: | INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLIED MATHEMATICS Nonlinear systems Analysis, Stability, and Control Shankar Sastry & SpringerInterdisciplinary Applied Mathematics Volume 10 dtors {TE Marsden 1, Siroieh S. Wigsae Fuld Dyas and Nomnar Physics KR Seeivatn Ee Glas, 1. Mansy Mechs ond Mats SS. Anima, RY. Kobn Sistem and Cont SS. Sasry, PS rsp Poems in cninsingcomputoal science, ad the phys and lpia Seiences asin neg spine mathe etnies. Ts th Uwigetetecen the matte scncs ab ther dps Rely a ‘ed The coesponingyincesed dal Derwen he spines ha ed toe etulsment ofthe sri: Inerdecpinary Applied Matomatie “Te pp of thsi so met cure nae needs fo te rar ton Rewee varios iene and ectalog ares 0 he oe hand od a Its one eer Ths done, econ ie way Ba athe tne maybe applied aco aa, el tie tomar new sd 'Srovatie sear of splicatons, secondly, by erent her mete dc pls to eagge ia log ah mamas cating the probes 0 eth accss metals nd sgzstimovatve developments witha athe sr el ‘Theses will consist of mangraps an hghevel ext fom mercer stosking onthe meray berween mete and ere of senInterdisciplinary Applied Mathematics Springer Deer fg ‘ende ‘Shankar Sastry Nonlinear Systems Analysis, Stability, and ControlRegs cara 8 Cael mi yen Sincere se "ad ads fas, Ca 3108 Fontes a ‘nea Ss Coane aL SR nn ong Cmte nt Eirias ‘Rina rn sy tbe do op 8 vl pe wa te [SVTGR GWA hee wnt ews say a eee ee (Grad sas ine Meee Mk At ny mesa Md ey ago ‘Rpts tan Fhe bg Ce Aegis eas GX ‘Riss aip RE rman eo arse 9 éThis book is gratefully dedicated to ‘Charles Desoer, Jerrold Marsden, and Roger Brockett Visionaries ofa new and beautiful world of nonlinear sciencePreface ‘hr ha ec 4p del ofeach et en ean ovr e en eof sew matters chigns for aye ad otal fons fone: Wines he emergence of 2 to sng ol fre smal a eos canes oe cma mia eared te doy ‘met os conpreheive Urry af onsen’ cone. Cue wi test of lye sac a vat ete ompaon power ‘le for bh malin advil foarte els {ere ipemoraon elie of ose, ane tole crea love Th echcopeal since bebo opt ofa sae td pte» weendous vey fa bles tl opens Ua ‘ele an nl way Noe col vs ave en speedo ‘Sea ign contytens oe ard telzoio dere end ‘Shan arcs pe, aoearconal lew eben leet ‘spins eng ser sng on cnpeioe os mele a "tn nap ono lavs heer ples reps an ative fil inaction ose, wel fr aoe hes Sens ad a ate ‘singe jens, mato foy eps: Blwcaan ear ba et ‘eed cain ude to ater nt ma ora ng ‘utc oat of eclatons i nostiner cciy g tal aca fhe ee cals is poruisn eter Chainer edt se he neo ain opin con iar an lng enooen ips lee ps Moree ng compose o nal farce emacs of Sone Snel et! eves hl et he Positif eink ple compte, lepton, sl earnSRN shouldbe cle fm te peeing Susoe that hee a teens teen seatins my ing weer atts posse at cue (inet iy ou ma conse, ene anew the io eta ‘Sas th und Sry fap Ts, en, te sm of ‘Sok’ T pret be ont em oe als iy, ed conto ‘line pone Theteinetts of pany bot men Hgts nt ‘Biro sow m covet ve splcans smal, apse “Tema at so ne bookie fer veo ofa ez ean cone fae ie hbk tat Thre Mug coe MT hse inch ety fom 900 0197 Tae emis er be st Seared cure + An ineodoion enc amy at ender 1 Ablnteson te ary fear stems ae ada tiasume hte eof oa el. Te nas regu ‘iy met ty Chip 7 eMae' Elmenry Casa (WH ‘Reema 970) orselarboks The near sysens sees by Cle fn Deer Lier Sytem They Seine Ver. 19) Rh Lina ‘Sem Peony Pee al 199), Cher ina Sem Tory and Dei (hat est ed Winston, 1980) or Ks Linco Son, Pec {9th et near Syston by Atlin Mil, e080 1398. Thateoevencseedin coming aloha ts bok mene ees (aS asco bn tt eee oe pskage lhc an Wa ‘Sesnpeo tea oe couse + Anata Sy and sme Nannar Cota Shp 17 pro Chap. «Inte Some Sy and None Conrad SiS ttc Caen. enya + Mathematically opioscated None Cont Course Chap. 5-7 hspplemetry eal fom Chapter. SPT sat uplenenay mail fo Cape _Ateravey is poet alte militate atoms coun 0 casos hy) sonnets los: «45 ous Sener) Cage 17 1 bor Semester 2) Chaps 13 For cholo he ur yom, 0 clasonm house ove 40 Gus (Sn beume coverup te ane mata ili eso ef 000 Atis fom Chapa 3607 ne fiend misono nent fom Che nd 12 in te eond quar A hore soa Mur ling wo gare mene can be dvd coer1. Gots core on Nolin ems, Cage 1. 23(Setone S135), Cher 4 econ 42-40) ad hap 2. Gur) ems on Nanna Cantal Caper 3 (Secon 29, {Gupert Chase, 1 endpaper “Te sracuig of aus Berkley ee emer cre, th he Antcoune fr scoodscmeter eae ens (aught pen so, te second coue cle Adrmced Tort Nena Cant fr send {ear rae es (asp ne fl) Hower wisn nena at we ‘Reenly unsere een ing cout od eoyng "ess inltin package fs he yas oe toni ystens aka get el the ose, sda Bey The mae ble ‘Ma Simeon ane ax Xai vd sinless ‘sep mae be nan ap te econ on ‘Eek ti unl he poe se fl xan ‘ime eranpies a fo ast of pera oped apn: Awe ‘onthe olo es hs bok hye te a eet end eae tent hop ant ometnes atc to eae fad thsisnce way dave no what iavery exc, deme pay ‘solng aes of ac ve id tae to tect ove yn fsb plese supe me oe sen sleet ed = ‘ects withee when ty ae gen aes aca hve ‘hoses fom ie ety domaine mechan ymca Inshnalans poner jem noninar cea rl newer ‘Saurig sen ps coool of are. oa naman, ‘Onume sm ote aa vere. Tie eri eyed ine oe ‘ples nfl te sone seme fascia at hae fore ISttweny ofl ees ah marl ant mys of mse "The mo woud te gatfl fr repr of opr fd her eres lect ough WWW pager book 12cs,borkety.0du/-sastry/a}. took ‘nbs peat it wl iid lng wih pol wn Sink Sty ele. Car Tia 9Acknowledgments nay ape useing te we be of poop om woe hls we ‘ST eras hea ns took ate parc tole om ‘ich sunt ese yc sy se etn eto ‘Pua Cue Des olan, Rops cht fr henge fe tele fo and ent st nna ym Prin Vag, Sany Mines an Pea Kotor ve been my ty (cotung est) iis nnn eestor as ll My sz hae pe me whee th at excing momen of dover ete ye ht fe wore ‘soar conte and wih scsonnip spc snd gay, ae ‘tsp erro completion oan can Behe. Bred kn, Spe Boye, Me Bo, Li Che Fu War a ade kare Zain Ping in, Sat Bes ee Cae Job Has, Ate Cl, Rich Mia. Attew Tel. Rja Kale Pry, na asl ‘Aso Sui Grey Wa, Dev Tuy Det Gabo fa ype ‘Wena asa Calor Cae oan ad Gan Paps ne as Wl So cy hs bse tat fir oem sine eee ‘et ba wih ne ad afer yet Brey and eu ho seh Propans) is rome feared is toa In Chger 10 Ty 12 “next pnedout conto la olin YN ater [Rehr Mir Dawa Try, eng ape J ype win ae dese pe “Tha book Ss ben carom tl in tafe pases by ohn ‘ae ate Univers Sou afi Rcd Mara Jor. Mar. eo Clee, Ha Dag hag sf Cave snd Ren Mee u Veen of1 Aceottenn ako vin Cae Toi at Bey an Sanfr Shr Sst ‘8 Gaps Paps ety. am exe od re pang ‘sven toe uns Cte Tmt, aye Tw Dao ore ‘Fee Yao Ran, Ph Rina Kon, os [ub fr ei pth rseding Be wars Thnk Cre Coen teher ane cing fe fire: atk Aen Daa of Sine 1 fre en manent he wri der peace mh tig wiped ‘Cotes wove wn wth: ees st new es sine tein snd pci fsh nay en eee to ase Soccer denon nue sage ‘Sdernte Pal 909 a ety tou pes ef eres nai nto hve fd memes font earch pos ope ed ‘Staearcreuts win win Anos ATP a Epa ‘a en oh Wya, Oa Aan Wily, nl Cea Vere. Soponte Ronen fr deers et pons ‘Silico! itn Richard Montgomery ny Mase nny ‘Sah me be mang bier of wtbobnane mca | tan Googe: ‘Gs ean Pt sonal Sr tm ren oar. Antes Dabo ‘SShinane Bech fr er wore mig ow serotonin ‘eng Rober ermon, Char Warn, Hest Svar, Css yc {etary wamcr inte mest Peer Cac pe! bg spa fn et inst and poet eco one cone en. ‘Tks Jo Bae Mac png, Har Me Cnc, Ges Later, Dn Kable we copa ech ‘myucrs of nninew peblem in baie See Move, Ban Anson ‘trun, nt Bob Sasa plae canis sea fata coto, "hema preted ete wl ot ve ee pool wit he 9 conse pth a ad aco Goe Meyer NASA A ‘Sharad fhe nace oro Bony sna ety ‘Spi! me nl the snes he vee Ye te mbes Wrest oe ight owt poh Cn nen Busine abe Army ‘evach Ofte be spp ny wok ib nd ‘tps one yea, whch hare ot pt oF over Mor ate ‘ifs Scns Fone teed on-ocomic me ung wes ‘ose anon loony wave me peli werd spore ‘oer no ping ar The tf pa a pre eh be ‘ing ir oks NASA er gan NAD 22491985.) NAD 21093 {Wo way ARD onder pats DAAL AB ROI (98199), DAAL Corrosion, Daarotas ase 9s 998 sf DAATION 134 {Gop omars, NSP nde go 301450 (990995.Asooltenen Fyn eral ne, wk sk my me a ie ae or ei besoin ie een, commie exe sc Sisty en)Contents ‘evident 1 Nani Mol 12 Canpleiy a Nola Dyamice i 2 Ba “Saher of Nona Syn Anis ‘Astcosnens Systems Eli Pit Siw Clana apes ‘A Onaing Carat Doe an Pl ‘He Pena Dost News “he Boek Bea: Dasa Eater The Vor Loa Peso Pe Eunos 14 Giiercisic: Masel ernest 2A “long Choe Res Dic w ini 12 Bons of Ve Sing: Doew Ral ts Suamary 2 Planar Dymamia Syms ras 22 Uieaaton hi oo Seco Sree Nonine Syme221 Leer Syma in he Pe 222. Phaeoratr ergy Ei 23 Ghsed tis of Pana Dyer! yam Lf Gating Bi ne Toy 26 reson Shy tion Sn Egos Pend Ponsa iteceon of a 29. Somme 2io Brewer ato aan 32 Murs Alga Nm Nora 33 Ganmetne sng Toren S31 lemon Sal Gain oem Sa Exes and Unigene Thorens fo ‘iat Decent Eaten SK egenene om nal Conon Go ‘none Tine ner 3.42 Cia Simulation by Wits Reaaon Dire Eto wi coi Catena neianion Degee Te ‘Dope Try Sn of Reig ins ‘Base of ite Tapa, SI ‘Smooth Moira Sic pe 392 Ting Spces aa eran. 393 Rea Ves suo 22 esti as setae Input-Output Anas 40 Optima Linea Approximan to Nonizer Sy ‘N11 Opinal Une Arona: fr Mess 4412 oti Lowa Apouiaton fo Dyeunic Noninentee: seaies Ftc Loge 4.1.3 dusieaon a he Destine Peon 42 Input Sut 43) Aplin fe Sa ai Therma veeks ERdaa seaaneey rd 1 10 1B us 1‘Steen 3 Mp Sy fcr Ss Se lpr bapa Suny AnyfRec yes iat tetare bi 2 hen Operon TT" Monogarom Poona ner yi 412 Nurs mpi ii uae £13 Feguy Bron Reet ote st Sop Brans 3 aoe Spent 3 alton ST Lieb Gann Csr 53 ase subg ore of ape S3Y Seay tie ont 532, hes thewenr 533, brane oo Agaion yanmar Tera S34 age Tees 4 Later iarnce Prince 53 Genemanno Li ec 3 fawe Teoxne 35 Shot rnc fining Sime Sn Aveeno Lar ys 572 Qumaae Lge Panton ora Stee Ss 32 Tet dt Sto. Simmer si eae or feaea aan 2 Thelare tion chan ign Cite 1 here ene 622, ThePopn Comm 63° SoqucPeraeice 51 Nong Pio, on Coc nd 64 Dynmicot None Sys in eh641 Dj of Nntinar Cicls 682. Dysamesot Pore Sens 7 5 Adapiveteieaton of Single pu Sage Ou tinea ‘ine aaa Syn 6S in ener Si 652, Parner Enor Comergee 69 Aare sn (65 Basco Arachis lo. ares. Dynami Systensand Bitercatins 1 Qualiane Tea 42. NonoarMas 73 Clo ris Poi Mp, Feed xis 132, Te Poor Map nt Foed Oseilons 14 Seca Sb 13) Siu Sue Te Dinca owe 16 Cer Mand Teens 1a" ConerManfl fx ows 162 Cone Mafl fx Roma epedingo Partrs 763 Cone Man. fr Mage 17 cation of etre A ation 1 Binion oui of Vener Fei TAL Sind, Sipe Zo gene. A2 Pat nagnay Prof Epos Fina. Anova ap Biron 79° pitaton of Nags 191" Single pena i: See Nd, Trial sd 192 Single ipeae “(Pca 793 Par Comper gel of Mos Naina Seer Bifraon 7110 Mere Conte Birenlons of se Pei nd Mage 7101 Bienes of Hguis nd Fine Poe atstopb Tey 11102 Sings Perartasone andy Bevo of Ses 11103 yea Basten: A220 {111 Romeo Chis wd Complex Dui 12 Bares Bass of Dita Geometry AD gen ace 26 36 a os n Bs »111s, Le Bk an Le Ales Datos wd Caiatnces Marc crupe {MAT Maa Li Giaps a Ti Lic lets 2 Thekapmenal Mp 13 Cane! Coors oir ic Grips {44 The Canpbl- Baer Hane Formula 15 Leeann Creo! Syzen on Mas Li Grup 51 "Boner Set uses A Como sem on SE) 152 Thee Norman Fl ree 86 Sima inearzton by State Feedback S21 pat vis eiasin 922 Zo Dyan orIS0 Syae 923 tern and na rekon S24 ops Sinn Tg i 93 saMosyuens 93.1 MIMO Syston iol by itu Feb S32 alle Liars of MIMO Syme 933 Dynami Benson fr MIMO Systems 94 Roms Linanaon 93° ‘Siang Mow Conte 951" SISO tang Mods Coot 952 MIMO Sng Mae Cones 362 The Byer ier eplaar 97 sare wear Emr Dyes 38 Samar Desig Esme sng Linearization 101 tnaoton 102 ‘Teel an eem ean 1021 Dyan 1022 cap Ope Lovin. 1024 Aperoxinae inp Ou Lseriaion 1025 Swe Cool fe Bal team Ses 29 36 3 aS aS a Bt SI103. Appoint Linon fr Noel SISO Sytem TO Tekan fo Nomen Ses 14 Newnes Cnt Toa Foreans Mamet Gorn 1042 Sinpifeaioe + Pas Asc 183 Bum pt Opt nears of FVTOL ‘Ate Sysem 40.4 Apwouinae Leeann abe PVIOL Aa 105 Coml of ipalyNonmininam Pe Sytem {031 Shale lp Sage Out (ISO) Cue 1052 Gemtacn MM Syme 108 Siu erated Zoe yan fr Relat Po otic Seome 1061 SSO Sina Perna Zeon Drie Duis 1062 MIMO Singaaty Ped Zr ad Deven Dynamic 107 sana 108 Erect Gamer Nota Cott Conta Cones Dutt Conse Sem Stening 0 Dai Fee Nomolsans ims Seeing Me Canal Syma Using Sic 113. Grrl Mebods or Seetag Si Power ecto 132 Opi See of Neato yet 1133 Steaapwin sows Conta ep 113.4 Geng Sys wn Da Obst Cone ‘aro Dyrams Alpi sd Genre Nol Fo tepr Ouat apanone fo Noi Sens ‘Cote arn Datibstes sod Datars Desig 1110 Senary ‘err Dire Systems Cant [ET aicson 122 nro Exes tc Stems 1321 Mabe Ags 1225 Serer iti Ses 123, Namal ere TRB The Gort Noal Fre 1232 Theme Pate Sem 2 oS 3s = 36 so 6 361223 ‘esol Gouna Nor Fo a 124 Goel yene os 133. Sema es 26 Boe o OT “Etc Cote ad fed Se sn 132, Multan Senedd yacce so Inter osStandard Notation ‘Te lonag nto sed an is wed treapou ext. be on ‘Bard ston eed woes ordeal ead nee ie Site A wor stout te nen ene: Nt alu we mb ba ‘Sm tat re gue etna. Toes nes Ropes, Co Ins, Leama, Dens Example ae med conse inthe ede ‘wich ey pyar nl yal umber Th ex peed ah ‘nphared ot the er li, posse peal oe ‘ery hey renamed iid ol eae tet aes wea end (ache anual eed conecuvey degen cee ‘crane isthe orcas option, Prod ne te ‘Se symil Oo denares ie po! fom be lion et Pines ‘epBat spent tee ie a8) See ea ne Ii tet alin cate amen | 2 Statues i Algebra N—sofamonpe pe i032.) got ieper nae.) CAC) totem sue ei Oa, ‘eens main ss jsp gia cmp mks | Gn eciner 3 we te poplin sal so ‘tarts ppiin nas ts nan ig ee An < es pln rhe Geng a fn t retd Tts (Beso) Tau ft) > sors sat and 09 fos bps se 2 chs tow neadvertc enn papal One srs ie a ao ‘ehrsntalnsanedlf =f) ote verte, Tx bli cing "tne creed wt tere pce ot ean one Sn bitty Theraionnon ctineny repel eatery (Ste wea sand ng Os merc efor te neg a etn fe pop eu to ene ‘nc. teternbolgy sedby elas npc ne netacel ms ‘Sicoccmem: ONF pord mera ateraoomprnaent 1 "We wi amie cos of ang hg of oe bane witout eng cpp e geo cr 6) fr ws 0) 9 Oh Be ais ot ‘eh fy pple odng te eo an eee fd. [ir cannes ti comespods orcas pars ne fen a, sTrecweo sh ‘iow moments reacton vent ifr youre wil make ice at for O.Sh.e Ie aphot f nove omer dope le = Bat ‘decane y= /) bestow the ie y~ nee edo 0 ‘Benarmily a hein sop. This cresn fo eusin Wc ‘peli sot srympealy ak of date fe We now nese bight of toma LA 1 Came ese of pre shows he pal of eening he oS dee ine. Noe tf ‘Se yopasion neve tsar te rn poi wendy tere iat {elnanecion pb = fC) = ynober wide be econ ‘ec yi ane. As ety th apa fr yoo al. ‘rz i oon mate how sal hey comers ot TEqsc Thon sade oui plan eto pputionOUR 12, Opi lio Sint yen iio wale. The aur vale of wich seo pops be mr ule hy = 1 sald ept in id tte sae poplto ‘ae atincdonathgenty “Tum ath =2 he ion pit meso hee ie of he ap serie. Theewe )oh< 1+ vo—3.00 Insane mp een Sartell xpernenation Showa wien ie lee he anton feat tsn pit boaes ‘hint neve me pec ss am or egal o I tee Peto how oa in ie | Aad, ig Lt ws be ‘Spec thr, demon he nat fh ened 3m ee ‘Thee A call» pra dain fc Pl. eid 2 i ‘ek mentation choc open cobb Fg ang opin temaing tween ro ase 22 iter pe 2 ipl abla alana ini opus ‘colwanssmpnsc atom faking btoeen Be we ale snd ‘Aer way of unsdng te ea by xan the yams etwesep evi sel sya = £00) = FO) a12 Camety ine Dice 7 oK| oe PRE. sige oui ‘efor fenton f°) = fof) Oa, f camped wh J (crtatecofeed wehbe nga at uted Se ef way ‘Sooph as show Fe (5k aque oa nc mec when ea ie pair ar tht he 4 cere et ho hued cae of Fite in ‘hep fr b> 3 The mien seen oe pod ‘Sin, sich now anal ine sel al pops mt eat) ld way ro (say ied rp) oma eo sonra Prem Aor at eh Sep ‘ecu fer the ses of eatin (10, To he ea ‘ames be semot (14) seme bing otamping aut thesysten of (3) aa mae vl he emo Petey 2 ne Tirene 3.49 ay Abo! fend) =o fra tena eter sin a eit p Below = le ample tolrnehe defeiens atin sample 13 Pendulum equation, The flowing euton mete dna [sofa pense nth rc * Inthe eins ispmporiona onal damping a eng ofthe ‘endl The tes anon et her pli se. neo, han nhs — bya).12 Comply Nao Dia 12 1 ie sem (19) manna, ten feting he equliian pins coven save new agen f0)=0. 010) (1.10.my hve nso, set sions ra conto flan the ano, sung sion x= 01 ema Ai oingle fA sings, tn ‘ha scminsum dees nent el ce A Defined gira, An eu poi of an exoamont ‘oon (09) ete treet none 8 > Och a hr mo oe? ton pot nt Bl Bay) ~~) = 3. “ophe th eden el fr be mao of cnr ws, ew tow fet condos fo be eines of soled els aye of {hea (3) can gen The ro wile one e aes (215°) ‘Soop snc wih one The re dep mae cml in Gap Avs ty ancien pt.) al eee lint ycs) en fonon Ge finn urs conten lean “Dian ee nearanon a aaa = Lane ee Ay) at Prpelon LS Sfcint Condon fr nated Hua. Comier aC? ‘Dan (19) wth nin pay olan inearson A). Tm (VAG) wowing ron led piri, Prot Sine A) iseoegla eeexiss¢ > Osh a latest =e ankesince fs) Ce ye ows Tal srs abuts = a F068) = fla) FANN mO-+H460, CAD ‘see fas) m0, ne ix aneurin inert Ai —20 “Sitheremsnirrn ihe mole guns cbcunphe Oem {eet oe years of rere tm 28 Me feal 6 aun) "npn a sana ete rc; Iasi (3 hn a ee > Oh Wel o We Bb, Mh comps he prot, ° Remar Te coniosof be pecdig roan se uc bt nt rece ft Us eee fala euler cpl eye asian Oat te gla 0 ich onl ei Honee, ‘econ ofthe renin a gt in ce athe cen nliarsyems ich teed outa when hy ae sgl lnm ne flowing nd fread of Sane = poplin. Ire uber ooo rope, te mer tse oh nh ae Pine hab, Tepe. niancrinuctopen tdi etimind dence 1.3 Some Classical Examples ‘iris numberof cs nd single xa of weed ‘ron, th ve Bsns inet Bete ioe for ay ‘josed oy ted, we wl ce neo hen bey 15.1 The Tanne Diode Circuit ‘single cei exalt fl for aig en xp of ct with ulin Comer ic te ose cent Fie The cqesom ‘cet bie om wig eo lone =a este =o cag wih Fray hw ape oe dca an Coston aw ped ‘becapcter ae ic ate) Hh 7 ne as)Hoe Can tnd er ie ea pcan ntti ast ‘Spey ed Bsa for wy age. Te ny oes elem a ‘Gece te ame! de wath chaser). Scop = vveaion (a) oes octet ine) The laf ie cet ae i yet Sec he verand uae antes sly wen = cand te = B~ Ri ‘Coating ese wo enim gave = ER (cl Teuton maybe ‘ced ppl hownsn Figure 19, The sive caress mel {ida bee thumpepan lowed ymin pment. town be ae ‘ST susan he Spare, ie ei, woo en oe ol ‘ecg, dpeniig one vee of lesan comespendng (Shoes opal on anise” ste at eral persion of ‘Pere molnw cree wae on eter one sso "nse hough exeinet of ieting de vlage ang be cect eit Fr tal ales of Et guia ce flows de ‘Such be chur of unl de lB = Ea wc oe {hac isnlmgeanxtaom ten eet go chante tere \Sencontengttrach of te hare, Now Oe voge edd em ilstay on igh beth uct E~ Ba veh ‘Rai wil inp ce th ht ht buch The stern he eae ‘sin i qua enriches of ale ye, URE 8 then inate in ct ny ee ft13.2. An Oscillating Crest: Due to van der Pot oni ipl RL. elt of Fg (10) with ca Land Cad tole es wie obec ete) witha > 0. Wik ‘se esas hone be nt cet male wage ee ‘Spader lhe, ao {A saan town we 11 rvs te eu poi he rn nate nds sounded mie Al sone ales {ger comere ts i eee If ret se he ref ‘hanes in he ine pre € i rly deen Ta exten al ‘ale of be caacan, he hp of he tine a aro ie (1) coring fo ene face and we slow pee Ts he tag ora sealed ane mle ie, wih at pss the ejay spsening tuo fewest ite The et at ‘sale an kt engi an et Pol who prpey hap at the cea was apse oil, tcot he en reste ce (Gigi pct with bok an ong ino en ron he) Teron v nd and pss’ eon neater agen ‘Om way oder eat spent han Plein fal ing of ope oame Sa ren» Ones (9) iri ws ‘hash eson pnts most of ine spent whee =) ne ven uns Ga aks an sain se) om oe of ea ‘cater nee oy Spnpan dated13 Same Ce Bang, 17 ee Se GURL. Te eae peat ea ct 135 The Pendulum: Due to Neston Cini pen of Figure 1.13 singing under pity. Asn ht Teg ofthe feat ti as a as m enced ep ‘Ease damping ned nec wth ping efi rom Slenenary mechs he ono af mtn of te etn ie ‘m6 +b + mgs) =. 08) CIO easement de pnbion ide vee Spctaone oft etre of hs yam ye co phase Plo ae ‘Bela coing ot evarblen thine x pict pare ls ‘Sl eke nso seme ats ret del of ie deb pap ‘eh fo pterang pose pane prs by band, bat wih he ent of ‘hrlatonpctges an ca yo peerings pe pret by ere they eg te slang dll eens oth Fer ‘karo ine fo fleet nal canons Some prey le fctage hat smal eer ae line pres we DSTOOL wl ExOS (13S pe pe fr be coe te camping dae shoe logue 14 structive oud ees of pase prs, Fico te ait pie: These ee os which hata srry fo {ie edn he evn co Te ui poof ste best ~ 0,6 = Saw. They ae al ied dsp ny ‘Shuts Aner aking chance eta he pe pore pee19 See mp1 ‘he 6 dino with pr. This gin it nt aig, ges that he ight ‘i de fhe efron equton rp he ale wh ped 2. Fat. h eur poo ae senounde yvonne of es ‘ar cud ets ones ern is in ete pce, ee ‘eraleqesinenatonshowstthe led obs oe eager ee ‘agony atom perc way fom gun pone oe parry ‘es ejector eae oming hwo ade, ch ead Sar Thao) covrpnd pene whe phe dpe foe ‘Suit ponien 9 =~, 9 =O else peau bie pe ‘ery at ng gh 0 = Om cup oer pai pat Sigh ie ener rn ener. Acoaly. cee aioe ‘te ent we pene arse nah pod 2 isin ‘enh lace prof (0 po sae spe hat ina ee @ ‘rile les nthe sal (0,2) wih end pos Heted a sown Inlgye 115 Now tat ons ar sce, the puns 8 = and m= ae ‘Heal Aba enone abot ram ola ote eda ‘Sood by af cased obs a ineasog ange ad ening ‘feeeny. Te tty Jang he soem (0) oe suet. 0) ‘ch eo ep ai ea wt as amor ge ant ‘eb us ute ogee maybe hog ofocenttng ia priced ‘2s Th np euler ole em ‘hweneniontatiwset miipeeuliiiumponn peed ct, nan of erode ot nan aes dean ere coe ‘Site rn of he perl ower sae ome afta, hh bas ‘tees ont rbdleed a “Tse howrop sera ober cere wl In Chapter say ‘ae vern of throm woo aang ih cot ees ‘fans con cian Chap we stunt conten ote Caen ins og era nc orn ‘may prose ssa an au py a al owe ‘Son rlorel ote se Gaon ego 134 The Buckling Beam: Due o Euler Comite following guliaive ern of te ets fail nang on ‘Sorel bar ance When eal a eal he bare Sonpessd utc sunken, en ear aed ‘sone candles wil tack for Une shir lot, Smet When psa on Som ow ft hide ‘lesa at eo shia uae osu a ond mahemaes ‘el ie ker [286 fr expan of ale’ al misde—artaree =o an)unin ini he sd ties ear meine the peeing xml heh Pew somes te Soe ler ban fen ie Apa lnm cs rt oie ie each of ese comes so fpoemrarely deca eens aay fem he eqn pi vad te [nimple Someone kei ran sown he aston Arnhem tothe backed ie wl pa eaten pre [Soweis ia Te we seer quate fens be as ponra ‘tte lng at hehe ped eam These aes ‘feconman tana sem ati yen of es ct) Gatvwie “Te phse pra Hane yma tarry oui pie nant by acm of ced aso popes ng an ge tine eo) of thew a lp eli pos, ati comeing ‘susan pt to hmstesThegaeofhebring a eed {She ie upd Dag ogunn. ir arc ol wh pes She pe pref Fgwes and 16 whe see npn eee “Sem he cess te Hama), 4 > Oa gun (1.1) a8.) (Ceatem (19) Prem 0 enles emao een pndan wi gnc tle the eed eamscenes 135. The Volerra-Lota Predtor-Prey Equations Messe ya sty of he ition of e poplin of et sal fi be Ada. Ct Vip Volera poe te flowing ne fr ‘ovo ton fo pe yl ee 9 ~h, cu) Hwa. uallpstve a he pops 7 These optos lle Em oie Ba heey mips oy ea mae he rm a) sideasin propor ue erat alo to ‘up The weir ppalaon snus ree sara opr o ‘amb of eres ncurses ¢ opr, sd the umber fe fa tats soa 2) over. oni ht ase ae opin ie sah ‘Howth bistrisnodiedurnganatictntn Caio, Asoisets see ‘soem vere gal ang re meng Sede ghen in te rer as srefnem aro A epee pe Poof sem pena ge 18 Oder cnaos cose see esr vas fe prance, te Vly Leos pcos erful sabe eli opie, Te a aplred [3 execs robles |-11) np Prem 13 aos Noe ‘ob hel ito erating14 Other Classics: Musial Instruments ‘Te theuy of rac syste nes re el he ssa msl ie ‘an bean by Ce, esc aad eae Maple, as ‘toed an conse enlisted Rayo natn ened The ‘her of Sour” 24), pared muse ntoument i oc 1 Reason ramen sch eo, tc tot whe al {amped oston + Sone omnia ig i he le by ‘Wil emo te Stl enero ome of nai ty cp ae er yen arg al 141 Blowing fe Clarinet Reed: Due to Rayleigh hi carer open ‘ee efatof be claietis modeled needing tr cote it hand he te orate) ite, 8 > 0, tng eaten eal {tpt ping righ This conposie al te or snake? +r 020) ‘eset yams mode fore anedslton elon clare ed ‘heh arte show Figure 19. Thee ve tonto Ine ure The coin te le oespends tok = Tea = 1B 1. Te ‘ulin pan ae a nae eds jer cemergeta one lini eee Lats coser be maontpetwen he rats of Oe Nose An sand che Sle Astro dd yi sg [rer The nemo mice comepds ote sone = 3.Ta lint cle tac asonet ie shape an te ne (nie of cre ober Blowing hast mod met roc chat jsrting Sand ressingt =I Then te imi ce ete eros i ‘Set age nd hd a Be dase Lowe 142 Boing of Violin String: Due to Rayleigh A mail oft tring of sig propose by Raligh a mecha {malogeconssing of 4 3pm-mn se sg of eee el evi ‘aceosan ely bash ne are (120 The mse of he unbowed Sng snc hespring ns sem dhe wig sodas ange‘See bonne nceres " FROURE 2 Te mec wap fe vgn ne by having» ison cacti Rensselaer el at Ie cn or aii Te fon fone beteen he comeyer et ae ‘ql frm sown Fig 0, The euninso eye are given by. Miyhes f6—B an ‘Tecate syste ie =f) ktsusben ‘herr ht sl conn dw to ees Svante Ps para ‘fag 2 The pe patio einer in et ch (Set ws our dat epne wih be oll se ners: 1, Siching. The Htc tte comer se eto ee mates Spring ce. The vectra eal oh vey ft meg ‘tc Tne oc sik te cover eh and moves ora 2. Bexina sip. Te ing ben etd sce rat he co ‘eek lsongenoghis case elk ota ping Tals eineURE 121. nin ining sig dite ia cadiot Fee ences in ci fe. Heth azeteaon becomes gai a 1 Sinn. Te nen op fon ca by he mst of sping vis thetpaf ari eng, caning eck pee coven ‘eames epee ey bosons epee ok ar moving toaele 4 Grin Wie he tn! sion of Be lok ta demas be srng fice wt value m sien sign ton he ton 9 Ueto ane veloy sare gg posite When eve race Corie yous simaton at iia onion ing om ey ssccomeretsinscpl lisse pao estos tase ig ‘ay be bode ty songs ang wt scene geal tone rene ‘theme A wo cuca fe on oir bey of ‘ee wil concent aoeder one. 15° Summary Ins chap, weve sn eet of mans bavi reid ys liner det eens a cee eutane To warp forth so ‘dma en tw be ser in capers cone, me ese, by way a expla codnt for he exes fwdoa pilin. The ogi ote coseatr ld sing nti a of phys ‘Gipbeomen wel Hee we heed gv secon i oe Inga clsal exons Weeneuge ede‘ yap at covery inte natn te sat para 0 iay wilt ool ‘sgecaly inte two deriva ee ‘See nelle flees we Abra Sh (le nd Koa (16, igi FH ra Sa a An Neyo Span 229), Ceckesiner a lone 22 16 Exercises Problem 1 Alera eshte map. Find be aso eid comet he pate map of 2 (19 ae em Fn te ansfomatin from yan ann betwee hand ‘Problem 2 Compatisgthesguaretetof2. Your in loot god ‘Sprints compete he gue ot acne map Do you Beliveau, eam use oi fenfios Do you ge ok he ute a ot? Probie 13 ls snete eve cmos or execs of ines ferns senso er (1.1) Ine et o£ 8" bsp Se ait an teat ped fei le FT de ‘te egutn hat se hal stan ee neces tc eons ‘ert ene of ch eee of he anal of Fb, show i be conn ae sae, tare oti oy ing ‘ton ou he dered Charts sel oye Problem LA, Cone the ne han fton of (1), Dan te Sia ‘yan eo stp enon a ston, Now deen he si ‘he ofthe preter wc pra int le eu by ong ‘uiriom poms Neetaroqan point fila teqas Fos of Tha your oki or eparneer alse whe etn Paar slr. Determine eae ft gies The kc value fat wich te ped? etl ape tw ka he np {Pe tecomes no amped Ep ht eh aan Sra ing is pion‘Problem 1S Period 3 pine, Cons he on ap eution of (3) Find (evar oh rik har apr spon Ta ed eal of or phbdceens So ccc 8 f0)— flo Problem 4 Renter sos he dei of be dai oe ope hap omy visto ay eer srinalpeper Ll Ye 2] ore tot nthetoak of Devaney a, ‘rblem 17 OnetHamp Map Game, Conse be dice ine system ote chin a tarely ses =n = Fe0)h <1 alte fp of he agony =, Anddeunise char eube on wheh seule fey) ett Pd gait pis Show hat L thy = etemie the pe tera faest of For a ge, rogram sore ‘earl oral compara hand eo al enone Sung nt sy Wah te seq wade l oy eter ‘sce se pl al eons eaesnedig pei Sto Problem LA Ue your fori sinlston iets sist eds unin he cng amauta, te er Lta rear ey i, ‘Be Rall eqeaon a von det Pal eqanon wih oneal fe pares ‘fe equss beng ed Writs mallsueoto rm smaanoset ial cotnsand other ase am. Then. kant om you "yok fries furs pase pores How Go You kno wee {ook fr pit luton How do Joe a nse aio it? owt se Wit redo raha ete a Probl 1. Cmdr eis of he es a he ting bam rely (6 (117) ih poste mn ny dang Uses aerial ‘Slaton pcg om pane ora fre wo cs Wh haps the coe fim lean te i cneting he ae? Te he portato Figur |22s tat of he danped tekng eam eqaon with BST2A=Od=03 Useite simalaeyursmapinton! rable 110 Coser te pil snr coment end of ge 14h pig d > as the pean rate nd mages of ‘mel soegd bow Fg 25 rhe bt he we of eng ‘te endaam.Cojectar spray ot ry easy dee te ons ‘ony with se pri of on ig ok i.e ptepi. How al a mally he model hae cers came = Seay ste oman ppsaon eer) bien LID Predator Prey withlied growth, The ers Loam! ‘.9) ses ime wth he py ces be pers ae oe ‘ect, ool ts (overrode is mse mel ‘Sowing te sewn of he ey foto the sie of pres bas {eats term i shown ow A saa omen foe pec Pepa geste ri, an te compa eo by tah, ‘ays glia his tem any sila for vr asf he panera, bed hsm, Problem 1.13 Yoerra-Lotia generale mote mig era {iad ce emia e aens ay aaaMis.y, soynen, “ink sow wht sina geet M,N sold haven ote fhe ‘cs to mel rrp shatter Pe Seen dno we rom wig te cave 9)" af) = 0) SEG) Nea) =o tiny Seca ete ly {uae tape of he etna opel vlan he fur rein ‘ey dawns hese shove ne nine or cee fl ey orlaons sols populates 20, en for enone of Prod soles Sine hese sone pees eos M,N Probl 16 Competing opens Let yal mde eon sont wo camping gece Weil nate ase fees Nd of Fern dyamicerthe.Let aby ponte sre and dpe ‘Seung’ youl rowan ly repese te cmetion Spe | tse eps anc vo Tas ne ba a2») fae 20) Find lhe ion pos sth ple pe prin. Ty eral ths eamgle hei eo he ae whe he ih ae fete peste a7) ay) wih epi pee 9Problem LIS The SR Latch, The fue (24) shows dale malo 2 Sf RS Rese ine Antu hrheNAND pe ssi ea at ‘SRareteth heh rpms inthe fete ary) th NAND ‘ues Re svar Leth ae bls sr ee vag on cpus aw prone se oa swing ee is ‘ike ye Tw of her ae th fe oe dtp er ur eh ‘What can you ot eh2 Planar Dynamical Systems 21 Introduction bate provi chp, we si seve! sexless (2 ‘eso mone jar ss. We alo tha oe smc ‘Jem can sow meng ad se bho snd ht i gra ‘frei sen ag soa slow fone fered eqs Beene ‘edeang oeles oe tlng pineal ees meatal ‘chine we i fist) semgrus bt ead aon he a Io pla dase! sss th sons Who Ste vals We i em-ngrus ee we ve ot et genres ates cons ‘ober which tes of diel eats has» wie son ml he tty bl opm ctype: Tse athe Frasier Cue “The sy of pla yumi ate nergy fr ine sinc bbe lar dyamia yer oar sn So co ‘mcrcam rat del of be arta ey of wt dame. Te nation aed nh say wl orm ebro he peel eyo al ‘seme wish me wil evo i Cage 22 Linearization About Equilibria of Second-Order ‘Nonlinear Systems ‘he say of oor sens in he lane epi with» yf ie and he Nos Gey be nif enon) ihr! he lb po One an are ea bat eae Doe322 Pm Dy ym smear ems e vty of eeu oi oma mayo hei peton ate eulian oln Couey ew bp ih) of ‘Beye roofer in pe 22 Linear Systems inthe Pane ‘snr Pt ying non sytnne ae e faAe, eR en iste sche egenaes of 4 Rel at nad re system 2.1) whe { laed subom poatike rig tsbal ne n eee e Seg. Now, usr sity mnsforaibe T°", at emis he Hs fr ei. Ainge ete testator = Ta the sar stom ite frm ‘etn ge i i ee + alms ae lea 2 ih ye Rr in te folowing formulae he toi ewcen {is Sindy einige fom he orale nine aie fre yen aie a-(s) an Fg 21 shows hepa oma forthe to cts ht yy < (ed able nod sey =O = yee ad) hing ee ‘inegnin (23) Bs fer bot se es wih tol aiflawce beg that exponen spose fo he tte node este parable cre) ‘Sinan rete (esa nhypetl ene) show Fe Zi. Thearoes ning Ue popes of tine re ered he eed Sa Soy ermeseeemre ‘lees scat! ih conpes enone w salons fT. a See al Enea22 Linares tou Hind ke Neer Syme 32 Note saste LIKE SW URE 21 he pi orem tse ie sree Simla fo, The bende a pracy le yams Alte {apt ey te nin, An wale node comeing oe ae fia sy > Oe eq inp manic, A ape eof {tevlghbonte oft ap etpnenialy (eran on cat a ‘sss ten toe npn inven ie or ae so). The ‘he pal te ae at oe sable neo Fgwe 21 bat th {eat ne eve The, era be gecesi wih {wveipenlo Tey we arated be Now of be ese at ‘jt trtg oe y's es on te es ese. ‘Totem sl spray cate th descpon fe ames (sa egitim pit whch has oe poste (nse) ad ne negative {Gato inl The ny nal conse src ein Symptcaly ase nth ah te bow fee) Alte il ‘onasoe deme yma loge yeti desenbe by G3. Sou when iy =O heeateum ot stl sie (Thnk tot ‘emo he ein sae esi your dy ling all. ‘arbi fom feet potion er sade) Ine gal x coon, Se prt of ie 2a ey hy no fad ance lao Dtecen + and nem sown ee 1 Soe rept igemale wih ono ener Ince ot fem) tage ha er lea en on “Tica rea in aon of he fom 20) nue tance 0 = tneHl 342. Pm Dnt Sem tre it yeni # hrm of etl n he phase eat ‘SoweeFewe2 Sandi phan’ | i “That te jor comere woe igi an Fg, at hey 20 sore comp hon Thi ind of an eas fre tm proper | ‘Sled (rnp improper nade) er» 0, pope nose fees ‘San npoperwublenadeinburcme he ate pte so | ‘ite egewale and ire Howe he tes arnt | ‘sexed the ft at jens eae a nt fase ora |er 22 Lmao At Ege Scent Oe Nene Sens «+ Conlt atof egemaus ‘iteuh te csr te in, eles waoratin mai Tie ‘Repl he A mart ana be apne owe, loan frm [3/] ' i meena stnnpinng nate Gon cri, Inthe sions he egeon ae ‘The phe praia ow ayo Vai The gla able @ ements ‘Tabla sans audi ste Seon soe {nicole aoa) Alan be ject al ita mad ‘Spnifa «0 fnuichesete equi trfarel ose se oes When Evecare spa wns am he igh quo ale an ‘bijou frogs sane ne bet of aa ‘oti andheoalbeum fered ars cover gue shor sable ison acete Whee pe orn te rial x ors, ‘ivoed rine oe ne le362 Mase ym Sens 2.22. Phase Portraits near Hyperbolic Equilibria ‘he it es feo nr os yn ate tay lin ins Conse ellonng soso onl xe ss en ees bean sla giro poit of (29, Ar we dustin Cher ‘oem at fit) = fit) = and eens» Osach ht ree ‘soot eu ins in te al By, ) cen yf as Prt, wm jooetare| 2 2 |yewe w= Beo=| 3 2 omer te te action mai of tart vse Sl a) ‘banc tecem af Hann md Goan eb hl he ase pri of ‘ere (resemble of end yn ee Ale an tne of eigen A awe fi Sock lio pis ne ‘lene a pert epi A pi se a the are fos ‘Theorem 2 Harimas-Gron Theorem. hina fie ten (2 namely AC) ft nose rey maine ten re es 1 homeomarhi ha Comat map wth tic nes) fom sehtorood Uo io tating ajc of he stom 28) and mapping thom onto ht of 27 In ara Mg) = Farr th homeo pan canbe conn preset aametersatony tne ‘Teoh eo eon hope of hich sone amas cine 1. Recl fos elestay aay ht honcomopon a ono ‘Sone and ano map wt anos mere. T te Harrod) ‘ear ass hat spb connnt) defor al tors oe ota sien 26a he jets o 27) Wat a sig ‘conan of rts ina eight o pea tienen) {iets compute homenmorpi hfe ose Hence, rime) inert histaem Score ives asesf eral bor22 Late Att el Seon Or Nei System 37 othe am at gen ai ya pts ee {ecu hat ecard spe se libro po ‘elongation: Delton 22 Flom The st of he stem (2.6) at me arin om ime cae he owas dated by) Usa is dein, he Hanme- Gran eae ce Be expe ws flows tfe Uc Rand) € Uden ae) = #49 aw ‘he ght Maite he fw of een syne (20, srg on ‘heal codon As) tine Pe psig etn ats oo Se tjeory of C29) sy ie By) and Romane his ‘omnits eter ome be nna epatn bt ne ‘Sythe sarflow ea penn) se Egos 28) 95 son =n, 4. Thelaman Gan dren tate que ropes fener ‘ens tnte vi cleus Semin iineanon I belinearaaten tc oir te fw 4 Went imarsasenhasaneigemsue ue gh en elearzsioa re (Stutrcrncm fs conin fen Howes patente ‘pau y cry ates cn eet Al, hg Skala vary tty dering nt hp oder tar em. The falonng emp stows wat can tage whe ne an ena a uample 23. These | scalar te with ingle wiria pot a 0. The tno of thse ie aon # al mona onion tnd a (earl tm wth nario and be sige uri a Hove on negate la conitan comers ori ‘Th when ezrin sagan erg he inet ‘ncosiein ening tear o e oines=m ‘5. Whom iesaion sso pales one joan elation Fret he for be tighter of he un po semeM42 Pampa See ‘he Gow wound a ots. However, the eink ten my ae ries ater pn owe te ipo ey fH eosin (hie Hp eer sna tre Tus he ean enone {2 deeming te ganine thir co oe ear pt Te ‘lowe exam ser example 24. Comer th nina tom ‘he naar sytem has gas) bt for > Oe som has i rjc pling 8 he oi che sn) on for «= Oe trafic Thik abt hoor ove se rm Bri eae of) amor ‘ye ean) simporat yoann wht be Haart hoe es We aan en euro pot saad i cnn oe ‘Seem rssh igure 25 Able at th he sane homeo opel wate fe sone sum tho he era Sxhadehmoneghan bdectcttrahen oe cman rem Wit othe igen of tern corer? Fert iar (21 hy ceeds egeaer whch a ‘Sito bey ote ect eqpice@ swede nde reon ‘econ, The nea ye (20 sobs “negara ane iva mats ote tonearm of mace "ee {ite ning at te mani ae, Int lange he ip ‘Sth eased yey Toma moe pes, cn be flowing ay a lt 098) PGURE2S. harming Hanna Gb ore "Apa pt tien mm wl grin Chg 3 rom ik sults agit cre sage22 Lactntin A pio SeenON Sens 39 etotone Wrap = HU 0a) + a+ oh Wiad = fee U pe) + soa a oe (te flow of (26) ing fo (0) = 5 te neon othe Se be) ane tng fem 2) = tine band Uta cp ‘Pijeet ofa eins U tat comers oo fo, he te {= Wo) refresh fon ‘hohe anseable te Be ef codons wih comers at 12'S Abana wean mane ere neu hon ‘beeltnam oot sgt (als elevate iene ‘be foal), ne noe! ae oni Yersns fe desc ‘St cle eect he rabe mran’ manol nd ule arom ‘monolith T ne wil Se i equi a ype te eter mel ners (sno sow etc ‘he wehave mache lohan te, il develep ant of ans ‘ncuper) pe show be earthen tec wae ‘ieee henna sts dW" Ce) a) se sy THe ‘ince of be inert tangent 0 W" Ce) We) “The ings fies WW oe he econ eds mot ats boyd el mae epson Gap, We ‘Team ohn Char. For som he rseding acu tl “erningie terre hettc egal ens ‘Aste bowing ene stows gaatve Seti ef WW" ae So ‘Sein deeming ome past pe pore sample 25 Untred Dating quton Conde he scooter . = a192, Pe Dyce rite n pas plae om as eo ‘Thelin pot ar, (4, 0) The aban oft eariton eae Jel ae rf» Other bth stole Theiler of be nariations 8,0) + VETE Ford» Ooms lspsine andthe ie negstveorespning oa raile ‘aula Ths eoreonding gee ae en end can path phe porta hee 5 ft Hanon Hosa) PF haf pla pa por he ety oft he glib Tomine? foc phar cra en ee port erat ate peri) pur Teac of lod ot ‘Mineo resonant on tn it bmn Tare efi An Ale Pose Liaraon Paina akedhinstagucton irate Harnan-Grakn {bcm fecion fw pyoma (le) une what ois oucce ns pro ane) chang of orats eh ht Be sem ‘thermo blatant ew corte Ts id ofeach23 Cima Per Dyamil Seas 41 CURE 27, Pt pe rei re Dag tin om nein ern or detting tt he omen Hine) x ‘on he Post tarzan Auf condones eld te Pot Stmterg ear at eae fe teria be ‘epenient fer g epen e h e oeper colton of ‘ecigaalnes whch sana sar (eo cle no rennane cin) See the ene fn Capuron 95) fr dens oe bo get fe ie rs errtrto 2) 23. Closed Orbits of Planar Dynamical Systems Dentin 26 Cd Or Aco of mania stim ith ae (fhe ahi of enon 9a eae opr tn Tay CRS {Fao ory ot on lian ptt nd ere eto ne F< 90 ‘sch ha row e Vda) = forain Bya dod otitis me acre ase pce at pote wih foyer. Ts a cali oars omen aces of ae is not rel om clned at cose or eam eae ‘Senegal Fg 14 These eects we reply pea inne ero no rts ean abt nies or aon. byertemptng ‘tat haat oem). Inte soul me il ro meh wares ‘Scents an notes cle os Caer asiple eagle se wh fiom bang —8 ad, aw =, er422 Pew Dic Sens The vec el is rasily mma aby ing r= PED. seer aya me re), $ ‘Te rela sem hat ace ai which ea pet ie str = lo tas anansale oa ype sub got tg see ein ta wich sabi pate at fa hogs an te need roaa(+ (6-1) ee 1m ¥0 94917) = 60) 1 Tus toa ita conto cree or = "nuseranpl some coed, sce tpt st) oi cee ‘bts rtelnarssies, ended sao Youay hae noted {Song avo onlin ccs ar Chet 1 Tn of ak ‘nee tie enc er whch pe raster ier eo {fee ges ce fire mess of led rt Sint cometed ei te rch that t= fs ot ently i te any repo D andes a change gn i DT D cons mo ed rb f es 8 Prof Asse, fre sks of condition tat J i clad eit of 2.6) shown ine Fie 28. (0) hn spent Jin) dees hou ‘ied wit arma how hs flor shat fs) ) = 0. Baye ‘dverece them of Gaascan ea ree tera ot) 60? teoned/) he eon ound we [rornssaao~ [fan save. sti ¢dses notching sian ot eel 0S by ast. hie ‘Sbater be conan” . "A py coco nhl cee at ne ei one spat yg nr ono Sr ew msc orc ak apn eee23 Cov onic Me Dyn Sens co te ample 25. Conia these fentad, The inarion as egret te nner te ha Wefan eds 0 whan 40 othr edna eo add rt changes. Tha tem ba no ler ial rample29 Dug Egan, Fershe Dufing euation of 29)we hae hat aify= ‘Ta for 8 > Othe Dig equation hs one orbs in al of Th aes atte phase prea of Fle 2 wich hve ld ample 210.11 impor! tthe reson ofthe thre be sny Comets Fo engl ene he om off210) fs vf) = Ba — tex ‘ch ite than thn simpy conned doin D = (1. ) 388 oss! 26 However welnon ht he em hate soe obo rai ‘hich onan, tare be sew sate nest re concern i exits of cle cette pae wenn long aon oe dan sine ta dean Oe Dateetou cee Sete i a adh oes pion se et42, Dane Seme Defiton 211 Limit Set Ayia € 8 sa be a init int ofa toy 8) of 2.) here ew sequen tine = Es 2h (hat aoern > olor wbch ity Be) = Theo alii of ‘irr called be whit he jer Tanabe Remark 1. Te reeing on wa sat or dani stems nse pln tt we Sri See etn oe th sare eon i Catt 7. sam ‘Binz be male foci set ung» queso es ing Ti cme ino and trl he Or apse ae {oon i int “0a eps: Whe we ve define iui bmae often, be routon wore) wb we mem ‘Sew al int we of wpa ge troagh a7 = 0. We wl a Plena anda) arene) nt 8 of oi 2iresmen a a) = A346 tapotronaclod ot ten ote) = wae ~ 7 13 Tooande inane mete be ute complied and mo ie, ‘Example 212 Dynamics ona ars. Conse maf called ans ‘hos Ek lo dupa Ico be comedy ig eran ng te op dg ith efron Be eee he ‘won at shown Fp? Ica dr be ators op hao hora per 2. Nete that raj ing he ap ge of the sar tame onthe Bom and oe ib rin dg man on eeu Nv comer he ont Yeo fae hr ar btn, riya ft ati prone tit eof asecon ste ajo I ower era roa he23 Conlin Pome Dyn Sysees 45 in Serial ofthe wpa (Bese hat you can comin youself is ‘Can you demi te ines tse nace) 4 ee at et ptt ae eae, ey ae fo ing elon et seta oct foone, Deen 2.13 Link Cyl nite cle orb for ehih see (a lt ome mtn yah a iby thw hf tie Alerts mean | lgaw+r i 0) ‘ecomereneiasnmed io mean comer he represen ‘ey tinle e eTe caer, Rowe 01 or Iman Unstone 2 he ced ati wa {Circe on jt ta en. re fem beeen ine and wn se thes ined a ut 1 ‘Shem aito en cent tere tlw co rt ‘Sat ts enens romeniecr fsyoe aber cnt. Detnton 216 Povey (Negara Repoe. Aran MCR Dail beostely pane ener he ow i) ffrsachs © dine npralt> bee 0) roma, region poset epee tapas begoning tae cone ral trusts. On we Wl Be en Na ‘omen oslely ist by ae ercoyy Tenet een, BRE ‘onload for equates he lie, ce ‘Ort tow te se 29 ‘Theorem 2.15 Plaaré-ondion Thar. Coir he coi ie ‘Aznar dynamical samo 28) and eM be compat poy lara efi i) Let pe M. Then PM cots eur pos) 8 Sched obi ef 28) ah os wee es at tt mays (oar developmen follows pags 46-50 of [329] to which we refer she ‘beforason desi. at 1: Let M be comps an st ap € M, Ten, init46 2 Panu Dyniel Sym op) 49,0, ee ini eto pits a emg 2 Sip) bees 5 Sip mm evar Sip) Seoul Aft enon wich i ein he coneion ts rane ecto. A sere sen ir crn ost sn tt he prod! Tn vec Sld bn no ute pts on ander tng . Fac 2: Lt be atv setonn MT low ey oi p © M.A) innate Ena tomotne eu rt = 0h pie Bien aie ashen pcp Prono act 2 Conse pee oe a (9) om pw done wants mein nc bebe 210 Ofc, cot A) be pls of (on pp. Ta ie lng wide ene of Eo top fom he ou fest art go Ds ew ne 20. ee, 9.) © Ds andi fas om ce ha fie DT» psc Fac Th nit st ip ntact at toni. Proof 13 Theron main Sapp i inert Cia mopar Tenby te eins areca dno ees (poe se pho put sch vm, pee Ed Sam wee, ct Inthe ple, he itt ds cnn equa ins ena eb roo of Fac Th pat of Fac 4 prose by chine pot WP) anishowing tthe oo be sume oof) Lets wh be # oot ‘el po sc og) wip (ately att wp) cle). FIGURE 210. Conrsin ee pr Ft ithe Pea Benn The23 coms PaO Sens 47 Cp URE 211, Canc te tle Pe enon ere ‘canst einen Sue a ngetia ote et eld o, Bou i Fue 2, Now hee sr» mgunce ff 20 sch a Stang) eS or-tssn co By he Pat Ste is seqance isa nome fee Speedie 0 Bu some) cw), He mast ae by ac ‘ove We png) Ths he i of ¢ mst be acl et remain ‘Seesaw ects of td (pte des Bus lon fom an ‘pen clot oe pen ey sn acon cane ‘Sub try a loing oe at oe tht) an ert ey Be. Semeet ein io pos nce ‘lows ¢ at)” "To ah raf eth ore We sin phe oe is gether Fst sore Misra rh Sop eM =p) € Mart see BO ‘ulteum pmb act 4 fw a (9) lod ee Remarks and Applets: 1 pre, iti ut vey ha rein Minar, Howe 2 tM iced nd jars ergo oe hen M poste) Saran hei alles that er Mice Mo ‘Sm tien) very th realy by bare wht fps iar ‘to cee ues of hewn ogre 12, Siento Saeed sue enn wen oi 2 om he pecan dawn, we an ie at ey come creme ‘oni ivarct a sonar an ulibom oer soe or ‘Nk, ne may Se tempted o ik at el nt es pos ‘SK doco glia pln, tea i of pans Kn ‘Setanta pie sdbeserbtors anion of eti comecting SERS ate eee12. Phme Dyan Seem "URE 2 kg tenants gui oes. mono ely my sd connections we ie TStermeuwmpcofhsyAswewilee Seton 7S Uroremet Anes fais hl see ely poss ns for rail sens intel. 2. Ley endo seme ape Ta ets Prot Define best D = Uy. Then Di compet vr Anae fore sake of concn, ht ere eo egal pit cr aed tribe Sic te er en trun oD tage 7, {talons at hw itt ech poo ie Un Dye Pca Sentient be i iy By ang te eng teieasem 109) we may conde ht cch sy © Uy Haren 2 segue 28, Sef cosh wn) + £€ YW) => & yas oo sing meses ononx Te a his esinacomcon "ne seron Sarva the seen surg fo eet Hage ‘eter Ne ow im ht henge) se nt (esetion Lest) tov sy esoare sh) Alo Isemes sys ow yon (uni ney em an2 coming Sg ner Teny 8 oe ROU? 14 Te momen of emotion ewe 2.14) Tas econ shu conti cer elie pit el be 4. Katy i peop eccani netsh ‘eum oe, Tet eey ou inane sara fens The poco i ewe over een ete Pld der any which theif ewe sn. 24 Counting Equilibria: Index Theory Duin 216 Indes. Le J be singe coed, pte oven nour ‘i encling aren D Teneo D wih repo fs defied on} fey eon) 10) L fans am % =n 4, jong nef ste eptyeebe fthe= fa 0= 2 f Shots am "i ema ah an eco i. Th ee of sep tee beni scone not2. Pim Dyn em & a4 | GORE 215 Demin fe net oe 1.6 mae by f he i (Dit nt chp ae ‘daca fw one wove |e by Seay enya 1D) 2 ran equim pi ine D and Deacons no oe quite ‘inst (Dell She eof he eur pote ane 2 vet of acon ah a ie a of a1 The es way very so ee ck oe eaon of ect B fa fone tenn he care Jobe tuna of Da shoe ne 218. Tat Ieee inanzaion fhe vcr Sell aan eam pot hs 0 pales a eee oe cn ee aes ying fe ‘Shemale andi Te exes exe usin i veh equ ours hve ine rts Hee espe stare liam Powe sex Apiverertetietenitsimennipwe 26 suo St, ‘he wy of der teary i tt nes ne pet eens of quit omer wit dines cane Iara, ‘ee never dx he csson of ene egal oma (212) fr comps J (en of eie,Raer on dbs best of apa an of Piste “Ls For inane theyre fps inate ebony Stampin enn ci ey poly ene Do Toa [Fein D has ono dr Shar at ob rin po ISaclosd einen rein D one can vey pote nesFIGURE 246 nero ifn? Ey ER ia (wee he ote rete in acount oa ke ‘se Tus th im eli pst ae eon D “Tere del ae tc be mi host nary fr xa line aninou nto teen Dad been Fama) rare) longa te no ns wire f venison he boa oD. ‘hsb ria ey ps dom ace Aegon Tees ds gent f nae sory ced be Poa Hct Arclae one te comet de formas, hissed Incuper 3 25° Bifureations ‘Te wm con wa rig ue by Poi to deere ranching of ‘uiteun ete ns amy of Sera gees fon eR, weRt a)1 i 522 Par yn Syams Ha we wil are ure tte ad fhe Ben fore = 2. The auton sans satay Lo =0. ao Atte prea th sans Ot quinn aso ditt ole pol ne ale ‘het cate Tha eeu ie per and ees = 08 Sete an he pnt o gute 218 appear tote dee, bt ‘fora vane ifthe sem of eqn 215) prac ‘je Sovtard se eth also! me then th cork es i oe td teach an or flows ie 22, Fre, ough Se ‘Sect aparece he fl, ti uae St ‘Sa perutlo te mca changer ioe he two pees shown SEES Nsc waren parm weiter woes eee fl and Seco trh wc mena dain fs fd econ ear example ff cen walk silted dcson ft of OS Se Sicaner sow bet bern abu bites pani ‘Shia syn on be de ere Ft ication hee perk ‘Sotumee may becnbelelnpadyamial sens Whe he es ‘Sheth earn of en rion pt rose Jo as te oe {nti oft Beaton pram en ose aching a} Ost Fine aceracby be gpa rapa pi eri (Se aso ante oe mic le) mde hey ae ere 08 Eide md freon Fhe ore raced he apn tet ‘ones an sie am oie or wo odes od ole fom » made (iw nice ov comarven of ska ene aes rom pioS42 Pm Dyan Seems eS = Pack Tania ROURE 221 Te epee ol a Pein 8 PO ‘Musto. A onl empleo hs heamenen octet of sine te ‘aes nih the nbd Dig en) 4 ‘Ths onion has on eau or £ Onan (2) = O43 eo eine» Onaely = Oy =O, Oy fas = 0) TS Isa phi tien nerd, tet tcl eHow Sapon 5) 8 eben By beck tenon he liane stocres ‘esate ode for Osteen anew wo ste toer re ‘One si ew pooner ih dns ati sar Sai see sper we ier he earn of elim pol er fram WC: and te rope A cael cca of oes a nity ates etn Aentnund 2, np corte tena reas runs eo 4 Notte egos of be earn of (218 asd he equiva Be ornate epee Tn sgh eo e i ite xg hangs being» se nde ig anal ae ‘spl plr hang of ecainisbo eeiles he elo poe ‘seme ya sale lr clomd ef rads tore = Te26 Bec Sy Cheon cn ens fore ta peril Hof boca Te marital Hp tcaton ‘emote fain oanansblelimteyce ita steno YetSanantable oie We ily ese far ser el in Chg nie et ste we wise a bea recess how they an econ os spl creat mel toweer we il es co eh ak Imeresing cup of be scene ofan ne fan ochre ample 217 Sale Node Bifreton of Perec Orbs. Conse he sonar dina aem y= nina neon lade eana nla, fe noma nang = Dann on. he € Ris he anal eatin prance Comerig i gation ip ner cones far[a Peony sina a2) aay =r Fine + con For <0. the tom as one tae pli pit 9. Osea Daigo pera oof rar oper. er 0, heat apm ‘wo pad ohne ahi on of ane y= an Iolo abe ne of ans Fa» TMs faction oe whch table ond ‘Seah ote tar = 0. oman fre a he ae sy ‘trp ne eos mal n> Dayar ar Th ape at ‘hows abel Hop iretonat = n/n he sacle rb tere nh slain pam, egal uri po ‘Bearinforg > n/4-Atu-= 973 sh wanblelved os sapeay ice {Ths nate ad 2.6 Bifurcation Study of Josephson Junction Equations ‘ eton ia spleson oe met fi chp slag sore mera eperienaton fo naan! Be chart Jee Jerson Theequtoesf te epee ae tse te eng Sir pe pen ge perp Siene ‘While aconpee model forte stghn ction utile, ais ‘uy moll ote con ay be abate by moan sa LC cl ‘iter Geresting te ealage aces te tna oa cpa Inaeing ie aon ut), Poker nee male te In cen gh ie jt I he ca anogr, @mpees e a "or ety he pel ince Aa Hp an,creme v- 22 c a deat Taig PIGURE 222 Acro ap of eloeoncton ong enlace "ning suet ze yin) wie te ‘aiming cure he qa mecha mos of he none [Beco te gua has a eeton re he eee of pa he wae fron ees tee) pons ba et wae te ‘eloge cote con gen vets see recom ty on tin flecton 101 cet dag of he ecto own Fg 222-Te ‘Souqs pen by nee ta tosngos+ Me Ma om rete facing cae which we wil sine tobe ont Fllonng te ‘omention inte oes jn erat [0 dese ’ Bab +25 ax) Tess equinbeamoepi iniesen ee =§ | 4 | i ' ' i i | ' B= ans ~ Asin) Went nw pus prea fra fed ncn fae ede pnt 1 increase fo sr he pte Seton td key k he ee {olga anon meal tts he eager ct 8 athe era ‘he sme experimen Ye el fr ep also pnd eles ‘ue cncusone Tay, we wilde be chee fe non226 ato say on tn os 57 PIGURE 22 cn hae eral ng 1. Sl fing. When y i smal te pate pr a he fom town a pre 223 Nw te psec of eto Hn fears w= nde, ~ (ands, = 7 ~oG), Te ft na sable es and oe ‘Sond de en) These we als peed ey eee he FM fant ie of (2) pie wih pel in Te se ora shows ‘espace of wath esl manish wld of nee ‘iy te lal vor he ate mad fhe sae ced om theigeecor of be Inet the ex hare ef be sa mans ‘seme ty by ping sma. Ao almost atl enon Willenovere on lhe sae oc el he raking ely te age {ia acu he jcc lb ee 7h te sped ein Ihe inn since none pp wren poder vere ase ‘Sore ntonproparnal og Tuan erp ry = ‘Sal toga y eae the mate mal of alee {ir nan" (5 dp clonero he utie-anl of te mae earns sin") te vp af pe 2 Sue cometton Ay ieee bopper ptf hasan shped sabe fie a oli Be reg wet ‘eto of the pares fot con a (8) © Boal he ‘wo inser of he evi fein fers Asp we ave he se por ips 224 Nowe ap shape egos traci of Se fc sod te ae cme Te ap be pe al oe pose oc y > 0, whch we tae conser For ete To Ps ete ae oad ane nme al pare, Fy, at ‘hs pane prides dae co hein, te nie noite te oat fe Trans rigs tbe cap rach be sale ‘Sm yin. Tate srg above he sae comer ove be ‘a conto tt nit tt et fg ing te (oe may se qm pins ng wi he sale ae. FAGUIE22€ cea ue pa ong tne comecton the pve para wer ao en, en ene woud be {Sige de md etry comeing te ade el. Tas cay ‘ean th nase coe gfe Sate ani of ese wit ‘petncunsute maid of te alee de como Tm “ic tometon tay tke inti cmp. Ta mbes ‘tse it bas sed sims tral oe, Howe teterge aco yn txt eT al i co, 2. Costin gt ontop A mg te fa ‘Soni ee ection Wee aoe aay LIT [fowey Lt Satine be woes on nea pe ie Ipsos ne wate x hwo pte 2 Now tp hg Sortie owt eth sabe id Cnn he ap rok ‘Sato ocr etre heneay sil often ar Ofer Cc eds nee whch as nna serge a, ss 4 Selene bcaton Ay izes 9. sede a mae ‘Set geber aay ome aty =. Aho eae ae216 Baw Say oxen un uo FOUR 227 cn rea town ei fete pe te cy pe mints Swihissneroevenge salacious elapse Lint eel loe Fr ws oy > essen oe (22) a ony ‘mst ela 0 eu shows ne 227 Al lcm Ire atte to he intel wit aos erage ae of the vlog Sy rere te serge nae merece. Tit esate eon {epic econ. sng wis secon of hse prea ae casein frm of 8 ‘hence fhe con. a shown gue 228 Ie an eapener {whch he cen saul or usta ween, te ore ‘Sretedang he sem sloneda Jou selon ano 20 teeny evap yr fr ue of ae fang See ‘beers we will onthe Scan nero Aft y xs62 Pam Dyiol Sens AGURE 22 Te as oe on, ice syste latin with 00 0 vole pes tml ii ‘onkton silane ova ianuntly cones. Fo 7p lage mmr wd nse wiy. We conser he coon Scat saely ecg When y Geese he age Sees se ‘eave vale ft votes preprints of het le Een ‘en y Beal coe lone ote ec aera rum ps aly wen y= thence apes eae ‘Secon ah al ators comer othe ei oes wih tena ero merge vlige Tha, ee ess ne ov hrc he Sovepucencton Tas sense beatae he cic » ay lope nerge ese: Te ON ate oreo igh aes he OFF ‘ie coeds 2.7 The Degenerate van der Pol Equation ‘Conse planar diereial egution crs othe dai of te on Une RC eat in Fig 229 with ofa ea enpaorwd eadi Done er wth atte pny 21 =P Tm Shoes een tones oD ‘ye model feat (220 as een gun ne plane, conan af feet eqsion anda gerne sun. The aera ‘sun costa thes ar olen cae hown a pe 230 (evecare 2 0, te abe ncn wee astm be ‘gue: rom mein te ge flows a ew ess Wilh (Sevag hepa port ts fy Ate pit eet peoobetoconine ogra te eet ition — ntl mtn ose) wie sis As eee ese tare eee ‘patepoas Toba ool ssn we tome ‘Therstum earn om ial cdo oocoapaitie wit stn we ieintaaltng Topi ese be ica ead eance Sic The dna bewanig RLC ce a se as) ee «> Disa amal paneer ming he mal pra nce Thi ‘em wel defor every inthe pane. alae i pon 0 rth wee ire, en ude semaine wer tn wae (eke ofp math gern, mang te fcr soe. The me preteen ore 0 awn pe 2 with an ve ‘Giron pata he rin surat tele Te let el ‘ep int it as slow sens ce othe cave y= Yad two tans eral segments let) = = To ea othe fie ‘sem 2) we ene seater ob em ej of (229 a (C0. Tese ej sea bowen ige21 Seel poi ot pote net at [POURS 250ml Me Rc nga poife a (Ftcaupecont RL oe a 1. Tere conte ou np ints ig gore ‘sas anaon nthe vr tte appr and weet cave eee The ren any sso seen op Sener. Ths soln elertz lion nd ‘imps pos we efor a mig pois or eon 2. Menthe tal conse nto he cave = hn the cay ‘rumareuly ramparts noe care Brgh 2 ‘ine varetion th va Al acne cep oe ig a ‘Seer comer ote eaten oon, 1 Thelmivajeoresofereutridsyitem cen rede hese etcn thecaveny =n 1; unset ea at leonora ‘eho cre end i daw fo sown Fg 23 ‘The pcg ean ery ingen in aptesons The eon mae ton tpt beno ser maine damien 885 1. he sar anion of «strait led aig rom hig te Tine te pani fale hse abies tee a re rte var, he example) become iy a 2 The tof ume of te aon, etre snes a ‘ening ales he so seule ate om ret ied ‘le dams of hf ste varies (eh saw ate varie Teed tseaion prance, A silva of hi model my use Wega te nami of chek ret aie mater, were he cco eons p ee ‘fe Om aate rash ars mel fer be tl ad ere np [BH Grenlionftienampe tw B"pevie mod mph inary cases fea and jem ee for ean 228 Planar Discrete-Time Systems Byala dice Sie sy we mean ane of es es = Ot) 26) Hee Rs Rie smooth ap, td. ¢ Em 6 Z Te dcr ine ‘lem ha tow 2) = Ge fh componbing ke i) ‘eet see era Glenn ap Te on Gheteneae 2811 Fixed Point and the Harman-Grobman Theorem ‘Weenie ay flan yarns wiht ny in ite ens nse pine The ule ero vere map ely re hat econ ptm who, ses, oc an cents ne ‘Spa Probie 219 Of use eatin dremel gees ‘yl uber dn a rca ave tf ee of spores tau te raft Swe fston comping ne chp gre be ‘Sponins othe cay. hula ois of 228 afer 00 ‘Trane poof sate int of emp tnt ing, ern eS lant nani seme lel sie! wats thes of maps spel sve es) arin ots ine se te eatin othe al site an ean pt poe hae Tews (226 the tem tt = DOWD aay he ber of he ier st (2.27 is erin ye ica of ‘DGC npc te cps re modes a aly Polat opal tenet allen eae the (ianarn ro itbecgemalorhve mals eter Ben al 0 ins ends me repeted rm he rg The avo nl ones Telngng te eipnpues fee pensive soe css 5,8) — tc he fe pone x Dand = ta At = 80 ‘ins wade arcane sabe ype 4. ler treatin The nape f(y) = ur has eins MeO we fre = ifr > 0 Simly he map > fe) Nye hi ed peas Ovadate = torn 28 Bifarcaton wih geval Prot Dos Mone eeu of be nextzton at ed pot of paar map Tad be ber otro ten dp ply andre peta ig He Thc cnt met we dtd wap taco Bo fou) = nxt, Ile potest rhe ede o evi ive how hat fintatr-= sendy pie fraton at = ih wo abeeid 2 pl coe astabie ed post engin fom eae Bed pe [epee oni comiue sty. 3983 10, Pr onlin best ley coring te a pms fe), Theaeons (se Bed pin can we gue ole, td 0 we cera ge) resp emnp mp ft) t-te 1 Me fiedpin = Disunublefor x = -2,u > Oandsublefee-2 <= 2 Y= ETF Ta tm he pois ei for 2-2 wha usa ‘De mip as perk bation nj = 2 when mo ase ed pis, {steel point ener om mest Be pol Hone ‘esl ed poltecomesunsubese tt fr = Oe mapas xc see ‘ely allt wich ae unstable To explore the map fare eas he ‘sete of Janel kot Plan) =e +n +are 20s OMe, re Ot) sso of eer an hr nN nw {oc rele te foro tem he seca ere ma hit sn ase ph {tern aoa” nesingmaddn totes? a ‘nt 0, woul aed pando une se pe J) ‘Sere fom he sable nd fot a Oe eri ee? = =O These ew ‘Stepan wich wpe ye 1/26 ae med pots Jy) deep pots. Ths, he compe ecto dagam ‘tc syacm estou a Page? ‘ufacaon with Cpl Eigemales moths 1 Nine Sahe oly pening is ete equa of te esc Anden- Hope Aonfer mie when pt compl cng Sieve of te cnon ‘ou hut i ean ara cide apes ape hse or tai Thepraypl example abated inte pn by ebinge == Je IOURE2.9.The yop pred ning aon82 rr Dpant Sse ind omit map fom C+ Cohen by edad eet + Oe. Inpolrcourties = re, map becomes reer tdu tare + Ostn). Pee tet ot b+ Ox n ‘normale okie yeni he Os ms ove Fr he yt of {25th ase ha? = Ota ed pout we sable fr da = Oy ana x da 0 When =O. ened lt ase fora > Od wae fora 0. seit by icin, Fre he lowing ou ee ae: 1.d'>0,a>0.Thesgn anne ined pt fr > Dan be ad fired ys ent ivsian ie frn 0 2S as 0. The rine mse el ple around by a abe iar ear = and bleed pose 0 3.4 Sova = 0-The cries ed post ory = Cand aaa Sed Fost suronaey oe eit cor. 4 PS a2 The engin ate ed pt round 2 ble art le es ands able ed poe ery =O “Teich Naima Saker cation, dr Comer oe Peart Ansov Hote, ‘ample 221 Sale Node n he Henna map. A ceed pla map ‘helen map er on on Joi ha The fed pons othe Hoon map say (os, Eo ‘ha folios har whn a =~ ere re no fed pons. Thre are eof pots on hi and hte antablehen a > 0 ond ‘ereia usenet ora (1B 7829° Summary niche we ese sone npr echoes fre aa lar nos ie! det ne dramas. Sane oe eipes {odeorens petal eal Toit iets, real, Hata ‘obman eae, blsretioas sce Chap Ty ad inn hey (ae eee 12 Dentnam trem ind i Pont Beiuce ce ewe te ‘Shenson cso me yen nether) ont eecare ere Fe ther eating ene stra i ar hp ee Wig [9 ek a5 Mon sew Ocoee neha eS 210 Exercises Prob 2.1. Caner eur dire usin a hem eal ier aes o> Oey hve 1 lad elim te rn ‘excep fort earn are Wate uve ‘Mio of eyes orient eZ a aso contre ebb of ates lane dnanicl yes ste ezrin rnp ser eigeaie More pei) ak Srngh at woul happen soe ces tt heer eae ye eae. Problem 22 Wek atactrs and reprs Cone te sem of he ‘peu ole foen> 1 Teequon cate inegaeerpily. Us et deme dee comers ad erence fom te rg of tae ses Race ‘aoa eet ts pie, Probe 23 Shih generation fendered ules Le {rR Rteagnen sofa Ferplu oui yesh it ira duet cane sin erosion rein Dare eo ae at ‘eon App Das rem she em it acto ate De anion eine) = CL70 2 PanrDpmmi Syene ely (dos change an at = ano bat ed erie ‘erin et eet perce er wich ra from crepe wr (fits gna mner repo whee ara ress Proen 24 Coser te mse of eto () wth xiv pio Index How woul you cor egw pom ens tl -? Problem 2, Inesigas the Nreioes ofthe ela for the sar ‘Sowa oqo fete sion 0 Gis) ~ wa 2g 8 Fert at ample ire ales fa wel ao Problem2.6 ModicaonofDuting'sequaon 39 Comer te mies Daiogeaion Fie alvin Lins oat he pli py Beason’ rem ‘ise eos clad ori Lael sean cnc pale Ps oro he ean. Proem 27 amples Wiggins 2] Use al eg you tie Senin is cape ocojcre pase pres ore flowing seme iy =n oat« Ka) GBD Problem 28 Pui phase portale sal be cies ht yo se ‘eens ge omake tn pe oat Pgue 238 use You we {Bowed ony ching ie decane cfsone fe reas ra es ‘sod ete Problem 29 st integrate One way of doing ie ports lia Seumial ysemsistotnd oe cpl oe ben A tates of) ‘aticton a> Reamer ange wat, MH part fn a Hee tonto evar ofthe eet gon, ow do ist ies lp natal he en? Fant inept ne flowing yen 1. Valeo ode {3 Pendalun me wih fing 0 aig:722 Pam Dyan Syme Problem 210 Method of ones snpe at il ig e e p ination of wluton ures ine pase ln &povied by be mee [oaines Gene ela n y= fin. sy ae Alin), 239 wecan wre ame he mot ht (5) #9) ty file) 9 35” Bo) © ‘We eck cures = ha) on wich espe ded ‘anes ets a en ty binge ation ia come. Sich ft) =e) a6) 1 inde eli hissy nd show ie inet of te ye {Houde elias cnc inte of orang te ype + Show tate iarenand at he ge dyer tsi noe isnt ane on nh slg dy, + Nowak soles on wich dye, =e for Se c(eye = 0.1.2 1 Sects ures nde epee ool canes, te (rn) pe 1 Conjece e pra fom hirano “Ts robe was forme by C. Teme se 22317 Problem 211. Ty righ Hao. Godman ete nde mr Pesmeticn'ocexmipebe ns be reeset Dla Sodan roblem212 Aplin of th Ponca Rendon there 1261. Con Serie syste byw on ttl atoconn ed ee in conser te af ctage ot). rhe boundary he ana). Problem 2.13, Useheechige of hich ode phate prea oe sem hn @-21-2200, 2a Q-2n-mn ‘eps und. Fa ins bp wich evr oa alia and oor om ee ‘Problem 214 Recurrent point pit On <0 Repentance Disngusberneentecater2? bo? «Landa? Fa > Landi j= ‘erate or ada (52) i <1, raw sone sample jecris.242. Pm Dy See (31) iA > 0 Aan, ese ample ctr, ‘Wat pen othe ie mae dr ner pein? Prblem 218 Gne camper fooler apt fom BE os RE here te Terence des nx curl pede he euro be nonin se. Problem 219 dnt os ses fi fr ier dee ine aia a (Sd) ‘en hy cae Sco wo co esa a (35) re robin 238 Chir a pita pl ail ‘You may find it instructive to begin wi the cae Problem 22, Sy ieee fhe flowing plane mapa on (:)(ag2222)3 Mathematical Background nhs caper we wil view vey by sedan or lee sd tay hat new pray we be bok, We il sen ie mae tine on exited sires ren reel eons edo (evr se mtolatey concep dee ry Weer he caper ‘Tenor ezegcion tes eypogy. cp bof deans Intpopercsof mantle Mareeba etal rome tend ince 3. Groups and Fields Deion 34 Growp. A group Gita witha operon): @x0% Clase te long rogers esi 4 ath ab -cma- 0 obras e6 43 Foralle €G, thee exis an ivese a"! 9 -—°! = ‘Arp inal abelian b= 4.6 binG. Atmarapiem nen op, 9: 6H Its amap whch preserves he row aperatn a:b) = e1a)-400) Deion 23 Iemorpian. An inmorpiem & ¢ Homomarphion a eve1 Ver Sp Alpi, Noms ac Nem 77 Deion 34 Fie elds tithe Binary operations: ion (Cranley, uh 1. tan alin group nde) th ty 0. 2 K=O) cn abel gop ae () wi ey I~ (0 8 me ommate go ander (ere fd a ie el 4. ()diniuetowr (0) 90°42) ab ra-e Some campo lt 1. Risa fed wth ato nd map defen he a wa 2 ihadn dee in te alway an ws mapaon Send as (65.89) Gh.) = Girscand forts) a, one ld, Why a we, we wold ve 0.00. =0.0) 6.04. 40)-,1)= 0.0700 an=e0. “Ts ctely a coneeon cn ema te det) a (G29 Quy) =~ yay = my) We dete i ld. be Sef engi ate wie rtd The gtr compte be to ales 2) [Ske wit aso Seed be ol wn, snd mp eed ‘Seng tte ling le ‘Na ht K — [0 nh ei of etd ot gr, wc ot ‘ean nr wigan The saw dof guaioa deed for andi ft Ine et of i con, te il bedfin iar onsstons forth Seti an Fremont we Ste ee ‘Wee Hasse fal maples woe er in 32. Vector Spaces, Algebras, Norms, and Induced Norms Dakion 3 Vector Space. A vcr ace ¥ fonr ofall K) i pace iw operon on adn ant car malian, dd ont ase2. Matental Betprin commatoe rupndr te ionpetion (3) ante oar matin Fesen iden Yh mason i Exaples fect peste apes of ea ove: pes “compere reap fl th wef el vad ncn ‘Steal ere sad bee aps omase CR" oer 5h Mare gewly Rta var pce ova Hl fr ah of Bl lta the pei Sco Ive ee "n+ Kas ie mp eh ‘ime rseton M() € We te Bat Ka My) Both Denon 3.46 Alera An lbs versace ih « mipeaton Ms algebra wh upon eed ate ys main of rane For Bsc MB), +0) = AB + AC: (@+OA=BA4CA Dentin 47 Uni 17 i an algba # € Ais ean three 9 © A Aisanagta with an mace makponon prin nl Ai he steve nck ton pa with reset thr mp cpr oe daca agen ae pet i Caper 2 rede uns sap oe atin ene Delton 8 Narmed Vector Space. A sector pace Von held of [nid be anoned vcr pce co be endowed wih orm denoted 1a etiam fom Vy sing Le hnlz0 weeXadisi=0@ 2 jeri= bali) eR Ribas tins ore some example sro Rect pce rth el 1 ij mag na 2 ine dey le Bie = lM rts p< 9, hmm itp = 2 fered 0 ‘be Balan om, nina 39 Independence and Ras Seta A st of vecor (clone) esnntn e¥avecaapaceisido be epinn thre eit net of ela olson eae el Fh hat Lanno,32 vcs Spies At Nom cl Noms 7 AvetofvcrsB CV sad wheatass Yor elonen NO, awe ti aseqanee comers inte orm comes in aeguvet ‘mm swe Honea in many ances we ont tow wheter 9 ieee ‘Ships anit dcr we ont ow i mt Tobe eo Semi te ‘metre sete wilot Kiwini hve te lon ‘ioe Deft 12 ConciySequenes A seqenee 1 Ie Cah fier > Oe ea ch at hewn <€¥ am =H -Aseoens ina Canty sgn ifthe eons oe segue get oad cloner omar he lf be ccs. ee ha every cee! ‘eget Cy soiene However the oor nt mcs te ‘Riorned ver specs bod we a omplie ce Banckce 3 cf 2.3,1.2 oer Spe Agta Nema laced Nem ‘if Cty sence ome to it pointe pace The ie of ‘he betin af Cat gener ith enables ces comer ‘teegueeswibnt nog pte Emit Nee i oes {aut undeoe we ete Cay ane anaes nr els eo sao eat net of he ran shove “The sc of oof eo Beach pase er any of ‘scar ed hve hel vron= (fora) ‘re camplton of hs pc under hen eed toa 130.1» 112.0 We we Sop aba wt nem ie as ae ae, aly oe Yenc al noms equa on efton 313 Ince Prod Spaces. A el vec space Xs be anor pod se 3 fon) Xr Rh he flloing ua fralts. yx te ral, 9.2 © foray eX one eR oho Nox tha beast rope sho hat ey ne pdt es e eur ce The longing nag aes cle Cre Satay. Sewing ing met pt ano lips en Acomplimer rot pc ele Hiber pce Some amples inet ro yes 1. On we may eine eines to ve, 8 tone Son 2 onc%0, cr may dee hee ris af Wo element), 40998 0.40) [ vosaora wher te pitino pac te pein xt may be Shoe ha 0 set Biter pce compen L310, 1 espace ‘tone erie toe ier pace ‘hosp of tier maps ect pace Xo ava pce eae, space own ii Ut) vetoed veto pc! Wi orm52 tema mad |: thn itor ince a onthe et pase of erage fem XY deme LO Delton 3.18 Induce Noes Let X.Y bore incr space ih nrms Leclerc Then pace ofa mae fom ne F LUX.) Bae tr ine ye noms on aon et he LOY) Then (tts eorex) SSnce mc nate ae repress oflnsarpeton om oR tras ei sel ince mr nrms ono" Crs lla neo ‘mx arm cn "Fre pps fe eames we ml eh ae row oe Ra Nomen RRO Ind sora nme le = mani a CS a= Ei" Ala = aA An sed feat of sed noi ut ey ae subaipicave More peel Proposton 315 Submutipatne Indeed Norm Le he armed ec tease and AB ena operas from Xm Then AB, the compotion (eto incr operas a ina pro fom kX andi need Sameer apy < 0 63) 3.3. Contraction Mapping Theorems “Tarena nen leectof orn wich rue for detomisng Be citence ed pms apg tom Bech pce el. Tee heen Sone wis, wrth oem aout anysand ae el epee int {yf itn ene Tae sealed pote an bea ‘ne tren the rooer Lary. Sane Kab aed pst ‘feorem a some empl. The erred der tw are here res {hese fence, hey we need mann pions a ‘ha secon ewes arate sil aed pi ee a hat te at ecae,esdfeeBapiofs p,3 comcon Mige et— ® ntsna 3:16 Fd Pula, Asap fom cr pce X19 Riven fuedpaeats* reyes yn of ann i is fe TO) Oe aoe es acs eae es sans refed pon ofan oe ree 317 Git Conrcion api Tor, 0 * Pe Sint beaming wicks» < HA re-type yl METER oo hen Sasnigers” CX neh rats Let «Xb aby. fie he ears os = TH = om ing egetna eye. we Ea pete eee) ete fm = ten sing ae nets ound we vee nae een 2ojec™ since p< tabene > Cone mest ig le eth a eon ce VME REN eae uence xi Cac Sine X i isch ss 9s SE ence tO cam ci at eG re et nin 4) nates cot AT re fin Tae = fits = ee reer ane er oetie tte TTT 0 2 Since p< 1 neh tts? = 9 reer is import otetitientasneo ween ae TEE tte deoen ne TA cowl WIE on563. Mean skeen Inde, ener te cn om K+ ey 7) = x 2 By ming ht eae ent Wh ea feral ey ‘eve a tes he cenen 7, Hower ee i ae slratwiih s) 21 The pheno abe peg eee teed ‘Gara pa cnvacon conn, Te cntior ecole Wt ‘npnly ne wile mace Unc ial comin hype ma be ‘ekenedto ae he following rl veo of ee ‘Theorem 1 Local Contraction Mapping Theorem, Conder 2 ve atonach pce i) Ler ko beh forme p= Ie-Tyl eo yl Yesre me on am er ety €H ch ha eet gafrexpomis ‘The has exc one fe pi in M. Prot Te po i ep fe po fe pecs rem wh be _nltehypobes by Be staring post of be spe Sede te [T= “Tse uence conned oes Site eu is Cay mal {218s ed ita angs to 3. Te pet foe enue of ed ‘tn A mince conepndig pre be res pe 2 Remar: in pliant ne everson ofa ae craton maping eure felows: [tbe aloe ato Xan T bea oem map be Shen T bas ane tae pon The pt excl hee pel fie pein teen The ct at $8 ded pues be ae ol 33.1 Incremental Small Gain Theorem Comic pf Figur 32. Aa ale pt nd comps Ni a map am £310 L3(0, cs fom LT, > £70. reptile Propel 319 Incremental Smal Ca Therm. Cone fact ‘ote fie 2 wh na cL Aaa he map 85 =p IN Med = naa) Yaar €L aw NG) MG0lsnin—ad vonsvets, OP33 comaionMigep Teo 1S “ Sy 7 % 2 Os 8 PURE 2 Sone ap Pent pet om ‘he sytem ha ange sean fr ariery inp Prot Te fexdnck loop eons ws ‘Now cay nde at we ine sige ton, yan ty te Thor ose nu heaton ry canbe combi ld eens tts +e. 1) “The nto te eguticn can now een oth existe fa dpi Te 1 Mies +N [ny = Toa) Nees C49) ~ Nase MCD midi ~ Ms) = nnia ene ty tin (39) te map Ta ltl otacion map on 91, 2 ae tars sue ed pins Coney he ex gee soe he {Redinckoop.Ts exe fete 20 om .3.4 Existence and Uniqueness Theorems for Ordinary Differential Equations ‘Tee anrason mapping them may te edn ne cena pet fe ‘xine nd sibel tral eon, Ts ‘long wits mpl acesiulson te pe to, Coat ‘ewig ein aera eatin (ODE) Fe fan #20 20 enn By ceo of ution G1) we mean x comin iene stn oie (ene saat [seconds en) ‘teh aon.) called son sen of Caratheodory. ‘more 330 Local Exsnce and Uniguenst Cone he stom of (24 Atome thf) scons in and ond at hee et orb h sack aforalir © fF wehave We. F4.01s Bey vey 6 Bem, Lema e th Be) Ue RY: J al <7 a al of rai centred Then gion (2.11 has eat one slain f he frm of 9.12) 00 8rd ‘ity mall ‘Te proof hs hse ds ea alld he ela Growl ina ‘lh an npr ra eh ob ih Proposton 321 telinan-Growwall emma. Let (4), a) Ry r+ even ponve sons fed ono and lt? = 0 Phen ioral or, saws ow teeta 0.7 enews [nono as ft ma rm ae vine [toa sotary (10 mene HO) = 020) sar) +010214 adie Than ry Dein gins 87 ee erame pss nn), We Hatori ~ au) +509 = 0. Inegring i aa itt eatin witha coin 0) =O, we gt ran [ohm laentey ~ sted sich eee ipne ts () > ,teingety (3.15 allows ie, Prot of Extence and niques theorem: Let) be «fin on (C10. define by ane of ettion ss sete fr F108, Lat $ dente ned bl fur tt tener) 2 C0 tines =) cea hO-mol sn he ema ernay podyeemt [ s0.te since pon nese EGSUAG wie eerie REDE O mire Eiotieaadeionat Sais sens ante ee tate ta SI(GU)htarapocecona a ee rao [i 9 Che sucha =p <1 Nom wes Pie S ems ise nod, kixipes Tem ragmies [ $0000 = [ltt + fn raya fan-aides f'Vomsite sbusha ,—r—C. reese nr attend Sipe retier seers ep ees noma f 100.08 bial si [ Yoe.0= f+ fem « [110.9100 Meme 2 [anc =a sit sos [mt yf tan Coratn tha = Esieioasanpatoy sms am ‘Tou wer coe seh a < min, f.7) a AS? Ben ary soon.) sto eis 50th weed pont of Pn Sind ‘evel sion eC aula £210, = ‘Tyeorem322 Global Existence and Uniqueness Theorem. Comers semofJhandasume or 1 epecene conan whee oad foreach T ©1027 1.0 fo.0) stole= Mey eR Let hr Then eqn (3.11) ety oe ston on (0, Tora <8 Prot Let T bees. Ten by he pceing oes te ef.) asa sltin oo seme neva] forsome p< tT = Pewee dow Wo sed fan det (to beh slain [#1 comer (0) a) =a ow) o0s0 0-n(2) ow The st hand sid of (9) ai te conn 2.18 aon, 50 we ve tne solution te ena (0, £1 Cal tary). Tc oon) = HO Ree slg x.m te wee tt G1) ont0.24 Coe src > ‘Theorem 323 Contnaos Dependence om Il Condon Comite ‘pston Bande) site yates (318 of erring he2 Ese Up Tse Oty Det yuo 89 rem Leta) Be te sltin of tite sing fom 9 mee {fon orgbene > Osher css. 7) mach a bole 8940201 56 ex Prot ice (eb saan (3.1 ne ae wn=stn= mie [ie ~ fot. sto mitt [nord ym we het al 1.7 a4) = 001 <0 le" Av acinsaes phere > Oone may choked = [epee dere ‘he met nortan hypointense nigpera he cecms gen sn he npn at sie ef enon (S19 ele pce Delton 324 Lipsitz Comin. The icon f isi be lly chi coiuuins er some > O ere ee O ack hat Mesut — fox.0) sn — ean (oral 30 © Bayt > 0 The canna calle he Lipite comst A ‘Sinton etl pecs intone: raging pation Daljwbidorsy ns © Re The deuto oer pal Leon ‘tos ald a iby aig hat quai (3.21 ad efor arbirry in ii pc fe cy fl ed 1 fig contour ins cninnoa i Oe ete han iJ bas onde petal eavenin Bn te ice. Ral. (i) ec he yar cave mat off wih eps x (east | stands {fee ft amet a s,m Df et) mpi a Lp ‘ean wich cont pally, aly eS bal tinge he pan t+ tat he bed o 03/0 vai). T air ‘yao sow nat to eva conan nape ber (Tiere 3.17) {Done tat be bypass oe ee eure at PR pce ‘etna wi pcs conetat tan lipo Oe ese diuson ier Re anttcenconfns or? taba soeracen map rule ht be mt pt nee woo nme DiganGURE 3. Showing bk fans eed noe ine in 341 Dependence on Initial Condition on Infinite Time Intervals Is very moran one ha te pedigree at he Ian a te ssen a (311 deed conta che isl coos, ‘sel fr comput neva fine To show a 800 mich hope ‘tine eras ie coer eta tae Sarg ne Sct sbi mane fends sowe a Fig 2) aes ‘thie airy lea he itl ie wen let ean les So Toes emergence deeper wo aon et inti tral oe ens te yapuney exponent, socined wih e gece oftwouneee 90088 c(im(eRet).o Frese rece hee iow ai ky forall 7 otek sk Inger teins of 20 ae quite ce, aly otis il tot dere ose expec ie pedied tis ema eerily a (jes a nin of be seater sin ‘he sme aaron et verge expel be se ‘dete stoves be upper bard eso Sow exter) ‘eshve deen on il conden This ken eave of hate ‘hurr nine ein of care recat basen te does ‘elnepanoe eapnst ots phe connie af sco fe 342 Circus Simulation by Waveform Relaxation Panel nection Whe scm fo 2 nent spl ame etn ncaa te slsicn oe deretileuaton tae eesti asa etme faut the dames pa VST eles nuh ieee cede refered oat wear ecto The etalfe ene te plano ei sieved we oly sat ie fas ot ea 0 Tuma te eon. "cymes clas elie ces maybe writen intesoalled 8,340. ox megane (2 hee vibe es iso al eaves ine eit {uly cnr ates dcx) egos Puy {ora Gaunt in wh ete onsets bit nthe | tnedde The ipetsepescs independent age wl cuent ue ‘cent sietaine too ta sees exp ietial ‘one (1) ous npr does Tears stapled ‘Stn fv) athe te geen np delet diferent ‘Gem ved yma of tems, sce arte post at Be ‘citer mayo tino eer cutlass oi) am ‘Sooccarwich imino echo we re seman Hore wee the Count mapas nares cree Oe falowing pein Propaiton3.2§ Solano mpl ODES Conteh stm fepaon (250) Faeroe he Worn) Herm) SHI —2 VEER WERT, £0.71 Tren < 1 se inp em (2.21) can be ransomed oan epi nsem actif, Prot Sexes Fooston 25) ny be comer a ip itn equation no snake anly ae fe frm 03.1) are, ewig pa ‘ecomace mapa hae gusset non se o£ 020. ‘he mover elton agri ave te ste of (32) sng tom i cml se bandon he allowing eros wc ne ‘SePiad Lindi rio be rece Sto #0 w+ [ere oatnote, — 620 “Tein fcton 2) aly xp (0) =. We il ame hat ‘econo of Poon 2b so then (32 my we ‘Sitcroma frm eat fe frm f(y a) 225) nisin he ertinof .20 ae Homies [seo ateheate 026)23 Maen aged Inde lingnge of be poo of be exience-anigeesheem of be evs ene hon so=PoMon See te pot oat hore ae proving at map ya conc oa. segue cers e Praia ety tof pet of econ mapping hoe Hence, a pred Sere ote rc Ty cen ee wn en OM reer (0) tthe pein cont Prenat pons mieralelengi orf anal Howee stain my {fe mprvedogtcomersnceon eee eral [078 defn ene Ole = shen nite am Noms ae fom f (3.27) ae alle (exponen) weighed noms. i it Seve to vey at C0, Ta Bunch pce ners nar. Now ifthe ‘pats of he pa exisence in aes of be Beare te prvi sfeontelé he oma a sem, uation 29) ay estore Sib (2.25) ede Le cota) types offer a a ropsioe 325 bee en eapP fa howe (meme he ‘en of (326) ma be show ocala Usk Bena of tet eng he ete of 10, vreo)— eyo [nate ree 25 vran—raois [erno—vOees 009) ‘sighs eunton see inty—ryce [to 0 10) Pyles £0 ~ v0 "hus spose chase wage eng oma P acorason The comet ov of tes of Prar-Lindltertes sae | orm bese ne ‘etn aerin tetra! we wiped more hey ta ne oes Now we ‘veteran (2) cues ne em al ea oe farm (0 free enaph Base Ole SHO} EHO215 biel sn wih Oso 0 she the up Laem om 0,7] lows ae son of eave teres cern Ly el Taps. te way tar wnefor eatson wed be eon (ning sna) of ga VLSI crea flim A lop later ot 1 ial waver rose lr Se erates Tee ‘apt blog ee stones ele ini us for elo ‘eaten lib opie eal waver recess ‘cone, paca cnt hele Sea st ie Geet © 1 wn age for VLSI cus) pron! serine mbes Be ‘ga yt and ach soso eo comers hs muon ‘Stipe tng fom sage ape see pe compen Fr and ter eeng tao how tcc un ane oe he fonts othe cnacie maging ren se 77 and Pie 37 35 Differential Equations with Discontinuities ‘wn exis qe hay fe ey Steel egum i pow a nd compen, ee teens pie af ies ‘nbs with ccoeman it hn es They tte acy ina cel ‘Settle he sept ite soe of othe. Or of Sonvolr he als he ain he erate vat Eanes ng Se erate bse maheratrl pon wang te io ‘ih iene han ee Toone coer he campos onmesdieenta eq eR Dene ng» feta #732 Sia ee Rv) = Olt teaser (foraly ann | enzo ‘tice led he ching own Now eine ten po LG) fr (e510) 01=:5, 21a) be (2:46) <0)0558. shee foe sat tne tam RnR. gee ff Ich oh eda we cect mae ci ee IS dorm ie llrena eqeton Ings 3.4 eto one ote pobre pri cine wie cou. ne fe ‘he pert a ee jeer Doh pi ore he hey ‘Ste ty one wale inprectciae wihig od {hone sa try oe Meo gare eae, ‘Ssugpsedby eed ig ee fe eure Be op sn) heya em cet cn ten ymin ne ton, nal syrah rv he etaM8 stent gm : R [GUN 34 oie towne seh tie Seats pion Sl nef fama om hte appens ‘Sbeno pratt contin the on eas nts ne ugh Sn boom ie pre evar oy f- bo pan ey fom 8 {ocll ype tte ital condense wnl llo ehe oe of Be {rapes of fof fd wch one scaly apes be ambos. ‘eit Rpt ne Dot ight ne hae cen of te excuse ‘mpc th tee hr ase, Toe dl ee he feria ‘store rca i hr mo er beaks of supe ‘ded paras theeenc an gues of sony no epulat e {yen Tis mes ating aoa pert se pense so ast mae ‘fe sem a wel eed diferent equnton (ating te Sanda existence ‘Seen conn le ating ebb a ewe eed {Sec fap dacs inte deren eqns st sme at 31) eben {Oo yar ichng meta hows niga 35. “ea pe down enh oe25 De Sg win Dieme 95 ‘oe varie y epee esting warble: when y = 4, te dnamics are dere by fom wien y= ay ae Sc yf Aging ‘elaine he hse gras hw nip a be i pw oe cceney ae ver 9 9, Te ue aig Sy (cheng incase 0A, ape al oe iA = ha tle cote tte sirice Ober repr e316 ‘icing var npercoe vichng mechs ache ft, {ime detysasocn wit suscing or ages a” amc ated ‘ide eching mechanism may ab be ee. Ceiset wie oeaing Inston, Fippor (8) oped cut cnc for difetenaletons ‘ih icorinau hande H esn rp rsa “tri eats tik (3.31) a pec on panne, ef sare ex) ‘id J) agen dicta cee 10) OURES. Showing yt viting menon ee 5a GUE. pur tong563 Maem tn Denon 26 Salaton nthe See Figpen_ An abot continuous Iimcton 1G) "OT ] va Baul beg ton of 3320 be eo ‘Big ifr alr (0,71 HEA com FRB) —¥, os) where Bt), aaa bcameredat) and te esi en (ral ef eo mea Hee, om refer he coe a a he ‘ae comer conning (BCU, 1 1. Tedefinton of 6.5) ge etait ieee pene ses ‘conan eet eee tan ne wi a pects nna ‘ahha side, ch ede senso get cet es 2. Tremor of ese DeSoto abet excae ‘atom ch/) wot des o | Is of ee to nethat edetson eaesoly hat Helng 2 ‘Tranegtion 5) sealed vated fret euasonc dena ‘Wel so ye apltn of elon whe yen (31) Date by 2) tee, he ie ae af cane fs) ene jes of (0 spec, (a) Mae rece were fate 28 030) a hee By res. Since (fa al oh anon of x ne ave lead ih is ape, ba Ate =i Age) = iat ne wel eid = € 5, Pligpv defion 35) as at 4 cam F% ertheless (2 ffs” ‘esooos al s fber charted a eset of i comex combats Fe) fray ae +O AUrYF0) {era € 1,1) Hower hen") < and 20) > 0, en fom te ‘tof be catering 3., be det els mae Lemma of "a men ne esto me2 Diet Btn wih Dumais $7 IOURE 7, Cem ef inte comes ala. od yesh shar nig ft) in te ave bl fe et esas $s, {ease mae be shy eee Sh " 0) ney ‘his osacon shown in Fie 3.7. The cnsrco iconinn wih Se tie its epson Sof 1) ere hating ‘enmity pled onesie te nrg te hater Pater he apt of he sper ser ao te marae of ‘Soret Ths rete ar be dng mode Pecan Sao yt) 0,48)» Orally Be) fe). 635) fete FELL ——S ere smal pie umber. The undertone {ned alngvapctresof /1) nS, tds se off) 3. Egon (230)isreteed shell sig sndon wl prtes aes tec anced oe align, The odin lobe a bel ng ‘on he tall BC) an chen be way e ‘When A (e) > Oud") > Oem consent wih he on of Fre Sdn be town (Lamm 9 Flips 0a hat be cry eed inh ee of Fpor ta ny 2” conan wi Sad oe fo 3.10 5, Soap. Woo 6°) © 2-0") = 0, ana my how a tte wager gor to 8 oS tape hese of on {covet ith sea of Caatodiny ene ca sae an pve + Use at the ene wigs sion nh soe Ppp Te eea 95 3. Matematica kd coveted citi of esos eis Teas $12) ‘tye Lipschscoity spins on Jtr 2) aay oS et ‘Semester eres any a be G0, La <0, ‘stay be shown a assem with tp coin has ise soins in tee iy If seach pt cS a kas ee of Be faowing wo nus Aer <0 LeD=0, cormtcmrsety be ipog cect soot me 8 ‘Re Beco when bot fr engin w be re at pot Ins ce cor canbe ma pt eed os ei ‘Big asc " eeing omen ware ie ae, it ff notes nce tine When Ju fw te pdt Sevcpecn perio See ing mae i) nh tance hat be") < O and 2)» 0 fra completey ‘Sulu o (35) may be baie One eas way of pig ame fsedingcvlpmestin comets tine utes ene arian te by asemening eS ace wi he ae st geting te Sas sah = 1 This va very weal ei known pension. We wl ne ‘Scewion owe apn Ae ee, te (1) shen ss nee mat Spence ches Mh ingestion (398) miedo Seanad tregentein.o—te wih te weg: 0) ea ng to ech mens ee es es — *F et eae G0 Ue <0ssi fr each (1) € My Seats ee et wit fy but ‘hate varying singers Si) = tes40.0 =01 Foe hint change ay oe esting aman, 3.6 Carleman Linearization ‘We bein his set wih some ssn: Oem mae A oo7 we dels Bl Kronecker pact, Senied by AB RES ted aud at ‘Te loving oper of te Kanes ra Pole 3.13, Propeson 327 Proper af the Kronecker Frac, )+(AeD)+@e)+ HED) asmewc+n) 2 (asec) = (een AAD ae ogra imei 01 A Brand (ear! alone Slam ar andra Bier theron ofA. “The Kroner rset may be wed a We he Tse ofan aie fein J ss: {= hot BerRrersheerest es) ere # ad F< RO By ooenon. + epee ne) ‘Watteite The Ter aie wale ncn comers he emai oenovernce Uc Ti pene» Orci Vd) ch oe veew [ro $o0| xe ‘Some sana ings may be sie by ing atone fhe veri 2 ‘eenjen Foretanple ir © Wand =2, ne be dat fx nus nad nn on aea eure hat "(be fine se and hat DY) be niga or (Fendi) 190 = hal ha harass othe unary of "fp ch a De isn for x € Jp) then per op Now Pigg ine fen dete atf.p.D)= A.D) ‘Teepe off with esyctoDat te ot pa 2a oe user fico te euen J) = p. Wey tno ee eh sen Is gwen asin eer Ler—1 depending onthe ign be dt oD/ 3), "feiss "olame mega oralforihe dep ep at) Hindy= | 96te)-mseotind, 04 ere > O aml an yo 2 Ry v4 Ry cates “tas” hatin, Satie 1 #0) =0e2 2 2 [veces Preto vlume integra mula Assan ht Mp) = 2900 ‘he eft a slant e) = p Thee ea a = nck 9 ‘ee tut J 8 homonepiom om ech bal BG.) v> Bt). his ‘sree enalie, refed te sk ectds een he nei) We me reve) 8, [reve neosne- $f, sares—menorine Detsing oe change of aes) = fs) pth ashen De = DY) an ‘ting ) = ae sien). we aba oe Sandad ‘Eine ates ool for tame nea thr. fps fe ce ya. [rs ac senda vy a. “nein heen piste era nf37 Depeey 108 In. ist step we sed chang of ale forma he ct at 6 ‘thoy sl espn fhe era of DY) i cote ee Sic ep we aed ea Joan Ptid0= [ ytndae= ‘Wemiy poop he opener of dere ino to cape 1 Topsoil Propet of Deere 1. Bondy Dependence in ey een fe 80, Bente et Sipps ht (ef) = pts 0 siaton + € 8D frany € (1:60 {lp D)eacoamat fr) 2 Cay, SCF Dea comic tn of fat 1fe)~ a6) ihecocne mtr poste de ‘Then equation (245 hat stone tion oral Prot Te pot crstsnesithing Batol ote enim. Dee mn o4—ne ow, ave hat Fig. =e fe) +0008 =H +e ~Oe. ‘Snes seca psi £0) > fer > R- Ase Gi ste ‘dmc 2" Ge ye and da el» we ne it? Ge 4 > OF {fitima i) we ave te.) 20nd 27M) = Viel mast, R) 1610.1129 Bases pny 17 Since he st = man) 5 Dont ft open al f=) = Inch) lows a ates rope shove at, 440,800.89) = 1 ith ma, RTs he equine) = Oh ent ne aon Inte 30.8 . Propenlon 331 Satrang Reine Cone @ anna cet wih ‘one elon ny (345) Ae at 1) cena aretha |< fore RE Terma mona ‘The eatin (45h eat onlin fr als Prot Coser remipyng 45) 27" tet FT) = EHH EHH Hs Snce H scamiogl, wehave dat HE > 7aP, See 9) bounded ‘ere ene Rach PH fla) 0 Wik ate eu ofthe per afr A (2h (2) weboenersndo teupeot inane deci Foie ent = Osc at 0) =f ‘henwetollbve 7H" fi) = “80H f(-2) Thandie evo goon an enaies te conlson at), (2 do tpt ee “econ. By Aten: Pope 6 ahve, lions tf 0B) ian ‘times 2 39. Basics of Ditferential Topology Rowaly sealing, mnie ge acl” ke vcr sce at we gotaly ‘red sae, Bumps sound ad ere of ee ely ‘a? egal ened errno ahr a bt aba nt ‘Necor pce. Te qusen mt ress oo toma isin io {pee ot of eer In par, at saeco ae ely {nt apce? One ses at acl ae a cal fa” pce be ey Extent a wecor pce Ge igure 39) By ta ee eae dos ‘Shcyartig be obey Steeda pe nce ghd te vee ak ete pla. In flowing ec ne wl susie hs 39.1 Smooth Manifolds and Smooth Maps LeU c Rand V Cm be opens Amun f:U r+ Viele smth, Mal pal erates [88-0 38,8 wd we Cnt, Mote088) ewe XC Rand Yc ae ay ae of aca pce tecemay ope ten Xv Y ced woah erent open 7c conning X ala smondh ppg FU rR ee ih 7 Io nx.dtydv Vandy re Z we sno0d, ben seisgs/ =X Z Detnton 332 Dithomerpi!. Aimap f 2X + Y sid w bee ‘omarion fe memory Lego ne onions mop th ‘comin mers) nd fod J and J ae moet Theseus X and esl 9 be eomorpi if he ex ao) ‘romain eveen es Some examples fs cieonaphie © ad ex ‘item toe ted iva, clean ope ae shown i310. Delton Smo Mando Dimenionm. Amt AM CR called ‘temogh mano of meson m foreach x © M there a elphorood Win (W Cy ars aifeomerpe wan epen sit UC A diemerpim y fon W 9M aU cle tem of cone co Wontar iese yee parmaeaton Te ep ots eed (Saeed map The cetniea ase nPpwe samples 1, Toca ! W deed (se 8,8 € (0.28, 2 Tet phere Sc WP dette by (nt) af oad ‘ooh ated iments ne, itch tad (anima) isa39 Recetas 108 oa Oe Dei Ne scounne ee ss << 1 pumas he elon $7 > Of By inetgingHO. Mami pout Inne he marin pei, he pace fags mais theme ‘We percep th refi ae on manic 4.92. Tangent Spaces and Derivatives Inari tote ste toe be ite Df ofamap f: MN been tno ‘Snot mud wef cee nein tone ace TM, wo En Fa, mom cme perpen ot pons ‘it ips son ens Sly 7 he batne pennaion BN aye 7th, Te Df tee bar spainaion fama fom Tit eT, Mae pcic weane Djrasfalons Formas f:U eRe VCR uhb,1 toon some Stace erate Df when map Dymo agen i) =p He =f (yes eU mathe RE ta fat Renn nen Eamsgueny DFco Dh ey etl tap Dy hasta es sige hs dmeson peer meee teeming) eR Hc id. Nsmocd mefaeotmensonm nsec My ~ fs) en the eave Df ie mio mT 9 TN, Sete fw sce 7 ‘Ssmoad tae ox aapF ened on on ope set W eB oman # 0 Sete cine wah fm WPM Now ee DY (0) be eal DE) fora eM, To js eon, we mst pve a BP) bog {2 TX, 2 att he tame no mae ich Fe Cool ae vowewcat WV CR NCR! foc isd 4) fxd). By eng Uy asa sf ce We may aue at (0) CW al at f= (0) Po YU ‘owe at bearings cal comme nga shove we 3.14 Taking rae, eae th we Be ew eee aay PRE 315 Commune Digrmof DaeInge (Dy) The apron 35a eae Ua he esting map Df, Some te seerd on Fy flowing lower ann agra, ow a Df, = DY, aD19"" 2 295108)", ce (D4) tiene , reac te image of Dts (Dlesbo tbe efnsin of Bf, nnepentef Ur ceo Chars, Ys te deal of rao eter Asef he dervatve piss fan ropes: 1 Chain Rae JM Nand 8 6 Pa amo y = 7) ten Digs N= Bes 2Df can) 2.16 CN and ie son mip hen TM, cM, whine map Di, ee e318). “Tee popes sy og ie aber) 6 ve nina ead toe alone pops ropostion 337 Det of Ditorphisms ae Komori. iff TN Dadar en Dc Mo wacom of Prot Se bie 3.18 3.93 Regular Values Lat Mv N tea sncth ma beeen malls of sine diet. A Potts M audiotape fifth dethe Dy, sons [FD te sgl series pan ares pi fla en the imere con harem tf map soigtwinod ena moa ghost y= 0), Defntn 38 Regula Vales Chen amapf fom Ms 9 6 ssa ‘bearer eer poate") a repr poe A poly © a tobe rival ft he map of a one ein Thseachy © sibel alana ale scoring SG) dns er Sr oo comin stl pt compan 7 ES ls/14. Maem Mtge sep vale te ht) ie Fes, i eae vi, en ‘Se maber of ports inbeset "(aly comnt neigh 1 Pentre acre te eer eee Athen oh {Son sro exes ath feria vale owe ese ‘Soneuy at of mesure nthe codons. Te pct fi eae ‘utapaitnecodomminafe map M re 8 igeorealy areal ao, St seedy ves genni eal ey ay pom if {i yn the cedoein af temp eel aloe, hee we ea ‘si ls aly sl ahd feng ep find we sping er the ere et set at ‘Seal ner inner ere he nape of fae an te co Sty Ince image ra bea of Nf Snes est intherangec fw ecal ie widen craig Sard “Me ml now ee rela wes for mage betwen mane of wry imei ile ay teed case atm =m. The eae Me defied ete ef pois sh a Di:TM,ro TH, at ak et ham Le ot ot, Te mage et of rip these aie ey exon Sus ore ela he ‘set vega vale of J eeryhre ese NT lowing harem ‘coemny clas Wa tcomas mns: ‘Tor 339 Imes Imager of ReglaeVae If M ro ea meat ‘mip henecn mani ofdnrstonm = mandy C1 arpa va, en Mein f Gj eM taamooh mani ameionm Prot Let € f(y) Sey a eae a he ete DY, aps ‘PM nt TH, Comeguenty Df has mm eel al pate TMF c Ry chow nner map LR re RO" whch ene eco etpaceN Row dr te map by F05) = (SLs deve DF, i eu (Df L. Tas, DF. i aang oengeceF mae ome ago of eo ae fest V off. Le) Alona tht F 0") = (9 "nin mae {Q)0 america ono] RT") V. Ths we ne etal aha /) ira enooh mani mension mn “Taped ere ents ton nner enmplesaf manal, seccemne 1. Tents Sin etre by Se eR eh bogey in texenntes mil imenion 19 vein aresie ale tema ff sea39 Nove Demi Topsy 15 2 Tesetolimarisia Raf dteminat dentedy SLi auld enson w= Tas my bestows y vein at reps abe of (fede ncton doc =" ‘3 Tetetafalohgo mcs in of Seema denied SOG). ‘Tol of ier ar ay be ered by mang that mae Ae 503} echaacned ‘Tismanolds res ipa sce teste pce of al aint: hoa hod inspace Re geeaoion oe peo nm ares ‘roy 80) 8 mide enon nx = D2 394. Manifolds with Boundary Manolis tne hve ends do satin Boers in te ese tht he ‘esihrhodo every pom eomepie In err eo (hts ara spre esl codes hose arr a ope itor ‘ends deoorp open so of tt whan mre bos) mt tematic Roughly Spesig anole wth banca are mans ‘te oa the deed Ba pcs oer oper sb of) Moe sel ee Weak 2) anit ound 3H dened oe he ype (0) ¢ Defnton 340 MaildewitnBoundar. Anu X Caled anmoct cinrinl maf wi teary tach © X has amighborhoad UX ‘Steere aspen eV PP of Te bday 9K te ete a etna which conespond io "er ch difeomerphm eis cay very hat te Banda Xe el densi mcf of Sein» ae narion 9X asm male iene ‘Thecaget pce TX, fod abe ln Smeal get ace, Aare Aci va een re wy163 Maem Bepon ropeston 341 Lt M he a manifold whe Bandy and eg: Mme R Inve arrears Then x= tew st 20) ‘ve amoth manifold wth Bunda pao #"0 Prot The ot lish ies Thee 3:39. ample 2. 1. Teak D* coming fells with Sere sa amoth monolith bundy give by 1 Tho are tndand ay of aking mane wh unary nt of ecg si oper yg apo ese ar 2.17. Sl [func pciesoserwherens sng er oni proses the hed ibn Yr rsh bundy of te cy ro cps of Sand tat of he Matar bad ion copy ofS (ec or the rear Tink ‘huh rh wn happen hd i freeing) ‘Theorem 343 vere Image of Regular ates. Conerasmonth map f XT fom oom manda t Bowery Xo na manila N win > 3) Ch areas ohn fn resion [0K ten J'Q) Xi 2 sae) anf nar arthrmare te bound 9°) ‘spect egal we recon of f=") mth Prot Sith proper oro isle se cone eit saa coy mop ely pce Ht RY wi ea vale 91 PEG) an erg of f= ten an Thee 339i flo ta {5 fye smart esd ini ib fF Nom spon it F4 ‘oun pit Chea sth map: Ure Ra dele enon Theihboad a2 Ran cine wid fon U1. Replacing by 3 — Ss 229 nace Det gnony 17 sculpted if ces, we may ase tx ht noe pins, Shp) smote mal of imemson mn Letw go> dente oan pokeon Fleet We ch tat ha spr al nde nen geo ¢l) at posites” @ keqal oben succor ay mao tare hypodast 8H esa priest is allopce cine ‘compe const sR. ewe beset g 1) = f-1G) 00, coming oll x€#") wih 20) 2 estnbmiy ep opin oe Wemsy aw prove ns py fren eta, Bower Sed it ‘hear hl we ond vs ces of dee hr. The Po! eeniate Isogenics, mina 348 121 X bea mano ith boundary Therm smth map J 1m Bx sarees 9 poe fed ee grease castes ser cee tot Ssnoeae P')nax= 0 Hower 1) eaboconpcand eel computer den anos {2 dij en of ec epee, 3/710) a he pte foay tatenrte teeny eee We de te ik Em a leeR Wf teal en sno n-dimensional mal wh ouny pen ye it pee Sa eeR aE oe ‘That pcan ropoiin ti not pablo end heey map SF ia soon ap bv 5 amen 345 Brower’ Tere or Sch Map Any mocth ny & Divs Dhara fandpon e Dwg) = =183. Matec Bagrt soy FROURE 3. Cone tt oo Re re est ms rot Supa hat no aed oi Fors © Dt fs) ©! bie tener ang) oe ne eagha ) eFpre 1).Ten Feasmonh ep nD" > Slay Sa Te 8 ges ‘he pecans (fe) ame wien ote So)meeoe tetas VRPT rots ne to me pce ens piatig yma mpg hese’ cian be Reena pte Reocmisiisceatpnnostocin R's Rn Pee ee {erre br inondown geo i wee nie ‘en FD Fad A= Gin <2 6 DS at Gini fre © ohn Stan) = spots balan mote co i oD Sy Smee Ta Pu@arinred baniieseont mp seta an Tha catens fede 3.10, Summary ets caper weve ped et fatal as fo testy a ‘solica tens The eds hi ben rene eve ae ee ‘te ludtme aio reese Ths met hex vc af et ‘Spt hore er ete fr eal [5 9), a3) We tenidninoacion theese el nguner bec oresets rons jt e121, 1 incig vst foo ‘Spi’ ede voltae tld tne ore ean ‘oc onotns nets uniques undies nese faery Trot We eidvor hve weal Gucnion mera neta oping (etal ego, fr «fal even ef tame Slke eles oe {eh Howe oe dace ete sls teeta eps led farm rsa 07, bh fli cet ert plate We (aso the enrasaton of dee hear ere oa de hry nt me ninco ite psp Ost ween See ey {wed dt ot [pare elt sy ws ay Sed pt ‘Seren ine Bunch spe hich eau pons The ‘Seen cee uly tana an fllwed he se of 21 ‘tester aston pol rato ole opin. oh ‘SUI (3 20 Trea ery ering ners o Brower fe pt oe, char Kalin Sed pout were wich a est (pote i theta! enor er fr eam DA, ie ae ‘Snemnal cuneate cae te Roe ‘Sere flor prong cern ad fine eoniaaiy eke ro 3.11 Exercises Problem 31. Show hate ors | a saat on Problem Meanurestamatia(B Gienamari A CC emeanee Smarts etna se seam om yen trae "he ones decorate he || fn say eect At ow pee at 1. Feral R= 0, led) = cnt, 2 mC" Rls ncomen tn dt forall A,B C4 Aen) A+ 298) © A6(A) +00 Km, B-HCA) = Re CA(A) = HAYoo 3. Maemo Betpoud Problem 33 Matis menses. Induced arms, Prove rte ee are ye nom wee woveenfne- Da een rename Eig] Problem 4, Ui hfe ei eae ove a he ion falar ying ler equice Aloe sscrere|— [' ac-ac-enae] « ton) = veers f° aca tL | {acon} Problem 5. Give rf Proton 315, Problem 6 Gives roo Popastion 325. Problem 17 Wareor reucatn ring ssiems. Wok ote eas feed vet he Parle ton on (32 scl ove tren 9 i comeing pine Ast sen Asn ti ie onto et are ed unr fr neon on, 71 em by Ine (eae +400) Non hoe ato mee iaton sp contain mp, Problem A, Propxion 125 ue canton ander whic pl eet unos of he frm of 25) cole eased ermal form gua Here ‘reenable te mpi ean cane be mae en Sonne ow ‘Dra pe prio is ste 1 os reeset te alge egaton tstcarweinte ne Ft Ast eutntace heave “arte on care. Core ao wha he let gen Joes be {ears (Soi) The cen renal quton cube oop fae lng anes oftrea posal impor ym ing ins, ites gens (eet nd eee pte, Dan RC eu wi nea emir ‘ie monet wow egeion 8.0) Problem 39 Coser ie fc of are siching nie phe ES Rae 3 Dew ea pase power 8 0 Probl 310 Sing mae cnt ncran war sams. Conse etiwarine ying cole oo ° a+] oe asn aay ain aod Le Trea (Darcottnownenaynebnow enya, Dan henste 2 Oho onan, ean make sig ‘Src, cme won te ten (31 ass te bale ‘Sedan ame Seen sane! forse 6 This wl ure at we each sli aie ine ne Epa wy Now show tn onecon he sig srace wean ake eke Store = nit) ase) oto no syapaal yaa ee oe “Sra his nl fer sv choca of) an bond 2B waco oe thunder pa lB = us? Can you Problem: Pean-Baker Serie Coser erie arin dani Aint), a) me vey ha heaton idee ouaon afm 0) = 266 eee mn cade fennel men ste soan temas24. Mate grin etl eon eAwx, XO=1 Now prove Huts AC) ound te Re te flowing coment ees ‘xpunion for U7) cel Pan Bares enn [a0 Aerode ee fon fats [Nee séee Problem 12 Numer aon ehlqus horderRung-Katt, The “Tor sees egusion fa esol eile etn Ff an te = mh with y= a(n) een by Be =a) = Dif et Ft) + Dalat + ere, Dsante dervaiver ithrpeto te land sco pone ‘eat arr Ref eto et © once et pact fot gen a cn ish te lf Since alr o'er yf) Pre a Shonen shattnttnend, Om) scent fr eit fh yl ei fr, Problem 413. Prov Propston 3.7, famof gun (8). iets nea owl quo ove ‘Sevane cnclason rs aweroblem 215 Careman Linariationsltions, Cone he pointe (Geman newton (0) gen) tf ae ase 08 tn with popinnal condos on°-Shon, gen T > Oat nal Dnt ne smal enough at «(6,71 be lee oe te Bes ‘Sey ors*() song 13 wh ent lan fo.) an eum Fittrowne exponent ‘Problem 216 Carman (i fimariaon of cont toms, Rep te ‘Srpot be Caenaninssaton rte cnn tem hs inp ety seasons oss 2s oo Aw [x ears 056 Bhs t alo less] o [a oom F ‘isiefena she Cremin aration fhe conta semi it iota ins tt rans ier nu ie oral fr scsi 0, rblem 317, Poe tht be defn te eae Den stich evo pend onc of cornu ar ns etn.1263. Mana Began Problem 18, Pove Popndon 337, Problem M9, ove at: Ms tsa mapa y sep aie the map and fa compact man ben est") Ee Problem 328, Pov i: 8 =» aso mp an yep ae the mp’ M a cong an hee set J") selena ey ons na eighhriod oy Problem 21 Stakotrecrsthecrem. Povethai/ Me» Nisasnoah ‘panty repli be of he mapa scot mio! sd ee Fp) = eh thn ee ent poo Uo OF este stent oye fname Problem 22, Vit SL amanilit neon —1 ae oe, (here te ol ler te deter acon of atk Problem 423. Prove SO(n) is mnie of dneson t= 1/2 Prot 424 Showa ees mae oak amano Problem 325 Global verse fncton them (22.4 hese of Pai Ses aap "Rr Re hy sac tel sige, ‘huts B/ (om gectne a lineata Ft Td pe, {as (10) cmpacwhea KC compat Nov. sbow tte xa ton mi)" em» Ry sth ht fre muse ese Gee Pies 32). often sma ¥ [roam hen bay save Problem 326 Lie Group S0(). Gives geome cescrinin of he ng ‘ace $O() espe wsay ates a "ha rmaces Ue ‘stebig OU = Id deen (U) = +1 rela he urge ce Mi wtieay U « SO(3) 10 be angen space ae ety Moe peel, Socytmenunlet mild whch kos gov. Sach mani ee [Le groups an ti anget pce wy (0) cal he soci Le Alera, Ti i lcs nee deal m Cage Problem 27 More matric Le groups, nhirclen we will Siu oe 1. Consider seta nna ce mos, Dente GL) freon ‘ae group Pe Bat CL) ae group. What Is neon 2 Govaerts ofall monary mainte bat A= A! ‘sheet Dens ithy SO() Gopal erage) PvE |{ht 500 ong, 9 ee Wa cia ony ut ‘Sy me ret 3, Sen 8 tern lis id S010) b€ RY Den ety SE) (or pc Bosen poop. retat SEn) batle rou parlr be steta wea orm othe ‘See eenens in Sp) Wha te diesen f SE)? Problem 28, Prove Proposition 2, Problem. LU, yan pbetwoteencortint castor ‘tras post pe sod cimensonl manfls eh rl corie (Pe Dest te cordate tuforison = ¢ 2 yy Sa) Hs on ce Tr my be egret San, ase Ply Bone ‘ve ets feel by ‘ble 3.38. Finda pone: destin oft pent ace facie ‘andar 5 Mae pvr haan ous soa he ‘Sheet pica be prod ovo mas My» ‘bln Grasmannand Stel Manis Dee Graumann mon {ld Gm. ote ce lm ison mpc ot Ret a ‘leet i,m) iy eer cgence uf eas ‘tek wih eqns cs seedy Intecqualene caste refesocane fbf tebe rove ‘2 opaog interim Rm) mano. Wha cienson? Ganyoaiemty G2), cimn= ‘Def Sift man Sint kGrassmaa ssi with otogo bos Tin emerson) angus ar matics Ue ‘ish O7U = c 8°" waht quan cs eed by U~VeW eS0im) santas UAVW Wt the denon Simm? Can yo ey Si I.) Simi? ‘Problem 3.32 Moreen, Let "r+ Rand f() = 0.Pove ttn einai anton may writen f= Sven os136, Men wae (0) ie Now ey bean premio fat Ist Hesian DE) imine, Prove sing peeing fit ata respira U of eres demon fom ee n= ye Rot f=fw-Rom Beets GD ‘hs mma cle te Mor ema on epee ilps we ioaly qantas The sgt he Hen contané ep mies ‘place Think tot at ay ape aloe epee Canteen rons ne wohrs) Ser (moe su 0? (edi ou Molen 39 Deen lett conse lf 10)= Bf) == DEF O)=0 BVO) 40, en eres cl chang of ores x Re» y« Racha fakes ‘etm 4, bev ‘Teesgn inte econ equation stove it hal of 04/0. Problem3.4 Splinglemma. Th peceing pte 333 apy al ha dpe ons flr eae cut tre oe ‘lao di ft ove ving car For mate cos, eo ‘Sens can doth flowing comet, kw esting emma Le (Potts Rady bencrcal ato f Lethe ean of fear. Use {oot fp te Moe nana Stat sos fo oe wine th Hes goa ($10.0 and en enh ‘adr isieomonpian fom Hach at V2 28 AB Hp 9 ox) whe he dervatvean Henan vata y =4 Input-Output Analysis nhs dae we nrc te rade vst metodo te eet at ‘oul of nna sym The eds Svein eee 1, Opin incr Appoint or enter Stns Ti i oman fates cle the cevebing fete cho whi ol ‘kn te ey elas eck gph Re ‘oleae ne lop 2 npn Sly Th it an exe view a he abit of one ‘hems anwery Se gui of when ound ipl poser Rod ‘sip Ts se compared wis ini e ae ceo Lagan {pro suas text chp {Ver ipso fr oniner Stone Tian tpt deve so seen) danas of ep on sar eae usr of emioer ene Insane ses hig ees the ei rach pt upto {nar sem i ay nen cote Sane, Zases opr, Dose anor An len case meer urbe bok o Dest ‘snd Vyasa The caren adem wesc fey wie se ‘ne, ony te dele of esata wow wea meres matinee |as 4. apt Our Ane 4.1. Optimal Linear Approximants to Nonlinear Systems ni etn we wl be ree in ying © moe none ems 1 Hoar ome wie pos th hoa” pponnatg ne Sen rues nono apa West wisn pt np tpn ‘yon More esl evi oor sa a pu uae Fp em c.g cme nets on, (0, 2. ‘Tonpvonselapta'© C(O, ce) weil sume nos enone ‘Suet las coenen oi, etd) deed on (0, w= Non €C0.2) ‘We wi now opty apron be nna system fr x en mene Impetus © C0 co) 6) Seagate Te sof nears, _Teceiy Wich ne iconic opal ypu epee {Scams fom arial opr Ts fran mp © C0.) 8 Cusp athe aa em W men wih be uiestning that) = 00 <0. The comolton Kei ces {Soins te means gael ero ies by Cr Ee “Te toning sums wll odo nse theotninan poten a 1. unde pu eandd Oia (hb. Sab, Fr sven b ee xs tno) och OD 8 Ia mg) eral © (oT ‘Sled iptt demas et ered ea ound Ou 2 Cat, Sable palmar elas of ppeosmaog Incr Secs ‘Suncom! inane patowndedeprabeie 0) #08 <0, ro [wide eve «3 ‘unin (43) rues tnt x unde lop x) 9 he ear stm W woe ound ot 2 Sant of pat Tens us sana exes xf. The tring of ony determi ial is ‘te Witty of yrraaed amos amass 74 Opin Ln Aroma oNmino Spiess 129 an Sate tects Asp: Rid Oa Yneter a ey yee) neh nance, int 8) independ of ical te aeaince oe ‘concep of crane wll known inte ery of tech ym hue ister ened acorn Thea ose aay betes (Spun (7 tnd wo te peed ve Batu +] wien felesev sae eee process But we ese th he deision (aly comply erat Te ein may to eplacy n0 na fin [as mt ‘afl nw=nen We ed te comertce ithe dein feuton (45) 1 eur t+ Inorg tlhe lng oe win vr wh he etd sonetdason gown Rel te tn ofan oe Deion 42 Cre Covariance Let) 9() Rvs be sony The (nr covence enon an yen ee ll rm Asbo, we may ene i a= Bai wom (tis canbe proved trig fo he Sefaon (ae Problem 42), Ths, the ‘oer tandormotbesatane anton Repost nan (0), "hg desi che a) le Scns pheasant se mcrae Sele cman) mera anes— serena gran pl dnt sia = [omnes a tomtom at DM as Sie gop of le de i wl he falwig reposting te soon be plan xt isos be ine, neater for 15 O and) © Then us story th eaterarance Be) hens {ey ter ees oan been a9 By Dl « _ Si = FuKr rt i ei 9 ey 9 ion, | ‘iaeene aR ot (LL Lomemte some 24st de et) forma ° PRR(TILL” mone omtiie- meena) Focal einer sbove et abel Hse MG) € Li hens, ean Inrange oder fe aton 6 ala nin [7 [xeoneonsen moses saishing te sy af). To show ha ate xs aco creo ‘even ya, om rected iy [° [Laome-nar erent newt tod =4 palin pia en Syme 131 ete eral The ra above exis abit eM) Ln, (ean inecang he orf pason in yt = [7 menmar +ende, a ‘ings foeing etniions and ropa weet owing ‘Theorem 4 Optima Causal Sable ica Apri, There exist an pia cal Bi seiner tom pprosinan sng te pinaton Polen of (42) wihcmolton emt") The marr tote) = gr a0) thee 6 i sh hon rth crt cea bee) and We) (ndoe(s) ee coro emer ua Wag) ead ea ‘Be previ puton wi Wipe by May Proof et ete comolton ker ote pian te, We ow ‘tara pial earns bo sale poste eis sce eon (42) sunt ezvolton keel) Now oa} We Sulcate (4e") Ses) ete hee) ea) Een oer fn [fom wan? twat] tnt [ ffm? -a0mx0e0 wore}. «09 oe Di) = Wal?) — Wa) ithe ie ec pear eee W {n1W" Fortean lobe nampa fra Da) we ma ind [fom et aia ee ee can ft) «ut =< anny Bab [[lowo-wome-ou] Haasei 12 pO Ami ‘oimecange en ton tis covet ene ey ee ‘he gun (410 8 =o ais Jn, [00 —weorercoa onset er Wn We bike at [09 -weoie oe er pn pa tf) O gen anne = nti ee Soe contin) 4 Sein, C1 ete witht ht) soi. hati) = a2. Indore we hve = Ofori Now angie oor be ot ‘lon nh othopenaly snide ela een, t= i, [asmee—a(Easeeen) $8 ten Fen) =o. par em Wl ae Sioaefoc We = nila + niente wee) + jp) = WCF, th Wo) bg ie Foe are te cane tre (Ths he oss coaroce G0) 8 tote BO, By npc ftw ath opin nary ls hane W* (J) “jt weigh One my t= Dae coe luonkene wt) = 80) Nirwana hopin1A ap Cup Ame ‘bo abe tinea approsmant depends ono he amp ud ren hepa sral Te opi wasn one whose equ fin feqsny ob congo of he Fre se edb at ‘hemo ompane fhe of nonessential ‘yh or opal ne proximation. Ths ered ta Urine of harman aan Tite ance thn) ito, teens oe css corn als +(0+Zpesmien+ Zann) can ae #8 oar) 0 thon ea se eas hae Fe orm f “Tush opin iar sstemsinas emanates hormnic (foe mapa cb aco am He ronnning cat a ‘Remar neat i hr ys pln lee ot lt in Ten Serge wut aan Awa) ve “Thus, be desing Fanconi compen mamber wich i econ of {tng and pide of ing ey a he a ‘ironic of the pat of be sont Prope of Desig Factions Proposton 45. tenner) mena and eimai en ave) independ of Pro Se Faerie, ‘Asaconseenc of is proposition Weck we te ollie frml fore Fouts ets elise sowing ender Se cia} ["naanrie ve, , wa tio! [ nosaprnoes.4 patina genes einen 135 rpoton 6 Sept hat cson a) oan eter nda nes ho! cone) she? We eR 25) ‘ham the describing econ la) safer by 2a) = a0) root See aces, 41.2. Opti! Linear Approximations for Dynamic ‘Nonlinearits: Oscillations in Feedback Loops Wee soil how tronic ice ae i cin he deebig te tooo! umpleoonnea ye emelenenoarins ee ad tenes ack. Theme es may bec 0 Sami een Comte era, F4aityen 25 i fog w = Asin. tke ete syste paces 3 pric apt (hs ve oma sumo sce ser sme oleae Sere any elt pero ec ma re ea 0) y= S esata +, hse 2 i pi then te other) Asta, Spying his eatin ede an ‘Thus fone were psi incl ba ae points ‘Enlthesoninear syn (25) kwouldbe ie Forres gn) ‘ven by wht enero mth dering oncton a Defnton 7 Desebng uncon Gn. Coniera ound banded ‘su tle nner yom i ia inp ul) = in Ur164 tp Ou Ant sumption he op of hanna tes perio th Frese w= Snsinaar + , an) he deserting econ pn ecole umber eentig the eae {rive pina appsinoing cau Biba, abl nea tom ven) 9) ‘Te ey pit te defo te moe sumpin at te po he gue per ih he tame prio a ta Noea syn a ee ‘TSteons components com ui for hs deat. Te dering incon de bv shade rope beefed he ino (Trebing fcon Examples oe etre fanctons may be ed (Ces and ver a 0D Noe tte deb he ob non ‘bat the nnn of aman tle. ‘or ofthe nape sof oe cing feos ta pring (ity sata) cits olin cna sytem, Cie eco ky (Redck sume coating of nine Siem and nea tn NOME ‘Store 2 Th worynens Nand Gwe escapes by wont varmcaths [oxo Comin teins weno [fee-ormerod 9 “Te probe tw ease i wher (40) haa ed pit). Te ist pose toy an sin, o of Nt) Lo Ga *y PICURE Ay teOpi ine Aroma Nalin Sem 87 the docting neon oN 6 3.8) = 99 + Js the (NOK) Bas & sina) + rcs. Now. the aetna (gent rena + vaca) i alae) + Joao) = fo). Now equating et harman oo the lean tn igh ee (3 ls 1+ Home.a) 0 «sn gutioe (4 hart nko nd ann guins Sepang ito ‘Sel en imaginary parts i be exo T4ma.0)=0, va.0)=0 ‘he dating enon metal clin the slsion (2.4) aeonnaely ‘ent eur sample te ion Nevin tone [tee tomeanaon lise Tate )ean te mechnzed gap. pec ft onary Vemma Then 6) el oon ee ‘So teen of nd eve 1+ Aun) 9) Gopi sequoia seed ote Nut rama) a shown a ‘Rete {2 The por ef enncoon of he Nyy las wt ces of Fins ell guano cn ote Nygard te enpie file nthe deserting antennae sete os ‘en notary i which ae the eigenen 9) a ‘Ten he may puro ea (31) uel fo) = {ert inary pat an he lp fh ae cin ese Ieuan vn a) = pry ite apes 3am Ts import wise at hs meio ma ave elem i oe soaitesty 3 gers cotter nao oe ft baron 8 Ine wi ite tates et I hs tance sumone ym ROURE 4. Gnpte dacs lectin con meadm4 tp oun Ami (orm of be init yl neta oti oe oe fom Hab seston, ‘he desig fantom no compte to be he oman rm is ‘on thou of mle sem We) fhe Best + hen a tr tee te Si i Sate pian=} [nb ramnsnves nad! nbsasanonver ‘Noe paisa, at fs be eos of ab Nowe const nd tarde mets) we en by ola.) + leben) + an ba)2con) ie a = BO 2b) + Jab) = BJ) Baba) + [Rue bey) ung oes ide wi2.b)+6=0 Leiehay =. «sn s.b.) ‘Suni 433 baie ants bs ane gun, Tee meer tex) pape ayo mecanie sats of He se (439 41.2 Iustifcation ofthe Describing Function Wet esting non cain remy ets wdbagnceri ecg” petra tuo ow when pe becorec TEREST wit dbs pou Te tnt ale tno fe eng Fenton mca ghen y Bergen nak 2), a we ever ie: Tis we fe ie ocd ner te term oe si SS er igher oe tan w llow Lett?) bea riod wo of (422) ‘Mhpened? = 2 Toe a= Swe «wo ‘Asse th Nl) a pee wih ower ees won F sewer, 5)4. ina in erin Baer = (ey) ete ves For ees concn of Frm (5 a5 tions ta Come) =F ateortiabre, 26 ey te seen ee blelRaty, b= 2, a ato 437) eet nel my eee ine eaves, Fort 2h. Ofeowe, 3) ne eof eos turned k= 1 evened Sey = n= tae, ti epaon 5) a ‘Serene eu (7 ne aslo hes anal en weld Stand ieo Ain atiennnce (aera sen, ‘eave woud sto exectequsios (a7 onthe soo ‘recog mar Sri comer espace eons fos wid sera Stereos yea ater ac ve may coir ose Mites an ener 7) coh unsrscag Oey pester st Pave be poset op: br cl, Tre Clo T peg ch erie ‘tions cus ionamin it P= ~ P comleney ‘gar pene coe renaig hwo). Then ean 7 ay Poem -PalON (Pat Fe Frew FON Poe Fe) “ 11 Fete anal ten 4.9) prose by sig Foe = 010 Poe = -PalON Pt a» (49) maybe we as 3a) aw, fac k= 1. Bion (440) a tm Cope eo a em (Compe) uta The ring compo on "de sae ond hi aproniatn a setng Foe = Oma jo ‘le hep tc ha ow eno Np euecy foment ur lpedby © bing ety ow us) The ersten of sluon a (439) abe townie exe solemn (238) Thich oie te eemer of eqns be ed fom nity many in (26) 0 Sey ‘any nha) teed oa othe pane Somme “aetna et ho WWeleriel ant Gi seHe 4 tap opt Ae ‘Now t ean equation of (43s Lie cots in Fe wi isch Covey 1a aston wih Va = ony ‘sng sna eit aon of 3, wee Pate Fo(ON Pat + Foe) aa avin, “Tinton Vb compare wie ecinn Ue (4395 Pae=—PAIGN Pet) any “vir “Thee stoshon ht Poe U(Peand Po -¥ Pye same eee sunvopertiosmesebdedree pce of Pe eaely Te ‘Gaur malo: We wl sume te represen Pe Oy Be st (Selec sumer yeq aoe eal umbe y = WWewiwrtotesgactots sR, tought comples mien donee mens el oe esrb ncn ee 4) its sng soon sc°B cH fersome a = Torey TH {Sovnon P< cea te bere xed 8 Hist) 26 for b> weal Toesblshbatbe dpe Poe Ue be same att of PV Pa ete emo Puc tite +0 DVCPe) “ocetsh ie no seo oe bouary Bhat Pre shee) +0 VP) Shee UA) +AU Pae) = VUPRe).— A na ip Fok) = fork 0m aa eo] om WWF) Uae = Brel = $2 tt sing iin 40 ie (Pal + UURye) +BY Pao 2 ae + UPaO| = SOP Pa4 nina psig Noi Syms 241 ewer meu at on oun of est Bh oh band ie of he tno gsr han, by hoop arn of pe, we ave oe Pg + V0 Pae)0,8) = dlPae + UiPa00,8) Sie he ih hd ie mt ep 20 (ei exact ce sion he Se) at est ee aun theo (42) st. ‘We ne beee snes Bt singe ea ey ely he ‘eemote tere Ta pay ene cen be code aes eng Setoundk ves ange of uence aan] wie te ep be lens ‘ise Reh speaking. te io pa noe demas hep ‘eon be sal ergs The et yin hich een a eed ‘Sep cecking wives dry ow pss exgso me dye ter baron bance, Te folowing ctl Pom show es he eer fon tod no he Example 48 Van der Pal Fgunon, Coro frm of san dar Po ‘puton dere J +n08—Di+7=0 as cle wmode itn hfomofa nina frac ona nig 2 th n= a6 ‘ih eng epson ya memes nonlinear ot form le) = Sine he onary oh ft harmant he noe ha ed» be ‘oumtdfor nda) = 33 The putes nd he desertion eas =e atm igure 4 he yp ce dt och ‘hope ih thw sain wh gue des nde change Howe he lc he magna an cn te = sta gery of {he culation and th apie a ped y the nero 2) al linden of) Lt compre hs ohn with naa of what apes n-ne ese ace ema te egos (ethereal ime an aa aa)2 4 ep out Ame ia) URE Te nti on he an er Pol ir hla iain a sh ata} ce) af efor own Pinus 45. The ample of tr onlin mt lose 2) Of ee, the leering ton a pce ie here are? 3 lore tne he rar anton fa close over ery rg que onlay es be age a may be verified by wig) 2 iio [asd42 pu oupsbisy 18 42 Input-Output Stability pis pol et ea of te dcusin has Ben ted on ate pace Shorptoe ot sonia temo he fr Be faz, =Au.20) sas = fb n= hin) (ne cn al hk of his gue tom he pope pit of ve: Tas ‘ere ges satel enon (0) = y and an pa) eed he ‘eral col sy pesos ont asl codenson (x) ‘Santee lel egasion have le lon on 02 dh oie ‘Spe ie fows hat eh Ny Hoe ep) vse ap Tis Imperato eee a he mapped cee ial se oe ‘ui. Ofc, eect el an actos hae fee othe he ‘pcs seca be hes nos art deo al se ‘Slayr epentng ct inp Maresh ut defn seer ‘nem hp (pony epi ne fl stat fo dled Ia cet usable cate pce. The pt dota spices Say fd esr paces Tint tea in frmaliig sd defen eon soon sem a oon operar he ceo pt oot pean We wilde wite coterie ed Gace tie pet (Sve recall ata fctong() (clr especie)! Za v> Bis ‘disbelongto 10, cl epee (2, Siemens main sett att ntl pt Eo.) the wom of acon ge ED. especie Za) 6 wore ([Pwera)? wee worn (Epc) an p.m te ee = sepa) eR sap win “Ae yd emily ne ne eeteen yee op ae nie srs fe nee pis, tr of nine meson et te nt gear Chap 3) an tha hy ne dire noms ene Space of ncn. He a sv eas nes nee pcs he ‘apie a gen incon, ede sl in he amps ‘ederim sample, ef eb he fabwt> ae a feline ft bi teest is Ly elect eae ep (201. 8s Banach pce compli nar ec pce ie ‘eoissuetmetttreo an Facer ir res Some ais Sa [gues awe gota here Sr mse eae rr 2 Tae Aitseny wey Properon 410 Her, (Snare and Minhowak negates, Chen Pretlv-denetscorbgaeg lsat sate "ean ef 8 rete aa i te te [isoeoie sina aw ‘For p= 4 =2. then (448) ho the Shee eu. rh 7g Cty rapes fg © tn J's § © Ly) an elon cae eMail bes Ue SUNG tie (43) forall p 6 l,20) In parla, he Mow! nay elt Tibet ctor ace Prt st ihe poof Hari Thingy 449) 6 sna when eer 7), ei 0 ene we wl eee anf fvoral’, 2=fff wore’. ete ution blo € Llc by 19, Foe B, cad No Recon woe, cme?42 mw Oupasaiiy 145 Since 19+ = | ote one exponen fon vee at Sr se ae fallow ht for e100, HOGI oer barey Lec fection eves ued However ancien f cL Ly and iene {8 Domed tals hat f) = Osa > se, Ths ec ate Butal eema i senLyagnorsayos tan acon ie 29a Cher 5. Ano mera fat anf € LDL hen pete ‘Wem shod trneaomot cis flo: tes afocon() € 10 .ol emetey (2), be nee ep eT, soe fi)146 4 tp on Amb ho f° oaran Defnion 11 Rated space Afonso ‘Berend Ly sede 2 rape IZ) Hore aca fo) hae fe) € Lh Ended Ly (ses ae a do eteion uncon which wy alone a) seb ch ene ng achive rane 12 Beamples of neon Ln ye 1. The facto aa i et tL 2 Thefctonsinr, eal batts Ly 3 Tascam sian ral bt an Theeuuasion ofthe recing efor vested in con o> eisai ul mnt wine te perl apron ‘eats alge The nto tht we worsen 7) 0.21 == 15 Gamlogees detain eer) "wewiviewsclnur pers bay a mapa Ne fon Lv Lin thedhee ume cae map fo n> Nee a cefie,wallon forte pty efhavig blots facet kn ne oman of ‘Saco meses rote patos nse a lemons of ts Fema cceveneece we wl op eseyedece ‘esta condo ne uae even, ba he earl te wel ‘Svcd oem min tat ev ool yen erste yf of ‘onlin per deed yt lon). Wore teers ‘especie ig om ena or ern) egnioe ers. {iow ey the out me hen ane deen en) ‘sully Le deed) When we ly nates ip mre sb wee smart iit th be cual ne Svlpmen a lows trl se eins for be ono ne ead eee slog ‘a rt anc ine cel wey aie Formal we ee ‘cial malar pres a tows Defnton 413 Cast NowinearOpeatrn A moping W Lt ve i idiot cual forever opat al) Uandevry > Oi lin ba (ar = ter Imather nord he ncn he ouput) sp tne The some a he ‘hips apo tine The efean pce Fire. ‘eisinporat to renember an eer, Cu +) # Aw) +A WEDebniton 414 Finite Gan Stan, cnt nar oper A Lines Laide ny ae fr genre Lupa ‘Na)€ U5 Parr here est, > Ooch hat fr ge © LE apa ‘ade U ote nie sir +8 YT>0, 4s isigoran notte wo sept regskenens of he ese. Tes fs at bounded pL te psu eae Downed oa ienLs Theseus dtr fie Sounding tw ae ‘ented, Pimlsg pry unbundling snouts ene ens Ing. Uy sespcivey. OF couse he two mbes arid ote ine esi fT oe towd of euaon (454 also musi, We ‘eit dein fe onshore teehee eager Yh eel and nt owned ota Sal) wc ees ney a onde pet rice tune ott The sales eunbe ssSingem oo (54) alr erating erat A Te ines ‘Scr hat an be poven ath iy a to cowed ee ‘Theoram 418 Sell Gan Theorem. Conier te brome fenback ‘uomef pred thine Aue a hte RUS Uns tie Lae oh cml nde gate, a, ‘ee ey. Bch Wiedir Skies + Pr Yet. lear Stila + Ps Vere arte, ame ta the lop wl ped the ses tha fr gen ay Leas Li thar age eye © Lhe © U3 Sane te oop ‘ton nay tees aant Meh m Then he led lop em afi in blero 9 bet fe as) ne.4 ep Ota Ne ROURE 47. eck col yen Prot Coser pat LS a €L, From e we pose ton ‘lower een tose. ated Far fone oop eios (485 ows at, ler he hei Be lees bai +h Be siren ye lees Ae ar ny +B ‘Analogy on mayo aa, lode Shaklee + in Aly FAB +B ‘Tenge athe cre gran ha (> Osta oe en terol esta nies ite Ri sr Ba Tak Fro see esis few Wt outed pu 6, 4) € Las € Lp ro npn eas ey ae 1 Thepeceagtbeore scaled sama pan cerom cweit pe omne srr iting nies wen ea, 2 Thea gun bor doesnot puree eine or niene o tethecled op yen ie ersuaceandoneacee 02 Denon; eee pcs Tat noe fe yp te eon,42 bpm uty 10) nore cece existence unin echoes el ss say. one nen be lowing Sette Deft 16 Incremental Flt Gln Silty. nontaar pear N {pr Ui Wold bene fae gun sale AN) € 1 whee Oe dena pat 2 fora? > Dandy. € Ltr xs some k > Osh hat 14) = Nad iy ~ ar ses) to see Ua factemenly Se gin eer 2 Se Wodir Stii+ NO By bypass Ninn eh we may defo N10) = [MO Al foe ar rom i deelon tnt faite pn ah ‘omic oh opera “Theorem 417 lncemental Sl Gala Theorem. 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