT
lift
and
raise
lift
nC
act
of
lifting
lift
vIT
ban,
lift
nC
Brit
ride,
objection,
threat,
journey
cloud,
etc
lift
nC
Brit
see
also
shoplifting
nU
@
elevator
nC
Am
shoplifter
nC
shoplift
vI
see
also
1
@
shop
1
light
brightness,
light
nU
e.g.
sunlight
light
adj
sunlight
nU
see
also
lighten
vIT
moonlight
nU
see
also
lighted
adj
325
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
lamp
light
adj
@
sun
daylight
nU
see
also
@
moon
starlight
nU
see
also
1
@
day
@
star
twilight
nU
bring
to
light
cast/throw
light
on/upon
come
to
light
in
the
light
of
light
up
phr
v
light
nC
lamp
light
vT
illuminate
lighting
nU
spotlight
nC
see
also
headlight
nC
flashlight
nC
Am
see
1 1
traffic
lights
n
pl
see
@
spot
lighthouse
nC
see
also
also
@
flash,
torch
2
also
@
traffic
@
house
fluorescent
light
nC
green
light
nC
red
light
nC
searchlight
nU
see
also
@
search
2
light
ignite
light
vIT
ignite
light
nC
match,
etc
lighter
nC/cigarette
alight
adj
lighter
nC
see
also
@
cigarette
3
light
not
heavy
light
adj
not
heavy
light
adj
light
meal
light
adj
not
serious
lightness
nU
lightly
adv
lighten
vIT
light-‐hearted
adj
1
see
also
@
heart
lightweight
adj/nC
4
light
pale
light
adj
lighten
vIT
1
like
similar
like
prep
similar
like
prep
such
as
like
conj
informal
alike
adj/adv
liken
to
phr
v
like
adj
formal
unlike
prep/adj
like
nC
likeness
nCU
likewise
adv
2
like
take
pleasure
like
vT
enjoy
would
like/should
dislike
nCU
dislike
vT
liking
n
sing
likeable/likable
adj
like
vT
have
like
request,
want,
as
you
like
affection
for
invitation
how
do
you
like
…?
what
style
have
a
liking
for
326
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
like
pause
filler
like
likely
likely
adj
unlikely
neg
adj
likelihood
nCU
not
likely!
likely
adv
lily
lily
nC
limb
limb
nC
body
part
limb
nC
of
tree,
etc
tear
limb
from
limb
1
lime
fruit
lime
nC
lime
juice
nU
see
also
@
juice
2
lime
rock
lime
nU
limestone
nU
see
also
@
stone
limit
limit
vT
limit
nC
limitation
nC
unlimited
neg
adj
limiting
adj
limited
adj
speed-‐limit
nC
see
limitless
neg
adj
restricted
also
@
speed
1
limp
walk
with
limp
vI
limp
vI
move
slowly
difficulty
limp
nC
2
limp
not
rigid
limp
adj
limply
adv
1
line
mark;
length
line
nC
mark
on
line
nC
Am
of
line/railway
line
nC
underline
vT
draw
line
nC
military
line
nC
wrinkle
branchline
nC
Brit
paper,
road,
etc
people;
see
also
@
line
under
sth
see
also
@
branch
line
vT
form
of
line
linear
adj
line-‐up
nC
queue
hairline
nC
see
also
of
sth
headline
nC
see
also
baseline
nC
see
also
@
@
line1
stand
in
line
Am
see
1
3
1
guideline
nC
usu
pl
@
head base line
nC
border
also
@
queue,
stand
see
also
@
guide
underline
vT
stress
coastline
nC
see
also
@
line/line
of
work
nC
coast
occupation
line
nC
line
of
skyline
nC
see
also
@
argument
sky
line
up
phr
v
neckline
nC
see
also
@
neck
out
of
line
shoreline
nC
see
also
@
shore
waistline
nC
see
also
327
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
waist
in
line
with
toe
the
line
see
also
@
toe
eye-‐liner
nU
see
also
@
eye
2
line
cable,
tube,
line
nC
phone
line
hold
the
line
wait
on
pipeline
nC
see
also
@
hotline
nC
see
also
rope,
etc
online
adj/adv
phone
pipe
@
hot
offline
adj/adv
plumb
line
nC
see
also
@
plumb
3
line
cover
inside
line
vT
lined
adj
fur-‐lined
adj
see
lining
nCU
also
@
fur
liner
nC
bin-‐liner
nC
see
also
@
bin
linen
linen
nCU
328
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
liquid
liquid
nC
liquid
adj
liquidize
vT
liquidizer
nC
Brit
liquor
liquor
nC
1
list
set
of
items
list
nC
list
vT
listed
adj
listing
nC
blacklist
vT
blacklist
nC
see
also
2
@
black
checklist
nC
see
also
1
@
check
shopping
list
nC
see
1
also
@
shop /
shopping
2
list
lean
of
ship
list
vI
list
nC
listen
listen
vI/listen
to
listen!
exclam
listener
nC
listening
nU
sb/sth
listening
adj
listen
nC
informal
listen
in
phr
v
listen
out
phr
v
esp
Brit
listen
up
phr
v
literacy
literacy
nU
literate
adj
illiteracy
nU
illiterate
neg
adj
computer-‐literate
adj
computer
literacy
nU
see
also
@
computer
literal
literally
adv
literal
adj
329
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
literary
critic
nC
literary
criticism
nU
2
see
also
@
critic
litigation
litigation
nU
litigate
vIT
litigator
nC
litigious
adj
litre/liter
litre
nC
Brit/liter
nC
Am
litter
litter
nU
litter
vIT
330
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
load
goods
carried
load
nC
goods
unload
vIT
loading
bay
nC
see
also
load
nC
workload
carried
@
bay
load/loads
nC
load
vIT
workload
nC
see
also
informal
a
lot/lots
1
@
work loaded
adj
overload
vT
overloaded
adj
2
load
fill
weapon,
load
adj
download
nC
downloadable
adj
loaded
adj
computer,
camera,
download
vIT
upload
nC
etc
upload
vIT
loaf
loaf
nC
local
local
adj
local
government
nU
local
nC
sb
living
locality
nC
local
adj/nC
see
also
@
govern/
locally
anaesthetic
government
locally
adv
local
nC
Brit
local
pub
locate
location
nC
locate
vT
located
adj
be
located
in/
relocation
nU
dislocate
vT
near/on,
etc
dislocation
nU
relocate
vIT
lock
lock
nC
locker
nC
unlock
vT
lockable
adj
lock
vIT
locked
adj
lock
in
phr
v
lock
up
phr
v
unlocked
neg
adj
deadlock
nU
deadlocked
adj
see
2
also
@
dead
gridlock
nU
see
also
@
grid
331
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
locomotive
locomotive
nC
1
lodge
claim
lodge
vT
officially
2
lodge
lodge
vI
stay
with
sb
lodge
nC
lodger
nC
Brit
accommodation
lodging
nU/lodgings
n
pl
loft
loft
nC
1
log
wood
log
nC
logger
nC
logging
nU
log
vT
2
log
record,
journal
log
vT
log
nC
log
in/on
phr
v
log
off/out
phr
v
logic
logic
nU
logically
adv
illogical
neg
adj
logical
adj
illogically
neg
adv
logo
logo
nC
lone
alone
adj
alone
adv
lonely
adj
feeling
lone
adj
loneliness
nU
alone
lonesome
adj
Am
lonely
adj
isolated
1
long
lengthy
long
adj/adv
time
long
adj
wordy
long-‐time
adj
Am
long-‐distance
adj
see
no
longer
long
adj
distance
long-‐term
adj
see
also
@
distance
before
long
1
also
@
term long-‐standing
adj
see
long
after
3
also
@
stand long
before
long-‐lived
adj
see
1
also
@
live
long-‐range
adj
see
2
also
@
range
long-‐sighted
adj
see
1
also
@
sight
longstanding
adj
long-‐suffering
adj
see
also
@
suffer
long-‐term
nU/adj
332
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
see
also
@
term
longish
adj
elongate
vIT
elongated
adj
longevity
nU
so
long
as
conj
2
long
yearn
long
vI/long
for
phr
v
longing
nU
333
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
loop
loop
nC
loop
vIT
loophole
nC
see
also
@
hole
loop
the
loop
loose
loose
adj
not
loose
adj
not
loose
adj
not
literal,
loosely
adv
loose
change
nU
see
2
attached
fastened
together
not
precise
loose
vT
also
@
change
loosen
vIT
loose
thread
nC
see
also
@
thread
lord
lord
nC
aristocrat
lord
nC
powerful
landlord
nC
see
also
man
1
@
land warlord
nC
see
also
@
war
lord
nU
title
lorry
lorry
nC
Brit
see
also
@
truck
1
lose
have
sth
lose
vT
opp
find
lose
vT
weight,
hair,
lost
adj
at
unknown
loss
nC
opp
profit
lose
vT
time
lose
one’s
place
see
2
removed
lose
vT
patience,
blood,
etc
place
loss
nC
loss
of
life
also
@
place
confidence,
temper,
lost
adj
cannot
be
lose
one’s
way
etc
found
lose
oneself
in
sth
lose
vT
job,
etc
lose
the
thread
see
loss
nCU
sth
lost
also
@
thread
at
a
loss
2
lose
be
defeated
lose
vIT
loser
nC
losing
adj
loss
nCU
defeat
losing
nU
lost
property
office
nC
see
also
@
1
office ,
property
1
lot
many
lot/a
lot/lots
of
the
lot
n
sing
all
adv/pron
2
lot
piece
of
land
parking
lot
nC
esp
2
Am
see
also
@
park
lottery
lottery
nC
lot
nC
item
in
auction
cast/draw
lots
334
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
lotus
lotus
nC
loud
aloud
adv
loud
adj
noisy
loud
adv
informal
loudly
adv
loudspeaker
nC
see
loudness
nU
noisily
also
@
speak/
speaker
out
loud
adv
lounge
lounge
nC
at
airport,
lounge
nC
room
in
lounge
vI/lounge
etc
house
about/around
phr
v
love
love
nU
of
sb
love
nC
interest,
lover
nC
sexual
loving
adj
lovable
adj
love
nC
sb
loved
love
vT
like
sb/sth
hobby,
etc
partner
beloved
adj
lovingly
adv
love
at
first
sight
very
much
in
love
lover
nC
fan
would
love
to
do
sth
lovely
adj
Brit
make
love
enjoyable
loved
adj
lovely
adj
beautiful
love
from
ending
letter
fall
in
love
see
also
1
@
fall
1
low
height
low
adj
not
high
lower
adj
low
adv
lowland
adj
see
also
@
low-‐level
adj
see
1
1
lower
vT
move
sth
land also
@
level
lower
2
low
amount
low
adj
amount,
low
adj
sound,
heat,
lower
vT
reduce
low
nC
lowered
adj
number,
price,
light,
etc
low-‐profile
adj
low-‐cost
adj
see
also
temperature,
etc
lower
adj
@
cost
low-‐fat
adj
see
also
2
@
fat
low-‐income
adj
see
also
@
income
low-‐level
adj
see
1
also
@
level
low-‐quality
adj
see
also
@
quality
lowly
adv
loyal
loyalty
nCU
loyal
adj
loyally
adv
loyalist
nC
disloyal
neg
adj
disloyalty
nU
335
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
loyalty
card
nC
see
1
also
@
card
luck
lucky
adj
luck
nU
chance,
luckily
adv
in
luck
fortune
unlucky
neg
adj
out
of
luck
luck
nU
success
unluckily
neg
adv
lucrative
lucrative
adj
lump
lump
nC
large
piece
lump
nC
swelling,
lump
vT/lump
growth
together
phr
v
lumpy
adj
lunar
lunar
adj
lunch
lunch
nC
lunch
break
nC
see
luncheon
nC
lunch
vI
3
also
@
break
lunch
box
nC
see
lunchtime
nU
see
1
also
@
box
also
@
time
lung
lung
nC
336
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
lyric
lyric
nC/lyrics
n
pl
lyricist
nC
lyrical
adj
lyric
adj
Mm
ma
see
also
@
grandma
nC
informal
ma
nC
informal
old-‐
-‐
mother
see
also
@
grand
fashioned
mama
nC
informal
machine
see
also
@
machine
nC
device
machinery
nU
machine
gun
nC
see
sewing
machine
nC
see
machine
nC
mechanic/
washing
machine
nC
also
@
gun
also
@
sew/sewing
organization
mechanical
see
also
@
wash
machine
vT
machinist
nC
slot
machine
nC
see
also
@
slot
vending
machine
nC
see
also
@
vendor
1
mad
insane
mad
adj
insane
mad
adj
silly,
stupid
madman
nC
see
also
@
madly
adv
3
man go
mad
madness
nU
2
mad
angry
mad
adj
informal
Am
madden
vT
angry
3
mad
enthusiastic
mad
adj
like
mad
be
mad
about
sb/sth
madly
adv
very
much
madam
madam
address
ma’am
address
Dear
Madam
letter
opening
1
magazine
journal
magazine
nC
2
magazine
weapons
magazine
nC
gun
part
magazine
nC
gun
storeroom
magic
magic
nU
special
magical
adj
magic
nU
sth
power
magician
nC
wonderful
337
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
magic
nU
magic
adj
wonderful
entertainment
magically
adv
magic
adj
with
black
magic
nU
see
2
special
power
also
@
black
magistrate
magistrate
nC
338
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
in
the
main
maintain
maintain
vT
maintenance
nU
maintain
vT
look
maintain
vT
continue
repairs,
etc
after
continue
to
believe,
state,
etc
maintain
vT
support
family,
etc
maize
maize
nU
3
major
subject
at
major
nC
esp
Am
major
in
a
subject
university
major
vI
esp
Am
majority
see
also
@
majority
nU
be
in
the
majority
minority
1
make
produce
make
vT
produce
make
vT
make
a
make
vT
make
a
make
vT
estimate
making
nU
make
vT
give
job,
sth
meal
film,
TV
programme,
time,
total,
price,
etc
title,
etc
make
vT
cause,
make
sb
do
sth
etc
make
vT
earn
make
believe
nU
force
maker
nC
see
also
@
believe
manufacturer
make
certain/sure
make
sure
see
also
see
also
@
certain,
@
sure
sure
well-‐made
adj/adv
make
love
see
also
1
see
also
@
well @
love
make
a
mistake
see
also
@
mistake
be
made
of
make
it
vT
informal
make
do
with
make
sth
into
sth
reach,
attend
make
for
phr
v
phr
v
convert
travel
towards
make
sth
up
phr
v
make
for
phr
v
lie,
invent,
etc
produce,
lead
to
make
(out)
of
phr
v
339
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
think
about,
conclude
make
off
phr
v
escape
make
out
phr
v
bill,
cheque,
etc
make
out
phr
v
discern,
understand,
etc
make
up
phr
v
restore
a
relationship
make
up
for
sth
phr
v
compensate
film
maker
nC
see
decision-‐maker
nC
lawmaker
nC
see
1
also
@
film see
also
@
decide/
also
@
law
decision
matchmaker
nC
see
3
also
@
match
planemaker
nC
see
also
@
plane
shoemaker
nC
see
also
@
shoe
troublemaker
nC
1
see
also
@
trouble
watchmaker
nC
see
2
also
@
watch
home-‐made
adj
see
man-‐made
adj
see
also
tailor-‐made
adj
see
2
also
@
home
@
man
also
@
tailor
2
make
brand
make
nC
340
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
malice
malice
nU
malicious
adj
malignant
malignant
adj
malignancy
nCU
341
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
workman
nC
see
sportsman
nC
see
salesman
nC
see
fireman
nC
see
also
@
batsman
nC
Brit
see
1
1
1
also
@
work also
@
sport
also
@
sale
fire also
@
bat
tradesman
nC
see
foreman
nC
binman
nC
Brit
see
also
@
trade
gunman
nC
see
also
@
also
@
bin
gun
cameraman
nC
see
madman
nC
see
also
@
also
@
camera
1
mad caveman
nC
see
also
milkman
nC
see
also
@
@
cave
milk
clergyman
nC
see
seaman
nC
see
also
@
also
@
clergy
sea
conman
nC
see
also
2
serviceman
nC
see
also
@
con
2
@
serve /
service
craftsmanship
nU
1
statesman
nC
see
also
see
also
@
craft
2
@
state crewman
nC
see
also
@
crew
doorman
nC
see
also
@
door
dustman
nC
Brit
see
also
@
dust,
garbage
freshman
nC
see
also
@
fresh
frogman
nC
see
also
@
frog
garbage
man
nC
Am
see
also
@
garbage
handyman
nC
see
also
@
handy
herdsman
nC
see
also
@
herd
horseman
nC
see
also
@
horse
mailman
nC
Am
see
also
@
mail
342
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
middleman
nC
see
also
@
middle
militiaman
nC
see
also
@
militia
nobleman
nC
see
also
@
noble
oarsman
nC
see
also
@
oar
rifleman
nC
see
also
@
rifle
right-‐hand
man
nC
usu
sing
see
also
@
1 2
hand ,
right
signalman
nC
see
also
@
signal
showman
nC
see
2
also
@
show
snowman
nC
see
also
@
snow
sportsmanship
nU
see
also
@
sport
swordsman
nC
swordsmanship
nU
see
also
@
sword
tribesmam
nC
see
also
@
tribe
watchman
nC
see
1
also
@
watch
yachtsman
nC
see
also
@
yacht
1
manage
succeed,
manage
vIT
succeed
manage
vI
cope
with
manageable
adj
cope
sb/sth
2
manage
organize,
manage
vT
organize,
manage
vT
oversee
managing
adj
managerial
adj
manageress
nC
control
managing
director
nC
managed
adj
343
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
control
management
nU
see
also
@
direct/
mismanagement
nU
manager
nC
director
mandate
mandate
nC
mandate
vT
344
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
manufacturer
nC
manufacturing
nU
manuscript
manuscript
nC
march
style
of
march
vIT
walk
in
a
march
vIT
walk
in
a
marcher
nC
walking
military
way
determined
way
marching
adj
march
vI
protest,
march
nC
music
for
demonstrate
marching
march
nC
protest,
demonstration
mare
mare
nC
margin
margin
nC
edge
of
margin
nC
edge
of
margin
nC
profit;
marginally
adv
page
sth
difference
between
marginal
adj
two
figures
marijuana
marijuana
nU
1
marine
relating
to
marine
adj
submarine
nC
submarine
adj
the
sea
2
marine
naval
marine
nC
submariner
nC
soldier
marital
marital
adj
extra-‐marital
adj
345
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
mark
also
@
birth
2
mark
sign
mark
vT
indicate
mark
nC
question
mark
nC
quotation
mark
nC
see
unmarked
neg
adj
1
mark
nC
symbol,
see
also
@
question
also
@
quote /
mark
off
phr
v
indication
trademark
nC
see
quotation
mark
up
phr
v
also
@
trade
exclamation
mark
nC
marker
nC
see
also
@
exclaim/
wide
of
the
mark
exclamation
postmark
nC
see
1
also
@
post
trademark
nC
see
also
@
trade
3
mark
notice,
see
marked
adj
mark
vT
mark
vT
commemorate
markedly
adv
4
mark
judge
school
mark
vIT
Brit
mark
nC
Brit
marker
nC
pass
mark
nC
esp
3
work;
grade
Brit
see
also
@
pass
1
market
selling
place
market
nC
supermarket
nC
marketplace
nC
see
market
day
nC
see
also
@
place
also
@
day
hypermarket
nC
stock
market
nC
see
2
also
@
stock
2
market
advertising,
market
vT
marketing
nU
selling
black
market
nC
usu
sing
see
also
@
2
black
be
on
the
market
put
sth
on
the
market
marry
marry
vT
wed
married
adj
marry
vT
perform
unmarried
neg
adj
get
married
marriage
nC
wedding
ceremony
marriage
certificate
ceremony
marriage
nCU
state
nC
see
also
@
of
being
married
certificate
marriage
vows
n
pl
see
also
@
vow
marsh
marsh
nCU
marshy
adj
marshland
nU
marshal
military
marshal
nC
346
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rank
martial
martial
adj
martial
art
nC
see
also
2
@
art
martyr
martyr
nC
martyrdom
nU
martyr
v
usu
pass
marvel
marvellous
adj
Brit/
marvel
nC
marvelous
adj
Am
marvel
vIT
Marxism
Marxist
adj
Marxist
nC
Marxism
nU
master
master
nC
expert
master
vT
master
nC
degree
title
master
adj
master
nC
boss
headmaster
nC
Brit
masterpiece
nC
masterful
adj
3
master
nC
teacher
see
also
@
head mastery
nU
masterly
adj
347
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
mastermind
nC
mastermind
vT
choirmaster
nC
see
also
@
choir
postmaster
nC
see
1
also
@
post
stationmaster
nC
1
see
also
@
station
mat
mat
nC
matting
nU
doormat
nC
see
also
@
door
mouse
mat
nC
see
2
also
@
mouse
placemat
nC
see
1
also
@
place
prayer
mat
nC
see
also
@
pray/prayer
1
match
for
starting
match
nC
matchbox
nC
see
fire
also
@
box
2
match
sport
match
nC
boxing/cricket/
football,
etc
match
nC
3
match
similar,
match
nCU
matching
adj
matched
adj
suitable
match
vIT
match
up
phr
v
matchmaker
nC
matchmaking
nU
4
match
equal
match
n
usu
sing
unmatched
neg
adj
match
vT
mismatch
nC
1
mate
have
sex
with
mate
nC
mating
nU
mate
vI
mating
adj
2
mate
friend,
classmate
nC
see
mate
nC
Brit
inmate
nC
cellmate
nC
see
also
1
3
companion,
etc
also
@
class informal
teammate
nC
see
@
cell
also
@
team
flatmate
nC
Brit
see
2
also
@
flat
348
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
housemate
nC
see
1
also
@
house
playmate
nC
see
1
also
@
play
roommate
nC
see
1
also
@
room
soul
mate
nC
see
also
@
soul
stablemate
nC
see
2
also
@
stable
workmate
nC
see
1
also
@
work
1
material
cloth,
material
nCU
fabric
2
material
physical
material
nC
material
nCU
material
adj
materialism
nU
substance
information,
materialist
nC
documentation
materialist
adj
materialistic
adj
materialize
vI
immaterial
neg
adj
maternal
maternal
adj
maternity
adj/nU
mathematics
maths
nU
Brit/math
mathematics
nU
mathematical
adj
mathematician
nC
mathematically
adj
nU
Am
formal
matinee
matinee
nC
349
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
how/whether,
etc
3
matter
substance
matter
nU
meal
meal
nC
eating
meal
nC
what
is
meal
vI
event
eaten
1
mean
be
defined
as
mean
vT
have
meaning
nU
I
mean
clarification
mean
vT
have
meaningful
adj
meaningfully
adv
meaning
significance
significane
significant
meaningless
neg
adj
meaning
nCU
definition
2
mean
intend
mean
to
vT
want,
meant
for
sb/sth
well-‐meaning
adj
intend
350
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
mean
miserly,
mean
adj
ungenerous
4
mean
nasty
mean
adj
informal
esp
Am
means
n
pl
method
means
n
pl
method
by
all
means
by
means
of
by
no
means
means
n
pl
wealth,
financial
resources
live
within/beyond
one’s
means
meantime
meantime
n
sing
in/for
the
meantime
meanwhile
meanwhile
adv/n
sing
1
measure
action,
measure
nC
countermeasure
nC
method
usu
pl
2
measure
find
size,
measure
vIT
measure
nCU
size,
measurement
nCU
measurement
nC
measure
nC
device
amount,
etc
amount
act
of
measuring
dimension
for
measuring
tape
measure
nC
2
see
also
@
tape
measurable
adj
beyond/above
measure
for
good
measure
measure
up
(to)
phr
v
immeasurable
neg
adj
immeasurably
neg
adv
meat
meat
nCU
flesh
meat
nU
substance
meaty
adj
sausage
meat
nU
see
also
@
sausage
351
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
mechanic
see
also
mechanism
nC
mechanic
nC
mechanically
adv
@
machine
mechanical
adj
medal
medal
nC
medallist
nC
Brit/
medallion
nC
medalist
nC
Am
gold/silver/bronze
medal
nC
media
media/the
media
npl
multimedia
adj
352
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
melon
melon
nC
merchant
merchant
nC
formal
merchant
adj
merchandise
nU
merchant
bank
nC
formal
Brit
see
also
@
1
bank
merchant
navy
nC
see
also
@
navy
353
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
merchant
ship
nC
see
also
@
ship
mercury
metal
mercury
nU
metre/meter
kilometre
nC
Brit/
metre
nC
Brit/meter
millimetre
nC
Brit/
metric
adj
kilometres
per/an
distance
kilometer
nC
Am
nC
Am
millimeter
nC
Am
hour
centimetre
nC
Brit/
centimeter
nC
Am
metro
metro
nC
355
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
also
@
class
mid-‐
midday
nU
see
also
mid-‐air
adj
see
also
2
@
day
@
air
midfield
adj/
midfielder
nC
see
2
also
@
field
midnight
nU
see
burn
the
midnight
also
@
night
oil
mid-‐life
adj
see
also
@
life
midpoint
nC
see
2
also
@
point
midsummer
nU
see
also
@
summer
midterm
nCU
see
1&2
also
@
term
midway
adj/adv
see
1
also
@
way
midweek
adj/adv
see
also
@
week
midwinter
nU
see
also
@
winter
midyear
nU/adj
see
also
@
year
midst
midst
nU
amidst
prep
in
the
midst
of
amid
prep
midwife
see
also
@
midwife
nC
wife
midwifery
nU
1
might
modal
v
might
modal
v
2
might
power
mighty
adj
almighty
adj
might
nU
mightily
adv
migrate
migrate
vI
migratory
adj
migration
nCU
356
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
migrant
nC
emigrate
vI
emigrant
nC
emigration
nU
immigrant
nC
immigrate
vI
immigration
nU
mild
mild
adj
not
strong
mild
adj
food:
not
mildly
adv
mild
adj
weather
spicy
mile
mile
nC
mileage
nU
milestone
nC
see
also
go
the
extra
mile
@
stone
militant
militant
adj
militant
nC
military
military
adj
the
military
nU
militarily
adv
milligram/
milligram/
milligramme
see
milligramme
nC
also
@
gram/
gramme
millimetre/
millimetre
nC
Brit/
357
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
millimeter
see
also
millimeter
nC
Am
@
metre/
meter
million
million
nC
millionth ordinal
millionaire
nC
minor
see
also
@
minor
adj
minority
nC
small
minor
nC
1
major minority
nU
smaller
group
of
people
part
mint
mint
nU
plant
peppermint
nCU
mint
nC
peppermint
minus
minus
adj/prep
minus
nC
informal
disadvantage
minus
sign
nC
see
1
also
@
sign
359
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
minute
60
seconds
minute
nC
60
minute
nC
informal
in
a
minute
soon
this
minute
seconds
short
time
immediately
last
minute
adj/n
sing
the
minute
that
…
up
to
the
minute
just
a
minute!
2
minute
very
small
minute
adj
minutiae
nC
3
minute
record
minutes
n
usu
pl
minute
vT
360
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
misrepresent
see
misrepresent
vT
also
@
represent
misrepresentation
nCU
1
miss
not
hit,
etc
miss
vIT
not
hit
miss
vT
not
do
sth
miss
nC
missing
adj
lost,
missed
adj
miss
vT
be
late;
not
disappeared
miss
out
phr
v
turn
up
miss
vT
not
see,
hear,
notice,
etc
2
miss
grieve
for
miss
vT
sb/sth
3
Miss
title
–
Miss
nC
unmarried
female
missile
missile
nC
361
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
use
misuse
vT
mix
mix
vIT
combine
mix
n
usu
sing
mixed
adj
mix
vT
mix
socially
things
combination
mixer
nC
device
mix
nCU
sth
already
mix
up
phr
v
confuse
mixed
be
mixed
up
in
sth
mixture
nC
phr
v
be
involved
moan
moan
vIT
moan
nC
bemoan
vT
formal
mob
mob
nC
mobster
nC
mold
nU
Am/
mould
mold
nU
Am/
mould
moldy
adj
Am/
nU
Brit
nU
Brit
mouldy
adj
Brit
mole
mole
nC
small
animal
mole
nC
spy
within
an
organization
molecule
molecule
nC
molecular
adj
363
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
money
money
nU
monetary
adj
moneybox
nC
see
1
pocket
money
nU
also
@
box
see
also
@
pocket
money-‐making
adj
1
monitor
check
monitor
vT
monitor
nC
person
monitoring
nU
monitor
nC
testing
who
checks
device
2
monitor
computer
monitor
nC
screen
monk
monk
nC
moral
moral
adj
virtuous
moral
n
usu
pl
morality
nU
moral
nC
lesson
moral
adj
ethical
principle
morally
adv
moralistic
adj
immoral
neg
adj
immorally
neg
adv
immorality
nU
morale
morale
nU
demoralize
vT
Brit
more
more
forming
more
or
less
mostly
the
more
…
the
more
or
less
more
and
more
comparative
adj/adv
more/less
approximately
all
the
more
more
adj/det/pron
any
more
more
or
less
approximately
364
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
what’s
more
moreover
moreover
adv
formal
366
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
launch
mountain/mount
mountain
nC
mount
nC
mountaineer
nC
mountainous
adj
mountainside
nC
mountaintop
nC
mourn
mourn
vIT
mourner
nC
mournful
adj
mourning
nU
1
mouse
animal
mouse
nC
mousy
adj
mousetrap
nC
see
also
@
trap
2
mouse
computer
mouse
nC
mouse
mat/pad
nC
device
see
also
@
mat,
pad
moustache/
moustache
nC
Brit/
moustached
adj
Brit/
mustache
mustache
nC
Am
mustached
adj
Am
mouth
mouth
nC
body
part
mouth
nC
of
river,
mouthful
nC
mouthpiece
nC
cave,
etc
move
move
vIT
shift
move
vI
go
to
live
move
nC
change
of
moving
adj
move
vIT
progress
move
nC
movement
elsewhere
living/work
place
movable/moveable
movement
nCU
move
house
Brit
see
adj
1
shifting
also
@
house immovable/
move
nC
action
immoveable
neg
adj
movement
nC
group
mover
nC
of
people
with
same
move
out
phr
v
aim
get
a
move
on
move
about/around
phr
v
move
away
phr
v
move
in
on
phr
v
move
on
phr
v
move
over
phr
v
move
up
phr
v
on
the
move
slow-‐moving
adj
see
also
@
slow
367
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
movie
movie
nC
movies
nU
movie
theater
nC
Am
see
also
@
theatre/
theater
movie
star
see
also
2
@
star
MP
see
also
@
MP
nC
abbrev
Brit
member,
parliament
Mr
Mr
title
Messrs
title
pl
Ms Ms title
369
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pop
music
nU
see
also
@
soul
1
also
@
pop
Muslim/Moslem
Muslim/Moslem
adj
Muslim/Moslem
nC
see
also
@
Islam
must
see
also
got
must
modal
v
mustn’t
must
modal
v
must
nC
to/
have
got
to
necessity
probability
mustache/
mustache
nC
Am/
mustached
adj
Am/
moustache
moustache
nC
Brit
moustached
adj
Brit
mustard
mustard
nU
371
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
narrow
narrow
adj
opp
narrow
vIT
narrow
adj
only
just
wide
successful
–
escape,
etc
narrow
escape
nC
see
also
@
escape
narrow-‐minded
adj
1
see
also
@
mind
nasal
see
@
nose
nasal
adj
373
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
also
@
tie
need
need
vT
require
need
v/need
to
phr
v
needless
neg
adj
needful
adj
need
nU
recommendation,
needy
adj
needlessly
neg
adv
requirement
in
need
of
sth
needn’t
no
need
to
do
sth
needle
needle
nC
sewing
needle
nC
medical
needle
vT
instrument
instrument
needlework
nU
see
2
also
@
work
1
negative
opp
negative
adj
negatively
adv
negative
nC
answer,
positive
grammar,
etc
negativity
nU
2
negative
negative
nU/adj
negative
nC
applications
electricity
photography
negative
nU/adj
temperature/
number
neglect
neglect
vT
neglect
nU
neglectful
adj
neglected
adj
negligence
negligence
nU
negligent
adj
negligently
adv
neighbour/neighbor
neighbour
nC
Brit/
neighbourhood
nC
neighbouring
adj
neighbour
nC
Brit/
neighbor
nC
Am
Brit/
neighborhood
Brit/
neighboring
adj
neighbor
nC
Am
person
living
nearby
nC
Am
Am
neighbouring
country
neighbourly
adv
Brit/
neighborly
adv
Am
in
the
neighbourhood/
374
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
neighborhood
neither
neither
adv
neither
here
nor
neither
det/pron/
there
conj
neither
…
nor
neon
neon
nU
375
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
never
never
adv
never
mind!
see
2
also
@
mind
nevertheless
nevertheless
adv
new
new
adj
recently
new
adj
different
newly
adv
newborn
adj
see
also
anew
adv
made
new
adj
just
arrived
@
born
new
adj
unused
brand
new
adj
see
also
new
adj
just
2
@
brand
discovered
renew
vT
renewable
adj
renewal
nCU
renewed
adj
New
Year’s
Day
nC
newcomer
nC
see
see
also
@
year,
day
also
@
come
New
Year’s
Eve
nC
see
also
@
year,
eve
news
news
nU
break
(the)
news/
the
news
nU
radio,
breaking
news
see
2
TV
broadcast
also
@
break
newspaper
nC
newsagent
nC
see
news
bulletin
nC
see
newscaster
nC
esp
publication,
also
@
agent
also
@
bulletin
Am
see
also
@
company
newsletter
nC
see
broadcast
1
also
@
letter news
reader
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
read
next
next
next
to
prep
next
door
adj/adv
the
next
thing
I
saw/
adj/pron/det/adv
see
also
@
door
knew
…
nice
nice
adj
pleasant
nicely
adv
nice
and…
nice
adj
kind
niche
niche
nC
normal
normal
adj
normally
adv
norm
nC
abnormal
neg
adj
normality
nU
normative
adj
abnormality
nC
abnormally
neg
adv
north
north
nU
northern
adj
North
Pole
nU
see
northwards
adv
Brit/
northernmost
adj
2
north
adv
also
@
pole northward
adv
Am
north
adj
northeast/north-‐
east
nU/adj
378
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
northeastern
adj
northwest/north-‐
west
nU/adj
northwestern
adj
nose
see
also
@
nose
nC
body
part
nose
nC
aircraft,
nose
vT/nose
about/
nasal,
nostril
rocket,
etc
around
phr
v
follow
one’s
nose
poke/stick
one’s
nose
in/into
sth
nasal
adj
nostalgia
nostalgia
nU
nostalgic
adj
379
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
unnoticed
neg
adj
2
notice
poster
notice
nC
noticeboard
nC
Brit
1
see
also
@
board
3
notice
resignation,
notice
nU
at
a
moment’s
warning,
etc
resignation
notice
notice
nU
advance
at
short
notice
warning
notify
notify
vT
notification
nU
now
now
adv
at
this
now
intro,
exclam
by
now
any
moment/
moment,
now/now
that
conj
just
now
very
second/
immediately
right
now
see
also
recently
minute/time
now
4
@
right just
now
at
this
(every)
now
and
moment
again/now
and
then
380
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
nowadays
adv
from
now
on
nowhere
nowhere
adv
get/go
nowhere
nowhere
near
nuclear
atomic
nuclear
adj
atomic
nuclear
bomb
nC
nuclear
adj
weapon
see
also
@
bomb
nuclear
power
nUC
nucleus
nucleus
adj
nuclear
adj
number
number
nC
numeral,
number
nC
a
number
of
number
vT
numbered
adj
symbol,
etc
telephone
number
PIN
number
nC
numberplate
nC
esp
telephone/phone
abbrev
=
personal
Brit
number
nC
see
also
identification
outnumber
vT
@
telephone,
number;
see
also
@
serial
number
nC
1
2
phone PIN see
also
@
serial
numeral/numerous
numerous
adj
numeral
nC
numerate
adj
numerical
adj
innumerate
neg
adj
innumerable
neg
adj
numerical
order
nU
1
see
also
@
order
nun
nun
nC
nunnery
nC
nurse
nurse
nC
nurse
vIT
nursing
home
nC
nursing
nU
2
see
also
@
home nursing
adj
nursery
nursery
nC
nursery
rhyme
nC
nursery
school
nC
see
also
@
rhyme
see
also
@
school
nurture
nurture
vT
nurture
nU
1
nut
dry
fruit
nut
nC
nutshell
nC
see
also
@
nutty
adj
relating
to
381
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
shell
nuts
in
a
nutshell
peanut
nC
chestnut
nC
walnut
nC
coconut
nCU
walnut
nC
2
nut
metal
fastener
nut
nC/nut
and
bolt
see
also
@
bolt
3
nut
crazy
person
nut
nC
informal
nutty
adj
informal
Oo
oak
oak
nCU
382
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
unbiased
objectivity
nU
oblige
obligation
nCU
legal
oblige
vT
obligatory
adj
obliged
to
do
sth
obligation
nC
moral,
commitment
oblong
oblong
adj
oblong
nC
384
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
switched
off
off
adj
cancelled,
not
available
be
off
phr
v
leave
2
off
prep
off
prep
down,
away
off
prep
not
using,
off
prep
removed
needing
1
offend
commit
offence
nC
Brit/
offend
vT
offending
adj
crime
offense
nC
Am
offender
nC
2
offend
upset
offend
vT
offensively
adj
offence
nC
Brit/
offensiveness
nU
offense
nC
Am
cause
offence/
offensive
adj
offense
take
offence/
offense
offensive
attack;
offensive
nC
see
also
@
defend/
offensive
adj
defensive
offence
nU
Brit/
offense
nU
Am
offer
offer
vT
offer
vT
propose
offering
nC
offered
adj
offer
nC
act
of
offering
offer
nC
sth
that
is
offered
1
office
room
for
office
nC
room
for
office
worker
nC
see
work,
study,
etc
work,
study,
etc
also
@
work/worker
office
nC
company
booking
office
nC
left-‐luggage
office
2
building
see
also
@
book nC
Brit
see
also
@
information
office
luggage
nC
see
also
@
lost
property
office
inform/information
nC
see
also
@
post
office
nC
see
lose/lost,
property
1
also
@
post
ticket
office
nC
see
also
@
ticket
tourist
office
nC
see
385
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
tour/tourist
2
office
job,
officer
nC
military/
office
nCU
officer
nC
sb
with
officially
adv
unofficial
neg
adj
unofficially
neg
adv
authority/officer
police
officer
official
adj
relating
authority
(non-‐ prison
officer
nC
see
to
job,
etc
military)
also
@
prison
official
adj
customs
officer
nC
probation
officer
nC
authorised
by
see
also
@
customs
see
also
@
probation
authority
police
officer
nC
see
also
@
police
offline
see
also
@
offline
adv/adj
2
line
offset
offset
vT
386
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pension/pensioner
olive
olive
nC
olive
oil
nU
see
also
@
oil
olive
branch
nC
see
1
also
@
branch
Olympic
Olympic
Games
n
pl
Olympic
adj
the
Olympics
n
pl
Olympian
nC
1
see
also
@
game
omelette/omelet
omelette
nC
Brit/
omelet
nC
Am
omen/ominous
ominous
adj
omen
nC
ominously
adv
omit/omission
omit
vT
omission
nC
1
on
prep
on
prep
above,
on
on
prep
state
(on
top,
on
the
surface
fire,
etc)
on
prep
direction,
on
prep
travel
(on
location
foot,
etc)
on
prep
on
day,
date
on
prep
broadcasts,
etc
(on
TV,
on
tape,
on
stage,
etc)
on
prep
about,
concerning
2
on
adv/adj
on
adv
wear,
cover
on
adv/adj
turn/
on
adv
travel,
board,
switch
on,
on
switch
etc
3
on
phrases
on
fire
see
also
@
on
business
see
also
and
so
on
on
behalf
of
on
duty
see
also
@
1
1
1
fire @
business on
board
see
also
@
duty
2
on
foot
see
also
@
board on
holiday
see
also
1
foot on
the
one/other
@
holiday
on
the/your
left
hand
see
also
@
on
a
journey
see
1
on
the/your
right
hand also
@
journey
on
purpose
see
also
on
loan
see
also
@
@
purpose
loan
on
sale
see
also
@
on
order
see
also
@
2
sale
order
387
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
on
time
see
also
@
on
request
see
also
1
time @
request
on
the/one’s
way
on
the
whole
see
(to/from)
see
also
also
@
whole
1
@
way from
now/then
on
1
once
on
one
once
adv
occasion
2
once
in
the
past
once
adv
3
once
when
once
conj
4
once
phrases
at
once
once
again/once
all
at
once
more
once
and
for
all
once
or
twice
once
in
a
while
once
upon
a
time
1
one
number;
see
one
cardinal
number
one-‐way
adj
see
one
or
two
a
few
1
also
@
first
1
also
@
way
2
one
det,
pronoun
one
det
time,
one
det
single,
one
pron
one
of
one
pron
formal
one
after
the
other/
occasion
(one
day),
separate
those
mentioned
anyone,
me
an
other
etc
one
another
pron
one
by
one
one
pron
single
one
day
in
the
past
example
one
day
in
the
(the)
one
…
(the)
future
other
one-‐off
n
sing
anyone
pron
one
way
or
another
no
one/no-‐one
pron
somehow
someone
pron
the
one
and
only
see
also
@
only
oneself
see
also
@
by
oneself
oneself
pron
formal
self
ongoing
ongoing
adj
389
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
operation
inoperative
neg
adj
2
operate
surgery
operate
vI
operating
theatre
nC
operation
nC
Brit/
operating
theater
nC
Am
see
also
@
theatre/theatre
inoperable
neg
adj
opinion
opinion
nC
opinionated
adj
a
matter
of
opinion
1
see
also
@
matter
public
opinion
nU
see
also
@
public
opinion
poll
nC
see
also
@
poll
opportunity
opportunity
nC
opportune
adj
opportunist
nC
opportunist/
opportunistic
adj
oppose/opponent
oppose
vT
be
opponent
nC
in
opposed
adj/
opposing
adj
against,
fight
against
argument,
etc
opposed
to
as
opposed
to
opposition
nU
opponent
nC
in
disagreement
sport
opposition
n
sing
opposing
team,
etc
opposite
opposite
adj
opposite
nC/the
completely
different
opposite
opposite
adj/adv/
prep
facing
opposite
adj
other
side
of
sth
oppress
oppress
vT
oppressed
adj
oppression
nU
oppressive
adj
oppressor
nC
390
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
oppressively
adv
opt/option
option
nC
opt
vI
optional
adj
optical
optical
adj
optician
nC
optics
nU
optimism
optimistic
adj
optimism
nU
optimist
nC
optimistically
adv
optimal
adj
optimum
adj
or
or
conj
two
or
more
or
conj
if
not
or
so
informal
options
approximately
oral
oral
adj
orally
adv
oral
nC
examination
orange
orange
nCU
fruit
orange
juice
nU
orange
nU
colour
orange
adj
orbit
orbit
nC
orbit
vIT
orbital
adj
orchard
orchard
nC
391
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
supplied
order
vT
ask
for
service/supply
3
order /in
order
in
order
to/that
conj
to/that
4
order
tidiness
order
nU
disorder
nU
ordered
adj
disordered
neg
adj
orderly
adj
5
order
good
order
nU
disorderly
neg
adj
behaviour
orderly
adj
law
and
order
see
disorder
nU
also
@
law
6
order
functioning
in
(good)
order
out
of
order
ordinary
ordinary
adj
ordinarily
adv
out
of
the
ordinary
extraordinary
adj
extraordinarily
adv
ore
ore
nCU
1
organ
body
part
organ
nC
organ
donor
nC
see
also
@
donate/
donor
2
organ
musical
organ
nC
organist
nC
instrument
organic
organic
adj
organically
adv
inorganic
neg
adj
organism
organism
nC
organize/
organize
vT
arrange
organization
nCU
organizer
nC
organized
adj
1
organization
arrangement,
system
arrange/
disorganized
neg
adj
reorganize
vIT
arrangement
disorganization
nU
reorganization
nCU
2
organization
organization
nC
organizational
adj
company,
group,
etc
orient
oriental
adj
the
orient
nU
392
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
disorientated
neg
adj
disorientation
nU
origin
original
adj
first
origin
nC/origins
n
pl
original
nC
not
a
originate
vI
original
adj
novel,
originality
nU
unoriginal
neg
adj
original
adj
not
originally
adv
copy
creative
originator
nC
copied
original
nC
first
made
ornament
ornament
nC
ornamental
adj
393
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
oust
oust
vT
out
out
adv
to
the
out
of
nothing
out
of
because
of
outage
nC
esp
Am
outside,
outside
remaining
outcast
nC
see
also
2
out
adv
away
from
out
adv
in
sport
@
cast
home,
work,
etc
out
adv
visible
(sun,
outcry
nC
see
also
2
out
of
made
from
etc)
@
cry /cry
out
out
of
part
of
a
total
out
adv
outdo
vT
extinguished
outstretched
adj
see
out
adv
sea:
low
tide
also
@
stretch
outer
adj
outweigh
vT
see
also
@
weigh
outermost
adj
outbreak
see
also
@
outbreak
nC
2
break
outburst
see
also
@
outburst
nC
burst
outcome
outcome
nC
394
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
outlook
attitude
outlook
nU
3
outlook
view
outlook
n
sing
outrage
see
also
@
outrage
nU
anger
outrageous
adj
outrage
nC
shocking
rage
outraged
adj
event
outrage
vT
outrageously
adv
outright
outright
adj/adv
outside
outside
adv/prep
outside
adj
opp.
outside
adj
from
outsider
nC
at
the
outside
at
opp.
inside
inside
elsewhere
most
outside/the
outside
outside
of
nC
exterior
outskirts
see
also
@
outskirts
n
pl
2
skirt
outspoken
see
also
outspoken
adj
@
speak/spoken
1
outstanding
outstanding
adj
outstandingly
adv
excellent
stand
out
phr
v
be
noticeable;
see
also
3
@
stand
2
outstanding
outstanding
adj
incomplete;
not
paid
outward
see
also
@
outwards
adv
Brit/
outward
adj
outwardly
adv
2
ward /-‐ward
outward
adv
Am
outweigh
outweigh
vT
see
also
@
weigh
395
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
oval
oval
adj
oval
nC
398
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
very
great
owe
owe
vT
be
in
debt;
owing
adj
owe
money
owe
vT
owe
non-‐
monetary
item
owing/owing
to
owing
to
prep
Pp
pa/papa
grandpa
nC
informal
pa/papa
nC
informal
2
see
also
@
grand
1
pace
speed
pace
nU
at
a
snail’s
pace
see
also
@
snail
keep
pace
with
set
the
pace
pace
vT/pace
oneself
2
pace
step,
stride
pace
nC
pace
vIT
1
pack /
pack
vIT
load
bag,
pack
nC
things
pack
vIT
fill
packed
adj
filled
unpack
vIT
package/
etc
packed
or
tied
completely
completely
jam-‐packed
adj
399
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
packet
pack
vIT
load
bag,
together
pack
nC
luggage
packing
nU
informal
see
also
@
3
etc
pack
nC
esp
Am
carried
on
sb’s
back
jam
packet
pack
(sth)
in
phr
v
pack
nC
set
of
finish
playing
cards
pack
it
in!
exclam
pack
off
phr
v
send
away
pack
up
phr
v
finish
backpack
nC
see
backpack
vI
2
also
@
back backpacking
nU
backpacker
nC
see
2
also
@
back
package
nC
parcel
package
nC
esp
Am
package
vT
packaging
nU
packaged
adj
packet
package
holiday
nC
see
also
@
holiday
packing-‐case
nC
see
2
also
@
case
packet
nC
wage-‐packet
nC
see
also
@
wage/wages
2
pack
group
of
pack
nC
animals,
cards,
etc
pact
pact
nC
1
pad
cloth,
paper,
pad
nC
pad
vT
etc
padded
adj
padding
nU
pad
out
phr
v
mouse
pad
nC
see
2
also
@
mouse
notepad
nC
see
also
1
@
note
2
pad
walk
quietly
pad
vI
3
pad launching
pad
pad
nC
launchpad
nC
Am/
launching
pad
nC
400
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
Brit
see
also
@
launch
page
page
nC
sheet
of
home
page
nC
see
1
paper;
page
in
book,
also
@
home
etc
pain
pain
nCU
physical
painful
adj
pain
nCU
mental,
painfully
adv
pain
vT
pain
emotional
pain
painless
neg
adj
painlessly
neg
adv
painkiller
nC
see
also
@
kill/killer
pains
n
pl
period
pain
nCU
see
3
also
@
period
take
pains
be
at
pains
to
…
paint
paint
nCU
paintbrush
nC
see
paint
the
town
red
paint
vIT
decorate
also
@
brush
idiom
see
also
@
red,
town
pair
pair
nC
two
pair
nC
two
people,
pair
vIT
couple
pair
off
phr
v
pair
up
phr
v
pajamas/pyjamas
pajamas
n
pl
Am/
pyjamas
n
pl
Brit
pal
pal
nC
informal
pally
adj
informal
penpal
nC
see
also
@
pen
palace
palace
nC
palatial
adj
pan
container
pan
nC
frying
pan
nC
see
saucepan
nC
see
also
@
fry
also
@
sauce
pancake
see
also
@
pancake
nC
cake
1
panel
expert
group
panel
nC
panellist
nC
Brit/
panelist
nC
Am
2
panel
wall
covering,
panel
nC
panelling
nU
Brit/
etc
paneling
nU
Am
solar
panel
nC
see
also
@
solar
panic
panic
nCU
panic
vI
panicky
adj
parallel
parallel
adj
parallel
nC
line
parallel
vT
unparalleled
neg
adj
parallel
nC
similarity
parallelogram
nC
paralyze
paralyze
vT
paralyzed
adj
paralysis
nU
parameter
parameter
nC
404
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
parlour/parlor
parlour
nC
Brit/
parlor
nC
Am
parrot
parrot
nC
parrot
vT
405
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
birthday
stag
party
nC
see
dinner
party
nC
see
also
@
stag
also
@
dinner
2
party
political
party
nC
multiparty
adj
group
3
party
person
in
party
nC
third-‐party
adj/nC
contract,
etc
see
also
@
third
1
pass
move
past
pass
vIT
move
past
pass
vT
move
pass
vT
give,
passing
nU
moving
surpass
vT
unsurpassed
neg
adj
beyond
a
certain
transmit
past
time
pass
vT
sport
–
ball,
etc
pass
nC
sport
–
ball,
etc
pass
away/on
phr
v
die
pass
by
phr
v
pass
off
phr
v
diminish
pass
off
phr
v
take
place
pass
on
phr
v
proceed
pass
on
phr
v
tell
pass
out
phr
v
distribute
pass
out
phr
v
faint
pass
over
phr
v
ignore
pass
through
phr
v
go
through
somewhere
without
stopping
pass
up
phr
v
miss
406
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
passer-‐by/passerby
nC
2
pass
document
passport
nC
pass
nC
passkey
nC
see
also
1
giving
permission
pass
vT
approve
a
@
key
law,
etc
boarding
pass
nC
2
see
also
@
board
password
nC
see
also
@
word
3
pass
succeed
in
pass
vIT
pass
nC
esp
Brit
pass
mark
nC
esp
examination
Brit
4
pass
route,
esp.
pass
nC
bypass
vT
overpass
nC
through
mountains
bypass
nC
underpass
nC
1
passage
hallway,
passage
nC
passageway
nC
see
3
tunnel
also
@
way
2
passage
journey,
passenger
nC
passage
nU
formal
passing
of
time/
passenger
passion
passion
nCU
passionate
adj
passionately
adv
impassioned
adj
407
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
time,
later
past
adj
previous
the
past
nU
2
past
grammar
past
nU
past
tense
nC
see
2
also
@
tense
pasta
pasta
nU
408
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
patient patient
nC
outpatient
nC
pay
pay
vIT
give
money
pay
nU
salary,
etc
payphone
nC
see
payable
adj
pay
vT
give
attention,
paid
adj
1
for
work,
goods,
etc
payment
nCU
also
@
phone payroll
nC
compliment,
visit,
etc
pay
vI
be
worth
pay
for
phr
v
pay
rise
nC
esp
Brit/
payee
nC
pay
attention
to
sb/
pay
raise
nC
esp
Am
payer
nC
sth
see
also
@
1 3
see
also
@
rise /
payment
nCU
attend /attention
raise
punishment,
reward
pay
any/the
price
pay
cheque
nC
Brit/
pay
suffer
consequences;
check
nC
Am
see
also
see
also
@
price
2
@
cheque/
check pay
sb/sth
back
phr
v
pay
in
phr
v
deposit
money
in
bank,
etc
pay-‐off
nC
settle
a
debt
409
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pay
out
phr
v
pay
up
phr
v
pay
reluctantly
tax
payer
nC
see
repay
vT
unpaid
neg
adj
repayable
adj
also
@
tax
repayment
nC
pea
pea
nC
peace
peace
nU
opp.
war
peace
nU
quiet,
peaceful
adj
peacefully
adv
at
peace
calm
make
peace
keep
the
peace
peacekeeper
nC
peacekeeping
nU
see
2
also
@
keep
peach
peach
nC
peachy
adj
informal
pearl
pearl
nC
jewel
pearl
nC
sb/sth
of
great
pearly
adj
worth
mother-‐of-‐pearl
nU
peasant
peasant
nC
peasantry
nU
412
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
perform
carry
out
perform
vT
performance
nCU
action
2
perform
entertain
perform
vIT
performer
nC
performing
adj
performance
nC
perfume
perfume
nC
perfumed
adj
perfume
vT
perhaps
perhaps
adv
maybe
perhaps
adv
approximately
peril
peril
nCU
perilous
adj
perilously
adv
imperil
vT
at
one’s
peril
perimeter
perimeter
nC
1
period
length
of
period
nC
period
nC
school
periodic
adj
periodical
nC
time
lesson
periodically
adv
magazine
2
period
punctuation
period
nC
Am
see
also
@
full/full
stop
3
period
period
nC
period
pain
nCU
see
menstruation
also
@
pain
permanent
permanent
adj
permanently
adv
permanence
nU
impermanent
neg
adj
impermanence
nU
permit/permission
permit
vT
permission
nU
permit
nC
permitted
adj
permissive
adj
permissible
adj
impermissible
neg
adj
perpetual
perpetual
adj
perpetually
adv
perpetuate
vT
formal
perpetuation
nU
perpetuity
nU/in
perpetuity
formal
persist
persist
vI
persistent
adj
persistence
nU
persistently
adv
person/personal
person
nC
personal
adj
private
personal
adj
bodily
impersonal
neg
adj
impersonate
vT
personal
adj
relating
personally
adv
interpersonal
adj
impersonation
nCU
413
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
see
also
@
people
to
a
person
personal
adj
private
personal
adj
bodily
impersonal
neg
adj
personable
adj
personally
adv
interpersonal
adj
personalize
vT
personalized
adj
in
person
personal
pronoun
nC
see
also
@
pronoun
chairperson
nC
see
salesperson
nC
see
2
also
@
chair also
@
sale
spokesperson
nC
see
also
@
speak,
spoken
personality
personality
nCU
personality
nC
character
celebrity
personnel
personnel
nU
personnel
n
sing
employees
human
resources
department
perspective
perspective
nC
opinion
persuade
persuade
vT
persuasion
nU
persuasive
adj
persuasively
adv
power
to
persuade
persuasiveness
nU
pertinent
pertinent
adj
relevant
pertinently
adv
414
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
petition
petition
nC
petition
vT
petrol
petrol
nU
esp
Brit
petrol
station
nC
Brit
petroleum
nU
esp
Brit
petrol
pump
nC
Brit
4
see
also
@
station see
also
@
pump
petrol
tank
nC
Brit
1
see
also
@
tank
petty
petty
adj
pettiness
nU
pettily
adv
petty
cash
nU
see
also
@
cash
pharmacy
pharmacy
nC
pharmaceutical
nC
pharmacist
nC
pharmaceutical
adj
phase
phase
nC
phase
vT
phase
in/out
phr
v
phased
adj
phenomenon/
phenomenon
nC
phenomena
phenomenal
phenomenal
adj
phenomenally
adv
emphasis
philosophy
philosophy
nU
philosopher
nC
philosophically
adv
philosophical
adj
1
phone
telephone;
phone
nC
phone
vIT/phone
up
be
on
the
phone
see
also
@
phr
v
telephone
phone
call
nC
see
phone
number
nC
answerphone
nC
phone
book
nC
see
2
1
also
@
call see
also
@
number
see
also
@
answer
also
@
book
cellphone
nC
Am
payphone
nC
see
phone
booth
nC
see
2
see
also
@
cell also
@
pay
also
@
booth
mobile
phone
nC
Brit
phone
box
nC
see
1
see
also
@
mobile
also
@
box
2
phone /-‐phone
gramophone
nC
old-‐ earphone
nC
see
also
1
fashioned
@
ear
headphone
see
also
1
@
head
415
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
microphone
nC
phonetic
phonetic
adj
phonetics
nU
phonetician
nC
phonetically
adv
photocopy
see
also
photocopy
vT
photocopiable
adj
@
copy
photocopy
nC
photocopier
nC
photocopied
adj
photograph
photograph
nC
photographer
nC
photograph
vT
photo
nC
informal
photography
nU
photographic
adj
phrase
phrase
nC
phrase
vT
phrasal
adj
421
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
etc
easily
understood
opp.
ornate
forthright
speaking
adj
see
also
@
speak/
spoken
2
plain
flat
land
plain
nC
floodplain
nC
see
also
@
flood
3
plain
emphasis
plain
adj
plainly
adv
plaintiff
plaintiff
nC
1
plan future
plan
nC
planned
adj
planner
nC
unplanned
neg
adj
arrangement plan
vIT
make
plans
family
planning
nU
plan
vIT
see
also
@
family
plan
on
phr
v
town
planning
nU
planning
nU
see
also
@
town
2
plan
drawing,
etc
plan
nC
planning
nU
designing
plane
see
also
@
plane
nC
aeroplane
nC
Brit
biplane
nC
aeroplane/airplane
by
plane
airplane
nC
Am
cargo
plane
nC
see
also
@
cargo
planemaker
nC
see
1
also
@
make
seaplane
nC
see
also
1
@
sea
planet
planet
nC
planetary
adj
interplanetary
adj
422
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
transplant
nC
sth
that
has
been
transplanted
plaque
plaque
nC
423
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
licence/license
plate
glass
nU
see
also
@
glass
plateau
plateau
nC
plateau
vI
424
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
watch/listen
to
on
an
instrument
who
plays
an
play
a
part
in
sth
recorded
music,
play
vIT
recorded
instrument
pictures,
etc
music,
etc
player
nC
machine
that
plays
music
cassette
player
nC
see
also
@
cassette
DVD
player
nC
see
also
@
DVD
record
player
nC
see
1
also
@
record
3
play
drama
play
nC
play
vIT
playwright
nC
player
nC
actor
screenplay
nC
see
1
also
@
screen
plea/plead
plea
nC
formal
plea
nC
guilty/not
request
guilty
in
a
court
plead
vI
beg
plead
vIT
in
a
court
pleasant/pleasure
pleasant
adj
pleasantly
adv
pleasantry
nC
formal
2
see
also
@
please
unpleasant
neg
adj
unpleasantly
neg
adv
unpleasantness
nU
pleasure
nCU
displeasure
nU
formal
pleasurable
adj
pleasurably
adv
with
pleasure!
exclam
1
please
polite
please
exclam
polite
please
exclam
request
request
emphasis
2
please
make
sb
please
vIT
displease
vT
formal
pleasing
adj
happy;
see
also
@
pleased
adj
(I’m)
pleased
to
pleasant,
pleasure
meet
you!
see
also
1
@
meet
pledge
pledge
nC
promise
pledge
vT
plenty
plenty
pron
plentiful
adj
plentifully
adv
plenty
nU
425
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
plight
plight
nC
usu
sing
1
plot
storyline
in
plot
nC
lose
the
plot
novel,
etc
2
plot
secret
plan
plot
nC
plot
vIT
plotter
nC
426
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pluralist
adj
plurality
nCU
plus
plus
prep
plus
adj
plus
nC
plus
sign
nC
see
also
1
@
sign
pneumonia
pneumonia
nU
pocket
pocket
nC
in
pocket
money
nC
pocket
nC
fig:
pocket
vT
pocket
adj
clothing
see
also
@
money
empty
space
in
sth
pickpocket
nC
pocket
book
nC
see
1
pickpocket
vT
see
also
also
@
book
@
pick
pocket
watch
nC
see
2
also
@
watch
in
sb’s
pocket
in/out
of
pocket
poem/poetry
poem
nC
poet
nC
poetic/poetical
adj
poetically
adv
poetry
nU
poet
laureate
nC
Brit
1
point important
point
nC
important
point
of
view
nC
see
standpoint
nC
see
pointless
neg
adj
pointlessly
neg
adv
2
2
idea,
purpose
idea
also
@
view also
@
stand a
case
in
point
see
2
point
nC
purpose
viewpoint
nC
see
also
@
case
2
also
@
view beside
the
point
see
also
@
beside
keep/stick
to
the
point
make
a
point
of
miss
the
point
off/away
from
the
point
to
the
point
point
sth
out
phr
v
2
point
time,
place
point
nC
particular
on
the
point
of
time
doing
sth
point
nC
particular
midpoint
nC
see
place
also
@
middle/mid-‐
pinpoint
vT/adj
assembly
point
nC
427
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
see
also
@
assemble
cashpoint
nC
Brit®
see
also
@
cash
checkpoint
nC
see
3
also
@
check
turning
point
nC
see
1
also
@
turn
3
point
score
in
point
nC
tennis,
rugby,
etc
4
point
sharp
end
of
point
nC
ballpoint
nC/
gunpoint
n
sing/at
sth
pointed
adj
ballpoint
pen
nC
see
gunpoint
see
also
@
1
also
@
ball ,
pen
gun
5
point
with
finger,
point
vI
with
finger
point
sb/sth
out
phr
weapon,
etc
to
indicate
direction,
v
identify
etc
point
to/towards
point
vT
hold
knife,
phr
v
suggest
etc
at
sb/sth
pointer
nC
point
vT
face
in
a
direction,
aim
6
point
point
on
decimal
point
nC
point
nC
point
on
compass,
scale,
etc
see
also
@
decimal
compass
pointer
nC
poison
poison
nCU
poisoned
adj
poison
vT
poisoner
nC
poisonous
adj
poisoning
nU
poke
poke
vIT
poker
nC
rod
for
poking
poke
about/around
phr
v
poke
fun
at
sb/sth
see
also
@
fun
poke
one’s
nose
in/into
sth
see
also
@
nose
428
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
pole
length
of
pole
nC
bargepole
nC
see
wood
also
@
barge
429
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
see
also
@
station
opinion
poll
nC
see
also
@
opinion
pollute
pollution
nU
pollute
vT
polluter
nC
pollutant
nC
unpolluted
neg
adj
polluted
adj
pond
pond
nC
430
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
widespread
population
population
nC
populate
vT
populated
adj
unpopulated
neg
adj
porcelain
porcelain
nU
431
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
positive
hopeful,
positive
adj
positively
adv
encouraging
2
positive
above
positive
adj
zero;
opp.
negative,
minus
3
positive
electricity
positive
adj
432
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
4
post
put
up
sign,
post
vT
notice,
etc/poster
poster
nC
5
post
military
post
nC
outpost
nC
position
command
post
nC
see
also
@
2
command
postgraduate
see
postgraduate
nC/adj
also
@
graduate
postmodern
postmodern
adj
see
also
@
modern
postpone
postpone
vT
postponement
nCU
post-‐war
post-‐war/postwar
adj
see
also
@
war
pot
container
pot
nC
pottery
nU
pot
vT
chimneypot
nC
see
also
@
chimney
coffeepot
nC
see
also
@
coffee
flowerpot
nC
see
also
@
flower
teapot
nC
see
also
@
tea
pots
of
sth
informal
potassium
potassium
nU
433
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
potato
chip
nC
Am
2
see
also
@
chip
potato
crisp
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
crisp
roast
potato
nC
see
also
@
roast
potent
potent
adj
potency
nU
potently
adv
impotent
neg
adj
impotence
nU
Impotently
neg
adv
potential
potential
adj
potential
nU
potentially
adv
434
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
powers
n
pl
mental
abilities
powerlessly
neg
adv
powers
n
pl
people
in
authority
the
powers
that
be
come
to
power
lose
power
empower
vT
empowered
adj
empowering
adj
empowerment
nU
2
power
driving
force
power
nU
power
vT
powered
adj
firepower
nU
see
2
also
@
fire
horsepower
nCU
see
also
@
horse
manpower
nU
see
2
also
@
man
nuclear
power
nU
nuclear-‐powered
adj
1
see
also
@
nuclear
power
station
nC
4
see
also
@
station
1
practice/practise
practice
nU
practical
adj
practicable
adj
practising
adj
Brit/
application,
not
practise
vT
Brit/
practically
adv
practicing
adj
Am
theory
practice
vT
Am
impractical
neg
adj
practicality
nCU
practise/practice
what
you
preach
see
also
@
preach
in
practice
put
into
practice
2
practice/practise
practice
nCU
practise
vIT
Brit/
practitioner
nC
practising
adj
Brit/
regular
activity,
practice
vIT
Am
practicing
adj
Am
training,
etc
out
of
practice
435
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
practice/practise
practise
vT
Brit/
practice
nC
practising
adj
Brit/
medical,
legal,
etc practice
vT
Am
practicing
adj
Am
malpractice
nU
practically
almost
practically
adv
436
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
precise/precisely
precise
adj
precision
nU
imprecise
neg
adj
precisely
adv
imprecisely
neg
adv
accurately
imprecision
nU
2
precisely
emphasis,
precisely
exclam
agreement
preclude
preclude
vT
formal
predict
predict
vT
prediction
nCU
predictable
adj
predictably
adv
predictability
nU
predictor
nC
unpredictably
neg
unpredictable
neg
adj
adv
unpredictability
nU
predominantly
see
predominantly
adv
predominant
adj
predominate
vI
also
@
dominate/
dominant
preface
preface
nC
preface
vT
prefatory
adj
prefer
prefer
vT
preference
nCU
preferred
adj
preferable
adj
preferably
adv
preferential
adj
prefix
see
also
@
prefix
nC
prefix
vT
suffix
pregnant
pregnant
adj
pregnancy
nCU
437
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
premature
see
also
premature
adj
prematurely
adv
@
mature
premier
premier
adj
premiere
nC
first
premier
nC
esp
Brit
performance
prime
minister
premises
premises
n
pl
438
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
4
present
introduce/
present
vT
Brit
presenter
nC
Brit
host
a
TV
programme
5
present
show/
present
vIT
explain
sth
formally
presentation
nC
preserve
preserve
vT
preservation
nU
preservative
nC
preserved
adj
pre-‐school
see
also
pre-‐school
adj
@
school
pre-‐school
nC
preside
preside
vI
presiding
adj
president
president
nC
of
president
nC
of
presidential
adj
presidency
nCU
vice-‐president
nC
country
company
etc
1
press
push/
press
vIT
press
vT
iron
press
nC
pressure
pressure
nCU
force
clothes,
etc
pressure
cooker
nC
impression
nC
mark
see
also
@
cook/
made
by
pressure
cooker
pressurize
vIT
press
vIT
fig:
pressure
vT
pressed
adj
persuade
pressure
group
nC
pressure
nCU
see
also
@
group
put
sb
under
pressure
2
press
newspapers,
press/the
press
nU
press
nC
etc
printing
press
nC
see
also
@
print
press
conference
nC
see
also
@
confer/
conference
press
release
nC
see
2
also
@
release
3
press
hurry
press
on
phr
v
pressing
adj
urgent
prestige
prestige
nU
prestigious
adj
439
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
presume
presumably
adv
presume
vT
presumption
nCU
presumed
adj
440
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pride
see
also
@
pride
nU
feeling
pride
n
sing
sth/sb
one
pride
and
joy
n
sing
proud
is
proud
of
see
also
@
joy
pride
oneself
on
priest
priest
nC
priestess
nC
priestly
adj
priesthood
nU
parish
priest
nC
see
also
@
parish
prime/primary
prime
adj
main/
prime
minister
nC
primacy
nU
formal
1
most
important
see
also
@
minister
prime
adj
best
quality
primary
adj
primarily
adv
primary
nC
Am
primary
school
nC
preliminary
election
esp
Brit
see
also
@
school
primitive
primitive
adj
primitively
adv
primitiveness
nU
prince
prince
nC
princely
adj
princess
nC
1
principal
main
principal
adj
principal
nC
head
of
principally
adv
school,
college,
etc
2
principal
sum
of
principal
nC
money
principle
principle
nC
basic
principle
nC
moral
principled
adj
idea
rule
unprincipled
neg
adj
1
print
reproducing
print
nU
process
print
nC
printed
blueprint
nC
in
print
documents,
books,
print
nU
published
picture
out
of
print
etc
on
paper
printed
adj
print
n
sing
font
size
printing
nU
print
vIT
produce
sth
in
print
print
vT
publish
sth
in
a
newspaper,
etc
print
vT
print
a
book,
etc
441
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
print
vIT
write
clearly,
usually
in
capitals
printer
nC
machine;
person
2
print
mark
made
by
print
nC
fingerprint
vT
see
pressing
fingerprint
nC
see
also
@
finger
also
@
finger
footprint
nC
see
also
@
foot
prior
prior
adj
prior
to
conj
442
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
prize
prize
nC
prize
vT
value
prized
adj
prize-‐giving
adj/nC
prize-‐winning
adj
prize-‐winner
nC
pro
advantage
pro
nC
pros
and
cons
see
1
also
@
con
probable/probably
probably
adv
probable
adj
probability
nC
improbable
neg
adj
improbably
neg
adv
improbability
nCU
in
all
probability
probation
probation
nU
probation
officer
nC
2
see
also
@
office /
officer
probe
probe
vIT
probing
adj
probe
nC
problem
problem
nC
problematic
adj
no
problem!
exclam
unproblematic
neg
adj
procedure
procedure
nCU
procedure
nC
procedural
adj
system
surgery,
operation
proceed
proceed
vI
proceeds
n
pl
formal
proceedings
n
pl
money
collected
formal
1
process
procedure
process
nC
processing
nU
process
vT
processed
adj
to
do/make
sth
processor
nC
data-‐processing
nU
computer
see
also
@
data
in
the
process
of
doing
sth
2
process
formal
procession
nC
process
vI
walk/procession
proclaim/
proclaim
vT
proclamation
nCU
proclamation
1
produce
make
produce
vT
make,
producer
nC
production
nCU
produce
nU
crops,
productively
adv
cause
manufacturer
things
made;
output
etc
unproductive
neg
443
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
product
nC
productive
adj
adj
production
nU
productivity
nU
counterproductive
process
of
making
neg
adj
sth
2
produce
make
film,
produce
vT
production
nU
TV
programme,
etc
producer
nC
process
of
making
film,
etc
production
nC
film,
etc
produced
profession
professional
adj
profession
nC
type
profession
n
sing
professionalism
nU
unprofessional
neg
relating
to
a
of
work
those
in
a
profession
professionally
adv
adj
profession
professional
adj
not
unprofessionally
neg
amateur
adv
professional
adj
conforming
to
professional
standards
professional
nC
sb
in
a
profession
professor
professor
nC
professorial
adj
profit
profit
nCU
monetary
profit
nCU
fig:
profit
vT
unprofitable
neg
adj
gain
advantage
profitable
adj
profitability
nU
non-‐profit
adj
non-‐profit-‐making
adj
not-‐for-‐profit
adj
profound/
profound
adj
profoundly
adv
444
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
profundity
profundity
nU
1
program /
programme
nC
Brit/
programming
nU
programme
program
nC
Am
broadcast
2
program
computer
program
nC
program
vT
programming
nU
programmer
nC
3
program /
programme
nC
Brit/
programme
program
nC
Am
timetable,
plan
1
progress
become
progress
nU
progress
vI
more
modern,
progressive
adj
developed
2
progress
continue
progress
nU
progress
vI
progression
nU
in
progress
formal
progressively
adv
progressive
adj
gradual
prohibit
prohibit
vT
prohibition
nCU
prohibitive
adj
prohibited
adj
prohibitively
adv
1
project
scheme
project
nC
2
project
direct
sth
project
vT
projectile
nC
through
the
air
projector
nC
projectionist
nC
3
project
forecast
project
vT
projection
nC
projected
adj
4
project
stick
out,
project
vI
protrude
proliferate/
prolific
proliferation
nU
proliferate
vI
prolific
adj
prolong
prolonged
adj
prolong
vT
445
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
promise
break
a/one’s
promise
see
also
@
1
break
2
promise
potential
promising
adj
promise
nU
promisingly
adv
unpromising
neg
adj
full
of
promise
1
promote
advertise,
promote
vT
promoter
nC
promotional
adj
support
promotion
nCU
2
promote
increase
promote
vT
promotion
nCU
rank
1
prompt
cause
prompt
vT
prompt
sb
to
do
sth
prompting
nU
unprompted
neg
adj
2
prompt
punctual
prompt
adj
promptness
nU
promptly
adv
prone
vulnerable
prone
adj
be
prone
to
sth/do
sth
accident-‐prone
adj
see
also
@
accident
pronoun
see
also
@
pronoun
nC
personal
pronoun
nC
noun
pronounce
speak
in
pronounce
vT
pronunciation
nCU
pronounceable
adj
a
particular
way
unpronounceable
neg
adj
1
proof
proof
nCU
demonstration
of
prove
vT
proven
adj
disprove
vT
truth,
etc;
see
also
prove
oneself
@
prove
unproven
neg
adj
2
proof
trial
print
proof
nC
proofread
vIT
proofreader
nC
3
proof /-‐proof
waterproof
adj
see
proof
adj
bulletproof
adj
see
also
@
water
also
@
bullet
childproof
adj
see
446
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
child
dustproof
adj
see
also
@
dust
fireproof
adj
see
1
also
@
fire
shockproof
adj
see
also
@
shock
soundproof
adj
soundproof
vIT
soundproofing
nU
1
see
also
@
sound
waterproof
nC
usu
pl
see
also
@
water
prop
prop
vT/prop
up
phr
prop
nC
prop
against
phr
v
v
propaganda
propaganda
nU
447
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
proportion
proportion
nC
proportional
adj
in
proportion
to
percentage
disproportionate
neg
adj
disproportionately
neg
adv
1
propose
suggest
proposal
nC
propose
vT
proposition
nC
sth
proposed
adj
2
propose
suggest
propose
vIT
marriage
proposal
nC
proprietor
proprietor
nC
448
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
protocol
protocol
nCU
449
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
pub
pub
nC
publican
nC
public
house
nC
see
2
also
@
house
public
public
adj
referring
public
adj
opp.
public
adj
belonging
the
general
public
to
many/most
private
to
the
government
nU
people
in
public
public
convenience
the
public
nU
publicly
adj
nC
see
also
@
convenience
public
school
nC
Brit
public
holiday
nC
public
house
nC
see
2
fee-‐paying
school;
see
also
@
holiday
also
@
house
see
also
@
school
public
transport
nU
public
lavatory
nC
public
school
nC
esp
esp
Brit
see
also
@
see
also
@
lavatory
Am
=
government
transport
public
opinion
nU
school
public
see
also
@
opinion
transportation
nC
public
relations
n
pl
esp
Am
see
also
@
see
also
@
relations
transport/
public
sector
nC
see
transportation
also
@
sector
publicity
publicity
nU
publicist
nC
publicize
vT
publish/publication
publish
vT
publication
nU
act,
publisher
nC
publishing
nU
published
adj
unpublished
neg
adj
process
of
publishing
unpublishable
neg
publication
nC
sth
adj
published
pudding
pudding
nCU
sweet,
rice
pudding
nCU
usu.
cold
dish
see
also
@
rice
pudding
nCU
Brit
soft-‐crust
pie
pudding
nCU
Brit
dessert
pull
pull
vIT
drag,
move
pull
nC
usu
sing
pull
apart
phr
v
forward
or
towards
pull
away/off/out
phr
v
leave
in
vehicle
pull
down
phr
v
450
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
demolish
pull
in/over
phr
v
park,
arrive
pull
off
phr
v
remove
pull
it
off
phr
v
succeed
pull
on
phr
v
dress
hurriedly
pull
out
phr
v
extract
pull
through
phr
v
recover
pull
together
phr
v
work
together
pull
oneself
together
phr
v
control
one’s
feelings
pull
up
phr
v
stop
a
vehicle
pullover
pullover
nC
453
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
stay
2
put
state,
express
put
sth
(down)
(in
put
one’s
name
put
sb
off
(sth/sb)
put
vT
state
in
writing)
phr
v
state
down/forward
phr
v
phr
v
discourage
speech
or
writing
in
writing
volunteer
put
across/over
phr
v
convey
meaning
put
sth
down
to
sth
phr
v
think
that
sth
is
caused
by
sth
put
sth/sb
forward
phr
v
propose
put
in
for
sth
phr
v
apply
for
sth
put
sb
through
phr
v
make
telephone
connection
puzzle
puzzle
nC
mystery
puzzle
nC
usu
sing
puzzled
adj
mystified
puzzling
adj
game,
riddle,
etc
mystery,
problem
crossword
nC/
puzzle
out
phr
v
puzzle
vT
crossword
puzzle
nC
solve
a
problem
see
also
@
word
jigsaw
puzzle
nC
pyjamas/pajamas
pyjamas
n
pl
Brit/
pajamas
n
pl
Am
pyramid
pyramid
nC
Qq
1
qualify
/
qualify
vIT
graduate
qualified
adj
unqualified
neg
adj
1
qualification
qualification
nC
without
certify/
certification,
certificate,
etc
qualifications
2
qualify
be
eligible
qualify
vIT
be
disqualify
vT
disqualification
nCU
eligible
disqualified
neg
adj
3
qualify
/
qualify
vT
unqualified
neg
adj
qualification
qualified
adj
without
restriction
restrict/restriction
qualification
nC
454
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
quality
standard
quality
nCU
quality
nU
high
qualitative
adj
qualitatively
adv
standard
standard
high-‐/low-‐quality
quality
adj
adj
2
quality
quality
nC
characteristic
quantity
quantity
nCU
quantitative
adj
quantify
vT
quantum
nC
quantitatively
adv
in
quantity
quantifiable
adj
quarrel
quarrel
nC
quarrelsome
adj
quarrel
vI
quarter quarter
nC
one-‐ quarter
nC
15
a
quarter
to
Brit/a
quarterly
adv/adj
quarter
nC
3
months
fourth,
¼
minutes
quarter
of
Am
quarter
vT
a
quarter/three
telling
time
quarters
of
an
hour
a
quarter
past
quarters
headquarters
n
pl
quarters
n
pl
quarter
vT
HQ
abbrev
quay
quay
nC
quayside
nC/adj
question
question
nC
query,
question
nC
item
in
question
vT
doubt
questionnaire
nC
question
mark
nC
questioning
nU
question
nU
doubt,
2
inquiry
test,
exam
see
also
@
mark confusion
question
nC
questionable
adj
unquestionable
neg
problem,
issue
adj
question
vT
ask,
unquestionably
neg
interrogate
adv
unquestioned
neg
adj
455
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
beside
the
question
beyond
(all)
question
call
into
question
in
question
multiple-‐choice
question
nC
see
also
1
@
choice ,
multiple
out
of
the
question
without
question
queue
see
also
@
queue
nC
Brit
jump
the
queue
see
1
line queue
vI
Brit
also
@
jump
queue
up
phr
v
Brit
quick
quick
adj
fast
quick
adv
quick
adj
intelligent
quickly
adv
quick
adj/quick-‐
tempered
adj
see
also
@
temper
quicken
vIT
quickness
nU
quid
quid
n
sing
informal
Brit
quiet
quiet
adj
quiet
nU
quietly
adv
quietness
nU
quiet/quiet
down
phr
v
Am
quieten/quieten
down
phr
v
Brit
on
the
quiet
quilt
quilt
nC
quilt
adj
quilted
adj
quit
quit
vIT
informal
quitter
nC
1
quite
fairly
quite
adv
Brit
2
quite
completely
quite
adv
not
quite
456
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
quiz
quiz
nC
competition
quiz
vT
quiz
nC
Am
short
test
quizmaster
nC
quizzical
adj
quizzically
adv
quota
quota
nC
1
quote
cite
sb’s
quote
vIT
quotation
nC
quotation
mark
nC
usu
quotable
adj
2
words
quote
nC
pl
see
also
@
mark unquotable
neg
adj
2
quote
give
a
price
quote
vIT
quotation
nC
Rr
rabbit
rabbit
nC
1
race
contest
race
nC
sports
race
nC
non-‐sports
race
vIT
in
sport
race
vIT
hurry;
non-‐
contest
contest
racing
adj
sport
racing
nU
racing
car
nC
Brit/
relay
race
nC
see
horse-‐racing
nU
race
course
nC
Brit
5
race
car
nC
Am
see
also
@
relay
race
horse
nC
see
also
see
also
@
course
1
also
@
car @
horse
race
track
nC
esp
Am
2
racing
driver
nC
see
motor-‐racing
nU
see
see
also
@
track
1
also
@
drive /driver
also
@
motor
2
race
ethnic
group
race
nCU
racial
adj
racially
adv
race
relations
n
pl
racism
nU
see
also
@
relations
racist
adj
racist
nC
rack
rack
nC
luggage
rack
nC
see
also
@
luggage
roof
rack
nC
see
also
@
roof
toast
rack
nC
see
also
@
toast
tool
rack
nC
see
also
457
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
tool
1
racket
noise
racket
nU
informal
2
racket /racquet
racket/racquet
nC
sport
radar
radar
nCU
458
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
robbery,
etc
nC
Brit
see
also
@
raid
vT
smash,
grab
air
raid
nC
see
also
2
@
air
1
rail
railway
system
rail
nCU
railway
derail
vT
system
derailment
nC
rail
nC
railway
line/
go
off
the
rails
track
railway/railroad
railway
nC
esp
Brit
railway
line
nC
see
railroad
crossing
nC
1
railroad
nC
esp
Am
also
@
line Am
see
also
@
1
railway/railroad
cross /
crossing
station
nC
see
also
1
@
station
2
rail /railing
bar
rail
nC
railing
nC
459
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
ranch
ranch
nC
esp
Am
rancher
nC
ranching
nU
rat
rat
nC
rodent
rat
nC
informal
sb
smell
a
rat
be
disloyal,
deceiving
suspicious;
see
also
@
smell
rate
rate
nC
amount,
rate
nC
amount
of
rate
vT
rating
nCU
at
any
rate
speed,
etc
pay,
prices,
etc
exchange
rate
nC
at
this
rate
see
also
@
exchange
overrate
vT
overrated
adj
1
rather
fairly,
quite
rather
adv
2
rather
opposite,
would
rather
…
than
rather/
or
rather
adv
460
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
prefer,
etc
…
rather
than
adv
ratify
ratify
vT
ratified
adj
ratification
nU
unratified
neg
adj
ratio
ratio
nC
461
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
far-‐reaching
adj
see
also
@
far
react
reaction
nC
physical,
react
vI
respond
react
vI
chemically
reactor
nC
reactive
adj
overreact
vI
emotional
reaction
reaction
nC
change
overreaction
nCU
response
reaction
nC
chemical
reactionary
reactionary
adj
reactionary
nC
read
read
vIT
interpret
read
vIT/read
sth
read
vT
read
and
read
vT
study
a
subject
readable
adj
writing
out
phr
v
read
aloud
apply,
interpret
at
university
reading
nC
reader
nC
reading
nU
skill,
read
vT
gauge,
read
nC
interpretation
action,
etc
instrument,
etc
readership
nU
reading
nC
measurement
misread
vT
news
reader
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
news
ready
ready
adj
prepared,
readily
adv
readiness
nU
ready
vT
available,
completed
get
ready
real/realistic
real
adj
existing,
real
adj
genuine,
unreal
neg
adj
opp.
imagined
opp.
fake
real-‐life
adj
see
also
real
adj
emphasis:
@
life
principal,
important
for
real
reality
nU
realism
nU
in
reality
realistic
adj
practical
realist
nC
unrealistically
neg
realistic
adj
life-‐like
realistically
adv
adv
unrealistic
neg
adj
1
realize/realise
realize
vIT/realise
vIT
realization
nU/
come
to
understand
Brit
realisation
nU
Brit
2
realize/realise
realize/
realise
vIT
realization/
achieve,
convert
into
Brit
formal
realisation
nU
Brit
reality
formal
1
really
in
reality,
really
adv
in
reality
really
adv
definitely
really!
exclam
definitely
really?
exclam
462
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
really
very
really
adv
464
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
recollect
recollect
vT
recollection
nCU
recommend
recommend
vT
recommendation
recommended
adj
nCU
reconcile
reconcile
vIT
reconciled
adj
reconciliation
nCU
irreconcilable
neg
adj
reconnaissance
reconnaissance
nU
reconnoitre
vIT
Brit/
reconnoiter
vIT
Am
reconsider
see
also
reconsider
vIT
reconsideration
nCU
1
@
consider
reconstruction
see
reconstruction
nU
reconstruct
vT
also
@
construct/
construction
1
record
sound,
record
vT
recording
nC
recorded
adj
pictures,
etc
record
nC
piece
of
recording
nU
recorder
nC
recorded
music,
etc
cassette
recorder
nC
tape-‐recording
nC
1
see
also
@
cassette
see
also
@
tape
record
player
nC
see
2
also
@
play /player
tape-‐recorder
nC
1
see
also
@
tape
video
recorder
nC
see
also
@
video
2
record
store
record
vT
for
the
record
information,
file
record
nC
on/off
the
record
3
record
take
record
vT
measurement
recorder
nC
4
record
biggest,
record
nC
beat/break/cut
the
fastest,
etc
record
recount
tell
a
story
recount
vT
formal
1
recover
get
better
recover
vIT
recovery
nU
465
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
recover
retrieve,
recover
vIT
recovery
nU
find
recreate
see
also
@
recreate
vT
create
recreation
recreation
nCU
recreational
adj
recruit
recruit
vT
recruit
nC
recruiting
nU
recruitment
nU
rectangle
see
also
@
rectangle
nC
angle
rectangular
adj
recur
recur
vI
recurrence
nCU
recurrent
adj
recurring
adj
recycle
recycle
vIT
recycling
nU
red
red
nCU
infrared
adj
redden
vIT
red
adj
reddish
adj
redness
nU
red-‐haired
adj
see
also
@
hair
redhead
nC
see
also
@
head
red-‐hot
adj
see
also
1
@
hot
red
light
nC
see
also
1
@
light
red
tape
nU
bureaucracy;
see
2
also
@
tape
in
the
red
see
red
see
also
@
see
paint
the
town
red
idiom
see
also
@
466
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
paint,
town
redeem/redemption
redeem
vT
irredeemable
neg
redemption
nU
adj
irredeemably
neg
adv
redefine
see
also
@
redefine
vT
redefinition
nCU
define
redevelopment
see
redevelop
vT
2
also
@
develop redevelopment
nCU
redistribution
see
redistribution
nU
redistribute
vT
also
@
distribute
reduce/reduction
reduce
vIT
reduction
nCU
reduced
adj
467
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
refinement
nCU
refinery
nC
1
reflect
in
mirror,
reflect
vIT
reflection
nC
reflective
adj
reflected
adj
etc
reflector nC
2
reflect
indicate
reflect
vT
reflection
nC
3
reflect
consider
reflect
vI
formal
reflective
adj
reflection
nCU
formal
on
reflection
reform
reform
nCU
reform
vIT
reformer
nC
reformation
nC
usu
sing
reformed
adj
unreformed
neg
adj
refresh
see
also
@
refresh
vT
refreshing
adj
refreshingly
adv
fresh
refreshment
nCU
refresh
one’s
memory
see
also
@
memory
refrigerator/fridge
fridge
nC
refrigerator
nC
refrigerate
vT
refrigeration
nU
refrigerated
adj
refuge/refugee
refugee
nC
refuge
nCU
seek
refuge
refugee
camp
nC
see
also
@
camp
refund
see
also
@
refund
nC
refundable
adj
fund
refund
vT
1
refuse
say
no
refuse
vIT
refusal
nCU
2
refuse
rubbish
refuse
nU
formal
468
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
with
regards
to/as
to
regards
regime
government,
regime
nC
etc
regiment
regiment
nC
regiment
vT
regimental
adj
regimented
adj
region
region
nC
regionally
adv
regional
adj
register
register
nC
official
registered
adj
registrar
nC
unregistered
neg
adj
list
registry
nC
register
vIT
join
a
list,
subscribe
registration
nU
regress
regression
nCU
regress
vI
regressive
adj
regret
regret
vT
regrettable
adj
regret
nCU
regrettably
adv
regretful
adj
regretfully
adv
1
regular
at
constant
regular
adj
regularly
adv
regularity
nU
irregular
neg
adj
intervals
misshapen
irregular
neg
adj
in
time,
space
irregularly
neg
adv
2
regular
repeatedly
regular
adj
3
regular
normal
regular
adj
irregularity
nC
4
regular
regular
adj
irregular
neg
adj
grammatically
regular
regulation
regulation
nCU
regulate
vT
regulation
adj
regulated
adj
regulator
nC
unregulated
neg
adj
regulatory
adj
deregulate
vT
469
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
deregulation
nU
rehabilitation
rehabilitation
nU
rehab
nU
informal
rehabilitate
vT
rehearsal
rehearsal
nC
rehearse
vIT
471
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rely
rely
v/rely
on
sb/sth
reliable
adj
reliability
nU
reliant
adj
phr
v
reliably
adv
reliance
nU
unreliable
neg
adj
remain
remain
vI
stay
in
remaining
adj
remainder
n
sing
remains
n
pl
dead
place,
state,
etc
remains
n
pl
sth
body
remain
vI
continue
remaining
to
exist
remark
remark
vT
comment
remark
nC
remarkable
remarkable
adj
remarkably
adv
unremarkable
neg
adj
remedy
remedy
nC
remedy
vT
formal
remedial
adj
remember
remember
vIT
remember
sb
to
sb
remembrance
nCU
greeting
remind
see
also
@
remind
vT
reminder
nC
1
mind remind
sb
of
sb/sth
replace
see
also
@
replace
vT
change,
replacement
nCU
irreplaceable
neg
adj
2
place substitute,
provide
replacement
reply
reply
vI
reply
nCU
1
report
written
report
nC
written
document
document
2
report
TV,
report
nC
reporter
nC
reporting
nU
unreported
neg
adj
newspaper,
etc
report
vIT
3
report
story
report
nC
reportedly
adv
reported
adj
unconfirmed
story
report
vT
state
without
confirmation
473
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
report
vIT
tell
officially
1
represent
act
for
sb
represent
vT
act
for
represent
vT
unrepresentative
else
sb
else
politically
neg
adj
representation
nU
representative
nC
agent
2
represent
describe,
represent
vT
representation
nC
picture,
etc
describe,
picture
representational
adj
represent
vT
be
misrepresent
vT
sign/symbol
of
sth
misrepresentation
nCU
representative
representative
adj
typical
repress/repression
repression
nU
repress
vT
repressive
adj
1
reproduce
copy;
reproduce
vIT
reproduction
nCU
see
also
@
produce
2
reproduce
produce
reproduce
vIT
reproduction
nU
babies
reproductive
adj
reptile
reptile
nC
reptilian
adj
reside
resident
nC
reside
vI
resident
adj
hall
of
residence
nC
Brit
2
residence
nC
formal
see
also
@
hall
residential
adj
residue
residue
nC
residual
adj
resign
resign
vIT
resignation
nCU
resist
resist
vIT
resistant
adj
resistance
nU
irresistible
neg
adj
resolve/resolution
resolution
nC
resolve
vT
solve
resolve
vI
formal
decision
decide
unresolved
neg
adj
resonance/resound
resonance
nCU
resonant
adj
resonate
vI
resound
vI
resounding
adj
resoundingly
adv
1
resort
holiday
town
resort
nC
2
resort
make
use
of
resort
vT/resort
to
475
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
phr
v
1
resource
natural
resource
nC
resource
vT
resources,
money,
natural
resources
n
etc
pl
see
also
@
1
nature /natural
2
resource
ingenuity
resource
nU
resourceful
adj
resourcefulness
nU
1
respect
admiration
respect
nU
respect
vT
admire
respectable
adj
respectability
nU
respectful
adj
respect
vT
follow
respected
adj
respectfully
adv
laws,
rights,
etc
self-‐respect
nU
see
also
disrespect
nU
@
self
disrespect
vT
esp
Am
disrespectful
neg
adj
2
respect
/in
respect
in
respect
of
with
respect
to
of
respective
respectively
adv
respective
adj
irrespective
neg
adj
respiratory
respiratory
adj
respirator
nC
respiration
nU
respire
vI
respond
see
also
@
respond
vI
answer
respondent
nC
response
nC
reaction
respond
vI
react
to
correspond
response
nCU
in
response
to
prep
responsive
adj
medication,
etc
answer
unresponsive
neg
adj
1
responsible have
responsible
adj/be
be
responsible
to
sb
authority
for
responsible
for
responsibility
nCU
authority
2
responsible
be
to
responsible
adj/be
responsibility
nU
blame
for
responsible
for
sth
3
responsible
responsibility
nU
responsible
adj
responsibly
adv
sensible
requiring
good
sense
irresponsibly
neg
irresponsible
neg
adj
adv
1
rest
relax
rest
nCU
rest
vIT
restless
neg
adj
restroom
nC
Am
see
1
unrest
nU
also
@
room
476
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
rest
lean
against
rest
vIT
3
rest
remainder
rest
n
sing/the
rest
restore
restore
vT
return
restore
vT
bring
restore
vT
repair
back
restoration
nCU
restrain
restrain
vT
restrained
adj
restraint
nCU
unrestrained
neg
adj
restrict
restrict
vT
limit
restricted
adj
restricted
adj
secret
restrictive
adj
restriction
nCU
limited
unrestricted
neg
adj
restructure
see
also
restructure
vT
1
@
structure restructuring
nU
result
result
nCU
result
nC
scientific
resultant
adj
as
a
result
consequence
result
nC
exam
result
vI/result
in
phr
result
nC
sport,
v
competition
resulting
adj
resume1/resumption
resume
vIT
formal
resumption
nU
begin
again
2
resume /résumé
resume/résumé
nC
summary,
curriculum
Am
see
also
@
vitae/CV
curriculum
vitae
retail
retail
adj
retailer
nC
retail
nU
retail
vT
retain/retention
retain
vT
retention
nU
retentive
adj
retire end one’s retire vI retired adj retiree nC Am
477
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
career
retirement
nCU
leaving
one’s
job
retirement
nU
period
after
finishing
work
retort
retort
vT
retort
nC
retreat
retreat
vI
retreat
nCU
retrieve
retrieve
vT
retrieval
nCU
reverse
reverse
vIT
go
reverse
vT
change
reverse
adj
reversible
adj
backwards
decision,
etc
reversal
nC
irreversible
neg
adj
the
reverse
n
sing
reverse
nU
reverse
in
reverse
the
opposite
gear
in
vehicle
revert
revert
vT
reversion
nU
1
review
examine,
review
vT
478
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
scrutinise
review
nCU
2
review
book,
film,
review
vT
reviewer
nC
etc
review
nC
1
revise
change
revise
vT
revised
adj
revision
nCU
2
revise
study
again
revise
vIT
esp
Brit
revision
nU
esp
Brit
revisit
see
also
@
revisit
vT
visit
revive
revive
vIT
revival
nCU
revolt
revolt
vI
revolt
nC
1
revolution
change
revolution
nC
revolution
nC
great
revolutionize
vT
violent
political
change
revolutionary
nC
change
revolutionary
adj
counter-‐revolution
nCU
counter-‐
revolutionary
adj/nC
2
revolution /revolve
revolution
nC
turn
revolve
vI
revolve
around
phr
v
turn
of
wheel
revolving
adj
reward
reward
nC
money
reward
nCU
benefit
rewarding
adj
reward
vT
rewrite
see
also
@
rewrite
vT
write
rhetoric
rhetoric
nU
rhetorical
adj
rhetorically
adv
479
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rib
rib
nC
ribcage
nC
see
also
@
cage
spare
ribs
n
pl
see
also
@
spare
ribbon
ribbon
nC
480
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
all
right/alright
adj/
right!
exclam
righteously
adv
adv/exclam
correct,
I
agree,
etc
righteousness
nU
right?
question
tag
rightful
adj
rightfully
adv
by
rights
in
the
right
2
right
opp.
left
right
adj
right-‐hand
(side)
right-‐handed
adj
right-‐hand
man
nC
1
right
nC
see
also
@
hand usu
sing
see
also
@
3
man
3
right
conservative
the
right
nU
right-‐winger
nC
see
3
in
politics
right-‐wing
adj
see
also
@
wing
3
also
@
wing
4
right
immediately,
right
adj
right
away
exactly,
completely,
right
now
etc
5
right /rights
right
nC
in
one’s
own
right
entitlement
civil
rights
n
pl
see
2
also
@
civil
human
rights
n
pl
see
also
@
human
rigid
rigid
adj
rigidity
nCU
rigidly
adv
rigorous
rigorous
adj
rigour
nCU
Brit/
rigor
nCU
Am
rigorously
adv
rim
rim
nC
1
ring
circle
ring
nC
circle
earring
nC
see
also
ring
nC
boxing,
etc
ring
vT
1
ring
nC
jewellery
@
ear boxing
ring
nC
see
2
also
@
box
keyring
nC
see
also
1
@
key
engagement
ring
nC
see
also
@
481
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
engagement
2
ring
make
phone
ring
vIT
esp
Brit
ring
n
sing
esp
Brit
call
give
sb
a
ring
ring
sb
back
phr
v
esp
Brit
ring
off
phr
v
esp
Brit
ring
up
phr
v
esp
Brit
3
ring
make
sound
ring
vIT
ringing
nU
with
bell
ring
nC
rinse
rinse
vIT
rinse
nC
rinsed
adj
riot
riot
nC
rioter
nC
riot
vIT
rioting
nU
riotous
adj
riotously
adv
riot
police
n
pl
see
also
@
police
run
riot
rip
rip
vIT
tear
rip
nC
ripped
adj
rip
apart
phr
v
rip
off
phr
v
cheat,
overcharge
rip-‐off
nC
informal
rip
through
phr
v
rip
up
phr
v
ripcord
nC
see
also
@
cord
ripe
ripe
adj
ripely
adv
ripen
vIT
ripeness
nU
unripe
neg
adj
1
rise
move
up,
move
rise
vI
move
rise
vI
stand
up;
get
pay
rise
nC
esp
Brit
rising
adj
rise
above
phr
v
higher
upwards
out
of
bed
see
also
@
pay,
raise
rise
to
phr
v
rise
nC
increase
rise
vI
increase
sunrise
nCU
see
also
482
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
sun
2
rise
rebel
rise
vI
uprising
nC
rise
up
phr
v
1
rock
large
stone
rock
nCU
rocky
adj
bedrock
nU
see
also
2
@
bed
rockery
nC
Brit
rock
bottom
nU/adj
informal
see
also
@
1
bottom
483
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rock
climbing
nU
see
also
@
climb
2
rock
sway
rock
vIT
rocker
nC
esp
Am
rocking
adj
rocking
chair
nC
see
1
also
@
chair
rocking
horse
nC
see
also
@
horse
3
rock
music
rock
nU
rock
‘n
roll
nU
rock
music
nU
see
rock
band
nC
see
1
also
@
music
also
@
band
rocket
rocket
nC
rocket
vI
rocketry
nU
skyrocket
vI
see
also
@
sky
it’s
not
rocket
science
rod
rod
nC
fishing
rod
nC
see
also
@
fish/fishing
role
role
nC
function
role
nC
actor’s
part
role
model
nC
see
2
in
play,
film,
etc
also
@
model
1
roll
turn
roll
vIT
turn
over,
roll
nC
tube
roll
vT
make
sth
roller
nC
rolled
adj
revolve
circular
rolling
adj
rolling
pin
nC
see
1
also
@
pin
roll
in
phr
v
roll
out
phr
v
roll
up
phr
v
arrive
rollerblade
nC
rollerblading
nU
see
also
@
blade
roller
coaster
nC
roller
skate
nC
484
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
roller
skating
nU
see
also
@
skate
2
roll
bread
roll
roll
nC
sausage
roll
nU
see
bread
roll
nC
see
also
@
sausage
also
@
bread
romance
romantic
adj
romance
nCU
romance
nC
romantic
book
romantically
adv
unromantic
neg
adj
roof
roof
nC
roof
vT
roofing
nU
roofless
neg
adj
roof
rack
nC
see
also
@
rack
rooftop
nC
usu
pl
see
also
@
top
1
room
chamber
room
nC
roommate
nC
see
2
also
@
mate
classroom
nC
see
bathroom
nC
see
cloakroom
nC
see
ballroom
nC
see
also
@
boardroom
nC
see
1
2
3
also
@
class also
@
bath
also
@
cloak
ball also
@
board
bedroom
nC
see
dining
room
nC
see
ballroom
dancing
nU
changing
room
nC
1 2 3
also
@
bed
also
@
dine/dining
see
also
@
ball ,
see
also
@
change
double
room
nC
see
sitting
room
nC
see
dance/dancing
chat
room
nC
see
also
@
double
also
@
sit/sitting
drawing
room
nC
also
@
chat
living
room
nC
see
waiting
room
nC
see
control
room
nC
see
1 1
also
@
live /living
also
@
wait also
@
control
single
room
nC
see
courtroom
nC
see
1
1
also
@
single also
@
court
emergency
room
nC
usu
sing
esp
Am
see
also
@
emergency
lecture
room
nC
see
also
@
lecture
restroom
nC
Am
see
485
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
also
@
rest
sickroom
nC
see
2
also
@
sick
storeroom
nC
see
1
also
@
store
strongroom
nC
see
also
@
strong
washroom
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
wash
2
room
space
room
nU
roomy
adj
headroom
nU
see
1
also
@
head
legroom
nU
see
also
1
@
leg
1
root
of
plant,
etc
root
nC
of
plant,
etc
root
nC
source
roots
n
pl
origins
root
adj
root
vI
rooted
adj
rootless
neg
adj
root
beer
nCU
Am
see
also
@
beer
take
root
uproot
vIT
2
root
search
root
vI
root
out
phr
v
root
about/around/
among/through
phr
v
rope
rope
nC
rope
vT
rope
in
phr
v
rope
ladder
nC
see
also
@
ladder
rose
rose
nC
flower
rosy
adj
colourful
486
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rot
rot
vIT
rot
nU/exclam
rotten
adj
very
bad
rot
away
phr
v
nonsense
rotting
adj
rot
nU
rotten
adj
decayed
rotate
rotate
vIT
rotating
adj
rotation
nCU
rotary
adj
rotor
nC
1
rough
not
smooth,
rough
adj
not
roughen
vIT
etc
smooth
roughness
nU
rough
adj
violent
rough
up
phr
v
2
rough
approximate
rough
adj
roughly
adv
1
round
around;
see
round
adv,
prep
round
adv,
prep
round
the
clock
adj
also
@
around
around,
in
all
surrounding
see
also
@
clock
directions,
roundabout
adj
everywhere
indirect
2
round
circular
round
adj
round
vT
rounded
adj
round
nC
delivery
service
roundness
nU
roundtable
adj
see
1
also
@
table
round
off
phr
v
round
up
phr
v
3
round
part
of
a
round
nC
series
in
sport,
etc
roundabout
traffic
roundabout
nC
Brit
circle
route
route
nC
en
route
route
vT
487
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
row
argument
row
nC
esp
Brit
row
vI
informal
esp
Brit
3
row
propel
boat
row
vIT
row
nC
with
oars
rowing
nU
rowing
boat
nC
Brit/
row
boat
nC
Am
see
also
@
boat
royal
royal
adj
royalty
nU
royal
family
nC
see
also
@
family
rub
rub
vIT
rub
it
in
phr
v
rub
out
phr
v
erase
emphasise
rubber
rubber
nU
material
rubbery
adj
rubber
adj
rubber
band
nC
see
3
rubber
nC
Brit
also
@
band
eraser
rubbish
rubbish
nU
esp
Brit
rubbish
nU
informal
waste,
garbage
sth
bad,
poor
quality
rubbish
nU/exclam
informal
nonsense
rubbish
vT
Brit
say
that
sth
is
poor,
useless
rubbish
adj
Brit
informal
useless,
unskilled
rubble
rubble
nU
488
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
rugby
rugby
nU
rugger
nU
informal
rugby
football
nU
esp
Brit
see
also
@
football
rugged
rugged
adj
ruggedly
adv
ruggedness
nU
ruin
ruin
vT
destroy
ruin
nCU
ruin
vT
spoil
ruin
vT
cause
financial
collapse
ruins
n
pl
remains
of
destroyed
building
ruined
adj
ruinous
adj
in
ruins
1
rule
law,
regulation
rule
nC
rule
vIT
make
a
ruling
nC
legal
rule
sb/sth
out
phr
v
ruling,
legal
decision
decision
rulebook
nC
see
also
1
@
book
rule
of
thumb
nC
see
also
@
thumb
as
a
rule
usually
overrule
vT
2
rule
reign,
govern
rule
nU
ruling
adj
rule
vIT
ruler
nC
3
rule
draw
line
ruler
nC
rule
vT
ruled
adj
rummage
rummage
vI
rummage
sale
nC
Am
rummage
nU
=
jumble
sale
nC
Brit
see
also
@
sale
rumour/rumor
rumour
nCU
Brit/
rumour
v
Brit
usu
rumor
nCU
Am
pass/
rumor
v
Am
usu
pass
rumoured
adj
Brit/
rumored
adj
Am
1
run
move
quickly,
run
vIT
move
run
vIT
move,
run
vT
drive
sb
running
nU
action
in
the
long/short
run
489
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
etc
quickly,
hurry
position
round
somewhere
running
nU
action
runner
nC
sb
who
run
nC
a
jog,
etc
run
vIT
flow
runner
nC
athlete
stands
for
election
run
nC
journey
runny
adj
fluid
run
out
phr
v
finish
run
across/into/up
against
phr
v
meet
by
chance
run
away/off
(with)
phr
v
flee,
abscond
run
down/over
phr
v
knock
down
with
a
vehicle
run-‐down
adj
tired
run
vI/run
for
phr
v
stand
for
election
run
off
phr
v
print/
photocopy
sth
run
over
phr
v
read
quickly
run
over
phr
v
overflow
overrun
vT
spread,
invade
run
through
phr
v
check,
rehearse
run
to
phr
v
afford,
total
run
up
phr
v
spend
run-‐up
nC
period
before
an
event
on
the
run
from
the
police,
etc
2
run
manage,
run
vT
manage,
be
run
vIT
function,
operate,
etc
in
charge
of
operate
490
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
run
series
running
adj
in
run
nC
succession
runway
see
also
@
runway
nC
see
also
3
3
way @
way
rupture
rupture
nCU
rupture
vIT
ruptured
adj
bankrupt
bankrupt
adj
bankrupt
vT
bankruptcy
nCU
disrupt
disrupt
vT
disruptive
adj
disruption
nCU
erupt
erupt
vI
eruption
nCU
sale
see
also
@
sell
sale
nC
act
or
sale
nC
selling
things
salesman
nC
see
wholesale
adj
jumble
sale
nC
Brit
2
instance
of
selling
at
reduced
prices
also
@
man see
also
@
jumble
for/on
sale
saleswoman
nC
see
rummage
sale
nC
Am
2
also
@
woman see
also
@
rummage
salesperson
nC
see
also
@
person
salmon
salmon
nC
fish
salmon
nU
meat
of
a
salmon
salon
salon
nC
493
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
amount,
example
specimen
sampling
nU
1
sanction
official
sanction
nC
official
restrictions
restriction
or
punishment
2
sanction
approve
sanction
vT
sanctioned
adj
unsanctioned
neg
adj
sanctuary
sanctuary
nCU
sanctity
nU
sand
sand
nU
sandy
adj
sand
vT
sandpaper
nU
see
sandbank
nC
see
sandstone
nU
see
also
also
@
paper
2
also
@
bank @
sandal
sandal
nC
494
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
sausage
sausage
nC
sausage
meat
nU
see
also
@
meat
sausage
roll
nC
see
2
also
@
roll
savage
savage
adj
savage
nC
savage
vT
savagely
adv
savagery
nU
1
save
help;
protect;
save
vT
saviour
nC
Brit/
save
life
savior
nC
Am
lifesaver
nC
see
also
@
life
2
save
not
spend
save
vT
not
spend
savings
account
nC
money,
time,
etc
time,
money,
etc
Am
=
deposit
savings
n
pl
account
nC
Brit
;
see
1
also
@
account
3
save
collect
save
vT
collect;
keep
for
the
future
4
save
except
save
prep
495
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
jigsaw
nC
sawdust
nU
see
also
@
dust
sawmill
nC
see
also
@
mill
say
say
vIT
give
say
vT
translate;
say
say
vIT
give
opinion,
saying
nC
say
n
sing
say!
exclam
information
verbally
in
another
language
suggestion,
etc
have
one’s
say
said
to
be
go
without
saying
to
say
nothing
of
to
say
the
least
hearsay
nU
see
also
@
hear
1
scale
size
scale
n
sing
scale
nCU
ratio
large-‐scale
adj
full-‐scale
adj
see
small-‐scale
adj
also
@
full
scale
up/down
phr
v
on
a
small/large
scale
2
scale
measurement
scale
nC
set
of
numbers,
etc
for
measuring
scales
n
pl
Brit/scale
nC
Am
weighing
device
3
scale
climb
scale
vT
496
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
scarcity
nCU
scarcely
scarcely
adv
almost
scarcely
.
.
.
when
no/none
scare
scare
vIT
scary
adj
informal
scare
nC
scared
adj
scarf
scarf
nC
scene
scene
nC
view,
scene
nC
in
play,
scene
nC
place
scenery
nU
landscape
scenically
adv
landscape,
etc
film,
etc
where
sth
happened
scenery
nU
in
theatre,
behind
the
scenes
1
etc
see
also
@
behind
scenic
adj
crime
scene
nC
see
also
@
crime
scent
scent
nC
smell
of
sth
throw
off
the
scent
scent
nCU
esp
Brit
see
also
@
throw
perfume
scent
vT
sceptic/skeptic
sceptical
adj
Brit/
sceptic
nC
Brit/
skeptic
sceptically
adv
Brit/
skeptical
adj
Am
nC
Am
skeptically
adv
Am
scepticism
nU
Brit/
skepticism
nU
Am
schedule
schedule
nC
plan,
scheduled
adj
unscheduled
neg
adj
timetable
ahead
of/behind
schedule
vT
schedule
scheme
scheme
nC
official
scheme
nC
plot,
scheme
vI
schematic
adj
plan,
system
dishonest
plan
schematically
adv
scholar
see
also
@
scholar
nC
scholarship
nU
scholarly
adj
scholastic
adj
school
scholarship
nC
academic
learning
497
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
money
for
education
school
school
nC
school
boy/girl
nC
school
holiday
nC
see
also
@
boy,
girl
see
also
@
holiday
schoolchild
nC
usu
pl
school
uniform
nC
1
see
also
@
child/
see
also
@
uniform
children
high
school
nC
esp
primary
school
nC
nursery
school
nC
boarding
school
nC
4
Am
esp
Brit
schoolyard
nC
Am
see
also
@
board
2
public
school
nC
Brit
see
also
@
yard grammar
school
nC
=
private
school
state
school
nC
see
2
public
school
nC
esp
also
@
state
Am
=
government
school
secondary
school
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
2
second /secondary
science
science
nCU
scientific
adj
science
fiction
nU
scientifically
adv
unscientific
neg
adj
scientist
nC
see
also
@
fiction
unscientifically
neg
adv
scissors
scissors
n
pl
scooter
scooter
nC
small
motor
scooter
nC
scooter
nC
child’s
motor
bike
see
also
@
motor
toy
scope
scope
nU
scope
out
phr
v
esp
Am
scoping
adj
score
score
vIT
scorer
nC
scoreboard
nC
see
1
score
nC
scoring
nU
also
@
board
score
points/score
a
point
scorn
scorn
nU
scornfully
adv
scorn
vT
scornful
adj
scout
scout
nC
military
scout
about/around
498
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
scout
nC
youth
phr
v
organisation
scout
vT
scramble
scramble
vI
scramble
nC
scrambled
adj
scrambled
egg
nCU
see
also
@
egg
scrap
small
piece
scrap
nC
scrapbook
nC
see
1
also
@
book
scrape
scrape
vT
remove
skyscraper
nC
see
also
scrape
nC
surface
of
sth
@
sky
scraper
nC
scrape
vT
injure
by
scrape
by/through
removing
skin
phr
v
scrape
together/up
phr
v
scrape
the
bottom
of
the
barrel
see
also
@
barrel
get
into
a
scrape
1
scratch
rub
an
itch
scratch
vIT
scratching
nU
2
scratch
small
cut
scratch
nC
scratched
adj
scratch
vIT
scream
scream
vI
scream
nC
screamer
nC
screaming
nU
1
screen
TV,
cinema,
screen
nC
screen
vT
windscreen
nC
Brit
see
screenplay
nC
see
1 3
computer,
etc
screening
nCU
also
@
wind ,
shield
also
@
play
windscreen
wiper
nC
Brit
see
also
@
wipe
2
screen
check,
test
screen
vT
sunscreen
nCU
see
screening
nU
also
@
sun
screw
screw
nC
unscrew
vT
screw
vT
screwdriver
nC
see
2
also
@
drive
499
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
corkscrew
nC
see
also
@
cork
script
script
nC
scripture
nCU
scripted
adj
unscripted
neg
adj
scriptwriter
nC
see
also
@
write/writer
scrub
clean
by
scrub
vIT
scrubbing
brush
nC
rubbing
see
also
@
brush
scrutiny
scrutiny
nU
scrutinize
vT
500
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
search
search
nC
searcher
nC
search
vIT
search
engine
nC
searchlight
nC
see
1
also
@
light
soul-‐searching
adj
see
also
@
soul
in
search
of
search
high
and
low
season
time
of
year
season
nC
summer,
season
nC
sport,
e.g.
seasonal
adj
seasonable
adj
etc
football
season
seasonally
adv
unseasonable
neg
adj
in/out
of
season
seat
seat
nC
seatbelt
nC
see
also
seat
vT
formal
seating
nU
seated
adj
@
belt
unseat
vT
take
a
seat
be
seated
1
1 th
second /60
of
a
second
nC
split
second
n
usu
minute
sing
2
second
ordinal
second
adj
second
class
n
sing/
secondly
adv
secondhand
adj
see
second
nC
1
number/secondary
second
adv
second-‐class
adj
see
also
@
hand second
vT
2
also
@
class
secondary
adj
secondary
school
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
school
secret
secret
nC
in
secret
secretly
adv
secrecy
nU
secret
agent
nC
see
secret
adj
secretive
adj
also
@
agent
1
secretary
office
secretary
nC
secretarial
adj
secretariat
nC
worker
2
secretary
secretary
nC
secretary-‐general
nC
government
minister
section
section
nC
cross-‐section
nC
see
sectional
adj
1
also
@
cross cross-‐sectional
adj
501
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
sub-‐section
nC
see
also
@
cross
sector
sector
nC
private
sector
nC
2
see
also
@
private
public
sector
nC
see
also
@
public
secular
secular
adj
secularize
vT
1
secure
not
loose
security
nU
secure
vT
social
security
nU
secure
adj
securely
adv
insecure
neg
adj
1
see
also
@
society /
insecurity
nCU
insecurely
neg
adv
social
2
secure
achieve
secure
vT
formal
502
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
conj
seed
seed
nC
seed
vT
seedless
neg
adj
seedling
nC
go
to
seed
seek/sought
seek
vT
seeker
nC
asylum-‐seeker
nC
see
also
@
asylum
job-‐seeker
nC
see
also
@
job
seem
seem
vI
seemingly
adv
seeming
adj
self-‐interest
nU
see
self-‐esteem
nU
see
also
self-‐centred
adj
Brit/
1
also
@
interest @
esteem
self-‐centered
adj
Am
self-‐service
adj/nU
self-‐respect
nU
see
also
see
also
@
centre/
2 1
1
see
also
@
serve /
@
respect center
service
self-‐confident
adj
self-‐confidence
nU
see
also
@
confident/
2
confidence
self-‐contradicting
adj
self-‐contradiction
nCU
see
also
@
contradict/
contradiction
self-‐conscious/
consciousness
nU
see
also
@
2
conscious
self-‐contained
adj
see
also
@
contain
self-‐control
nU
see
also
@
control
self-‐critical
adj
self-‐criticism
nU
self-‐defence
nU
Brit/
self-‐defense
nU
Am
see
also
@
defend
self-‐discipline
nU
self-‐disciplined
adj
see
also
@
discipline
self-‐evident
adj
see
504
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
evidence/
evident
self-‐governing
adj
self-‐government
nU
see
also
@
govern
self-‐sacrifice
nU
see
also
@
sacrifice
sell/sold
see
also
@
sell
vT
seller
nC
selling
nU
unsold
neg
adj
sale
bookseller
nC
see
bestseller
nC
sell
off
phr
v
1
also
@
book bestselling
adj
sell
out
phr
v
sell-‐out
n
usu
sing
sell
up
phr
v
semantic
semantic
adj
semantics
nU
semantically
adv
508
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
sth
on
the
ground
set
forth
phr
v
start
a
journey
set
free
see
also
@
1
free
set
off
phr
v
start
a
reaction,
explosion,
etc
set
on
phr
v
attack
set
out
phr
v
arrange
things
for
sale,
etc
3
set
group
of
things,
set
nC
people
4
set
fixed,
set
vT
set
adj
predetermined
5
set
TV,
radio,
etc
set
nC
6
set
going
down
of
set
vI
setting
n
sing
sun,
etc
sunset
nCU
see
also
@
sun
7
set /setting
where
setting
nC
set
vT
sth
takes
place,
set
nC
for
making
location
film,
etc
1
settle
end
settle
vIT
settle
down
phr
v
unsettled
neg
adj
disagreement,
etc
become
calmer
unsettling
neg
adj
settlement
nC
settle
for
phr
v
agreement
settle
on/upon
phr
v
settlement
nC
payment
after
disagreement,
etc
2
settle
go
to
live
settle
vIT
settler
nC
settle
down
phr
v
go
somewhere
settlement
nC
to
live
permanently
settle
in/into
phr
v
509
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
set
up
home
3
settle
pay
bill
settle
vT
settle
up
phr
v
settlement
nU
seven
seven
cardinal
seventh
ordinal
1
number
7
number,
fraction
/7
seventeen
cardinal
seventeenth
ordinal
1
number
17
number,
fraction
/17
seventy
cardinal
seventieth
ordinal
1
number
70
number,
fraction
/70
several
several
det,
pron
several
adj
formal
severe
severe
adj
extreme,
severe
adj
not
kind
severely
adv
severity
nU
very
bad
sew
sew
vIT
sewing
nU
sewing
machine
nC
see
also
@
machine
sew
up
phr
v
close
by
stitching
sew
up
phr
v
complete
sth
sewer
sewer
nC
sewerage
nU
sewage
nU
1
sex
mating,
making
sex
nU
sexually
adv
sexuality
nU
sexily
adv
love
sexual
adj
sexy
adj
sexual
intercourse
sexiness
nU
nU
see
also
@
sex
appeal
nU
see
2
intercourse
also
@
appeal
2
sex
gender
sex
nC
sexism
nU
sex
vT
sexist
nC
sh!
sh!/shh!
exclam
510
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
lamp
shades
n
pl
informal
sunglasses
sunshade
nC
see
also
@
sun
shadow
nCU
shadowy
adj
without
a
shadow
of
a
doubt
see
also
@
doubt
2
shade
hue
shade
nC
shade
vIT
511
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
shameless
adj
shamelessly
adv
shame
on
you!
exclam
shame-‐faced
adj
see
also
@
face
2
shame
regret,
shame
nC
usu
sing
what
a
shame!
disappointment
exclam
shampoo
shampoo
nCU
shampoo
vT
shape
shape
nCU
form
shape
vT
shape
nU
condition
shaped
adj
shapelessly
neg
adv
shapeless
neg
adj
shapelessness
nU
shapely
adv
misshapen
neg
adj
in
good/poor
shape
shape
up
phr
v
develop
take
shape
1
share
divide
with
share
nC
share
vIT
shared
adj
sharing
nU
sharer
nC
others
do
one’s
share
fair
share
n
sing
the
lion’s
share
see
also
@
lion
2
share
in
company
share
nC
shareholder
nC
see
also
@
hold/holder
shark
shark
nC
sea
creature
shark
nC
fig:
sb
obtaining
money
dishonestly
1
sharp
blade,
point,
sharp
adj
sharpen
vT
sharpener
nC
etc
sharpness
nU
2
sharp
sudden,
sharply
adv
sharp
adj
painful
suddenly
sharp
adv
sudden
change
in
direction
512
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
sharp
exact
time
sharp
adv
4
sharp
intelligent,
sharp
adj
sharp-‐eyed
adj
see
sensitive,
clear,
etc
also
@
eye
shatter
shatter
vT
shattered
adj
513
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
sheer
total
sheer
adj
sheet
sheet
nC
bedding
sheet
nC
cloth
spreadsheet
nC
see
sheeting
nU
covering
also
@
spread
style
sheet
nC
see
2
sheet
nC
piece
of
also
@
style
paper
sheet
nC
piece
of
metal,
wood,
glass,
etc
shelf
shelf
nC
shelve
vT
bookshelf
nC
see
shelving
nU
1
also
@
book
1
shell
hard
exterior
shell
nC
of
animal,
shell
vT
eggshell
nCU
see
of
sth.
egg,
nut,
etc
nutshell
nC
see
also
@
also
@
egg
1
nut in
a
nutshell
sea
shell
nC
see
also
@
ses
shellfish
nU
see
also
@
fish
2
shell
bullet
shell
nC
shelling
nU
shell
vT
bombshell
nC
casing
of
bomb
bombshell
nC
fig:
shock;
see
also
@
bomb
shelter
shelter
nCU
shelter
vIT
sheltered
adj
shield
shield
nC
shield
vT
windshield
nC
Am
see
windshield
wiper
nC
1 1
also
@
wind ,
screen Am
see
also
@
wipe/wiper
shift
move
shift
vIT
shift
nC
movement
shifting
adj
makeshift
adj
514
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
shine
shine
vI
shining
adj
shine
nCU
shiny
adj
sunshine
nU
see
also
@
sun
1
ship
vessel
ship
nC
shipping
nU
by
ship
warship
nC
see
also
spaceship
nC
see
shipbuilding
nU
see
battleship
nC
see
2
1
@
war
also
@
space also
@
build /
building
also
@
battle
shipwreck
nC
see
also
merchant
ship
nC
@
wreck
see
also
@
merchant
shipyard
nC
see
also
@
steamship
nC
see
2
yard also
@
steam
2
ship
send
goods
ship
vT
shipment
nC
shipper
nC
shipping
nU/adj
shirt
shirt
nC
t-‐shirt/T-‐shirt/tee-‐
nightshirt
nC
see
shirt
nC
also
@
night
shirtsleeves
n
pl
see
also
@
sleeve
sweatshirt
nC
see
also
@
sweat
1
shit
faeces
shit
nCU
offensive
shit
vI
offensive
2
shit
expressing
shit!
exclam
shitty
adj
offensive
anger
offensive
shit
nC
offensive
shiver
shiver
vI
shiver
nC
shivering
nU
shivery
adj
shock
shock
nCU
violent
shock
nCU
electric
shocked
adj
shocker
nC
informal
blow
shock
shocking
adj
shockingly
adv
electric
shock
nCU
shock
absorber
nC
see
also
@
electric
see
also
@
absorb
shock
nCU
shockproof
adj
see
3
emotional
shock
also
@
proof /-‐proof
shock
vT
unshockable
neg
adj
515
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
shoe
shoe
nC
shoeshop
nC
see
shoelace
nC
see
also
@
horseshoe
nC
see
2
also
@
shop
lace also
@
horse
shoebrush
nC
see
also
@
brush
shoemaker
nC
see
1
also
@
make /maker
shoestring
nC/on
a
shoestring
see
also
@
string
in
sb’s
shoes
1
shoot fire
gun;
see
shoot
vIT
shooter
nC
shoot
down
phr
v
also
@
shot
shooting
nCU
aircraft,
etc
shoot
down
phr
v
fig:
argument
shoot-‐out
nC
shoot
up
phr
v
overshoot
vIT
2
shoot
young
plant
shoot
nC
bamboo
shoots
n
pl
see
also
@
bamboo
3
shoot
sport
shoot
vI
shot
nC
1
shop
store
shop
nC
shopping
nU
shop
vI
shopper
nC
shop
around
phr
v
look
for
best
price
go
shopping
bookshop
nC
see
shopkeeper
nC
see
also
shoplifting
nU
1
2
also
@
book @
keep /keeper
shoplifter
nC
shop
assistant
nC
shoplift
vI
see
also
see
also
@
assist/
@
lift
assistant shopwindow
nC
see
shoeshop
nC
see
also
@
window
also
@
shoe
shopping
bag
nC
see
shopping
mall
nC
esp
also
@
bag
Am
see
also
@
mall
shopping
list
nC
see
1
toyshop
nC
see
also
also
@
list
@
toy
barber’s
shop/
516
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
barber
shop
nC
see
also
@
barber
betting
shop
nC
see
also
@
bet/betting
charity
shop
nC
Brit
see
also
@
charity
junk
shop
nC
see
also
@
junk
shopping
cart
nC
Am
see
also
@
cart
shopping
trolley
nC
Brit
see
also
@
1
trolley
window
shopping
nU
see
also
@
window
2
shop
workshop
workshop
nC
see
shop
nC
sweatshop
nC
see
1
also
@
work also
@
sweat
shore
shore
nC
ashore
adv
shoreline
nC
see
1
seashore
nC
see
also
onshore
adj
also
@
line
@
sea
offshore
adj
1
short
not
tall,
not
short
adj
opp.
tall
short
adv
shorten
vT
shortcut
nC
long
short
adj
opp.
long
short
story
nC
see
cut
short
phr
v
see
1
(distance)
also
@
story also
@
cut
short
adj
opp.
long
for
short
(time)
in
short
short-‐lived
adj
see
1
also
@
live
short-‐sighted
adj
1
see
also
@
sight
short-‐term
nU/adj
1
see
also
@
term
2
short
insufficient
shortage
nC
short
adj
fall
short
phr
v
shortfall
nC
see
also
517
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
@
fall
short
of/run
short
of
sth
phr
v
short-‐change
vT
short-‐changed
adj
2
see
also
@
change
3
short
alcoholic
short
nC
drink
shortcoming
shortcoming
nC
518
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
show
reveal,
show
vT
show
vT
explain
showcase
nC
see
also
show
off
phr
v
try
to
3
demonstrate,
prove
demonstrate,
prove
@
case impress
show
vT
make
show
up
phr
v
visible
to
sb
arrive,
become
visible
show
up
phr
v
embarrass
sb
2
show
theatrical/TV
show
nC
show
nC
public
showing
nC
performance
performance
event
showman
nC
see
3
show
vIT
display
also
@
man
chat
show
nC
see
also
@
chat
floor
show
nC
see
also
@
floor
1
shower
washing
shower
nC
shower
vI
shower
cap
nC
see
1
also
@
cap
2
shower
brief
shower
nC
shower
vI
showery
adj
rainfall
shrewd
shrewd
adj
shrewdly
adv
shrewdness
nU
shrimp
shrimp
nC
Brit/
shrimp
nU
Am
shrine
shrine
nC
enshrine
vT
formal
enshrined
adj
shrink
shrink
vI
shrinking
nU
shrinkage
nU
shrink
from
phr
v
avoid
shrub
shrub
nC
shrubbery
nU
519
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
shudder
nC
shuffle
shuffle
vIT
mix
things,
shuffle
nC
esp.
playing
cards
reshuffle
vT
reshuffle
nC
shut
shut
vI
shut
adj
shutter
nC
shut
away
phr
v
hide,
lock
up
shut
down
phr
v
close
a
business
shut
in
phr
v
enclose,
imprison
shut
off
phr
v
isolate
shut
out
phr
v
exclude
shut
up
phr
v
imprison
shut
up
phr
v
silence
shut
up!
exclam
shuttle
shuttle
nC
shuttle
vI
space
shuttle
nC
see
2
also
@
space
shy
shy
adj
shyly
adv
shyness
nU
sibling
sibling
nC
1
sick
vomit
sick
adj
seasick
adj
sick
nU
seasickness
nU
see
sickness
nU
also
@
sea
feel
sick
esp
Brit
2
sick
ill
sick
adj
sickness
nU
the
sick
nU
sicken
vT
sickly
adv
sickroom
nC
see
1
also
@
room
3
sick
unhappy
sick
adj
be
sick
of
sickening
adj
homesick
adj
see
520
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
also
@
home
be
sick
and
tired
see
1
also
@
tire
1
side
surface
of
sth,
side
nC
seaside
nU
see
also
bedside
adj
see
also
@
sideways
adj/adv
1
1
edge
side
adj
@
sea
bed see
also
@
way
roadside
nU/adj
see
side-‐by-‐side
adv
also
@
road
underside
nC
2
side
facet
of
sth
or
side
nC
be
on
the
safe
side
1
sb
see
also
@
safe
3
side
team,
side
nC
side
vI
side
with
sb
phr
v
argument,
etc
take
sides
4
side
additional,
usu.
side
dish
nC
see
also
2
unwanted
@
dish
side
effect
nC
on
the
side
side
salad
nC
see
also
@
salad
sidewalk
see
also
@
sidewalk
nC
esp
Am
pavement,
walk
siege
siege
nC
besiege
vT
521
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
at
first
sight
know
sb
by
sight
catch
sight
of
sb/sth
lose
sight
of
sb/sth
love
at
first
sight
see
also
@
first,
love
2
sight
landmark
sight
nC
usu
pl
sightseeing
nU
see
also
@
see
1
sign
indication,
sign
nC
notice
sign
nCU
indication
signpost
nC
see
also
signify
vT
plus
sign
nC
see
also
3
notice
@
post
@
plus
minus
sign
nC
see
also
@
minus
2
sign /signature
sign
vIT
signature
nC
signing
nU
signed
adj
signatory
nC
sign
away/over
phr
v
give
sth
up
by
signing
a
legal
document
sign
on/up
phr
v
agree
to
do
sth
by
signing
a
document
countersign
vT
1
signal
indication,
signal
nC
signal
vIT
message
2
signal
traffic,
signal
nC
signal
box
nC
see
1
railway,
etc
also
@
box
signalman
nC
see
3
also
@
man
significant
significant
adj
significantly
adv
significance
nU
insignificant
neg
adj
insignificance
nU
insignificantly
neg
adv
silence
silence
nCU
silently
adv
silence
vT
silencer
nC
silent
adj
522
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
silicon
silicon
nU
silicon
chip
nC
see
3
also
@
chip
silk
silk
nU
silky
adj
silkiness
nU
silken
adj
silkworm
nC
see
also
@
worm
silly
silly
adj
silliness
nU
sincere
sincere
adj
sincerely
adv
sincerity
nU
insincere
neg
adj
yours
sincerely
letter
insincerity
nU
ending
Brit/sincerely
insincerely
neg
adv
523
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
yours
letter
ending
Am
sing
see
also
@
song
sing
vIT
singer
nC
singing
nU
1
single
only
one,
for
single
adj
only
one
single
adj
for
one
single
adj
esp
Brit
single
out
phr
v
singly
adv
one
person
one-‐way
(ticket,
etc)
singular
adj
grammar
single
room
nC
see
single
nC
esp
Brit
1
also
@
room ticket,
etc
2
single
unmarried,
single
adj
single
mother
nC
without
a
partner
see
also
@
mother
single
parent
nC
see
also
@
parent
sinister
sinister
adj
1
sink
go
under
water
sink
vI
go
under
sink
vI
go
down
sinking
nCU
water
sinking
adj
sunken
adj
sink
in
phr
v
understand
2
sink
basin
sink
nC
kitchen
sink
nC
see
also
@
kitchen
sip
sip
vIT
sip
nC
sir
sir
nC
dear
sir
letter
opening
see
also
@
1
dear
siren
warning
device
siren
nC
524
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
waiting
sit
back
phr
v
do
nothing
sit
for
phr
v
take
an
exam
sit
out/through
phr
v
wait
till
the
end
sit
up
phr
v
sit
upright
sitting
room
nC
see
babysit
vIT
babysitting
nU
1
also
@
room babysitter
nC
site
site
nC
campsite
nC
see
also
site
vT
@
camp
caravan
site
nC
Brit
website
nC
see
also
see
also
@
caravan
2
@
web
situate
locate
situated
adj
situate
vT
formal
525
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
ice
skater
nC
ice
skating
nU
see
also
@
ice
roller
skate
nC
roller
skating
nU
see
1
also
@
roll /roller
skateboard
nC
skateboard
vI
skateboarding
nU
skateboarder
nC
see
1
also
@
board
skeleton
skeleton
nC
skeletal
adj
530
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
smile
smile
vI
smiling
adj
smilingly
adv
smile
nC
smiley
nC,
e.g.
unsmiling
neg
adj
1
smoke from
fire
smoke
nU
smoking
adj
smoked
adj
smokeless
neg
adj
smoky
adj
2
smoke
consume
smoke
vIT
smoking
nU
smoker
nC
smoke
nC
tobacco
non-‐smoker
nC
passive
smoking
nU
se
also
@
passive
smooth
smooth
adj
smooth
vT
smoothness
nU
smoothly
adv
smoothie
nC
smooth
(things)
over
phr
v
settle
a
disagreement
snack
snack
nC
snack
bar
nC
see
snack
vI
1
also
@
bar
snail
snail
nC
at
a
snail’s
pace
see
also
@
pace
snake
snake
nC
snake
vI
grass
snake
nC
see
also
@
grass
rattlesnake
nC
see
also
@
rattle
snap
break
suddenly
snap
vIT
snap
nC
snap
out
of
it
stop
being
miserable
snatch
snatch
vT
snatch
nC
sneak
sneak
vITsneak
up
sneaker
nC
usu
pl
esp
sneaking
adj
(on)
phr
v
Am
sneaky
adj
sneak
nC
esp
Brit
sneeze
sneeze
nC
not
to
be
sneezed
at
sneeze
vI
531
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
sniff
sniff
vIT
sniff
nC
sniff
out
phr
v
detect
snooker
snooker
nU
snow
snow
nU
snowball
nC
see
also
snowy
adj
be
snowed
under
1
snow
vI
@
ball phr
v
be
very
busy
snowstorm
nC
see
snowboard
nC
1
also
@
storm snowboard
vI
see
1
also
@
board
snow-‐capped
adj
1
see
also
@
cap
snowdrift
nC
see
also
@
drift
snowman
nC
see
3
also
@
man
snowplough
nC
Brit/
snowplow
nC
Am
1
so
in
order
that,
so
conj
so
that
so
as
to
therefore,
etc
so
introductory
2
so
to
such
an
so
adv
to
such
an
extent
extent
3
so
true,
as
stated
so
adj
like
so
4
so
phrases
so-‐called
adj
see
and
so
on/forth
1
also
@
call
or
so
so
and
so
nC
so
far
as
conj
so
long
as
conj
so-‐so
adj
soak
soak
vIT
soak
nC
soak
up
phr
v
soaked
adj
532
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
soaking
adj
soap
soap
nCU
soap
vT
soapy
adj
soap
opera
nC
see
also
@
opera
shaving
soap
nU
see
also
@
shave
soar
soar
vI
soaring
adj
533
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
soft
opp.
hard
soft
adj
not
hard
soft
adj
music,
softly
adv
soften
vIT
softball
nU
see
also
@
softened
adj
1
soft
adj
gentle
lights,
colours,
etc
ball softener
nC
softness
nU
2
soft
non-‐alcoholic
soft
adj
soft
drink
nC
see
also
@
drink
software
software
nU
solar
solar
adj
solar
system
nU
see
solar
energy
nU
see
also
@
system
also
@
energy
solar
panel
nC
see
2
also
@
panel
soldier
soldier
nC
soldier
on
phr
v
persist
sole
only;
see
also
sole
adj
solely
adv
@
solitary
solemn
solemn
adj
solemnity
nU
solemnly
adv
solicit
solicit
vT
formal
unsolicited
neg
adj
solicitor
solicitor
nC
esp
Brit
534
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
solution
liquid;
see
solution
nCU
solvent
nCU
soluble
adj
solubility
nU
also
@
dissolve
insoluble
neg
adj
dissolve
vI
turn
into
dissolve
vT
legally
a
solution
end
marriage,
etc
dissolution
nU
legal
end
of
marriage,
etc
some
some
det,
pron,
adv
somebody
pron
somehow
adv
in
sometime
adv
someplace
adv
Am
someday
adv
someone
pron
some
way
informal
…
or
something
something
pron
somehow
adv
for
some
other
time
see
2
sometimes
adv
some
reason
also
@
time
somewhere
adv
something
else
see
also
@
else
somewhat
adv
son
son
nC
grandson
nC
see
son-‐in-‐law
nC
see
also
foster
son
nC
see
2
2
also
@
grand @
law also
@
foster
godson
nC
see
also
@
god
son-‐of-‐a-‐bitch
nC
esp
Am
offensive
see
also
@
bitch
song
see
also
@
sing
song
nC
folksong
nC
see
also
@
birdsong
nU
see
also
folk
@
bird
songwriter
nC
see
also
@
write/writer
soon
soon
adv
within
a
as
soon
as
the
sooner
the
short
time
as
soon
as
possible
better
sooner
or
later
see
1
also
@
late
no
sooner
…
than
would
sooner
…
than
535
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
sophisticated
sophisticated
adj
sophistication
nU
unsophisticated
neg
adj
sore
painful
sore
adj
sore
nC
soreness
nU
eyesore
nC
see
also
@
eye
1
sorry /sorrow
sad
sorry
adj
sad
sorrow
nU
sorrowful
adj
sorrowfully
adv
2
sorry
apology,
sorry
adj
regretful,
regret
apologetic
(I’m)
sorry!
exclam
apology
1
sort
type
sort
nC
all
sorts
of
a
sort/of
sorts
sort
of
2
sort
separate
sort
vT
separate
assorted
adj
sorted
adj
assortment
nC
sort
out
phr
v
separate,
tidy
up
sort
out
phr
v
Brit
deal
with
soul
soul
nC
spirit
soul
nC
old-‐
soulless
neg
adj
fashioned
person
soul-‐destroying
adj
see
also
@
destroy
soul
mate
nC
see
2
also
@
mate
soul
music
nU
see
also
@
music
soul-‐searching
adj
see
also
@
search
keep
body
and
soul
together
see
also
@
body
1
sound
noise,
etc
sound
nC
noise,
etc
soundproof
adj
sound
nU
volume
soundproof
vIT
sound
vT
soundproofing
nU
536
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
see
also
@
proof
sound
barrier
nU
see
also
@
barrier
soundbite
nC
see
also
@
bite
2
sound
seem
sound
vI
sound
off
phr
v
give
one’s
opinion
forcefully
sound
out
phr
v
ask
sb’s
opinion
sounding
n
usu
pl
3
sound
not
sound
adj
unsound
neg
adj
damaged,
effective
safe
and
sound
soup
soup
nCU
south
south
nU
southern
adj
South
Pole
nU
see
southward/
southerly
adj
2
south
adv
also
@
pole southwards
adv
see
southernmost
adj
2
south
adj
also
@
ward go
south
southeast/south-‐
east
nU/adj
southeastern
adj
southwest/south-‐
west
nU/adj
southwestern
adj
souvenir
souvenir
nC
537
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
space
emptiness
space
nU
emptiness,
space
nC
vacant
spatial
adj
space
vT
spacing
nU
empty
area
area,
e.g.
for
parking,
spacious
adj
spatially
adv
in
printing,
etc
2
space
cosmos
space
nU
spacecraft
nC
see
spaceship
nC
see
space
shuttle
nC
see
2
1
also
@
craft also
@
ship also
@
shuttle
space
station
nC
see
3
also
@
station
1
spade
shovel
spade
nC
2
spade
card
suit
♠
spade
nC
539
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
speech
oratory;
speech
nC
see
also
@
speak
2
speech
ability
to
speech
nU
figure
of
speech
nC
see
speechless
neg
adj
5
speak;
see
also
@
also
@
figure part
of
speech
nC
1
speak
see
also
@
part
speed
speed
nCU
speed
limit
nC
see
speed
vI
speedy
adj
speed
up
phr
v
also
@
limit
speeding
adj
speeding
nU
high-‐speed
adj
speedboat
nC
see
also
@
boat
speedometer
nC
see
also
@
meter
1
spell
in
writing
spell
vT
spelling
nU
spell
out
phr
v
2
spell
period
of
time
spell
nC
spend spend vIT money spend vIT time spending nU spender nC
spine
backbone
spine
nC
backbone
spinal
adj
spine
nC
of
book,
etc
spiral/spire
spiral
nC
spiral
adj
spiral
vI
spire
nC
1
spirit
attitude,
spirit
nCU
spirited
adj
morale,
liveliness,
spiritless
neg
adj
etc
in
high/low
spirits
2
spirit
soul,
ghost,
spirit
nC
spiritual
adj
spiritually
adv
etc
spirituality
nU
3
spirit
alcoholic
spirit
nC
drink
spit
spit
vI
spit
vI
fig
–
rain
lightly
spittle
nU
spit
nU
spit
sth
out
phr
v
speak
openly
1
spite
ill-‐will
spite
nU
spiteful
adj
spitefully
adj
cut
off
your
nose
to
spite
your
face
idiom
see
also
@
face,
nose
2
spite /despite
despite
prep
in
spite
of
prep
542
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
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3
spot
inflammation
spot
nC
spotty
adj
4
spot
notice
spot
vT
543
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
squat
occupy
squat
vI
squat
nC
property
without
squatter
nC
consent
squeeze
squeeze
vIT
squeeze
nC
squirrel
squirrel
nC
squirrel
away
phr
v
hide
stab
stab
vT
stabbing
adj
stab
nC
stabbing
nCU
stab
in
the
back
v/nC
2
see
also
@
back
1
stable
unchanging
stable
adj
stability
nU
unstable
neg
adj
destabilize
vT
stabilize
vIT
instability
nU
2
stable
horse
stable
nC
stablemate
nC
see
accommodation
also
@
mate
stack
stack
nC
chimneystack
nC
stack
vT
see
also
@
chimney
stadium
stadium
nC
staff
workers
staff
nU
staff
vT
staffer
nC
esp
Am
staffing
nU
stag
stag
nC
stag
party
nC
see
1
also
@
party
1
stage
point
in
a
stage
nC
stage
coach
nC
see
series
also
@
coach
2
stage
in
theatre
stage
nC
stage
vT
put
on
a
onstage
adv
play
offstage
adv
backstage
adv/adj
stagger
walk
stagger
vI
stagger
nC
unsteadily
stain
stain
vIT
stainless
neg
adj
stained
adj
stain
nC
bloodstain
nC
bloodstained
adj
see
also
@
blood
544
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
stained
glass
nU
see
1
also
@
glass
stainless
steel
nU
see
also
@
steel
stair
stair
nC
staircase
nC
see
also
3
@
case
downstairs
adj/adv
upstairs
adj/adv
1
stake
share
in
sth,
stake
nC
stakeholder
nC
see
esp.
business
also
@
hold/holder
2
stake
bet
stake
vT
stake
nC
at
stake
stale
stale
adj
staleness
nU
1
stall
market
stand
stall
nC
Brit
2
stall
delay
stall
vIT
1
stamp
postage
stamp
nC
postage
stamp
nC
1
stamp
see
also
@
post
2
stamp
with
foot
stamp
vIT
stamp
on
phr
v
stamp
nC
stamp
out
phr
v
end
sth
stance
stance
nC
1
stand
remain
stand
vI
remain
stand
in
line
Am
see
stand
vIT
be
standstill
n
sing
see
stand
nC
place
1 2
upright
upright
also
@
line ,
queue
situated;
cause
to
be
also
@
still
where
people
stand,
stand
vI/stand
up
situated
e.g.
at
sports
ground
phr
v
get
to
one’s
stand
still
see
also
2
feet
@
still
at
a
standstill
witness
stand
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
witness
2
stand
attitude,
stand
nC
standpoint
nC
see
1
stance
also
@
point
545
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
3
stand
phrasal
stand
against
phr
v
verbs,
nouns,
etc
run
in
an
election
against
sb
stand
back
phr
v
take
no
part
in
sth
stand
by
phr
v
stand
and
watch
bystander
nC
sb
who
stands
and
watches
stand
by
phr
v
support
stand
by
phr
v
wait
ready
standby
nC
reserve
stand
down
phr
v
resign
stand
for
phr
v
signify,
represent
stand
for
phr
v
run
in
an
election
stand
in
for
phr
v
deputise,
substitute
stand-‐in
nC
substitute
outstanding
adj
stand
out
phr
v
be
remarkable
remarkable
stand
out
for/
against
phr
v
demand
that
sth
should/should
not
be
stand
up
for
phr
v
support
sb/sth
stand
up
to
phr
v
546
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
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resist
4
stand
tolerate
stand
vT
stand
for
phr
v
can’t
stand
sb/sth
allow,
tolerate
1
standard
level,
standard
nCU
standard
of
living
nC
quality,
etc
see
also
@
life/
living
2
standard
normal
standard
adj
standardized
adj
standardize
vT
standardization
nU
standing
reputation
standing
nU
standpoint
standpoint
nC
see
1 2
also
@
point ,
stand
standstill
see
also
@
standstill
n
sing
stand
still
1 2
stand ,
still
at
a
standstill
staple
metal
staple
nC
staple
vT
fastener
stapler
nC
staple
gun
nC
see
also
@
gun
1
star
in
sky
star
nC
in
the
sky
star
nC
sth
star-‐
starry
adj
shaped
starlight
nU
see
also
1
@
light
2
star
main
actor
star
nC
superstar
nC
star
adj
film/movie
star
nC
stardom
nU
1
see
also
@
film ,
starring
adj
movie
star
vI
stare
stare
vI
stare
nC
547
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
startling
adj
start
vI
move
suddenly
start
n
usu
sing
starve
starve
vI
starvation
nU
starving
adj
1
state
condition
state
nC
state
of
affairs
n
sing
see
also
@
affair
state
of
mind
nC
see
also
@
mind
2
state
country
state
nC
statesman
nC
see
also
statesmanship
nU
3
3
state
adj
@
man see
also
@
man
state
school
nC
esp
Am
see
also
@
school
3
state
say,
express
state
vT
stated
adj
statement
nC
overstate
vT
overstatement
nCU
understate
vT
understated
adj
understatement
nCU
4
state
province
state
nC
esp
Am
interstate
adj
esp
Am
statewide
adj
static
static
adj
1
station
railway,
station
nC
bus
station
nC
see
stationmaster
nC
bus,
etc
also
@
bus
see
also
@
master
railway
station
nC
Brit/
railroad
station
nC
Am
see
also
@
1
rail
train
station
nC
esp
1
Am
see
also
@
train
2
station
radio,
TV,
station
nC
548
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
etc
3
station
workplace
station
nC
police
station
nC
see
workstation
nC
see
station
vT
usu
passive
polling
station
nC
1
also
@
police
also
@
work fire
station
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
poll/
1
see
also
@
fire
polling
space
station
nC
see
2
also
@
space
service
station
nC
2
see
also
@
service
4
station
petrol,
etc
petrol
station
nC
Brit
power
station
nC
2
see
also
@
petrol
see
also
@
station
gas
station
nC
Am
2
see
also
@
gas
stationary
stationary
adj
stay
stay
vI
remain
stay
vI
continue
stay
nC
time
living
stay
behind/on
phr
v
stay
vI
live
somewhere
remain
when
others
temporarily
have
gone
stay
put
not
move;
see
also
@
put
stay
up
phr
v
not
go
to
bed;
remain
in
the
air
steady
steady
adj
steadily
adv
steady
vIT
unsteady
neg
adj
unsteadily
neg
adv
549
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
steak
steak
nCU
550
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
leave
a
job,
etc
step
in
phr
v
intervene
step
up
phr
v
increase
stepping
stone
nC
see
also
@
stone
2
step
stage
in
a
step
nC
step
by
step
series
3
step /step-‐
step-‐brother/sister
nC
see
also
@
brother/sister
step-‐mother/father/
parent
nC
see
also
@
mother/father/
parent
step-‐son/daughter
nC
see
also
@
son/
daughter
stereo
stereo
nC
stereo
adj
stereotype
stereotype
nC
stereotypical
adj
stereotype
vT
stereotyping
nU
sterile
sterile
adj
sterility
nU
sterilize
vT
sterilization
nU
sterilized
adj
sterling
sterling
adj
sterling
nU
pound
sterling
nU
1
see
also
@
pound
stern
stern
adj
sternly
adv
sternness
nU
551
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
stew
stew
nCU
stew
vIT
stewed
adj
steward/stewardess
stewardess
nC
steward
nC
stewardship
nU
1
stick
push
sth
into
stick
vT
stick
sth
in/into
phr
sth
v
stick
out
phr
v
protrude
stick
out
for
phr
v
demand
2
stick
attach,
glue,
stick
vI/stick
to
phr
v
sticky
adj
sticker
nC
sticking
adj
stick
around
phr
v
etc
glue,
attach
firmly
not
leave
stick
vI
jam
stick
at
phr
v
persist
stick
by
sb
phr
v
continue
to
support
stick
to/with
sth
phr
v
not
change
stick
together
phr
v
remain
friends
stick
up
for
phr
v
support
sticking
plaster
nC
Brit
see
also
@
2
plaster
3
stick
length
of
stick
nC
short
lipstick
nC
see
also
@
walking
stick
nC
see
wood,
etc
branch
lip
also
@
walk
stick
nC
rod
1
stiff
rigid
stiff
adj
rigid
stiff
adj
informal
strongly
alcoholic
stiffen
vIT
stiffness
nU
2
stiff
overpriced
stiff
adj
informal
overpriced
552
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
stifle
stifle
vT
stifled
adj
stifling
adj
1
still
ongoing
still
adv
ongoing
still
adv
even
more,
etc
2
still
unmoving
still
adj
still
nU
still
vT
stillness
nU
stand
still
see
also
1
standstill
n
sing
see
@
stand
1
also
@
stand at
a
standstill
3
still
despite
still
adv
553
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
stock
market
nC
see
1
also
@
market
stocking
stocking
nC
554
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bus
stop
nC
see
also
non-‐stop
adj
@
bus
stop
behind
phr
v
not
leave,
remain
stop
by
phr
v
visit
stop
in
phr
v
remain
indoors
stop
off/over
phr
v
side
trip
during
a
journey
stopover
nC
stop
watch
nC
see
2
also
@
watch
come
to
a
stop
unstoppable
neg
adj
2
stop
prevent
stop
vT
put
a
stop
to
sth
1
store
place
for
store
nC
storage
store
vT
in
store
storing
things
place
storage
nU
storehouse
nC
see
2
store
nC
supply
of
also
@
house
sth
storeroom
nC
see
1
also
@
room
2
store
shop
store
nC
shop,
often
department
store
nC
drugstore
nC
Am
bookstore
nC
esp
Am
storekeeper
nC
esp
1
1
large
see
also
@
see
also
@
drug see
also
@
book Am
see
also
@
2
department
keep
/keeper
grocery
nC
Brit/
grocery
store
nC
Am
see
also
@
grocer
2
storey/story
floor
storey
nC
Brit/story
multi-‐storey
car
park
2
of
building
nC
Am
nC
see
also
@
park
1
storm
bad
weather
storm
nC
rainstorm
nC
see
stormy
adj
hailstorm
nC
see
2
also
@
rain
also
@
hail
snowstorm
nC
see
also
@
snow
thunderstorm
nC
see
also
@
thunder
555
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
storm
attack
storm
vT
storming
nC
1
story
account
of
story
nC
fictional
story
nC
report
of
short
story
nC
see
storybook
adj
see
1
1
events
account,
anecdote
events
also
@
short also
@
book
storyteller
nC
storytelling
nU
see
also
@
tell
2
story /storey
floor
story
nC
Am/storey
of
building
nC
Brit
stout
stout
adj
stoutly
adv
stoutness
nU
stove
stove
nC
1
straight
opp.
bent
straight
adj
not
straighten
vIT
straight
adj
honest
curved
or
bent
go
straight
phr
v
straight
on
adv
remain
honest
without
turning
straight
nC
straight
section,
e.g.
on
race
track
straight
face
nC
2
straight
directly,
straight
adv
tell
sb
straight
immediately
straightaway
adv
straightforward
straightforward
adj
strain
stress,
tension
strain
nCU
physical
strain
vIT
strained
adj
tension
strain
nCU
mental
stress
strait
strait
nC
water
channel
straits
n
pl
difficult
circumstances
straitened
adj
strand
thread
strand
nC
558
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
shoestring
see
also
@
shoe
pull
the
strings
string
sb
along
phr
v
deceive
sb
string
up
phr
v
kill
by
hanging
1
strip
remove
strip
vIT
remove
strip
vT
remove
clothes,
etc
privileges,
title,
etc
strip
off
phr
v
stripped
adj
stripper
nC
sb
who
removes
clothes
stripper
nC
sth
to
remove
paint,
etc
strip
club
nC
see
1
also
@
club
striptease
nU
see
also
@
tease
2
strip
long,
thin
strip
nC
airstrip
nC
see
also
2
piece
of
paper,
etc
@
air
stripe
stripe
nC
striped
adj
stripy
adj
560
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
beautiful
stun
gun
nC
see
also
@
gun
stupid
stupid
adj
stupidity
nU
stupidly
adv
561
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
submit
apply
submit
vT
submission
nC
subscribe
subscribe
vI
unsubscribe
vI
subscription
nC
subscriber
nC
subsequent
subsequent
adj
formal
subsequently
adv
subsidiary
subsidiary
nC
subsidiary
adj
subsidy
subsidy
nC
subsidize
vT
subsidized
adj
unsubsidized
neg
adj
substance
substance
nC
substantial
substantial
adj
substantially
adv
substantive
adj
insubstantial
neg
adj
substantiate
vT
substantiation
nU
substitute
substitute
vT
substitution
nU
substitute
adj
substitute
nC
subtle
subtle
adj
subtly
adv
subtlety
nCU
subtract
subtract
vIT
subtraction
nU
suffer
endure
pain,
suffer
vIT
suffering
nCU
sufferer
nC
suffer
from/with
phr
hardship,
etc
v
long-‐suffering
adj
1
see
also
@
long
sufficient
sufficient
adj
sufficiently
adv
insufficient
neg
adj
suffice
vI
insufficiently
neg
adv
suffix
see
also
@
suffix
nC
prefix
sugar
sugar
nU
sugar
vT
sugary
adj
sugarcane
nU
see
also
@
cane
sugar
daddy
nC
informal
see
also
@
daddy
sugar-‐free
adj
see
3
also
@
free
icing
sugar
nU
Brit
2
see
also
@
ice
confectioner’s
sugar
nU
Am
suggest
suggest
vT
propose
suggestion
nC
suggest
vT
imply
suggestive
adj
suggested
adj
suggestively
adv
suicide
suicide
nCU
suicidal
adj
563
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
commit
suicide
see
suicide
bomber
nC
1
also
@
commit see
also
@
bomb/
bomber
pesticide
nCU
fungicide
nCU
genocide
nU
herbicide
nCU
homicide
nCU
insecticide
nCU
see
also
@
insect
1
suit
be
appropriate,
suit
vT
be
suit
vT
match,
look
suitability
nU
suited
adj
convenient,
etc
appropriate,
good
on
sb/sth
suitably
adv
unsuited
neg
adj
convenient
unsuitable
neg
adj
unsuitably
neg
adv
suitable
adj
2
suit
clothes
suit
nC
track
suit
nC
see
dinner
suit
nC
see
2
suitcase
nC
see
also
also
@
track also
@
dinner
2
@
case swimsuit
nC
see
also
@
swim
trouser
suit
nC
see
also
@
trousers
3
suit
cards
♦♠♣♥
suit
nC
follow
suit
see
also
1
@
follow
suite
suite
nC
564
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
4
sum
mathematical
sum
nC
problem
summer
summer
nCU
summertime
nU
see
summery
adj
1
also
@
time midsummer
nU
see
also
@
middle/mid-‐
summer
holiday
nC
see
also
@
holiday
1
summit
top
of
summit
nC
mountain
2
summit
high-‐level
summit
nC
meeting
summon
summon
vT
summons
nC
summons
vT
summon
up
phr
v
sun
sun
nCU
sunny
adj
sun
vT/sun
oneself
sunbathe
vI
sunlight
nU
see
also
sunburn
nU/vI
sunbeam
nC
see
1
2
sunbathing
nU
@
light sunburnt/sunburned
also
@
beam
sunbather
nC
see
adj
see
also
@
burn
sunscreen
nCU
see
2
also
@
bath/bathe
sunglasses
n
pl
see
also
also
@
screen
sunrise
nCU
see
also
@
glasses
sunflower
nC
see
1
@
rise suntan
n
sing
see
also
also
@
flower
sunset
nCU
see
also
@
tan
sunshade
nC
see
6
1
@
set also
@
shade
sunshine
nU
see
also
@
shine
super/superb
super
adj
informal
superb
adj
superbly
adv
sure
sure
adj
surely
adv
sure!
exclam
unsure
neg
adj
for
sure
ensure
vT
make
sure
see
also
sure
enough
1
@
make
surf
surfing
nU
surf
nU
surfboard
nC
see
1
windsurfing
nU
see
surf
vI
also
@
board
1
also
@
wind surfer
nC
surface
surface
nC
surface
vI
surface
adj
567
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
suspicious
adj
unsuspected
neg
adj
1
suspend
stop
doing
suspend
vT
suspension
nCU
suspended
adj
sth
temporarily
2
suspend
hang
suspend
vT
suspension
nU
suspender
nC
Brit
supports
for
stockings
suspender
nC
Am
supports
for
trousers
=
braces
nC
Brit
suspension
bridge
nC
see
also
@
bridge
suspense
suspense
nU
in
suspense
uncertainty,
expectation
sustain
sustain
vT
sustained
adj
sustainability
nU
sustainable
adj
unsustainable
neg
adj
sustenance
nU
formal
swallow
swallow
vIT
when
swallow
nC
act
of
swallow
vT
use
up
swallow
vT
believe
eating,
drinking
swallowing
swamp
swamp
nC
swamp
vT
swampy
adj
swap
swap
vIT
swap
nC
sway
sway
vI
sway
nC
swaying
adj
1
swear
curse
swear
vI
swearing
nU
swear
word
nC
see
also
@
word
2
swear
make
swear
vI
sworn
adj
promise/sworn
swear
in
phr
v
swear
an
oath
see
also
@
oath
568
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
sweat
sweat
nU
sweater
nC
sweaty
adj
sweat
vI
sweatshirt
nC
see
also
@
shirt
sweatshop
nC
see
2
also
@
shop
1
sweep
brush
clean
sweep
vIT
sweep/sweeper
nC
sweep
aside
phr
v
disregard
sth
chimney
sweep
nC
see
also
@
chimney
minesweeper
nC
3
see
also
@
mine
2
sweep
move
sweep
nC
quick
sweeping
adj
quickly
movement
sweep
vI
move
quickly
sweep
by/past
phr
v
move
past
quickly
1
sweet
sugary
sweet
adj
sugary
sweet
adj
pleasant
sweeten
vT
sweetener
nC
sweetheart
nC
see
also
sweetened
adj
1
@
heart unsweetened
neg
sweetly
adv
adj
sweetness
nU
sweetcorn
nU
Brit
see
also
@
corn
sweet
tooth
nC
see
also
@
tooth
2
sweet
candy,
sweet
nC
Brit
confectionery
3
sweet
dessert
sweet
nC
Brit
569
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
swimmer
nC
swimming
nU
swimming
pool
nC
swimming
costume
see
also
@
pool
nC
see
also
@
costume
swimsuit
nC
see
also
2
@
suit
swing
swing
vIT
swing
nC
try
to
hit;
swinging
adj
swing
nC
act
of
swinging
in
full
swing
1
switch
change
switch
vIT
switch
nC
2
switch
electrical
switch
nC
on-‐off
device
switch
on/off
phr
v
swollen
see
also
@
swollen
adj
swell
sword
sword
nC
swordsman
nC
swordsmanship
nU
3
see
also
@
man
syllable
syllable
nC
syllabic
adj
570
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
syndrome
see
also
syndrome
nC
@
AIDS
synthesis
synthesis
nCU
synthesize
vT
synthesizer
nC
synthetic
synthetic
adj
synthetically
adv
571
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
timetable
vT
Brit
tablet
tablet
nC
sleeping
tablet
nC
1
see
also
@
sleep
tack
tack
nC
small
nail
tack
vT
fasten
thumbtack
nC
Am
=
loosely
drawing
pin
nC
Brit;
see
also
@
thumb
1
tackle
attempt
tackle
vT
2
tackle
intercept,
tackle
vIT
esp.
in
sport
tackle
nC
tact
tact
nU
tactful
adj
tactfully
adv
tactless
neg
adj
tactlessly
neg
adv
tactic
tactic
nC/tactics
n
pl
tactical
adj
tactically
adv
delaying
tactics
npl
see
also
@
delay
tag
tag
nC
label
tag
vT
tag
along
phr
v
tail
tail
nC
animal
body
tail
vT
follow
part
tail
off
phr
v
tail
end
nC
see
also
@
end
tailor
tailor
vT
tailor
nC
tailor-‐made
adj
see
also
@
make/made
1
take
take
vT
remove,
take
vT
hold,
grab
take
vT
lead,
go
take
vT
capture
caretaker
nC
see
also
take
vT
direction
–
1
steal
take
vT
take
a
train,
with,
take
sb
@
care take
a
turning,
etc
take
vT
carry
plane,
etc
somewhere
take
vT
receive
take
vT
accept
gift,
take
vT
require
take
vT
perform,
lessons,
accept
offer,
money,
etc
take
vT
time/how
study,
teach,
test,
etc
advice,
etc
long
take
vT
break,
rest,
take
vT
medicine,
walk,
holiday,
trip,
572
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
drugs,
etc
etc
take
vT
photo,
message,
etc
2
take
phrasal
verbs,
take
sth
off
phr
v
take
vI/take
away/
take
sth
away
phr
v
take
sth
on
phr
v
take
after
sb
inherit
take
apart
phr
v
etc
remove
clothing,
etc
from
phr
v
subtract
remove
accept
task,
etc
looks,
character,
etc
dismantle;
see
also
take
sth
back
phr
v
take
sth
over
phr
v
takeover
nC
@
apart
return
to
seller,
etc
take
on
responsibility
take
sth
back
phr
v
take
sth
in
phr
v
for
sth
retract
comprehend
take
part
(in)
take
sth
down
phr
v
take
off
phr
v
leave
participate;
see
also
remove
1
the
ground
@
part take
sth
down
phr
v
take-‐off
nC
take
place
see
also
write
down
sth
said
take
sth
up
phr
v
@
place
take
for
phr
v
start
a
job,
hobby,
confuse
etc
take
sb
on
phr
v
take
time
see
also
employ
@
time
take
sb
out
phr
v
on
take-‐away
nC
Brit/
date,
visit
take-‐out
nC
Am
take
sth
out
phr
v
remove
take
time
off
stay
home
from
work;
1
see
also
@
time
it
won’t
take
long
tale
tale
nC
tell
tales
fairytale
nC/adj
see
also
@
fairy
talent
talent
nCU
talented
adj
talent
nC
untalented
neg
adj
talk
talk
vI/talk
about/of
talk
nC
lecture,
etc
talking
nU
talking
adj
phr
v
talkative
adj
talk
nCU
talk
sb
into
sth
phr
v
conversation,
talk
sb
out
of
sth
phr
negotiation,
etc
v
573
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
talk
over
phr
v
talk
to
oneself
talking
of
…
tall
tall
adj
walk
tall
vI
see
also
@
walk
tame
tame
adj
opp.
wild
tame
vT
tame
adj
unexciting
tamely
adv
tameness
nU
tamer
nC
tan
tan
n
sing
tanned
adj
suntan
n
sing
see
also
tanning
nU
@
sun
tan
vIT
tangible
tangible
adj
tangibly
adv
tangibility
nU
intangible
neg
adj
intangible
nC
intangibly
neg
adv
1
tank
container
tank
nC
tanker
nC
fuel
tank
nC
see
also
@
fuel
gas
tank
nC
esp
Am
2
see
also
@
gas
petrol
tank
nC
esp
Brit
see
also
@
petrol
2
tank
heavy
military
tank
nC
vehicle
1
tap
hit
lightly
tap
vIT
tap
nC
2
tap
see
also
@
tap
nC
Brit
=
faucet
tap
nC
device
faucet
nC
Am
regulating
flow
1
tape
recording
tape
nCU
tape
vIT
tape-‐recording
nC
1
tape-‐recorder
nC
see
also
@
record /
tape
recording
nC
recording
574
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
1
see
also
@
record /
video-‐tape
vIT
recorder
video-‐taped
adj
see
videotape
nCU
see
also
@
video
also
@
video
2
tape
long
strip
of
tape
nCU
tape
vT/tape
up
phr
red
tape
nU
material
v
bureaucracy;
see
also
@
red
tape
measure
nC
2
see
also
@
measure
tape
worm
nC
see
also
@
worm
target
target
nC
in
archery,
target
nC
objective,
target
vT
target
nC
intended
shooting,
etc
aim
person,
person
being
criticized,
attacked,
etc
targeted
adj
tariff
tariff
nC
575
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
pay/payer
see
also
@
income
value
added
tax
nCU
see
also
@
VAT
taxi
taxi
nC
taxi
driver
nC
see
taxicab
nC
see
also
taxi
rank
nC
see
also
1 1
2
also
@
drive /driver
@
cab @
rank
1
tea
drink
tea
nCU
tea
break
nC
see
teacup
nC
see
also
teapot
nC
see
also
3
also
@
break @
cup
@
pot
teaspoon
nC
see
also
@
spoon
2
tea
meal
tea
nC
Brit
teatime
nU
Brit
see
1
also
@
time
teach
teach
vIT
teaching
nU
teacher
nC
team
team
nC
teammate
nC
see
teamwork
nU
see
2
2
also
@
mate also
@
work
team
up
phr
v
1
tear /torn
rip
tear
vIT
tear
nC
tearaway
nC
informal
torn
adj
tear
apart
phr
v
tear
at
phr
v
tear
down
phr
v
tear
into
phr
v
tear
oneself
away
phr
v
tear
up
phr
v
tear
to
pieces
see
also
@
piece
2
tear
weeping
tear
nC
burst
into
tears
see
also
@
burst
shed
tears
see
also
2
@
shed
in
tears
teardrop
nC
see
also
576
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
@
drop
teargas
nU
see
also
1
@
gas
tearful
adj
tearfully
adv
tease
tease
vIT
teasing
nU
striptease
nU
see
1
also
@
strip
technical
technical
adj
technically
adv
relating
to
technician
nC
technique
technique
nCU
technology
technology
nCU
IT
nU
abbrev
=
technological
adj
tech
nC
abbrev
technologically
adv
information
technology
teddy/teddy
bear
teddy
nC
2
see
also
@
bear teddy
bear
nC
tedious
tedious
adj
tediously
adv
tedium
nU
tee
tee
nC
tee-‐off
vI
577
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
also
@
call phone
number
nC
phone
booth
nC
see
mobile
phone
nC
Brit
see
also
@
number
also
@
booth
see
also
@
mobile
phone
box
nC
see
1
also
@
box
telescope
telescope
nC
telescopic
adj
telescope
vIT
television
television
nCU
telly
nC
informal
Brit
televise
vT
TV
nC
abbrev
televised
adj
1
tell
/told
inform
tell
vT
inform
tell
vT
tell
a
story,
retell
vT
joke,
etc
retelling
nCU
tell
vT
order,
tell
sb
off
phr
v
command
foretell
vT
fortune
teller
nC
see
2
also
@
fortune
storyteller
nC
storytelling
nU
see
1
also
@
story
2
tell
know,
tell
vIT
tell
apart
phr
v
distinguish
tell
the
difference
see
also
@
different/
difference
all
told
untold
neg
adj
temper
temper
nCU
quick-‐tempered
adj
good-‐tempered
adj
see
also
@
quick
bad-‐tempered
adj
lose
one’s
temper
be
in
a
good
temper
be
in
a
bad
temper
get
into
a
temper
temperament
temperament
nU
temperamental
adj
temperamentally
adv
temperate
temperate
adj
temperance
nU
intemperate
neg
adj
578
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
intemperance
nU
temperature
temperature
nCU
of
temperature
nU
of
have
a
temperature
sth
sb
take
sb’s
temperature
temple
temple
nC
religious
building
tempo
tempo
nC
579
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
tenure
tenure
nU
tenured
adj
1
term
fixed
time
–
term
nC
fixed
time
–
short-‐/medium-‐/
prison,
etc
prison,
etc
long-‐term
nU/adj
midterm
nCU
see
also
@
middle/mid-‐
2
term
school/
term
nC
school
termly
adj
university
term
half-‐term
nC
Brit
see
1
also
@
half
midterm
nCU
see
also
@
middle/mid-‐
3
term
expression/
in
terms
of
…
term
nC
term
vT
formal,
often
terminology
nU
phrase
pass
4
term
condition
term
nC
usu
pl
on
speaking
terms
580
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
terror/terrible
terrible
adj
bad,
terror
nCU
terrorist
adj
terribly
adv
very
bad
terrified
adj
terrorize
vT
unpleasant
terrorism
nU
terrify
vT
terrifying
adj
terrorist
nC
counter-‐terrorist
adj
test
test
nC
exam,
etc
test
nC
trial,
testing
nU
tester
nC
test
vT
experiment,
etc
tested
adj
untested
neg
adj
testament
testament
nC
formal
last
will
and
legal
-‐
will
testament
see
also
3
@
will
testify
testify
vIT
testimony
nCU
text
text
nCU
prose
text
nC
SMS
textbook
nC
see
also
textual
adj
1
message
@
book
text
vT
send
SMS
message
textile
textile
nC
textile
adj
theory
theory
nC
theoretical
adj
theorist
nC
theoretically
adv
theorem
nC
theorize
vI
in
theory
therapy
therapy
nCU
therapist
nC
therapeutic
adj
chemotherapy
nU
physiotherapy
nU
physiotherapist
nC
1
there
adverb
–
not
there
adv
that
here
and
there
here
place;
not
here
over
there
there
and
then/then
and
there
2
there
introductory:
there
pron
there
is,
etc
introductory:
there
is,
etc
3
there
exclamation
there!
attracting
there
you
are
attention
there
there!
there!
confirmation
comfort
thereafter
thereafter
adv
formal
thereby
thereby
adv
formal
583
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
thick
thick
adj
opp.
thin
thick
adv
thick
adj
abundant
thickness
nCU
thick
adj
viscous
thicken
vIT
thick
adj
informal
stupid
thickly
adv
thick-‐skinned
adj
see
also
@
skin
through
thick
and
thin
thief
see
also
@
thief
nC
theft
nCU
thieve
vI
theft
as
thick
as
thieves
idiom
thigh
thigh
nC
thigh
bone
nC
see
also
@
bone
thin
thin
adj
not
thick
thin
vIT
thin
adj
watery
thin
adj
not
fat
thinly
adv
thinness
nU
thing
thing
nC
unnamed
things
n
pl
situation
things
npl
plaything
nC
see
1
object
possessions
also
@
play
the
best
thing
…
the
real
thing
for
one
thing
…
for
another
thing
…
have
a
thing
about
sb/sth
make
a
thing
of/out
of
it’s
a
good
thing
that
…
the
next
thing
this/that
sort
of
thing
the
thing
is
…
introductory
anything
pron
sth
in
anything
pron
anything
but
…
584
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
neg
and
questions
whatever
is
available
anything
like
nothing
pron
for
anything
nothing
number
zero
something
pron
think
see
also
@
think
vIT
form
think
vI
reason
think
vIT
believe
think
vI
recall,
thinking
adj
thinker
nC
rethink
vI/nC
thought
thoughts,
believe,
think
about
phr
v
remember
unthinkable
neg
adj
etc
think
of
sth/sb
think
back
to
thought
nCU
think
so
think
better
of
sb
thinking
nU
think
nothing
of
think
sth
out
phr
v
plan
think
sth
over
phr
v
consider
think
through
phr
v
think
up
phr
v
think
n
sing
informal/have
a
think
third
see
also
@
third
ordinal
thirdly
adv
three
number/fraction
third-‐party
adj
see
3
also
@
party
third-‐world
n
sing/
adj
see
also
@
world
thirst
thirsty
adj
thirst
nU
thirst
vI
586
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
because
of
result,
by
means
of,
with
the
help
of
throughout
throughout
prep/adv
throw
throw
vIT
throw
(sth)
away/
throw
nC
throw
up
phr
v
out
phr
v
overthrow
vT
informal
vomit
overthrow
nC
throw
off
the
scent
see
also
@
scent
thrust
thrust
vT
thrust
nCU
thrusting
adj
thruster
nC
thumb
thumb
nC
thumbnail
nC
see
thumbtack
nC
Am
=
thumb
vT/thumb
2
also
@
nail drawing
pin
nC
Brit;
see
through
phr
v
also
@
tack
be
under
sb’s
thumb
rule
of
thumb
nC
1
see
also
@
rule
thunder
thunder
nU
thunderous
adj
thunder
vI
thundery
adj
thunderstorm
nC
1
see
also
@
storm
thus
thus
adv
formal
like
thus
adv
formal
so,
in
this
way
therefore
1
tick
check
mark
tick
nC
esp
Brit
tick
off
phr
v
esp
Brit
tick
vT
esp
Brit
2
tick
sound
of
clock
tick
vI
ticking
nU/adj
tick
nC
tick
away/by
phr
v
ticket
ticket
nC
for
travel,
ticket
office
nC
see
1
entrance,
etc
also
@
office
ticket
nC
price
return
ticket
nC
Brit
ticket,
parking
ticket,
see
also
@
return
speeding
ticket,
etc
tide
tide
nC
rise/fall
of
tidal
adj
sea
high/low
tide
nC
tidy
tidy
adj
untidy
neg
adj
tidily
adv
587
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
tidy
vIT/tidy
away/
tidiness
nU
up
phr
v
untidily
neg
adv
untidiness
nU
1
tie
fasten
with
rope
tie
vIT/tie
(sb/sth)
tie
nC
tie
down
phr
v
up
phr
v
untie
vT
2
tie
necktie
tie
nC
bowtie
nC
see
also
3
@
bow
necktie
nC
Am
see
also
@
neck
3
tie
draw,
dead
tie
nC
heat,
equal
scores
tie
vI
tiger
tiger
nC
tigress
nC
588
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
bedtime
nCU
see
lifetime
nC
see
also
nighttime
nU
see
full
time
n
sing
see
1
also
@
bed @
life also
@
night
also
@
full
dinnertime
nU
see
part-‐time
adj
see
teatime
nC
Brit
see
1
2
also
@
dinner
also
@
part also
@
tea
lunchtime
nU
see
wartime
nU/adj
see
also
@
lunch
also
@
war
springtime
nU
see
1
also
@
spring
summertime
nU
see
also
@
summer
in
time
/be
in
time
about
time
(for)
…
ahead
of
time
on
time
all
the
time
sometime
adv,
adj
behind
the
times
by
this/that
time
for
a
long
time
for
the
time
being
high
time
in
no
time
in
…
days’/minutes’,
etc
time
waste
time
see
also
@
waste
have
the
time
to/for
keep
time/keep
good/bad
time
kill
time
see
also
@
kill
playtime
nU
see
also
1
@
play
run
out
of
time
spare
time
nU
see
also
@
spare
time
bomb
nC
see
589
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
also
@
bomb
2
time
occasion
sometimes
adv
time
nC
times
n
pl
occasions,
at
a
time
e.g
in
multiplication
at
no
time
at
one
time
at
the
same
time
at
the
time/at
that
time/at
this
time
at
times
first
time/for
the
first
time
from
time
to
time
have
a
good
time
once
upon
a
time
some
other
time/
another
time
time
after
time
time
and
(time)
again
timetable
timetable
nC
Brit
timetable
vT
Brit
see
2
2
see
also
@
table also
@
table
1
tin
metal
tin
nU
2
tin
can
tin
nC
Brit
can
tin
nC
Brit
contents
tin-‐opener
nC
Brit
see
of
tin
also
@
open/opener
tin
vT
tinned
adj
tiny
tiny
adj
1
tip
incline,
upend
tip
vIT
2
tip
piece
of
advice
tip
nC
tip
sb
off
phr
v
3
tip
gratuity
tip
nC
tip
vIT
4
tip
end
tip
nC
fingertip
nC
see
also
@
tiptoe
nC
finger
tiptoe
vI
see
also
@
590
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
toe
tip
of
the
iceberg
nC
see
also
@
ice/
iceberg
1
tire
grow
weary
tired
adj
tire
vIT
tiring
adj
tiredness
nU
tireless
neg
adj
tirelessly
neg
adv
tiresome
adj
be/get/grow
tired
of
sb/sth
become
bored
tire
out
phr
v
sick
and
tired
see
3
also
@
sick
2
tire /tyre
tire
nC
Am/tyre
nC
flat
tire/tyre
nC
see
1
Brit
also
@
flat
spare
tire/tyre
nC
see
also
@
spare
1
tissue
flesh
tissue
nU
2
tissue
paper
tissue
nCU
tissue
paper
nU
see
also
@
paper
toilet
tissue
nU
see
also
@
toilet
title
title
nC
name
of
entitle
vT
usu
pass
entitlement
nCU
untitled
neg
adj
book,
film,
etc
subtitle
nC
subtitled
adj
1
to
infinitive
to
infinitive
2
to
prep
to
prep
indicating
to
prep
until
to
prep
avoiding
consequence;
so
as
to
prep
telling
time
repetition
to,
in
order
to
–
minutes
before
to
prep
adj
+
to
+
hour
result
to
prep
comparison
to
prep
towards;
all
–
scores,
etc
the
way
to
to
prep
position
–
to
591
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
the
right,
etc
to
prep
per
to
prep
range
–
20
to
30,
etc
toast
cooked
bread
toast
nU
toasted
adj
toast
rack
nC
see
toast
vT
toaster
nC
also
@
rack
tobacco
tobacco
nU
tobacconist
nC
today
today
n
sing
this
day
today
adv
on
this
day
today
n
sing/adv
nowadays
toddle
toddler
nC
toddle
vI
592
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
tolerate
vT
intolerance
nU
intolerant
neg
adj
intolerably
neg
adv
toll
toll
nCU
number,
total
–
death
toll,
etc
tomato
tomato
nCU
tomato
sauce
nU
see
also
@
sauce
tomb
tomb
nC
tombstone
nC
see
also
@
stone
tomorrow
tomorrow
nCU
the
day
after
tomorrow
adv
tomorrow
ton/tonne
ton/tonne
nC
tons
of
…
large
amount
tone
tone
nU
voice
quality;
attitude
tongue
tongue
nC
body
part
tongue
nC
language
mother
tongue
nC
see
also
@
mother
tonic
tonic
nC
tonic
water
nCU
see
also
@
water
tonight
see
also
@
tonight
nU
night
tonight
adv
tonne/ton
tonne/ton
nC
1
too
excessively
too
adv
too
…
for
sb/sth
too
…
to
do
sth
cannot
be
too
..
only
too
..
2
too
also,
in
addition
too
adv
593
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
@
rack
tooth
tooth
nC
body
part
toothache
nU
see
tooth
nC
of
comb,
toothbrush
nC
see
also
@
ache
etc
also
@
brush
toothpaste
nU
see
sweet
tooth
nC
see
1
also
@
paste
also
@
sweet
tooth
fairy
nC
see
also
@
fairy
top
top
nC
highest
point
top
adj/adv
first,
top
vT
top-‐class
adj
see
atop
prep
1&2
best,
most
important
also
@
class top
nC
article
of
top
nC
upper
clothing
above
waist
surface
topless
neg
adj
not
top
nC
lid
wearing
a
top
top
adj
highest
top
up
phr
v
from
top
to
bottom
top
adj
upper
on
top
on
top
of
sth
rooftop
nC
usu
pl
see
also
@
roof
topic
topic
nC
topical
adj
594
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
total
total
adj
in
sum,
in
total
nC
sum
total
vT
totality
nC
all
totally
adv
in
total
total
adj
informal
grand
total
nC
see
1
complete
also
@
grand
touch
make
physical
touch
vT
make
touch
nU
physical
touch
nC
act
of
touch
vT
affect
touch
n
sing
small
untouched
neg
adj
contact
physical
contact
sense
touching
emotionally
amount,
a
little
untouchable
neg
adj
touch
nC
quick
be/get/keep/stay
in
to
the
touch
contact
touch
out
of
touch
lose
touch
touch
off
phr
v
touch
on/upon
phr
v
touch
up
phr
v
repair,
revise
touching
adj
tough
tough
adj
robust
toughen
vT/toughen
tough
adj
informal
up
phr
v
difficult
tough
adj
not
tender
tour/tourist
tour
nC
look
around
tour
vIT
tourism
nU
detour
nC
somewhere
tourist
nC
detour
vI
tour
nC
trip,
holiday
tourist
office
nC
see
1
tour
guide
nC
see
also
@
office
also
@
guide
tourist
information
centre/center
nC
see
also
@
information,
centre/
center
tournament
tournament
nC
595
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
towel
towel
nC
towel
vT
throw
in
the
towel
tower
tower
nC
tall
control
tower
nC
building
see
also
@
control
tower
nC
sth
tall
tower
block
nC
see
4
also
@
block
tower
above/over
phr
v
towering
adj
town
town
nC
small
city
in
town
town
nU
town
town
planning
nU
1
centre
see
also
@
plan /
downtown
adj/adv
planning
Am
township
nC
town
centre
nC
Brit
dormitory
town
nC
see
also
@
centre/
Brit
see
also
@
bed/
center
bedroom,
dormitory
town
hall
nC
see
paint
the
town
red
2
also
@
hall idiom
see
also
@
paint,
red
toxic
toxic
adj
toxin
nC
toxicity
nU
intoxicate
vT
intoxication
nU
intoxicated
adj
intoxicating
adj
toy
toy
nC
toyshop
nC
see
also
toy
boy
nC
informal
1
toy
adj
@
shop see
also
@
boy
trace
trace
vT
find
trace
nC
indication
traceable
adj
untraceable
neg
adj
1
track
path,
railway
track
nC
path
track
nC
marks
on
keep
track
of
sb/sth
track,
etc
track
nC
railway
ground
lose
track
of
sb/sth
lines
track
vT
track
down
phr
v
backtrack
vI
2
track
athletics
track
track
nC
race
track
nC
esp
Am
1
track
suit
nC
see
see
also
@
race
596
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
2
also
@
suit
tract
tract
nC
area
of
land
597
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
tranquil
tranquil
adj
tranquillizer
nC
Brit
tranquillity
nU
Brit
tranquilizer
nC
Am
tranquillity
nC
Am
tranquillization
nC
Brit
tranquilization
nU
transaction
transaction
nCU
598
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
transport
nU
system
esp
Am
transportation
nU
Am
see
also
@
public
trap
trap
nC
equipment
trapped
adj
trap
nC
action,
plan
trapper
nC
trap
vT
catch
mousetrap
nC
see
1
animal,
etc
also
@
mouse
trash
trash
nU
Am
rubbish
trash
vT
trash
nU
informal
esp
Am
sth
of
poor
quality
trauma
trauma
nCU
traumatize
vT
traumatic
adj
traumatized
adj
traumatically
adv
travel
travel
vIT
travel
nU
traveller
nC
Brit/
travelling
adj/nU
Brit/
well-‐travelled
adj
travel
agent
nC
see
traveler
nC
Am
traveling
adj/nU
Am
Brit/well-‐traveled
also
@
agent
traveller’s
cheque
nC
adj
Am
Brit/
traveler’s
check
nC
Am
see
also
@
2
cheque/check
tray
tray
nC
ashtray
nC
see
also
@
ash
tread
tread
vIT
tread
nC
on
tyre,
etc
599
headword
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
C2
X
treaty
treaty
nC
tree
tree
nC
Christmas
tree
nC
tree
trunk
nC
see
family
tree
nC
see
1
see
also
@
Christian/
also
@
trunk also
@
family
Christmas
bark
up
the
wrong
tree
see
also
@
1
bark
fir
tree
nC
see
also