5.1: a) The tension in the rope must be equal to each suspended weight, 25.0 N. b) If the mass of the light pulley may be neglected, the net force on the pulley is the vector sum of the tension in the chain and the tensions in the two parts of the rope; for the pulley to be in equilibrium, the tension in the chain is twice the tension in the rope, or 50.0 N. §.2: Inall cases, each string is supporting a weight w against gravity, and the tension in each string is w. Two forees act on each mass: w down and up. 5.3: a) The two sides of the rope each exert a force with vertical component 7, and the sum of these components is the hero’s weight. Solving for the tension 7, b) When the tension is at its maximum value, solving the above equation for the angle gives 5.4: The vertical component of the force due to the tension in each wire must be half of the weight, and this in turn is the tension multiplied by the cosine of the angle each wire makes with the vertical, so if the weight is 5.5: With the positive y-direction up and the positive x-direction to the right, the free- body diagram of Fig. 5.4(b) will have the forces labeled n and T resolved into x- and y- components, and setting the net force equal to zero, Solving the first for and substituting into the second gives and so as in Example 5.4, 5.6:5.7: a) b) 5.8: a) Since adding the last two equations gives and so Then, b) Similar to part (a), and Again adding the last two, and 5.9: The resistive force is 5.10: The magnitude of the force must be equal to the component of the weight along the incline, or Sal: a) so or b) 5.12: Ifthe rope makes an angle with the vertical, then (the denominator is the sum of the length of the rope and the radius of the ball). The weight is then the tension times the cosine of this angle, or The force of the pole on the ball is the tension times, or 5.13: a) Inthe absence of friction, the force that the rope between the blocks exerts on block B will be the component of the weight along the direction of the incline, b) The tension in the upper rope will be the sum of the tension in the lower rope and the component of block 4’s weight along the incline, c) In each case, the normal force is d) When when5.14: a) In level flight, the thrust and drag are horizontal, and the lift and weight are vertical, At constant speed, the net force is zero, and so and ) When the plane attains the new constant speed, itis again in equilibrium and so the new values of the thrust and drag, and, are related by if ©) In order to increase the magnitude of the drag force by a factor of 2, the speed must increase by a factor of 5.15: a) iso%s] so The tension is related to the masses and accelerations by b) For the bricks accelerating upward, let (the counterweight will accelerate down). Then, subtracting the two equations to eliminate the tension gives ) The result of part (b) may be substituted into either of the above expressions to find the tension As an alternative, the expressions may be manipulated to eliminate a algebraically by multiplying the first by and the second by and adding (with )to give In terms of the weights, the tension is If, as in this case, and so the tension is greater than and less than this must be the case, counterweight drops. ince the load of bricks rises and the