fh Designation: C 116 - 90 Standard Test Method for Tae m asses Pe Papin wom nahn Beato AST Sanden Cony STH ve taad nth ear ced nen, open et wn, ano uarenacs 40 pater ators Suna od grey and Tener GR Stars "AASTO No TH Compressive Strength of Concrete Using Portions of Beams Broken in Flexure’ “Tie sncard is id under the fxd desiaaion C116; the number inmadaely fOowieg the Sxgnation indicates the year of ‘ngal adoption oi theese of eviaom, the year Oat revion_A number in prenthees ndcates the ear ofa eaproval. A ‘sepeerpt epallon (indents an eto chaage sac the lat revision or rapproval 1, Scope LLL This test method covers determination of the com= pressive strength of concrete, using portions of beams broken in flexure for the test specimens. [Nore 1—This eet method was orginally developed to cover testing portions of beams having a square cross section as “modified cubes” and former versions of this procedure were subtitled “Modified Cube Method.” This terminology no longer apoies because beams of rectan- ular cross section may be tested as provided under 6.1 ‘Nore 2—Fo methods of making flerural tet specimens from which the specimens for this method may be obtained, refer to Practice C31, ‘Test Metnod C 42, and Practice C 192. [Nore 3—-For methods of making the exural strength test, refer 10 ‘Test Method C78, and Test Method C293. 1.2, The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. Its the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2. ASTM Standards: C31 Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test ‘Specimens in the Field? (C39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical ‘Concrete Specimens? C42 Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete” 78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)” (C192 Practice for Making and Curitig Concrete Test ‘Specimens in the Laboratory” C293 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Center-Point Loading)* C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete ‘Specimens? E 4 Practices for Load Verification of Testing Machines 3. Significance and Use 3.1 This test method is intended for use in the laboratory "This tet method is under the Jursdcon of ASTM Comminze C4 on ‘Concrete and Conse Aggregate ad the cre espana of Satomi (CDs030 on Mets of Terng Concrece for Suengt. Cnet edition approved October 26, 1990. Published December 1990. Original published as © 116~ 35 T. Last previous eon © 11689 Etat Book of ASTM Standards, Vat 0402 and as a research tool for determining relative compressive strength values for various concrete mixtures. It is not intended as an alternative for Test Method C 39, and the test, values obtained by these two test methods are not inter- changeable and not necessarily comparable. 4, Apparatus 4.1 The testing machine may be of any type of sufficient ‘capacity which will provide the rate of loading prescribed in 6,3. It shall conform to the requirements of the sections on Basis of Verification, Corrections, and Time Interval Be- tween Verifications of Practices E 4. The testing machine shall be equipped with two steel bearing blocks with hard- ened faces (Note 4), one of which isa spherically seated block ‘that will bear on the top bearing plate described in 4.2; and ‘the other a plain rigid block that will support the bottom bearing plate described in 4.2. The diameter of the spherical ‘bearing block shall be at least 75 % of the width (B, Fig. !)of ‘the specimen, The bearing faces shall not depart from a plane ‘by more than 0.001 in, (0.025 mm) in any 6 in. (152 mm) for a block 6 in. (152 mm) in diameter or larger, o by more than 0.001 in. in the diameter of any smaller block; new blocks shall be manufactured within one half of this tolerance. Nore 4—It is desirable that the bearing foes of blocks used for compression txing of concrete have a Rockwell hardaes of not less than HRC 60. 4.2. Machined or ground metal bearing plates not less than % in. (19 mm) in thickness, that meet the planeness requirements for the bearing faces of specimens specified in 5.2.1 and the hardness requirements for bearing blocks ‘specified in 4.1, shall be mounted on the bearing surfaces of the specimen. The bearing plates shall be of such dimensions that the contact faces shall be substantially square and shall have the same dimensions as the nominal width of the beam tested. The upper bearing plate shall be placed directly over the lower plate. A drawing of a satisfactory device designed to ensure the proper location of the upper plate with reference to the lower plate is shown in Fig. 1. The bearing faces shall not depart from a plane by more than 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) in 6 in, (152 mm), and new bearing plates shall be manufactured within one half of this tolerance. 5. Test Specimens 5.1 The length of broken portions of beams selected for the compression test shall be at least 2 in. (50 mm) greater than the width. The selected compression test section shall be free of cracks, chipped surfaces, and other obvious defects, ‘5.2 Preparation of Test Specimens:Je bttSa Sarg Hew FIG, 1 Device Suitable for Aligning Bearing Plates 5.2.1 The bearing faces of the specimen shall not depart from a plane by more than 0,002 in, (0.05 mm); bearing faces that are not plane shall be ground or capped to meet the 0,002-in. tolerance. Capping procedures shall follow the applicable provisions of Practice C 617. Caps shall cover the fall width of the beam and shall be of such length as to permit the adjustment of the bearing plates for the test so ‘that the upper bearing plate may be aligned directly above the lower bearing plate (Fig. 1). 5.2.2 During the interval between testing of specimens in flexure, or after capping, and testing the broken portions in ‘compression, the specimens shall be kept in the same condi- tion as prescribed under the method for making and curing flexural test specimens from which the specimens for this test ‘were obtained. 6. Procedure 6.1 Orientation of the specimen shall be such that the width (B in Fig. 1) shall be equal to or less than the height (D in Fig, 1) Ifthe beam has a square cross section the bearing surfaces may be the sides of the beam as originally cast. 6.2 Center the bearing plates in the testing machine so that the thrust of the spherically seated block of the test machine is aligned with the center of the bearing plates. Apply the load to the bearing plates by means of an adjustable head. 6.3 Rate of Loading—Apply the load continuously and ‘without shock. The moving head of the screw type of testing machine shall travel at the rate of approximately 0.05 in,/min (1.3 mm/min) when the machine is running idle. In hydraulie machines, adjust the loading to a constant rate ‘within the limits of 35 + 15 psi/s (241 + 104 kPa/s). 64 Test specimens to failure. Record the total load indi- cated by the testing machine at failure of the test specimen, 7. Calculation 7.1 Calculate the unit compressive strength calculated to ‘the nearest 10 psi (69 kPa). Take the cross-sectional area of the specimen as the average of atleast two measurements of the “B” dimensions (Fig. 1) of both the top and bottom ‘bearing plates multiplied by the average of at least two measurements of the “B" dimensions of both the top and bottom bearing surfaces of the specimen determined to the nearest 0.01 in, (0.25 mm). 8. Report 8.1 Report the following information: 8.1.1 That the determination was made using this test method, 8.1.2 Specimen identification number, 8.1.3 "BY and "D" dimensions in inches (or millimetres), 8.1.4 Cross-sectional area, in square inches (or square millimetres), 8.1.5 Maximum load, in pounds-foree (newtons), 8.1.6 Compressive strength calculated to the nearest 10 si (69 kPa), 8.1.7 Method of obtaining the specimen, 8.1.8 Age of the specimen and the details of curing, 8.1.9 Orientation of the specimen with respect to the top of the beam as cast, 8.1.10 Type of failure and appearance of concrete, and 8.11 Conditions of curing the specimens and the mois- ture condition at the time of test 9, Precision and Bias 9.1 The precision of this test method has not been determined, but data are being collected and a precision statement will be included when it is developed. 9.2 No statement concerning bias is being made at this time, 10. Keywords 10.1 compressive strength; concrete; flexural beams; strength testingQh c116 ‘The Anvcan Sochty fr Teg and Matar takes no postion regpacing the vac o any patent ges sate connection wah any tam mentored inti stancrd. Urs ol stancard are enrasdy aioe tat etrmnaton ch vse of any such ‘etet rights, end ter cf eiegeren of such ris, are ently ther own respon. "arr rn aye by he renee na coring td ub ovine oy vo rd ‘trot rovieed, the Yospproved a waarew, Your caramara ar rd athe ft revision ih standard rf eo tart {20d shou be adresse’ fo ASTM Howdzuartrs. Your commas wil reals ca’¥lconaiceraton t& mesg oe rexponsiie {echoial corto, which you may attend you fe! at yout corms have ot reeled a Tak hearing ye shad rake Your ves trowa tthe ASTI Comite on Stands, 1916 Race St, Phaceie, PA 18108,