ABG ANALYSIS

Normal ABG Values

pH 7.35-7.45

PaCO2 35-45 mmHg

HCO3- 22-26 mEq/L

PaO2 80-100 mmHg

DISORDER CAUSES ASSESSMENT FINDINGS TREATMENTS

Respiratory Acidosis Hypoventilation -Bradycardia -Increase RR
pH < 7.35; PaCO2 > 45 -CNS depression -Hypotension -Reposition patient
-Pulmonary edema -Confusion -Maintain patent airway
-Respiratory arrest -Somnolence -Mechanical ventilation
-Airway obstruction - Rate
- Vt

Respiratory Alkalosis Hyperventilation -Tachycardia -Decrease RR

pH > 7.45; PaCO2 < 35 -Excessive -Palpitations -Administer sedatives
-Anxiety -Rebreather mask
mechanical ventilation
-Seizures -Mechanical ventilation
-Anxiety - RR
-Fever -Perspiration/
- Sedation
-Pneumothorax diaphoresis
- Vt

Metabolic Acidosis Acid Gain -Nausea/vomiting -Improve oxygenation

pH < 7.35; HCO3 < 22 -Shock -Malaise -Treat Cause
-Ketoacidosis -Tachypnea -DKA
-Renal failure -Hypotension -Diarrhea
Bicarbonate loss -Confusion -Renal failure
-Diarrhea
-Bile drainage

Metabolic Alkalosis Acid Loss - Nausea/vomiting/ -Administer buffer

pH > 7.45; HCO3 > 26 -Vomiting diarrhea -Treat cause
-Potassium loss
(diuretic use) -Confusion
-Hyperaldosteronism -Seizures
- Cushing's -Tetany
- Steroids
- Bicarbonate
gain

NRSNG.com - “Tools and Confidence to Succeed in Nursing School.”

©2017 TazKai LLC | NRSNG.com - Reproduction Strictly Prohibited
Disclaimer information at NRSNG.com