Plantwide Process Control William L. Luyben Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bjorn D. Tyréus Michael L. Luyben Contral Research & Development E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. McGraw-Hill New York San Francisco Washington, 0.C- Auckland Bogota ‘Caracas. Lisbon London’ Madld Mexico City tian iontreal" New Oslhi San Juan Singapore ‘Sydney Tokyo TorontoLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publieation Data Luyben, William L Plantwide process control / William L. Luyben, Biden D. Tyréus ‘Michael L. Layben pom Includes biblingraphieal references and index ISBN 0-07-006779-1 (acid-free paper) 1. Chemical process control, I. Tyréus, Bjorn D. Il. Layben, Michael L, (date). TI. Tide, ‘TPIS5.751804 1998 60'2518—de21 98-16167 cP. McGraw-Hill A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies Copyright © 1999 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Ine. All rights re- served. Printed in the United States of America, Excopt as permitted ‘under the United States Copyright Act of1976, nopartof this publication be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored ina data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher 1234567890 FGRFGR 90921098 ISBN 0-07-006 779-1 ‘The sponsoring editor for this book was Bob Esposito, the editing supervisor was Peggy Lamb, and the production supervisor was Pamela A. Pelton Ie was set in Century Schoolbook by ATLIS Graphics, Printed and bound by Quebecor Fairfield ‘This book is printed on recycled, acid-free paper containing « ‘minimum of 50% reeyeled, e-inked fer. [McGraw-Hill books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training pro- {grams, For more information, please write to the Director of Special Sales, Meraw-Hil, 1 West 19th Street, New York, NY 10011. Or con- tact Your local bookstore. tained in this work has beon obtained by Tho [MGraw-Hill Companiee, In. (McGraw-Hill) from sources bo Tieved tobe reliable, However, neithor McGraw-Hill nor its authors {guarantees the acuraey or cimpleteness of any information pub Fished herein, and neither MeCraw-Hill nor ite authors shall be responsible for nny errors, otsssiona, or damages arising out of tise ofthis information. This work is published with the under- Sanng that MeGray-Hill and its authors are supplying informa- tion, but are not attempting to render engineering or other profes ‘inal services. If uch services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should bo soughtSS —————————ee—————————————eEE ation Data ayben, Bjorn D. Tyréus, dex. pid D. IL Luyben, 98-16167 cP 8 paris anies, Ine. All rights re ia, Except as permitted no part ofthis publication r by any means, o stored prior written permission 098 sposito, the editing supervisor was Ibook by ATLIS free paper containing a ber antity discounts to use a8 corporate training pro the Director of Special York, N¥ 10011, OF eon: obtained by The from sourees be lor its authors information pub- authors shall be gos arising out of Ith the under upplying inform ngor other profes. @ atietence of To my parents Anna-Stina and Jean, and to my wife Kerstin and our children Daniel and Martina for inspiring and encouraging. BDT To the loving memory of Beatrice D. Luyben. MLL and WLL