K, Sambasiva foo _ CH 324 BYLSBYS: TI/AV B.Tech (Regular) DEGREE EXAMINATION APRIL, 2016 Chemical Engineering Second Semester ‘Chemical Reaction Engineering-II schon stVotatien 1 Answer all questions 1X12=12M (a) What is the affect of pressure and inerts on equilibrium conversion? —>Ans: Pressure has little effect, only when gas phase reaction or change in moles not equal ‘An <0, Equilibrium conversion increases with pressure and An>0, equilibrium conversion increases with decrease in pressure. ‘When An>0, adding inert will increase conversion at constant pressure. When An<0, avoid inert to maximize conversion (b) Distinguish between ideal and non-ideal flow. Ans: Ideal flow means perfect mixing in CSTR and zero flow means flow with dead zones, short cirpuiting, channeling ete. (Meanreidencetine f= 2 DH) cha) (@) Single parameter models in RTD. 5 ——YAns: Tanks in series model, Dispersion model. (©) For a single fluid, what is the role of segregation and earliness of mixing with respect to effect of mixing factors for non-first order reactions? mixing in PFR. Non ideal —SAne wid) ne) ze eee le mate 7) for an nth-order reaction. (es = [1+ (n= CIR" (0 Dispersion number ~—DAns: Dispersion number Np = D/UL, Where D is the dispersion coefficient, U is the fluid velocity and L is the length of the reactor. (g) Define effectiveness factor and Thiele modulus. —PAns: Effectiveness factor is the ratio of actual reaction rate in presence of pore diffusion to the reaction rate in the absence of pore diffusion. ‘Thiele modulus is the ratio of surface reaction rate to diffusion rate. (h) Catalyst poisons. —DAns: these are foreign or unwanted substance present in feed mixture which inhibits the activity of a catalyst. (Comparison of progressive conversion model and shrinking core model —} Ans: PCM states fluid reactant will be in contact with solid reactant throughout whereas, in SCM the reaction takes place in the outer envelope of the solid particle. In PCM, the concentration of s reactant decreases with time with maximum at center of particle. In SCM, the available solid reactant size shrinks with time. (i) What are the steps involved in shrinking core model? —> Ans: (i) Diffusion of fluid reactant through fluid film to the surface of particle, (ii) The fluid reactant diffuses through an ash layer, and (iii) Chemical reaction on an unconverted core surface. (k) Chemical adsorption. —? Ans: In this adsorption process, chemical bonds involved. Only monolayer adsorption takes place. It is an irreversible process. (1) Contacting patterns for two-phase systems. > Ans: concurrent, countercurrent, cross current, mixed-plug, plug-plug, mixed-mixed.UNIT-1 2, Determine the equilibrium conversion at 80°C for the following aqueous reaction AR, AGSoq =-14,130 J/mol ; AHZog = -75,300 mol; Cra = Con = constant. i) 3M The Gibb’s free energy change of reaction is -14130 J/mol From Vant Hoff's isotherm equation, the equilibrium constant at standard temperature is given by Seep | BCoV perf cx0(~26"/er) = 0(—aqiag) = 29815 (ii) 3M Now the equilibrium constant at any temperature is given by vant Hoff's isobar relation, aa & ‘The equilibrium constant at temperature 80°C is Ky. _ (75300); 1 -1.y\_ Ky = 299.815 ver ( aaiz (se5- a5) )= 2-68 (ii) 3M For a reversible reaction, net rate of reaction is —r4 = kyCy — kee 74 = kyCo(1 — Xa) — kea(Cero + CaoXa) x (iv) 3M ‘At equilibrium, the net rate is zero and therefore, Xq = Ho = 3 = 0.72, CONVERSION = 72% (OR) 3. Write a detailed note on: 2x6=12M (a) Equilibrium constant from thermodynamics 2M: Definition from vant hoff’s isotherm relation and in terms of fugacity. (Le AG? = rGg + sG3-aG3 = -RTInK = -RTIn TRE (). 2M: Different definitions, in terms of pressures, mole fractions, concentrations and activity coefficients etc.An=rt+s-a 2M: Relationships among different definitions of equilibrium constants. Si= p= yn = CRT Km By - K, Ka __K(RT)* {p?=1atm {p?=1atm™ [pe= 1am) (b) Graphical design procedure for adiabatic operations, ‘Ans: 3M for procedure and 3M for sample equations. i, Write the rate equation ii, Express the rate equation in terms of conversion iii, Write the performance equation in any suitable form iv. Express the conversion in terms of rate constant ie. in terms of temperature. v. Take suitable values of T and evaluate k and Conversion(material balance curve) vi, Write the energy balance equation for an adiabatic operation vii, Assume T and evaluate Conversion and plot the result, is a straight line(energy balance) viii, The intersection point of material balance and energy balance lines results stable operating conditions of an adiabatically operated reactor. UNIT - I 4. A reactor with a number of dividing baffles is to be used to run the reaction A+ R with —r4 = 0.05 Ca molllitre.min. Time, min 0 | 10 [20 | 30 [ 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 ‘Concentration reading [35 | 38 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 37 | 36 | 35 @ Find (a) The E versus t curve epee eee fica cay ° } t 0 [10 [20 [30_[40__[50__[60 [70 tC [0 yl 380 1 800 1200.1 1560 | 1850 | 2160_[ 2450 2M E ot £0-013-| te -14.61 | -4.61 | 5.39_| 15.39 | 25.39 | 35.39 (COPE fs2—f0.32 [as [331 [875 | 16.28 LN The variance o? = f.°(t— Edt = 380:33-min® = CTY. MIN (b) Calculate the variance of the E curve (©) Calculate X« directly from the data Ans EK fica Decay iE T= 24.66 moo Oro} 0.0864 101m on013 Orol2 Or01 O-ONEF (te WO] WHF DEF 0-9 OTF BT Teo] 14 S62.