@ GovERNy aidior-auaaldaesa ad] aust Sobel este Mags Dyed) oes. =e “ee = NL adsbuerveaian) 3.1 News of Newspaper ‘You must have read the word ‘government’ many-a-times in the newspapers or have heard in radio or T.V. . What is goverment ? What is its importance in our life ? We will study in this chapter. ‘You know that every country needs the government for different decisions and doing work, In which area schools, roads are to be constructed ? Whether to increase or decrease the rates of different commodities ? How to provide electricity ? Such decision are taken by the government. Government is the institution, which makes the law and executes it, Every country forms the law according to its constitution, execute it and make amendments. Thus, the government do many such important works. We come to know about the work of the government through newspapers. Activity Read the headlines of the newspaper. Make a list of the work done by the] government.‘You must have come to know from the list you have made that what the government is doing ? Functions of the Government : Government is a ‘managing committee’, Usually, the government works according to the wish of the people. The government works for the welfare of the people. The government resolves the economical and social problems. The government worries about financial condition of the country, poverty, unemployment, literacy, health etc. The government provides different facilities like food item at minimal price through ration shops, educational institutes, hospitals, help at the time of emergency, judiciary, transportation, post, railway etc, The government have friendly relation with other countries. Importance of Government : ‘The government is necessary to execute all the laws and rules equally to all, made by it. The government forms the law and it is executed by the officers, employees and police. It makes the rule and arrangments regarding public, it takes important decisions. The government plays vital role in order to maintain peace, law and order and development of the country. Think : Arrange a discussion in the classroom Government at different levels = ‘The government is responsible to provide different facilities at various fields. How is the government making arrangements for all this ? India is a vast country. If the administration would be done from one place then problems will arise and it would be difficult for citizens also. For this reason only our government works at different level, These levels are Local Level, State Level and National Level. Local level means at the village or city. State level means of the entire state, National level means the work related to the entire nation, You have studied about the Local Level in Std VI. In the next unit you will learn about functions of the state government. In the next standard you will leam the national government or the central government (union government), Government and Law : Government frames the law. The laws are to be followed by all the citizens. Law is the important tool for the proper functioning of the government. The government has the power to frame the law in the same way, it has the power to execute also. Let us take an example while travelling by train you must have the ticket. If you are caught travelling without ticket either you have to pay the fine or you are sent to jail. ‘The government lawfully acts but still if people feel that the laws are not executed properly than they can raise their voice, they can go to the court, The court can give the order what measures are to be taken regarding that.SS ion Organs of the government : ‘You have seen the functions of the country are carried out by its organisation, this organisation is known as government. Government is the necessary organ of all the states. The government has to perform various activites. The government frames the act or law. Executes the law. It implements the law meaningfully or complement the law and give justice. First function is framing of law, second is to execute and third is imparting justice. The part which frames the law is ‘Legislative Assembly.’ The part which executes the law is called ‘Executive.’ The part which works for justice is called “Judiciary’, which punish the offenders. eee | India is a vast country. It is made up of different Union of States. For the smooth administration of the country, constitution has made it union of states. Thus, India is a federal state means the government is at two levels State and Central. Government at the National level is called ‘Central Government’ or ‘Union Government.’ It administers the entire India. The government works at state level is called ‘State Government.’ Here we will know about the organs of the state government. Legistative Assembly is there in every state of India, which consist of one or two houses. Lower house is known as Legistative Assembly and upper house is known as Legislative Council. Governor is also included in this. Gujarat’s Legistative Assembly have only lower house. Most of the states do not have Legislative Council. {_Governor_} Trgisatve Executive Jodie Assembly Body a gialnive Tegiative Cher Le aad oan Assembly Council Cabinet High Court Ww District and Taluka Courts 3.2. State Government