𝑑𝑄

= −𝐾𝑒𝑄
𝑑𝑡

𝑄 = 𝑄0 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝑡 𝐶𝑡 = 𝐶0 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝑡
𝐿𝑛𝐶𝑡 = 𝐿𝑛𝐶0 − 𝐾𝑒 𝑡
𝐿𝑛2 0.693
𝑡1⁄ = =
2 𝐾𝑒 𝐾𝑒

𝑋0
𝑉𝑑 = 𝐶𝑙 = 𝑉𝑑 𝐾𝑒
𝐶0

𝑡 𝐶0 𝐶0
𝐴𝐵𝐶0𝑡 = ∫0 𝐶 𝑑𝑡 = (1 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝑡 ) 𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ =
𝐾𝑒 𝐾𝑒

𝑛 1
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅𝑛
−𝑛𝐾𝑒 𝜏
1 − 𝑒 𝑛 1
𝑅𝑛 = 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑅𝑛
1 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝜏

𝑠𝑠 1
1 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑅 𝑠𝑠
𝑅 𝑠𝑠 =
1 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝜏 𝑠𝑠
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 1
= 𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑅 𝑠𝑠

𝑋0 𝑋0
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑠𝑠 = =
𝜏𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑 𝜏𝐶𝑙
𝑑𝑄𝑐 𝑑𝑄𝑝
= 𝐾21 𝑄𝑝 − 𝐾12 𝑄𝑐 − 𝐾10 𝑄𝑐 = 𝐾12 𝑄𝑐 − 𝐾21 𝑄𝑝
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

C  Ae αt  Be βt 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 𝐾12 + 𝐾21 + 𝐾10

𝛼𝛽 = 𝐾21 𝐾10

𝑋0 (𝛼 − 𝐾21 ) 𝑋0 (𝐾21 − 𝛽)
𝐴= 𝐵=
𝑉𝐶 (𝛼 − 𝛽) 𝑉𝐶 (𝛼 − 𝛽)
(𝐴0 ∗𝛽)+(𝐵0 ∗𝛼 )
𝐾21 = (𝐴0 +𝐵0 )

𝐶0 = 𝐴 + 𝐵

𝐿𝑛2 0.693 𝑋0 𝐾12

𝑡1⁄ = = 𝑉𝐶 = 𝑉𝑃 = 𝑉𝐶
2 𝛽 𝛽 𝐴0 + 𝐵0 𝐾21

𝑋0 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶0
𝐶𝑙 = ⇒ 𝑉𝑐 𝐾10 𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = + ⇒
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ 𝛼 𝛽 𝐾10

−𝛼𝑛𝜏
1 − 𝑒
𝑅𝛼𝑛 =
1 − 𝑒 −𝛼𝜏
𝐶𝑡𝑛 = A𝑒 −𝛼𝜏 𝑅𝛼𝑛 + B𝑒 −𝛽𝜏 𝑅𝛽𝑛
1 − 𝑒 −𝛽𝑛𝜏
𝑅𝛽𝑛 =
1 − 𝑒 −𝛽𝜏
1
𝑅𝛼𝑠𝑠 = 𝑠𝑠
𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = A𝑅𝛼𝑠𝑠 + B𝑅𝛽𝑠𝑠
1 − 𝑒 −𝛼𝜏
1
𝑠𝑠
𝐶𝑚𝑖𝑛 = A𝑒 −𝛼𝜏 𝑅𝛼𝑠𝑠 + B𝑒 −𝛽𝜏 𝑅𝛽𝑠𝑠
𝑅𝛽𝑠𝑠 =
1 − 𝑒 −𝛽𝜏

𝑋0 𝑋0
̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑠𝑠 = =
𝜏𝐾10 𝑉𝐶 𝜏𝐶𝑙
𝑑𝑄
= 𝐾0 − 𝐾𝑒𝑄
𝑑𝑡

𝐾0
𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑚 > 𝑣𝑒 𝐶𝑡 = (1 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒 𝑡 )
𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑

𝐾0 𝐾0
𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 𝑣𝑒 𝐶𝑠𝑠 = =
𝑉𝑑 𝐾𝑒 𝐶𝑙

−𝐾𝑒 𝑡 ´
𝑣𝑒 = −𝐾𝑒𝑄 𝐶𝑡 = 𝐶𝑠𝑠 𝑒

𝐾0 𝐿𝑛2 0.693
𝐶𝑇 𝑜 𝐶𝑓 = (1 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒 𝑇 ) 𝑡1⁄ = =
𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑 2 𝐾𝑒 𝐾𝑒
´
𝐶𝑡 ´ = 𝐶𝑓 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒 𝑡 Cl=𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑

𝑡𝑓´
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = 𝐴𝐵𝐶0𝑇 + 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝑇 + 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝑡∞´ = 𝐴𝐵𝐶0𝑇 + 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝑇∞
𝑓

𝑋𝑝 𝑋𝑝
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = =
𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑 𝐶𝑙

𝐶𝑠𝑠 = 𝐶0 𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑠
𝑑𝑄𝑐
= 𝐾0 − 𝐾10 𝑄𝑐 − 𝐾12 𝑄𝑐 + 𝐾21 𝑄 𝑝
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑄𝑝
= 𝐾12 𝑄𝑐 − 𝐾21 𝑄𝑝
𝑑𝑡
𝐾0 𝐾10 −𝛽 −𝛼𝑡 𝐾10 −𝛼 −𝛽𝑡
𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑚 > 𝑣𝑒 𝐶𝑡 = (1 − 𝑒 + 𝑒 )
𝐾𝑒 𝑉𝑑 𝛼−𝛽 𝛼−𝛽

𝐾0 𝐾0
𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑚 = 𝑣𝑒 𝐶𝑠𝑠 = =
𝑉𝑐 𝐾10 𝐶𝑙

𝐾0 𝐾10 − 𝛽 −𝛼𝑇 𝐾10 − 𝛼 −𝛽𝑇

𝐶𝑇 𝑜 𝐶𝑓 = (1 − 𝑒 + 𝑒 )
𝐾10 𝑉𝑐 𝛼−𝛽 𝛼−𝛽

 αt´ βt´
𝑣𝑒 = −𝐾𝑒𝑄 C  A´e  B´e

𝐾𝑒 −𝛽 𝐾𝑒 −𝛽
𝐴´ = 𝐶𝑠𝑠 (1 − 𝑒 −𝛼𝑇 ) 𝐴´ = 𝐶𝑠𝑠
𝛼−𝛽 𝛼−𝛽

𝛼 − 𝐾𝑒 𝛼 − 𝐾𝑒
𝐵´ = 𝐶𝑠𝑠 (1 − 𝑒 −𝛽𝑇 ) 𝐵´ = 𝐶𝑠𝑠
𝛼−𝛽 𝛼−𝛽

𝐴´𝛼(1−𝑒 −𝛽𝑇 )+𝐵´𝛽(1−𝑒 −𝛼𝑇 ) 𝐴´𝛼+𝐵´𝛽

𝐾𝑒 = 𝐾𝑒 =
𝐴´(1−𝑒 −𝛽𝑇 )+𝐵´(1−𝑒 −𝛼𝑇 ) 𝐴´+𝐵´
𝑑𝑄
= 𝐾𝑎 𝑋𝑎 − 𝐾𝑒𝑄
𝑑𝑡
𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0 𝐾𝑎
𝐶= (𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡 ) → 𝐶0 (𝑒 −𝐾𝑒𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡 )
𝑉𝑑 (𝐾𝑎 − 𝐾𝑒 ) (𝐾𝑎 − 𝐾𝑒 )

𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0
𝐶 = 𝐼 (𝑒 −𝐾𝑒 𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡 ) 𝐼=
𝑉𝑑 (𝐾𝑎 −𝐾𝑒 )

ln(𝐴0 /𝐶0 )
𝐶 = 𝐶 0 𝑒 −𝐾𝑒 𝑡 − 𝐴0 𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡 𝑡0 =
𝐾𝑎 −𝐾𝑒

𝑙𝑛2 𝑙𝑛2 𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0

𝑡1 = 𝑡1 = 𝐼 𝑜 𝐶0 =
2
𝑒 𝐾𝑒 2
𝑎 𝐾𝑎 𝑉𝑑 (𝐾𝑎 −𝐾𝑒 )

𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0 𝐹𝑋0
𝐶𝑙 = ( 0( ) 𝐾𝑒 𝐶𝑙 =
𝐶 𝐾𝑎 −𝐾𝑒 ) 𝐴𝐵𝐶

𝑙𝑛(𝐾𝑎 𝐴0 /𝐾𝑒 𝐶0 )
𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐶𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐶0 𝑒−𝐾𝑒 𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝐴0 𝑒−𝐾𝑎𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐾𝑎 −𝐾𝑒

𝐹𝑋0 𝐹𝑋0
𝐴𝐵𝐶∞
0 = =
𝑉𝑑 𝐾𝑒 𝐶𝑙
𝐶𝑓
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = Á𝑟𝑒𝑎1 + Á𝑟𝑒𝑎2+. . .
𝐾𝑒

𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ con 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑋0 sin 𝑎𝑏𝑠

𝐹= ∗
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑋0 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑠
 𝑑𝑄𝑐
= 𝐾𝑎 𝑋𝑎 − 𝐾10 𝑄𝑐 − 𝐾12 𝑄𝑐 + 𝐾21 𝑄𝑝
𝑑𝑡

𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0 (𝐾21 − 𝛼) −𝛼𝑡 𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0 (𝐾21 − 𝛽) −𝛽𝑡 𝐾𝑎 𝐹𝑋0 (𝐾21 − 𝐾𝑎 ) −𝐾 𝑡

𝐶=[ 𝑒 ]+[ 𝑒 ]±[ 𝑒 𝑎 ]
𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑎 − 𝛼)(𝛽 − 𝛼) 𝑉𝑐 (𝐾𝑎 − 𝛽)(𝛼 − 𝛽) 𝑉𝑐 (𝛼 − 𝐾𝑎 )(𝛽 − 𝐾𝑎 )

𝐶 = [𝐿𝑒 −𝛼𝑡 ] + [𝑀𝑒 −𝛽𝑡 ] ± [𝑁𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡 ]

𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑠1 = 𝐶𝑜𝑏𝑠 − 𝐶𝑒𝑥𝑡𝛽 𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑠2 = 𝐶𝑒𝑥𝑡𝛼 − (±𝐶𝑟𝑒𝑠1 )

𝑙𝑛2 𝑙𝑛2
𝑡1𝛽 = 𝑡 1𝑎 =
2 𝛽 2 𝐾𝑎

𝐶𝑓
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = Á𝑟𝑒𝑎1 + Á𝑟𝑒𝑎2+. . .
𝛽

𝐿 𝑀 𝑁 𝐹𝑋0
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = + + 𝑜
𝛼 𝛽 𝐾𝑎 𝑉𝑐 𝐾10
Método Wagner-Nelson
𝑋𝑎 = 𝑋𝑐 + 𝑋𝑒

𝐴𝑡 = 𝐶 + 𝐾𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶0𝑡 𝐴∞ = 𝐾𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞

𝐴𝑡 𝐶 + 𝐾𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶0𝑡
𝐼𝐴 = =
𝐴∞ 𝐾𝑒 𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞

𝐴𝑡
𝐹𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑅𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 1 −
𝐴∞

𝐴𝑡
1− = 𝑋𝑎0 𝑒 −𝐾𝑎 𝑡
𝐴∞

𝐶𝑓
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = Á𝑟𝑒𝑎1 + Á𝑟𝑒𝑎2+. . . 𝐾
𝑒

𝐹𝑋0 𝐹𝑋0
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ = =
𝑉𝑑 𝐾𝑒 𝐶𝑙

𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ con 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑋0 sin 𝑎𝑏𝑠

𝐹= ∗
𝐴𝐵𝐶0∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑋0 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑏𝑠