James Madison Jr.

(March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836)[2] was an

American statesman and Founding Father who served as the
fourth President of the United States from 1809 to 1817. He is
hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in
drafting and promoting the United States Constitution and the
Bill of Rights.
Born into a prominent Virginia planting family, Madison served
as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates and the
Continental Congress during and after the American
Revolutionary War. In the late 1780s, he helped organize the
Constitutional Convention, which produced a new constitution
to supplant the ineffective Articles of Confederation. After the
Convention, Madison became one of the leaders in the
movement to ratify the Constitution, and his collaboration with
Alexander Hamilton produced The Federalist Papers, among
the most important treatises in support of the Constitution.
After the ratification of the Constitution in 1788, Madison won
election to the United States House of Representatives. While
simultaneously serving as a close adviser to President George
Washington, Madison emerged as one of the most prominent
members of the 1st Congress, helping to pass several bills
establishing the new government. For his role in drafting the
first ten amendments to the Constitution during the 1st
Congress, Madison is known as the "Father of the Bill of
Rights."