Astronomy before the Telescope Edited by Christopher Walker With a foreword by Patrick Moore Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Press© 1996 The Trustees of the British Muscum Published by Britis Msseunn Press A division of The British Museum Company Led 46 Bloomsbury Stiees, London WC1B 3QQ First published 1996 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from che British Library ISBN 0-7141-1746-3 Designed by Andrew Shoolbred Printed in Great Britain by Butler & Tanner Led, Frome ILLUSTRATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Copyright owners not named in the captions are as follows. Figs 2, 6: photos by Chris Jennings, Fig. 3: photo by Clive Ruggles. Fig. 5: Office of Public Works, Dublin, Fig. 12: Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulurbesitz, Berlin. Fig, 27: reproduced by permission of Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd, London. Fig. 32: reproduced by permission of the Commitee of the Egypt Exploration Society. Figs 43, 44: reproduced by permission of Charles Seribncr’s Sons, New York, Fig, 48: reproduced by kind permission of the Trustees, ofthe Chester Beatty Library, Dublin. Figs 83, 84, 89, 90: Colin Ronan, Fig 85: photo by Tony Sizar. Figs 87, 91: reproduced by perinission of Cambridge University Pres/Needham Research Institute, Cambridge. Fig, 94: photo by A. Aveni, Fig, 95: rollout photograph © Justin Kerr 1980, Fig. 100: photo by H, Haramg., Fig, 101: reproduced by permission of the University of Texas Press, Fig, 11: reproduced by permission of the Royal Society, London. Col. Pl. I: English Heritage/Skyscan Balloon Photography: Col. Pl I: photo Victor Boswel Jr, © National Geographic Society. Col, Pl, VII: photo Seals, Milan ‘The maps (Figs 1, 7, 20, 41, 47, 59, 82, 93, 104, 107 and 109) were drawn by Ann Searight. Fig. 86 was «drawn by F, Robson. Hieroglyphs by Compuglyph (all rights reserved. Fhutspieee ‘The Isanbul observatory around the year 1577. The director of the observatory, Tagi HDi, is holding an astrolabe; the other astronomers are involved with various instruments, of which only the terrestrial globe and the mechanical clock are European imports. See further chapter 9. (University Library, Iscanbul, MS Yildz 1404)