CHEM 254 May 28, 2019

4th edition Textbook

4.17 Use the tabulated values of Hocomb (benzene) + HoR for CO2(g) + H2O(l) to determine Hf (benzene)

step 1: find H for benzene and the other ones too

we will take the liquid form since benzene is typically liquid at room temperature
Hcomb benzene (l) = -3268 KJ mol-1
Hf CO2 (g) = -393.5 KJ mol-1
Hf H2O(l) = -285.8 KJ mol-1

Step 2: determine Hof for 6C(gr) + 3H2 (g) -> C6H6

Basically do the cancelling out thingy
Important to use the right phases
We have combustion reaction for benzene
C6H6 + 15/2 O2 (g) -> 6CO2 + 3H2O H = -3268 KJ mol-1

6CO2 + 3H2O -> C6H6 + 15/2 O2 (g) H = +3268 KJ mol-1

6C(gr) + 6O2 -> 6CO2 (g) 6 mol Hf = -393.5
3H2 (g) + 3/2O2 (g) -> 3H2O (l) 3 mol Hf = -285.8

Hof (C6H6(l)) = -(-3268 KJ mol-1) + 6(-393.5 KJ mol-1) + 3(-285.8 KJ mol-1) = 49.6 KJ mol-1

4.25 application for Hess’s law

CH3COOH(g) + 2O2(g) -> 2H2O (g) + 2CO2 (g) HR = ?
Step 1: we know this…
CH3COOH(l) + 2O2(g) -> 2H2O (g) + 2CO2 (g) HR = -871.5 KJ mol-1

Step 2: we are doing to go down by some T to get from CH3COOH(g) -> CH3COOH(l)

Step 3: get it back to original temperature

To obtain HR (391.4K), all other reaction of enthalpies must be calculated at 391.4K
2H2O(l) -> 2H2O (g)
HR = 373.15k + 𝐶𝑝̅ H2O (g) -𝐶𝑝̅ H2O (l)
= 2(40.656) + 2(4.038J mol-1 K-1 -9.055J mol-1 K-1) x (391.4-298.15) = 73.52
^ he said he forgot to multiply heat capacities by R… oh he does it at the bottom
equation
∆𝐶𝑝 = Cpproducts - Cpreactants
HR (391.4K) = HR (298.15) + ∆𝐶𝑝 ∆𝑇 - Hvap CH3COOH
= -871.5 + (8.314 J k-1 mol-1) [2x4.46 + 2x9.055 – 14.9 – 2x3.53][391.4K – 298.15K] + (-24.4KJ) +
(73.52) = -818.4 KJ mol-1