X MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

REAL NUMBERS
1. Show that any positive odd integer is of the form 4q + 1 or 4q + 3, where q is some integer.
2. A sweetseller has 420 kaju barfis and 130 badam barfis. She wants to stack them in such a way that each
stack has the same number, and they take up the least area of the tray. What is the number of that can be
placed in each stack for this purpose?
3. An army contingent of 616 members is to march behind an army band of 32 members in a parade. The
two groups are to march in the same number of columns. What is the maximum number of columns in
which they can march?
4. Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is either of the form
3m or 3m + 1 for some integer m.
5. Use Euclid’s division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of the form 9m,
9m + 1 or 9m + 8.
6. Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.
7. There is a circular path around a sports field. Sonia takes 18 minutes to drive one round of the field, while
Ravi takes 12 minutes for the same. Suppose they both start at the same point and at the same time, and
go in the same direction. After how many minutes will they meet again at the starting point?
8. Prove that 3 is irrational.
9. Without actually performing the long division, state whether the following rational numbers will have a
29
terminating decimal expansion or a non-terminating repeating decimal expansion:
343
10. The following real numbers have decimal expansions as given below. In each case, decide whether they
p
are rational or not. If they are rational, and of the form , what can you say about the prime factors of q?
q
43.123456789
11. Find the zeroes of the polynomial x2 –3 and verify the relationship between the zeroes and the coefficients.

POLYNOMIALS
1. Find the zeroes of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship between the zeroes and
the coefficients : 4u2 + 8u
2. On dividing x 3 – 3x2 + x + 2 by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder were x – 2 and –2x + 4,
respectively. Find g(x).

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 PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIBLES

1. Half the perimeter of a rectangular garden, whose length is 4 m more than its width, is 36 m. Find the
dimensions of the garden.
2. Draw the graphs of the equations x – y + 1 = 0 and 3x + 2y – 12 = 0. Determine the coordinates of the
vertices of the triangle formed by these lines and the x-axis, and shade the triangular region.
3. The cost of 2 pencils and 3 erasers is Rs. 9 and the cost of 4 pencils and 6 erasers is Rs. 18. Find the
cost of each pencil and each eraser.
4. Solve the following pair of linear equations by the substitution method.
(i) 0.2x + 0.3y = 1.3 ; 0.4x + 0.5y = 2.3 (ii) 2x  3y  0 ; 3x  8 y  0
5. The taxi charges in a city consist of a fixed charge together with the charge for the distance covered. For
a distance of 10 km, the charge paid is Rs. 105 and for a journey of 15 km, the charge paid is Rs. 155.
What are the fixed charges and the charge per km? How much does a person have to pay for travelling a
distance of 25 km?
6. Form the pair of linear equations in the following problems, and find their solutions (if they exist) by the
elimination method :
(i) The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. Also, nine times this number is twice the number
obtained by reversing the order of the digits. Find the number.
(ii) Meena went to a bank to withdraw Rs. 2000. She asked the cashier to give her Rs. 50 and Rs. 100
notes only. Meena got 25 notes in all. Find how many notes of Rs. 50 and Rs. 100 she received.
7. For which values of p does the pair of equations given below has unique solution?
4x + py + 8 = 0 ; 2x + 2y + 2 = 0
8. (i) For which values of a and b does the following pair of linear equations have an infinite number of
solutions?
2x + 3y = 7 ; (a – b) x + (a + b) y = 3a + b – 2
(ii) For which value of k will the following pair of linear equations have no solution?
3x + y = 1 ; (2k – 1) x + (k – 1) y = 2k + 1
9. (i) Yash scored 40 marks in a test, getting 3 marks for each right answer and losing 1 mark for each
wrong answer. Had 4 marks been awarded for each correct answer and 2 marks been deducted for each
incorrect answer, then Yash would have scored 50 marks. How many questions were there in the test?
(ii) Places A and B are 100 km apart on a highway. One car starts from A and another from B at the same
time. If the cars travel in the same direction at different speeds, they meet in 5 hours. If they travel towards
each other, they meet in 1 hour. What are the speeds of the two cars?
10. A boat goes 30 km upstream and 44 km downstream in 10 hours. In 13 hours, it can go 40 km upstream
and 55 km down-stream. Determine the speed of the stream and that of the boat in still water.
11. Solve the following pairs of equations by reducing them to a pair of linear equations:
1 1 3 1 1 1
+ = + =
3x + y 3x  y 4 ; 2  3x + y  2  3x  y  8
12. Formulate the following problems as a pair of equations, and hence find their solutions:
(i) 2 women and 5 men can together finish an embroidery work in 4 days, while 3 women and 6 men can
finish it in 3 days. Find the time taken by 1 woman alone to finish the work, and also that taken by 1 man
alone.
(ii) Roohi travels 300 km to her home partly by train and partly by bus. She takes 4 hours if she travels 60
km by train and the remaining by bus. If she travels 100 km by train and the remaining by bus, she takes
10 minutes longer. Find the speed of the train and the bus separately.
13. The sum of a two-digit number and the number obtained by reversing the digits is 66. If the digits of the
mber differ by 2, find the number. How many such numbers are there?

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14. Students of a class are made to stand in rows. If one student is extra in a row, there would be 2 rows less.
If one student is less in a row there would be 3 rows more. Find the number of students in the class and
students in each row.
15. A man walks a certain distance with certain speed. If he walks 1 km an hour faster, he takes 2 hours less.
But, if he walks 2 km an hour slower, he takes 6 more hours. Find the distance covered by man and his
original rate of walking.
16. In a rectangle, if the length is increased by 3 metres & breadth is decreased by 4 metres , the area of the
rectangle is reduced by 67 sq mts. If the length is reduced by 1 metre & breadth is increased by 4 metres,
the area is increased by 89 sq. mts. Find the dimensions of the rectangle.
17. There are two examination rooms A and B. if 10 candidates are sent from A to B, the number of students in
each room is same. If 20 candidates are sent from B to A, the number of students in A is double the
number of students in B. Find the number of students in each room.

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

1. Solve the equation 2x2 –5x + 3 = 0 by the method of completing the square.
1 1
2. Find the roots of the following equations:  = 3, x  0, 2 .
x x2
3. The difference of squares of two numbers is 180. The square of the smaller number is 8 times the larger
number. Find the two numbers.
4. A train travels 360 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had been 5 km/h more, it would have taken 1 hour
less for the same journey. Find the speed of the train.
3
5. Two water taps together can fill a tank in 9 hours. The tap of larger diameter takes 10 hours less than
8
the smaller one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which each tap can separately fill the tank.
6. An express train takes 1 hour less than a passenger train to travel 132 km between Mysore and Bangalore
(without taking into consideration the time they stop at intermediate stations). If the average speed of the
express train is 11km/h more than that of the passenger train, find the average speed of the two trains.
7. Sum of the areas of two squares is 468 m2. If the difference of their perimeters is 24 m, find the sides of
the two squares.
8. A rectangular park is to be designed whose breadth is 3 m less than its length. Its area is to be 4 square
metres more than the area of a park that has already been made in the shape of an isosceles triangle
with its base as the breadth of the rectangular park and of altitude 12 m. Find its length and breadth.
9. A pole has to be erected at a point on the boundary of a circular park of diameter 13 metres in such a way
that the differences of its distances from two diametrically opposite fixed gates A and B on the boundary
is 7 metres. Is it possible to do so? If yes, at what distances from the two gates should the pole be
erected?
10. In a flight of 600 km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average speed for the trip
was reduced by 200km/hr and the time of flight increased by 30 minutes. Find the duration of the flight.
11. A plane left 40 minutes late due to bad weather and in order to reach its destination 1600 km away
in time, it had to increase its speed by 400 km/hour from its usual speed. Find the usual speed of
the plane.
12. Find the values of k for each of the following quadratic equations, so that they have two equal roots :
kx (x – 2) + 6 = 0

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 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS

1. Find the 11th term from the last term (towards the first term) of the AP : 10, 7, 4, . . ., – 62.
2. If the 3rd and the 9th terms of an AP are 4 and – 8 respectively, which term of this AP is zero?
3. Which term of the AP : 3, 15, 27, 39, . . . will be 132 more than its 54th term?
4. The sum of the 4th and 8th terms of an AP is 24 and the sum of the 6th and 10th terms is 44. Find the first
three terms of the AP.
5. If the sum of the first 14 terms of an AP is 1050 and its first term is 10, find the 20th term.
6. Find the sum of : (i) the first 1000 positive integers (ii) the first n positive integers
7. Find the sum of first 24 terms of the list of numbers whose nth term is given by an = 3 + 2n
8. The first term of an AP is 5, the last term is 45 and the sum is 400. Find the number of terms and the
common difference.
9. The first and the last terms of an AP are 17 and 350 respectively. If the common difference is 9, how many
terms are there and what is their sum?
10. Find the sum of first 51 terms of an AP whose second and third terms are 14 and 18 respectively.
11. In a flower bed, there are 23 rose plants in the first row, 21 in the second, 19 in the third, and so on. There
are 5 rose plants in the last row. How many rows are there in the flower bed?

TRIANGLES

1. ABCD is a trapezium with AB || DC. E and F are points on non-parallel sides AD and BC respectively such
AE BF
that EF is parallel to AB in figure. Show that  .
ED FC
PS PT
2. In figure,  and  PST =  PRQ . Prove that PQR is an isosceles triangle.
SQ TR
P

A B

E F S T

(FIGURE Q. NO. 1) (FIGURE Q. NO. 2)

D C Q R
3. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and its diagonals intersect each other at the point O. Show that
AO CO
 .
BO DO
AO CO
4. The diagonals of a quadrilateral ABCD intersect each other at the point O such that  . Show that
BO DO
ABCD is a trapezium.
5. A girl of height 90 cm is walking away from the base of a lamp-post at a speed of 1.2 m/s. If the lamp is 3.6
m above the ground, find the length of her shadow after 4 seconds.
6. In figure, CM and RN are respectively the medians of  ABC and  PQR. If  ABC ~  PQR, prove that:
N
Q P
A

C
B
R
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 CM AB
i.  AMC ~  PNR ii.  iii.  CMB ~  RNQ
RN PQ
7. In Figure, ABC and AMP are two right triangles, right angled at B and M respectively. Prove that :

CA BC
i.  ABC ~  AMP ii. 
PA MP
8. Sides AB and BC and median AD of a triangle ABC are respectively proportional to sides PQ and QR and
median PM of  PQR in figure. Show that  ABC ~  PQR.
C
P
M A

(FIG. Q. NO. 7) (FIG. Q. NO. 8)

B C
A P D Q R
B M

9. D is a point on the side BC of a triangle ABC such that  ADC =  BAC. Show that CA2 = CB.CD.
10. A vertical pole of length 6 m casts a shadow 4 m long on the ground and at the same time a tower casts
a shadow 28 m long. Find the height of the tower.
11. In figure, the line segment XY is parallel to side AC of  ABC and it divides the triangle into two parts of
AX
equal areas. Find the ratio .
AB
12. Diagonals of a trapezium ABCD with AB || DC intersect each other at the point O. If AB = 2 CD, find the
ratio of the areas of triangles AOB and COD.
13. In Figure, ABC and DBC are two triangles on the same base BC. If AD intersects BC at O, show that
ar  ABC  AO

ar DBC  DQ
A
A C

X
O
(FIG. Q. NO. 11) (FIG. Q. NO. 13)
B C
Y B D
14. D, E and F are respectively the mid-points of sides AB, BC and CA of  ABC. Find the ratio of the areas
of  DEF and  ABC.
15. Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of their
corresponding medians.
16. BL and CM are medians of a triangle ABC right angled at A. Prove that 4 (BL2 + CM2) = 5 BC2.
17. O is any point inside a rectangle ABCD in figure. Prove that OB2 + OD2 = OA2 + OC2.

B
A D

M P Q
(FIG. Q. NO. 16) (FIG. Q. NO. 17) O

C B C
L A

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18. In Figure, O is a point in the interior of a triangle ABC, OD  BC, OE  AC and OF  AB. Show that

(i) OA2 + OB2 + OC2 – OD2 – OE2 – OF2 = AF2 + BD2 + CE2
(ii) AF2 + BD2 + CE2 = AE2 + CD2 + BF2.
19. An aeroplane leaves an airport and flies due north at a speed of 1000 km per hour. At the same time,
another aeroplane leaves the same airport and flies due west at a speed of 1200 km per hour. How far
1
apart will be the two planes after 1 hours?
2
20. The perpendicular from A on side BC of a  ABC intersects BC at D such that DB = 3 CD.
Prove that 2 AB2 = 2 AC2 + BC2.
21. i. Prove Thale’s theorem ii. Prove Area theorem iii. Prove Pythagoaras and convers of Theorem

COORDINATE GEOMETRY
1. Show that the points (1, 7), (4, 2), (–1, –1) and (– 4, 4) are the vertices of a square.
2. Find a relation between x and y such that the point (x , y) is equidistant from the points (7, 1) and (3, 5).
3. Find a point on the y-axis which is equidistant from the points A(6, 5) and B(– 4, 3).
4. If Q(0, 1) is equidistant from P(5, –3) and R(x, 6), find the values of x. Also find the distances QR and PR.
5. Find a relation between x and y such that the point (x, y) is equidistant from the point (3, 6) and (– 3, 4).
6. Find the coordinates of the points of trisection (i.e., points dividing in three equal parts) of the line segment
joining the points A(2, – 2) and B(– 7, 4).
7. Find the ratio in which the y-axis divides the line segment joining the points (5, – 6) and (–1, – 4). Also find
the point of intersection.
8. If the points A(6, 1), B(8, 2), C(9, 4) and D(p, 3) are the vertices of a parallelogram, taken in order, find the
value of p.
9. If A and B are (– 2, – 2) and (2, – 4), respectively, find the coordinates of P such that AP = 3/7 AB and P
lies on the line segment AB.
10. Find the coordinates of the points which divide the line segment joining A(– 2, 2) and B(2, 8) into four
equal parts.
11. Find the area of a rhombus if its vertices are (3, 0), (4, 5), (– 1, 4) and (– 2, – 1) taken in order.
12. Find the value of k if the points A(2, 3), B(4, k) and C(6, –3) are collinear.
13. Find the area of the triangle formed by joining the mid-points of the sides of the triangle whose vertices
are (0, –1), (2, 1) and (0, 3). Find the ratio of this area to the area of the given triangle.

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 INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY
1. If B and Q are acute angles such that sin B = sin Q, then prove that B = Q.
2. In  OPQ, right-angled at P, OP = 7 cm and OQ – PQ = 1 cm. Determine the values of sin Q and cos Q.
Q

P O
7 cm
1 – tan2 A
3. If 3 cot A = 4, check whether = cos2 A – sin2 A or not.
1 tan2 A
4. In  PQR, right-angled at Q, PR + QR = 25 cm and PQ = 5 cm. Determine the values of sin P, cos P and
tan P.
1 1
5. If sin (A – B) = , cos (A + B) = , 0º < A + B  90º, A > B, find A and B.
2 2
1
6. If tan (A + B) = 3 and tan (A – B) = 3 ; 0º < A + B  90°; A > B, find A and B.
B  C  A
7. If A, B and C are interior angles of a triangle ABC, then show that sin   cos .
 2  2
8. Prove that sec A (1 – sin A)(sec A + tan A) = 1.
sin θ – cos θ  1
9. Prove that , using the identity sec2  = 1 + tan2 .
sin θ  cos θ – 1
10. Prove the following identities, where the angles involved are acute angles for which the expressions are
defined.
2 1 – cos θ cos A 1  sin A
a. (cosec θ – cot θ)  b.   2 sec A
1  cos θ 1  sin A cos A
tan θ cot θ 1  sec A sin 2 A
c.   1  sec θ cosec θ d. 
1 – cot θ 1 – tan θ sec A 1 – cos A
cos A – sin A  1
e.  cosec A  cot A, using the identity cosec2 A = 1 + cot2 A.
cos A  sin A – 1
f. (sin A + cosec A)2 + (cos A + sec A)2 = 7 + tan2 A + cot2 A
2
1  1  tan2 A   1 – tan A  2
g. (cosec A – sin A) (sec A – cos A) = h.  2

   tan A
tan A  cot A  1  cot A   1 – cot A 

2 2 sin 2 A  sin 2 B cos 2 B  cos2 A

i. tan A  tan B   j. 2(sin 6 A  cos6 A )  3(sin 4 A  cos4 A )  1  0
cos 2 Acos 2 B cos2 Acos 2 B
tan   sec    1  sin  1 1 1 1
k.  l. – = –
tan   sec    cos  cos ecA  cot A sin A sin A cos ecA  cot A
11. If tan A + sin A = m and tan A – sin A = n, show that m2 – n2 = 4 mn.
p2  1
12. If secθ + tanθ = p, show that , = sinθ
p2 +1
13. If cos A + sinA= 2 cos A, show that cos A –sin A = 2 sin A.
14. If sin A + sin2 A = 1, prove that cos2 A + cos4 A = 1.
1 1
15. If sec A = x + then prove that secA + tanA = 2x or .
4x 2x
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 SOME APPLICATIONS OF TRIGONOMETRY
1. From a point P on the ground the angle of elevation of the top of a 10 m tall building is 30°. A flag is hoisted
at the top of the building and the angle of elevation of the top of the flagstaff from P is 45°. Find the length
of the flagstaff and the distance of the building from the point P. (You may take 3 = 1.732)
2. The shadow of a tower standing on a level ground is found to be 40 m longer when the Sun’s altitude is
30° than when it is 60°. Find the height of the tower.
3. From a point on a bridge across a river, the angles of depression of the banks on opposite sides of the
river are 30° and 45°, respectively. If the bridge is at a height of 3 m from the banks, find the width of the
river.
4. A tree breaks due to storm and the broken part bends so that the top of the tree touches the ground
making an angle 30° with it. The distance between the foot of the tree to the point where the top touches
the ground is 8 m. Find the height of the tree.
5. From a point on the ground, the angles of elevation of the bottom and the top of a transmission tower
fixed at the top of a 20 m high building are 45° and 60° respectively. Find the height of the tower.
6. A statue, 1.6 m tall, stands on the top of a pedestal. From a point on the ground, the angle of elevation of
the top of the statue is 60° and from the same point the angle of elevation of the top of the pedestal is 45°.
Find the height of the pedestal.
7. Two poles of equal heights are standing opposite each other on either side of the road, which is 80 m
wide. From a point between them on the road, the angles of elevation of the top of the poles are 60° and
30°, respectively. Find the height of the poles and the distances of the point from the poles.
8. A TV tower stands vertically on a bank of a canal. From a point on the other bank directly opposite the
tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60°. From another point 20 m away from this point
on the line joining this point to the foot of the tower, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 30°.
Find the height of the tower and the width of the canal.
9. A 1.2 m tall girl spots a balloon moving with the wind in a horizontal line at a height of 88.2 m from the
ground. The angle of elevation of the balloon from the eyes of the girl at any instant is 60°. After some
time, the angle of elevation reduces to 30° in figure . Find the distance travelled by the balloon during the
interval.

(FIG. Q. NO. 8) (FIG. Q. NO. 9)

10. A straight highway leads to the foot of a tower. A man standing at the top of the tower observes a car at an
angle of depression of 30°, which is approaching the foot of the tower with a uniform speed. Six seconds
later, the angle of depression of the car is found to be 60°. Find the time taken by the car to reach the foot
of the tower from this point.
11. The angles of elevation of the top of a tower from two points at a distance of 4 m and 9 m from base of
the tower and in the same straight line with it are complementary. Prove that the height of tower is 6 m.
12. The angles of depression of the top and the bottom of an 8 m tall building from the top of a multi-storeyed
building are 30° and 45°respectively. Find the height of the multi-storeyed building and the distance
between the two buildings.
13. An aeroplane when flying at a height of 4000 m from the ground passes vertically above the aeroplane at
an instant when the angles of elevation of the two planes from the same point on the ground are 600 and
450 respectively. Find the vertical distance between the aero plane at that instant P.

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14. The angle of the elevation of a jet plane from a point A on the ground is 600. After a flight of 15 seconds, the
angle of elevation changes to 300. If the jet plane is flying at a constant height of 1500 3 m, find the
speed of the jet plane.
15. A man standing on the deck of the ship which is 8 m above then water level. He observes the angle of the
elevation of the top of the hill as 600 and the angle of depression of the base of the hill as 450. Calculate
the distance of the hill from the ship and the height of the hill.
16. The angle of elevation of a cloud from a point 60 m above a lake is 300 and the angle of depression of the
reflection of a cloud in the lake is 600. Find the height of the cloud and distance of cloud from the point of
observation.

CIRCLES
1. PQ is a chord of length 8 cm of a circle of radius 5 cm. The tangents at P and Q intersect at a point T.
Find the length TP.

2. Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the tangent to a circle passes through the centre.
3. The length of a tangent from a point A at distance 5 cm from the centre of the circle is 4 cm. Find the
radius of the circle.
4. Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Find the length of the chord of the larger circle which
touches the smaller circle.
5. A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that AB + CD = AD + BC.
6. In Figure, XY and X´ Y´ are two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O and another tangent AB with
point of contact C intersecting XY at A and X´ Y´ at B. Prove that AOB = 90°.

(FIG. Q. NO. 5) (FIG. Q. NO. 6)

7. Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle is supplementary
to the angle subtended by the line-segment joining the points of contact at the centre.
8. Prove that the parallelogram circumscribing a circle is a rhombus.
9. Prove that opposite sides of a quadrilateral circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary angles at the
centre of the circle.

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 CONSTRUCTIONS
1. Construct an isosceles triangle whose base is 8 cm and altitude 4 cm and then another triangle whose
1
sides are 1 times the corresponding sides of the isosceles triangle.
2
2. Draw a triangle ABC with side BC = 7 cm, B = 45°, A = 105°. Then, construct a triangle whose sides
3
are times the corresponding sides of  ABC.
4
3. Draw a right triangle in which the sides (other than hypotenuse) are of lengths 4 cm and 3 cm. Then
5
construct another triangle whose sides are times the corresponding sides of the given triangle.
3
4. Draw a circle of radius 3 cm. Take two points P and Q on one of its extended diameter each at a distance
of 7 cm from its centre. Draw tangents to the circle from these two points P and Q.
5. Draw a pair of tangents to a circle of radius 5 cm which are inclined to each other at an angle of 60°.
6. Draw a line segment AB of length 8 cm. Taking A as centre, draw a circle of radius 4 cm and taking B as
centre, draw another circle of radius 3 cm. Construct tangents to each circle from the centre of the other
circle.

AREA RELATED TO CIRCLES

1. Find the area of the segment AYB shown in Figure,

22
if radius of the circle is 21 cm and  AOB = 120°. (Use  = )
7
2. In a circle of radius 21 cm, an arc subtends an angle of 60° at the centre. Find:
(i) the length of the arc. (ii) area of the sector formed by the arc.
(iii) area of the segment formed by the corresponding chord.
3. A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each wiper has a blade of length 25 cm sweeping through an
angle of 115°. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades.
4. A round table cover has six equal designs as shown in Figure. If the radius of the cover is 28 cm, find the
cost of making the designs at the rate of Rs. 0.35 per cm2. (Use 3  1.7)
5. Find the area of the shaded design in Figure, where ABCD is a square of side 10 cm and semicircles are
drawn with each side of the square as diameter. (Use  = 3.14)
6. From each corner of a square of side 4 cm a quadrant of a circle of radius 1 cm is cut and also a circle
of diameter 2 cm is cut as shown in Figure. Find the area of the remaining portion of the square.

(FIG. Q. 7) (FIG. Q. 8) (FIG. Q. NO. 9)

7. In a circular table cover of radius 32 cm, a design is formed leaving an equilateral triangle ABC in the
middle as shown in Figure. Find the area of the design.
8. In Figure, ABCD is a square of side 14 cm. With centres A, B, C and D, four circles are drawn such that
each circle touch externally two of the remaining three circles. Find the area of the shaded region.

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9. Figure, depicts a racing track whose left and right ends are semicircular.

(FIG. Q. 10) (FIG. Q. 11) (FIG. Q. 12)

10. The area of an equilateral triangle ABC is 17320.5 cm2. With each vertex of the triangle as centre, a circle
is drawn with radius equal to half the length of the side of the triangle. Find the area of the shaded region.
(Use  = 3.14 and 3 = 1.73205).
11. AB and CD are respectively arcs of two concentric circles of radii 21 cm and 7 cm and centre O. If AOB
= 30°, find the area of the shaded region.
12. In Figure, ABC is a quadrant of a circle of radius 14 cm and a semicircle is drawn with BC as diameter.
Find the area of the shaded region.

(FIG. Q. 13) (FIG. Q. 14) (FIG. Q. 15)

13. In given figure, two circular flower beds have been shown on two sides of a square lawn ABCD of side
56 m.

A B

O 56m

D C

If the centre of each circular flower bed is the point of intersection O of the diagonals of the square lawn,
find the sum of the areas of the lawn and the flower beds.

SURFACE AREAS AND VOLUMES

1. The decorative block shown in Figure is made of two solids — a cube and a hemisphere. The base of the
block is a cube with edge 5 cm, and the hemisphere fixed on the top has a diameter of 4.2 cm. Find the
22
total surface area of the block. (Take π  )
7
2. A wooden toy rocket is in the shape of a cone mounted on a cylinder, as shown in Figure. The height of
the entire rocket is 26 cm, while the height of the conical part is 6 cm. The base of the conical portion has
a diameter of 5 cm, while the base diameter of the cylindrical portion is 3 cm. If the conical portion is to
be painted orange and the cylindrical portion yellow, find the area of the rocket painted with each of these
colours. (Take  = 3.14)
3. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a hemisphere of same radius. The total height
of the toy is 15.5 cm. Find the total surface area of the toy.

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4. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck to each of its ends. The
length of the entire capsule is 14 mm and the diameter of the capsule is 5 mm. Find its surface area.

(FIG. Q. 1) (FIG. Q. 2) (FIG. Q. 4)

5. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical
part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively, and the slant height of the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas
used for making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of Rs 500 per m2. (Note
that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.)
6. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical cavity of the same height
and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm2.
7. A juice seller was serving his customers using glasses as shown in Fig. 13.13. The inner diameter of the
cylindrical glass was 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass had a hemispherical raised portion which reduced
the capacity of the glass. If the height of a glass was 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and
its actual capacity. (Use  = 3.14.)
8. A solid toy is in the form of a hemisphere surmounted by a right circular cone. The height of the cone is
2 cm and the diameter of the base is 4 cm. Determine the volume of the toy. If a right circular cylinder
circumscribes the toy, find the difference of the volumes of the cylinder and the toy. (Take  = 3.14)
9. A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical depressions to hold pens. The
dimensions of the cuboid are 15 cm by 10 cm by 3.5 cm. The radius of each of the depressions is 0.5 cm
and the depth is 1.4 cm. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand.

(FIG. Q. 7) (FIG. Q. 8) (FIG. Q. 9)

10. A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm and the radius of its top, which is open, is 5
cm. It is filled with water up to the brim. When lead shots, each of which is a sphere of radius 0.5 cm are
dropped into the vessel, one-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped in the
vessel.
11. A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 120 cm and radius 60 cm standing on a hemisphere
of radius 60 cm is placed upright in a right circular cylinder full of water such that it touches the bottom.
Find the volume of water left in the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is 60 cm and its height is 180 cm.
12. A copper rod of diameter 1 cm and length 8 cm is drawn into a wire of length 18 m of uniform thickness.
Find the thickness of the wire.
4
13. A hemispherical tank full of water is emptied by a pipe at the rate of 3 litres per second. How much time
7
22
will it take to empty half the tank, if it is 3m in diameter? (Take π  )
7
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14. A well of diameter 3 m is dug 14 m deep. The earth taken out of it has been spread evenly all around it in
the shape of a circular ring of width 4 m to form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment.
15. A container shaped like a right circular cylinder having diameter 12 cm and height 15 cm is full of ice
cream. The ice cream is to be filled into cones of height 12 cm and diameter 6 cm, having a hemispherical
shape on the top. Find the number of such cones which can be filled with ice cream.
16. How many silver coins, 1.75 cm in diameter and of thickness 2 mm, must be melted to form a cuboid of
dimensions 5.5 cm × 10 cm × 3.5 cm?
17. A farmer connects a pipe of internal diameter 20 cm from a canal into a cylindrical tank in her field, which
is 10 m in diameter and 2 m deep. If water flows through the pipe at the rate of 3 km/h, in how much time
will the tank be filled?
18. Hanumappa and his wife Gangamma are busy making jaggery out of sugarcane juice. They have
processed the sugarcane juice to make the molasses, which is poured into moulds in the shape of a
frustum of a cone having the diameters of its two circular faces as 30 cm and 35 cm and the vertical
height of the mould is 14 cm. If each cm3 of molasses has mass about 1.2 g, find the mass of the
22
molasses that can be poured into each mould. (Take π  )
7

19. An open metal bucket is in the shape of a frustum of a cone, mounted on a hollow cylindrical base made
of the same metallic sheet. The diameters of the two circular ends of the bucket are 45 cm and 25 cm,
the total vertical height of the bucket is 40 cm and that of the cylindrical base is 6 cm. Find the area of the
metallic sheet used to make the bucket, where we do not take into account the handle of the bucket.
22
Also, find the volume of water the bucket can hold. (Take π  )
7

20. The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 4 cm and the perimeters (circumference) of its circular ends
are 18 cm and 6 cm. Find the curved surface area of the frustum.
21. A fez, the cap used by the Turks, is shaped like the frustum of a cone. If its radius on the open side is 10
cm, radius at the upper base is 4 cm and its slant height is 15 cm, find the area of material used for
making it.]
22. A metallic right circular cone 20 cm high and whose vertical angle is 60° is cut into two parts at the middle
of its height by a plane parallel to its base. If the frustum so obtained be drawn into a wire of diameter 1/
16 cm, find the length of the wire.

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 STATISTICS
1. Thirty women were examined in a hospital by a doctor and the number of heart beats per minute were
recorded and summarised as follows. Find the mean heart beats per minute for these women, choosing
a suitable method.
Number of heart beats 65-68 68-71 71-74 74-77 77-80 80-83 83-86
per minute
Number of women 2 4 3 8 7 4 2

2. In a retail market, fruit vendors were selling mangoes kept in packing boxes. These boxes contained
varying number of mangoes. The following was the distribution of mangoes according to the number of
boxes. Find the mean number of mangoes kept in a packing box.
Number of mangoes 50-52 53-55 56-58 59-61 62-64
Number of boxes 15 110 135 115 25

3. The following distribution gives the state-wise teacher-student ratio in higher secondary schools of India.
Find the mode and mean of this data. Interpret the two measures.

Number of students per Number of states / U.T.

teacher
15 – 20 3
20 – 25 8
25 – 30 9
30 – 35 10
35 – 40 3
40 – 45 0
45 – 50 0
50 – 55 2

4. The median of the following data is 525. Find the values of x and y, if the total frequency is 100.
Class interval Frequency
0 – 100 2
100 – 200 5
200 – 300 x
300 – 400 12
400 – 500 17
500 – 600 20
600 – 700 y
700 – 800 9
800 – 900 7
900 – 1000 4
5. A life insurance agent found the following data for distribution of ages of 100 policy holders. Calculate the
median age, if policies are given only to persons having age 18 years onwards but less than 60 year.
Age (in years) Number of policy holders
Below 20 2
Below 25 6
Below 30 24
Below 35 45
Below 40 78
Below 45 89
Below 50 92
Below 55 98
Below 60 100

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6. The lengths of 40 leaves of a plant are measured correct to the nearest millimetre, and the data obtained
is represented in the following table. Find the median length of the leaves.

Length (in mm) Number of leaves

118 – 126 3
127 – 135 5
136 – 144 9
145 – 153 12
154 – 162 5
163 – 171 4
172 – 180 2

7. A survey regarding the heights (in cm) of 51 girls of Class X of a school was conducted and the following
data was obtained :

Height (in cm) No. of girls

Less than 140 4
Less than 145 11
Less than 150 29
Less than 155 40
Less than 160 46
Less than 165 51

Find the median height.

8. During the medical check-up of 35 students of a class, their weights were recorded as follows:
Weight (in kg) Number of students
Less than 38 0
Less than 40 3
Less than 42 5
Less than 44 9
Less than 46 14
Less than 48 28
Less than 50 32
Less than 52 35
Draw a less than type ogive for the given data. Hence obtain the median weight from the graph and verify
the result by using the formula.
9. The following table gives production yield per hectare of wheat of 100 farms of a village.
Production yield (in kg/ha) 50 – 55 55 – 60 60 – 65 65 – 70 70 – 75 75 – 80
Number of farms 2 8 12 24 38 16

Change the distribution to a more than type distribution, and draw its ogive.
10. The following table shows the ages of the patients admitted in a hospital during a year:
Age (in years) 5 – 15 15 – 25 25 – 35 35 – 45 45 – 55 55 - 65
Number of patients 6 11 21 23 14 5
Find the mode and the mean of the data given above. Compare and interpret the two measures of
central tendency.

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