Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BUILDING AUSTRALIA
WITH YOU
JANUARY 2010
ENSHAM DRAGLINE, BUCYRUS, QLD
All plate processed by OneSteel Steel & Tube
OneSteel Steel & Tube is a major national steel processing provider, as well as a leading steel distributor.
We offer customised processing solutions inclusive of an extensive range of additional services, reducing
the complexity for you. If you have a major project, contact OneSteel Steel & Tube to find out how you can
maximise the quality of results with one of our complete processing packages.
Wollongong Mackay
Five Islands Road, Unanderra NSW 2526 Cnr. Harbour Road & Spiller Avenue, North Mackay QLD 4740
T+61 2 4271 1788 T+61 7 4955 1555
F+61 2 4271 7198 F+61 7 4955 2606
e wolsales@onesteel.com e salesmackay@onesteel.com
Newcastle Townsville
Industrial Drive, Mayfield NSW 2304 387 Bayswater Road, Townsville QLD 4814
T+61 2 4967 0900 T+61 7 4775 6111
F+61 2 4967 0970 F+61 7 4725 4601
e newcastlesales@onesteel.com e towsales@onesteel.com
Please note that any specifications or technical data referred to in this publication are subject to change and/or variation or improvement without notice and no
warranty as to their suitability for any use is made. Users of this publication – to ensure accuracy and adequacy for their purposes – are requested to check the
information provided in this publication to satisfy themselves as to its appropriateness and not to rely on the information without first doing so. Unless required by
law, the company does not accept any responsibility for any loss, damage or consequence resulting from the use of or reliance upon this publication. This publication
is not an offer to trade and shall not form any part of the trading terms in any transaction. Images reproduced courtesy of Bucyrus International Inc.
CAOSST10 © Copyright 2010 OneSteel Trading Pty Limited. Not to be reproduced in any form.
Foreword
This publication has been prepared by OneSteel Steel & Tube which is an operating business group of OneSteel
Distribution, OneSteel Trading Pty Limited ABN 50 007 519 646.
The aim of this booklet is to provide customers with useful information regarding Australian steel. Every effort
has been made to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate.
However, it should be noted that the company cannot accept responsibility for errors or omissions, or for
changes which have taken place since the printing of this edition. Unless required by law, the company cannot
accept any responsibility for any loss, damage or consequence resulting from the use of this publication.
The preferred range of sizes only has been covered, some of these sizes may be subject to minimum order
quantities, and every care should be taken to establish availability before proceeding based on the specifications
provided. Additional information concerning non-preferred sizes, range of specifications available, or related
data not included in this booklet is available on request through OneSteel Steel & Tube sites. Contact details are
available on the previous page of this booklet.
Note: Mass Calculations have been based on a mass for carbon steel of 7,850 kg/m3 rounded off and include a
2.5 per cent rolling tolerance where applicable.
Sources
• OneSteel - Pricing and Availability Guide - Hot (Effective 1st September 2009); Pricing and
Rolled & Welded Structural Steel (Effective Availability Guide - DuraGal® Profiles (Effective
3rd September 2009); Pricing and Availability 16th September 2009)
Guide - Merchant Bar Products (Effective 4th • BTM Information Handbook (Date of Issue:
September 2009); Pricing and Availability 19/03/03 Issue 2)
Guide - Precision Tube Products (Effective 5th • Nationwide Stainless Weights (2009)
October 2009) • BlueScope Steel - Xlerplate® General Range
• OneSteel Reinforcing Price & Availability Guides Price Schedule (Effective 6th June 2008)
(Effective January 2009) • BlueScope Steel - Xlerplate® Coil Plate & Coil
• Midalia Steel Price List (September 2005) Floor Plate Price Schedule (Effective 6th June
• Australian Tube Mills - Pricing and Availability 2008)
Guide - Pipe & Tube Structural Products
Trademarks
Registered trademarks of OneSteel Trading Pty Ltd: Trademarks of OneSteel Australian Tube Mills Pty Ltd:
DuraGal®, SupaGal® Galtube Plus®, DuraGal Flooring OZTUBE™
System®, DuraGal Carport®, EZYFORM®, HI-FORM®,
Registered Trademarks of LiteSteel Products Pty Ltd:
GALVATUBE®, TUBECOLOR®, HI-LITE®
LiteSteel® beam
Registered trademarks of OneSteel Manufacturing Pty
Registered trademarks of BlueScope Steel Ltd:
Ltd: 300PLUS®
BLACKFORM®, BRIGHTFORM®, GALVABOND®,
Registered trademarks of OneSteel Reinforcing Pty GALVASKIN®, ZINCANNEAL®, ZINCALUME®,
Ltd: HANDI MESH® COLORBOND®, LY-TEN®
Registered trademarks of OneSteel Coil Coaters Pty Trademark of BlueScope Steel Ltd: Lasercut™
Ltd: COLORGUARD®
Registered trademark of ITW Australia Pty Ltd:
Trademarks of OneSteel Trading Pty Ltd: GAL140™
PRYDA®
Table of Contents
Structural STEEL Page PIPE & TUBE Page STAINLESS STEEL Page
sections
Pipe - Painted* 20 Stainless Steel - Austenitic 36
Flat Bar - Square Edge 4 Sheet & Coil
Pipe- OZTUBE™ Painted 21
Flat Bar - Round Edge 5 Stainless Steel - Ferritic 36
Pipe - Galvanised* 22
Sheet & Coil
Flats - DuraGal® 6
Pipe - DuraGal® & 23
Stainless Steel - Flat Bar 36
Round Bar 6 SupaGal® Extra Light*
Stainless Steel - Angle 37
Square Bar 7 CHS - Large Structural* 23
Stainless Steel - Round Bar 37
Billets 7 SHS - Squares* 24
Stainless Steel Pipes - ASME 38
Angles - 300PLUS® Equal 7 SHS - OZTUBE™ Squares 25
B36.19
Angles - DuraGal® 8 RHS - Rectangles* 26
BUILDING PRODUCTS Page
Angles - 300PLUS® Unequal 8 RHS - OZTUBE™ 27
LiteSteel beam
®
39
Rectangles
Channels - DuraGal® 9
DuraGal Carports® 42
Tubecolor® 27
Channels - 300PLUS® 9
DuraGal Flooring System® 42
Parallel Flange ERW Steel Tube - Circular 28
Purlins - C Sections 44
Rails 9 ERW Steel Tube - Oval 29
Purlins - Z Sections 44
Beams - 300PLUS® 10 ERW Steel Tube - Square 30
Universal DuraGal Plus Lintels
®
44
ERW Steel Tube - 31
Beams - 300PLUS® Welded 10 Rectangular Lintels 45
Beams - 300PLUS® Taper 11 SHEET & COIL Page MESH Page
Flange
Sheet - BLACKFORM® 31 Mesh - Expanded Metal 46
Columns - 300PLUS® 11
Sheet - BRIGHTFORM® 32 Mesh - HANDI MESH® 46
Universal
Sheet - Hot Rolled Pickled 32 Mesh - Trench 46
Columns - 300PLUS® 11
HA3-P LY-TEN®
Welded Mesh - Reinforcing 47
Sheet - Cold Rolled 32
Hot Rolled Structural Bundle 12 Mesh - General Purpose 47
Configuration Sheet - GALVABOND® 33
Deformed Bar 47
Plate - Grade 250 14 Sheet - GALVASKIN® 33
GENERAL INFORMATION Page
Plate - Grade 350 15 Sheet - ZINCANNEAL® 34
Geometry & Mensuration 48
Plate - Grade K1042 15 Sheet - ZINCALUME® 34
Handy Tips 48
Plate - Boiler 15 Sheet - COLORBOND® 34
Gauge Conversions 49
Plate - Pressure Vessel 15 Coil - COLORGUARD® 35
General Information: Pipe 49
Plate - Lasercut 15 Coil - COLORGUARD® 35 & RHS
PLUS
Plate - Coil 16 Telescoping RHS Tables 50
Coil - COLORGUARD® 35
Plate - Coil Floor 16 Australian Standards 51
METALLIC
Plate - Floor 16 Conversion Tables 52
Plate - Quenched & 17 *Up until & including December 2010,
Glossary of Terms 54
some stock ranges listed as AS/NZS
Tempered
1163-2009 may still only be compliant to Important Details 56
Plate: International 18 AS 1163-1991.
Safety Reminder 56
Standards Comparison
Want to find it quickly?
Use this hyperlinked contents list by clicking on the product you want to find.
Click on the ‘Contents’ button on each page to return here.
Flat Bar* - Square Edge 6m
Size Mass Metres per Size Mass Metres per
mm x mm kg/m Tonne mm x mm kg/m Tonne
Round Bar* 6m
Diameter Mass Metres per Diameter Mass Metres per
mm kg/m Tonne mm kg/m Tonne
Length/ Length/
Nominal Nominal
Size Mass Metres per Pack Size Mass Metres per Pack
Thickness Thickness
mm kg/m Tonne Standard mm kg/m Tonne Standard
mm mm
6.0 9.0 9.0 12
Contents
8
Channels - DuraGal® Various Standard
Lengths
Length/ Length/
Nominal Nominal
Size Mass Metres per Pack Size Mass Metres per Pack
Thickness Thickness
mm kg/m Tonne Standard mm kg/m Tonne Standard
mm mm
9.0 12 9.0 12
Rails
Mass Metres per Mass Metres per
Section Section
kg/m Tonne kg/m Tonne
Contents
9
Beams - 300PLUS® Universal Various Standard
Lengths
Metric Size Mass Metres per Metric Size Mass Metres per
Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne
Metric Size Mass Metres per Metric Size Mass Metres per
Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne
700 WB 692 x 250 115 8.70 1000 WB 1 000 x 300 215 4.65
700 x 250 130 7.69 1010 x 350 258 3.88
710 x 250 150 6.67 1016 x 400 296 3.38
716 x 275 173 5.78 1024 x 400 322 3.11
800 WB 792 x 250 122 8.20 1200 WB 1 170 x 275 249 4.02
800 x 275 146 6.85 1170 x 350 278 3.60
810 x 275 168 5.95 1176 x 400 317 3.15
816 x 300 192 5.21 1184 x 400 342 2.92
1184 x 500 392 2.55
900 WB 900 x 300 175 5.71 1192 x 500 423 2.36
910 x 350 218 4.59 1200 x 500 455 2.20
916 x 400 257 3.89
924 x 400 282 3.55
Contents
10
Beams - 300PLUS® Taper Flange Various Standard
Lengths
Metric Size Mass Metres per Metric Size Mass Metres per
Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne
Metric Size Mass Metres per Metric Size Mass Metres per
Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne Designation mm x mm kg/m Tonne
Contents
11
Hot Rolled Structural Standard Bundle Configuration
6.0-9.0 9.1-10.5 10.6-12.0 12.1-13.5 13.6-15.0 15.1-16.5 16.6-18.0
Channels kg/m m m m m m m m
150 PFC 17.7 30 24 20 20 16 16 12
180 PFC 20.9 24 20 16 16 12 12 12
200 PFC 22.9 24 20 16 16 12 12 12
230 PFC 25.1 20 16 16 12 12 12 10
250 PFC 35.5 12 12 8 8 8 8 8
300 PFC 40.1 12 8 8 8 8 6 6
380 PFC 55.2 10 8 6 6 6 4 4
18.0 30 24 20 18 16 16 14
180 UB 16.1 30 24 20 18 16 16 14
18.1 30 24 20 18 16 16 14
22.2 24 20 16 16 14 12 12
Contents
14
Plate - Grade 350 Plate - Boiler (AS 1548-PT 460 NR)
Thickness Mass Width Length kg/lineal metre Thickness Mass Width Length kg/lineal metre
mm kg/m2 mm m of plate width mm kg/m2 mm m of plate width
(AS/NZS 3678-LasercutTM250)
12 94.20 2400 6.0 226.08
16 125.60 2400 6.2 301.44 Thickness Mass Width Length kg/lineal metre
20 157.00 2400 6.0 376.80 mm kg/m2 mm m of plate width
25 196.25 2400 6.0 471.00
32 251.20 2400 6.3 602.88 16 125.60 1500 6.0 188.40
40 314.00 2400 7.6 753.60 1500 9.0 188.40
50 392.50 2400 6.0 942.00 2400 6.0 301.44
60 471.00 2400 6.0 1130.40 20 157.00 1500 6.0 235.50
70 549.50 2400 5.8 1318.80 1500 9.0 235.50
80 628.00 2400 5.0 1507.20 2400 6.0 376.80
25 196.25 1500 6.0 294.38
1500 9.0 294.38
2400 6.0 471.00
32 251.20 1500 6.0 376.80
1500 9.0 376.80
Contents
15
Plate - Coil (AS/NZS 1594 - HA250)
Width
Thickness Mass
mm
mm kg/m2
910 - 1550 1765 -1800
Thickness Mass Width kg/lineal metre Thickness Mass Width Length kg/lineal metre
mm kg/m2 mm of plate width mm kg/m2 mm m of plate width
Contents
16
Plate - Quenched & Tempered
Bisalloy 80 Bisalloy 400 Bisalloy 500
Thickness Mass
Tensile Strength: Typical - Tensile Strength: Typical - Tensile Strength: Typical -
mm kg/m2
830MPa 1320MPa 1640MPa
Contents
17
Steel Plates
Structural Plate - International Standard Comparisons
Structural Plate - International Standards
Tensile Australian European* British* German* Japanese American International
Strength AS 3678 EN10025 BS 4360 DIN17100 JIS ASTM ISO 630
MPa
290 St33
300 200
310 A283A Fe310-0
330 G3101-SS330
360 S235JR 40A, B, St37-2 A283B Fe360A
C, D St37-3 B, C, D
380 A283C
400 G3101-SS400 A36,
G316-SM400 A573-400
A, B, C
410 250 S275JR St44-2 A283D
250L15 S275JO St44-3 A284C, D
S275J2G3 A529
S275J2G4 A572-290
430 300 Fe430B 43A, A633A Fe430A
300L15 C, D1, D2 B, C, D B, C, D
450 350 A573-450
350L15 A572-345
480 400 A573-485
400L15
490 S355JR 50A, S152-3 G3101-SS490 Fe510
S355JD B, C, D G3106-SM490 B, C, D
S355J2G3 A, B, C
G3106-SM490
YA, YB
520 450 G3106-SM520 A572-415 Fe510
450L15 B, C B, C, D
540 G3101-SS540
* EN10025 has replaced BS4360 and DIN17100 Standards
1. The table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts.
2. Grades are shown in increasing tensile strength order. In the case of American ASTM Standards some grades are shown in increasing yield strength (YS) order, as their
position in the hierarchy is different when based on the yield strength compared to tensile strength (TS).
3. For grades with suffix letters C, D on British, European and International Standards, B, C on Japanese Standards and suffix numbers 2, 3 on German Standards, the
appropriate Australian alternative is the nearest L15 grade of the equivalent strength level (ie. High or Medium).
4. This table is designed for customers to determine the nearest available Australian grade to an international specification.
Contents
18
Boiler Plate - International Standard Comparisons
Boiler Plate - International Standards
Tensile Australian European* British* German* Japanese American International
Strength AS 3678 EN10025 BS 4360 DIN17100 JIS ASTM ISO 630
MPa
310 A285-A
340 A285-B
360 2-P235GH 151-360 H1 P235
161-360
164-360
380 A285-C
A442-55
A515-55
A516-55
390 3-P275N
400 151-400 H11 G3103-SB410 A682-A P265
161-400 G3115-SPV235
164-400 G3118-SGV410
224-400 G3126-SLA235
410 2P265GH G3118-SGV410 P265
415 A515-65
A518-60
430 7-430
440 G3126-SLA325
450 G3118-SB450 A515-65
G3118-SGC450 A516-65
460 7-460 2-P295GH A662-B* P290
480 G3103-SB480
G3118-SGV480
490 7-490 224-490 19Mn6 G3115-SPV3115 A515-70 P315
A516-70
A841
490 5-490 3-P355GH G3126-SLA360 A537-C11 P315
A737-B
A841
510 2-P355GH P355
520 G3115-SPV355 A299
A455
A738-A
* EN10025 has replaced BS4360 and DIN17100 Standards
1. The table indicates the approximate relationship between Australian grades and their international counterparts.
2. Grades are shown in increasing tensile strength order. AS 1548-5-490 & equivalent grades have a higher minimum yield strength requirement than the corresponding
AS1548-7-490 & equivalent grades.
3. Grade equivalence shown is based on room temperature tensile properties only.
Contents
19
Pipe - Painted (AS/NZS 1163-2009) 6.5m
Nominal Outside
Wall Thickness Mass Metres per Pack Size
Size Section Diameter
mm kg/m Tonne (Lns)
(NB) mm
End Finish: Plain ends, shouldered, roll grooved, screwed BSP or swaged Continued on next page...
Contents
20
Pipe - Painted (AS/NZS 1163-2009) 6.5m
Nominal Outside
Wall Thickness Mass Metres per Pack Size
Size Section Diameter
mm kg/m Tonne (Lns)
(NB) mm
End Finish: Plain ends, shouldered, roll grooved, screwed BSP or swaged
Contents
21
Pipe - Galvanised (AS/NZS 1163-2009) 6.5m
Nominal Outside
Wall Thickness Mass Metres per Pack Size
Size Section Diameter
mm kg/m Tonne (Lns)
(NB) mm
End Finish: Plain ends, shouldered, roll grooved, screwed BSP or swaged Continued on next page...
Contents
22
Pipe - Galvanised (AS/NZS 1163-2009) 6.5m
Nominal Outside
Wall Thickness Mass Metres per Pack Size
Size Section Diameter
mm kg/m Tonne (Lns)
(NB) mm
Contents
23
SHS - Squares (AS/NZS 1163-2009) Various Standard
Lengths
Length/ Length/
Metres Metres
Size Surface Mass Pack Size Surface Mass Pack
per per
mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard
Tonne Tonne
6.5 8.0 8.0 12
SHS Surface Si - Si-Tek P - Painted S - SupaGal® L - Lite Oil Continued on next page...
Finishes C - Clear PG - Pre-Gal D - DuraGal®
24 Contents
SHS - Squares (AS/NZS 1163-2009) Various Standard
Lengths
Length/ Length/
Metres Metres
Size Surface Mass Pack Size Surface Mass Pack
per per
mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard
Tonne Tonne
8.0 12 8.0 12
150 x 150 x 5.0 C,P 22.1 45.3 9 6 300 x 300 x 8.0 L 71.6 14.0 1
x 6.0 C,P 26.2 38.2 6 6 x 10.0 L 88.4 11.3 1
x 8.0 L 33.9 29.5 6 4 x 12.5 L 109 9.21 1
x 9.0 C,P,L 37.7 26.6 6 4 x 16.0 L 136 7.36 1
x 10.0 L 41.3 24.2 2
350 x 350 x 8.0 L 84.2 11.9 1
200 x 200 x 5.0 C,P 29.9 33.4 6 4 x 10.0 L 104 9.61 1
x 6.0 C,P 35.6 28.1 4 4 x 12.5 L 128 7.80 1
x 8.0 L 46.5 21.5 4 2 x 16.0 L 161 6.21 1
x 9.0 C,L 51.8 19.3 4 2
x 10.0 L 57.0 17.6 2 400 x 400 x 10.0 L 120 8.35 1
x 12.5 L 69.4 14.4 2 x 12.5 L 148 6.76 1
x 16.0 L 85.5 11.7 1 x 16.0 L 186 5.38 1
Length/ Length/
Metres Metres
Size Surface Mass Pack Size Surface Mass Pack
per per
mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard
Tonne Tonne
6.5 8.0 6.5 8.0
Length/ Length/
Metres Metres
Size Surface Mass Pack Size Surface Mass Pack
per per
mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard
Tonne Tonne
8.0 12 8.0 12
Length/ Length/
Metres Metres
Size Surface Mass Pack Size Surface Mass Pack
per per
mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard mm x mm x mm Finish kg/m Standard
Tonne Tonne
8.0 12 8.0 12
300 x 200 x 6.0 L 45.0 22.2 2 400 x 200 x 8.0 L 71.6 14.0 2
x 8.0 C,P,L 59.1 16.9 2 x 10.0 L 88.4 11.3 1
x 10.0 C,P,L 72.7 13.8 2 x 12.5 L 109 9.21 1
x 12.5 L 89.0 11.2 1 x 16.0 L 136 7.36 1
x 16.0 L 111 9.04 1
400 x 300 x 8.0 L 84.2 11.9 1
350 x 250 x 6.0 L 54.4 18.4 2 x 10.0 L 104 9.61 1
x 8.0 L 71.6 14.0 2 x 12.5 L 128 7.80 1
x 10.0 L 88.4 11.3 1 x 16.0 L 161 6.21 1
x 12.5 L 109 9.21 1
x 16.0 L 136 7.36 1
Size Thickness Mass Metres per Size Thickness Mass Metres per
mm x mm mm kg/m Tonne mm x mm mm kg/m Tonne
31.8 0.9 0.686 1460 127 50.8/ 51.0 1.2 1.47 679 61
1.2 0.906 1100 127 1.4 1.71 584 61
1.4 1.05 953 127 1.6 1.94 515 61
1.6 1.19 839 127 2.0 2.41 414 61
2.0 1.47 680 127 2.3 2.75 363 61
3.2 2.26 443 127 2.5 2.98 335 61
2.6 3.09 323 61
35.0 1.2 1.00 1000 91 3.2 3.76 265 61
1.6 1.32 759 91
2.0 1.63 614 91 54.0 1.2 1.56 640 61
2.6 2.08 481 91 1.4 1.82 551 61
3.2 2.51 398 91 1.6 2.07 484 61
2.0 2.56 390 61
38.0 0.9 0.823 1210 91 2.6 3.30 303 61
1.2 1.09 918 91 3.2 4.01Continued
249 on next page...
61
1.6 1.44 696 91
2.0 1.78 563 91
2.6 2.27 441 91
3.2 2.75 364 91
Continued on next page...
Please note: Not all sizes are available in every finish & minimum order quantities may apply
Finishes: Hot rolled, EZYFORM®, HI-FORM®, GALVATUBE®
Contents
28
ERW Steel Tube - Circular 6.1m
Size (OD) Thickness Mass Metres per Lengths Size (OD) Thickness Mass Metres per Lengths
mm mm kg/m Tonne per Pack mm mm kg/m Tonne per Pack
31.8 x 16.0* 1.2 0.736 1359 162 50.8 x 15.9* 1.2 1.09 915 102
1.6 0.965 1036 162 1.6 1.44 694 102
2.0 1.18 847 162 2.0 1.78 562 102
*Flat sided oval
Please note: Not all sizes are available in every finish & minimum order quantities may apply
Finishes: Hot rolled, EZYFORM®, HI-FORM®, GALVATUBE®
Contents
29
ERW Steel Tube - Square 6.1m
Dimensions Thickness Mass Metres Lengths Dimensions Thickness Mass Metres per Lengths
mm x mm mm kg/m per Tonne per Pack mm x mm mm kg/m Tonne per Pack
19.0 x 19.0 0.9 0.487 2050 168 31.8 x 31.8 1.2 1.13 885 128
1.2 0.640 1560 168 1.4 1.31 762 128
1.4 0.740 1350 168 1.6 1.49 671 128
1.6 0.838 1190 168 2.0 1.84 542 128
2.0 1.03 974 168
35.0 x 35.0 1.6 1.64 609 84
22.2 x 22.2 0.9 0.583 1710 168 2.0 1.99 502 84
1.2 0.769 1300 168 2.3 2.29 4.36 84
1.4 0.890 1120 168
1.6 1.01 991 168 38.0 x 38.0 1.2 1.37 729 84
2.0 1.24 805 168 1.4 1.59 627 84
1.6 1.81 551 84
25.4 x 25.4 0.9 0.668 1497 168 2.0 2.25 445 84
1.2 0.881 1130 168 2.5 2.78 359 84
1.4 1.02 979 168
1.6 1.16 863 168 50.0 x 50.0 1.6 2.39 418 60
2.0 1.43 700 168 2.0# 2.97 336 60
30.0 x 30.0 1.2 1.05 956 128 60.0 x 60.0 1.6 2.89 346 32
1.6# 1.38 725 128 2.0 3.59 279 32
Please note: Not all sizes are available in every finish & minimum order quantities may apply
Finishes: Hot rolled, EZYFORM®, HI-FORM®, GALVATUBE®
# GALVATUBE® finish only Contents
30
ERW Steel Tube - Rectangular 6.1m
Dimensions Thickness Mass Metres per Lengths Dimensions Thickness Mass Metres per Lengths
mm x mm mm kg/m Tonne per Pack mm x mm mm kg/m Tonne per Pack
25.4 x 12.7 0.9 0.488 2050 180 50.0 x 20.0 1.6 1.63 613 110
1.2 0.642 1560 180
1.4 0.742 1350 180 50.0 x 25.0 1.2 1.32 757 110
1.6 0.840 1190 180 1.4 1.53 652 110
1.6 1.75 573 110
31.8 x 12.7 1.2 0.762 1310 162 2.0 2.16 463 110
1.4 0.883 1130 162
1.6 1.00 999 162 50.8 x 31.8 1.2 1.47 679 54
1.4 1.71 584 54
31.8 x 22.2 1.2 0.941 1060 126 1.6 1.95 513 54
1.4 1.09 916 126 2.0 2.42 413 54
1.6 1.23 813 126
57.0 x 35.0 1.6 2.19 456 72
35.0 x 19.0 1.2 0.950 1050 144 2.0 2.72 367 72
1.4 1.10 908 144
1.6 1.25 800 144 70.0 x 34.0 1.6 2.44 410 42
2.0 1.54 648 144 2.0 3.03 330 42
38.1 x 25.4 1.2 1.13 881 80 70.0 x 50.0# 1.6 2.90 345 42
1.4 1.32 759 80 2.0 3.60 278 42
1.6 1.50 668 80
2.0 1.85 540 80 80.0 x 40.0 1.6 2.89 346 42
50.0 x 10.0# 2.0 3.59 279 42
0.9 0.81 1240 125
90.0 x 38.0+ 2.0 3.84 260 42
Please note: Not all sizes are available in every finish & minimum order quantities may apply
Finishes: Hot rolled, EZYFORM®, HI-FORM®, GALVATUBE®
# GALVATUBE® finish only + Only readily available in WA
Sheet - BLACKFORM®
Base Metal Base Metal Base Metal
Width Width Width
Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2
mm mm mm
mm mm mm
Contents
31
Sheet - BRIGHTFORM®
Base Metal Base Metal Base Metal
Width Width Width
Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2
mm mm mm
mm mm mm
Contents
32
Sheet - GALVABOND® (G2 Z275)
Base Metal Base Metal Base Metal
Width Width Width
Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2
mm mm mm
mm mm mm
Contents
33
Sheet - ZINCANNEAL® (G2S ZF100)
Base Metal Base Metal Base Metal
Width Width Width
Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2 Thickness kg/m2
mm mm mm
mm mm mm
1200 x 2400 x 0.55 Headland®, Manor Red®, Jasper®, Sandbank®, Classic Cream™, 76
Surfmist®, Paperbark ®, Dune®, Shale Grey™, Windspray®, Woodland
Grey®, Bushland®, Pale Eucalypt®, Wilderness®, Cottage Green®,
Monument™, Deep Ocean®, Ironstone®, Evening Haze®, Loft®
1200 x 0.40 Tuscan Red, Heritage Red, Jasmin Brown, Sandlewood, Smooth G300 AZ150
x 0.55 Cream, Off White, Birch, Gull Grey, Armour Grey, Slate Grey,
940 x 0.42 Bushsmoke, Mist Green, Rivergum, Caulfield Green, Monolith, Mt G550 AZ150
x 0.48 Blue, Iron Grey, Dusk, Attic
1200 x 0.55 Birch, Gull Grey, Armour Grey, Slate Grey, Rivergum, Iron Grey, Black G300 AZ200
940 x 0.42 Grey, Coral White G550 AZ200
x 0.48
1200 x 0.55 Silver Coin, Champagne, Portico Grey, Alliance Grey, Glasshouse, G300 AZ150
940 x 0.42 Light Blue Metallic, Coppery Penny, Silver City, Silversmith, Temple G550 AZ150
x 0.48 Gold
Contents
35
Stainless Steel - Austenitic Sheet & Coil
Thickness Range Width
Grade
mm mm
Contents
36
Stainless Steel - Angle (Grades 304, 316)
Size Mass Size Mass
mm kg/m mm kg/m
5 x 25 x 3
2 1.13 0 x 40 x 3
4 1.85
x 5 1.77 x 5 2.98
x 6 2.06 x 6 3.49
0 x 30 x 3
3 1.36 0 x 50 x 3
5 2.36
x 5 2.17 x 5 3.79
x 6 2.53 x 6 4.46
Contents
37
Stainless Steel Pipes
STAINLESS STEEL PIPES TO AMERICAN STANDARD ASME B36.19
2 2
Stainless Steel Pipes to ASME B36.19
NOMINAL WALL THICKNESS & INSIDE DIAMETER – millimetres
NOMINAL OUT-
SIZE SIDE SCHEDULE 5S SCHEDULE 10S SCHEDULE 40S SCHEDULE 80S
DIAM. Wall Inside Wall Inside Wall Inside Wall Inside
DN mm Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter Thickness Diameter
100 114.30 2.11 110.08 3.05 108.20 6.02 102.26 8.56 97.18
125 141.30 2.77 135.76 3.40 134.50 6.55 128.19 9.52 122.25
150 168.28 2.77 162.74 3.40 161.47 7.11 154.05 10.97 146.33
200 219.08 2.77 213.54 3.76 211.56 8.18 202.72 12.70 193.68
250 273.05 3.40 266.24 4.19 264.67 9.27 254.51 12.70* 247.65
300 323.85 3.96 315.93 4.57 314.71 9.52 304.08 12.70* 298.45
mm
Contents
38
LiteSteel® beam Various Standard
Lengths
Standard Lengths
All LSB sizes listed in the tables are readily available from authorised LSB distribution
outlets in standard lengths. However, the availability should be checked for
large quantities of individual sizes and for non-standard lengths.
The full range of LSB sections is summarised in the table below. Sections can be ordered in
non-standard lengths subject to minimum order requirements and mill rolling schedules.
Notes: 1. Standard lengths may vary in some states. Please check with your local supplier when ordering.
Mechanical Properties
The DuoSteel grade LiteSteel beam is manufactured from a base steel which has a minimum yield
stress f y = 380 MPa and a tensile strength fu = 490 MPa. The cold-forming process enhances the yield
stress and tensile strength of the flanges of the LSB in the same way it does for the rectangular hollow
sections, producing a formed section which complies with the following requirements:
Minimum Elongation as a
Minimum Tensile
Minimum Yield Stress proportion of Gauge Length
Strength
Location fy of
fu
MPa 5.65 So
MPa %
Web 380 490 14
Flanges 450 500 14
Contents
39
Coatings Compared
Research has shown that LiteSteel beam with AZ+ is ideal for external use in moderate environments
without the need for a painted top coat. Other pre-galvanised coatings simply don’t make the grade,
with expensive paints required to achieve the corrosion protection required by BCA guidelines.
Comparison and Suitability of Protective Coatings:
Notes: 1. means that the protective coating satisfies the requirements of Table 3.4.4.2 of the BCA Volume Two.
2. ‘Paint Top Coat Required’ means that a paint top coat treatment is needed to satisfy the requirements of Table 3.4.4.2 of the BCA Volume Two.
3. ‘Prime Painted’ refers to standard water based EnviroKote paint primer.
4. The comparative performance of the AZ+ coating with the other coatings is obtained from the following references:
i) Smorgon Steel Reinforcing, Sunshine Laboratory (2007), “Test Report No. TR07-01 (including NATA Endorsed Test Certificate 06N001)”,
Victoria, Australia, 10 January 2007.
ii) Townsend, H. E. and Borzillo, A. R. (1997), “55% Al-Zn Alloy Coated Sheet Steel: The Versatile, Long Lasting Building Panel Steel”, 5th
International Conference on Zinc Coated Steel Sheet, Birmingham, England, 12–13 June 1997.
5. The distances listed in this table defining moderate and severe environments are minimum distances and should be used as a guide only.
The appropriate distance from breaking surf or from salt water not subject to breaking surf depends on regional factors, and may be
significantly larger. In some locations, the acceptable distance from breaking surf could extend as far as 10 to 50 km inland. Local factors
such as prevailing winds, topography, shielding by other buildings and trees, and exposure to rain will also influence the classification of the
exposure environment. The nature of a structure and the design details of that structure may also have a significant affect on the susceptibility
of individual members to corrosion. AZ+ is not recommended for use in non-sealed decks and verandahs within the splash zone of swimming
pools. If you are uncertain as to the suitability of a protective coating for your intended application, please refer to AS/NZS 2312. As a guide, AZ+ is
considered to last 3 to 4 times longer than galvanised coatings of equal coating mass under the same exposure conditions.
Contents
40
Welding Information
The LSB can be readily welded using appropriate arc welding processes. The design of welded
connections for the LSB must comply with Section 5.2 of AS/NZS 4600.
The following welding consumables are suitable for the DuoSteel grade LSB:
These consumables are also acceptable and commonly used for welding to Grade 300 Angles and Flats
and to Grade 250 Plate.
Welding Safety
Weld fume monitoring tests conducted on the LSB AZ+ coating indicate that selected metal particulate
concentrations were below the respective exposure standards for each particular metalloid
contaminant. Measured ozone, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide concentrations were
also well below the respective exposure standards. Unless extended and continuous welding periods
are anticipated, no further protection other than standard welding personal protective equipment
(PPE) would be required to control zinc exposures under normal operating conditions. Welding in
confined spaces or other spaces with poor general ventilation should be avoided unless appropriate
controls (including supplied air) can be instituted. Those workers using an respiratory protective device
(RPD) must be trained in its selection, use, and maintenance. All tests were conducted as part of an
occupational hygiene survey by NSCA on behalf of LiteSteel Technologies.
Want to find
out more?
Click here to visit the
LiteSteel beam website
for more great product
information and featured
applications.
® ®
Contents
41
DuraGal Carport®
The DuraGal Carport® brings to the market a system that offers:
• A lightweight, efficient structure constructed from high strength GAL140TM RHS.
• A cost-effective coating system. The internal and external hot dip galvanized coating applied
provides a product ready for use.
• Proprietary fittings allow fast and efficient assembly.
• A selection of sizes includes cyclone ratings to suit all markets.
Size Range GAL140TM sizes The DuraGal Carport® uses high strength
Standard Height 2.150m Rafters: 150x50x2.0/3.0 C450L0 grade galvanised GAL140TM Hollow
• 5.4 x 3.0 & 5.4 (m) 100x50x1.6/2.0 Sections. The sections are strong and
lightweight making them easy and safe
• 6.0 x 3.0, 3.6 & 6.0 (m) Purlins: 150x50x2.0/3.0 to handle on site. The DuraGal Carport® is
• 7.0 x 3.6 & 6.0 (m) 100x50x1.6/2.0 designed using a range of speciality fittings to
Posts: 90x90x2.0 allow safe and easy construction.
Advantages of the DuraGal Carport®
• Material pre-cut and delivered direct to site
as a flat pack, read to install.
• Reduced edges minimise the chance of
vermin perching and nesting.
• No protruding fasteners.
• Easy & quick to erect.
• Visually pleasing clean lines.
• Simple Purlin fixing.
• Self-drilling screws allow speedier assembly.
• Easily cleaned.
• No welding and no time-consuming bolted
connections.
Easy to Install
The DuraGal Flooring System® uses high strength C450L0 grade galvanized GAL140TM Hollow Sections. The sections
are strong and lightweight making them easy to handle on site.
GAL140TM is easy to cut and drill, and best of all the system has been designed so that it simply screws together on
site using a screw gun fitted with a hex head bit.
The DuraGal Flooring System® features a range of speciality galvanized fittings designed to allow you to get on
with the job easily and quickly. Fast and accurate levelling of the floor using the adjustable piers during and after
construction is a great feature.
Sheet flooring can still be attached in the traditional way using building adhesive and gun-nailing. Most reputable
nail tool suppliers have hardened tipped nails to suit common nail guns to sheet flooring to steel joists up to and
including 2mm thick.
Contents
42
Spans Bearer end support Blocking
Width or diameter to
engineer’s specifications
Contents
43
Purlins - C Sections
Size Mass Size Mass
Designation Designation
mm x mm x mm kg/m mm x mm x mm kg/m
Purlins - Z Sections
Size Mass Size Mass
Designation Designation
mm xmm x mm kg/m mm x mm x mm kg/m
Note: Purlins are made from high tensile steel to be fastened rather than welded.
Contents
44
Lintels
Flat Angle
Max Clear Opening
85 x 8 100 x 100 x 6 150 x 100 x 6 100 x 75 x 10 150 x 90 x 10 150x100x10
(mm)
Multi Rib Multi Rib Multi Rib Traditional Traditional Traditional
up to 600mm 800
600 - 700 900 900 900
700 - 800 1000 1200
800 - 900 1100 1200 1200
900 - 1000 1200 1200 1200
1000 - 1100 1500 1500
1100 - 1200 1500 1500
1200 - 1500 1800 1800 1800 1800
1500 - 1800 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100
1800 - 2100 2400 2400 2400 2400 2400
2100 - 2400 2700 2700 2700 2700 2700
2400 - 2700 3000 3000 3000 3000
2700 - 3000 3300 3300 3300
3000 - 3300 3600 3600 3600
3300 - 3600 4000 4000 4000
4000 - 4200 4500 4500
4200 - 4500 5000 5000
4800 - 5100 5500 5500
5400 - 5700 6000 6000
Rendabar T-Bar
Max Clear
100 x 100 x 8 150 x 100 x 8 200 x 200 x 7 200 x 200 x 9 200 x 200 x 10 250/10x200/10 250/12x200/10
Opening (mm)
Rendabar Rendabar Multi Rib Multi Rib Traditional Traditional Traditional
up to 600mm 900
600 - 700 900 900
700 - 800 1200 1200
800 - 900 1200 1200
900 - 1000 1200 1200
1000 - 1100 1500 1500
1100 - 1200 1500 1500
1200 - 1500 1800 1800 1800
1500 - 1800 2100 2100 2100
1800 - 2100 2400 2400 2400
2100 - 2400 2700 2700 2700 2800
2400 - 2700 3000 3000 3000
2700 - 3000 3300 3300 3300
3000 - 3300 3600 3600 3600
3300 - 3600 4000 3900 3900
3600 - 4000 4200
4000 - 4200 4500
4200 - 4500 4800
4500 - 4800 5100 5200 5200
4800 - 5100 5400 5400 5400
5100 - 5400 5700 5600
5400 - 5700 6000 6000 6000
5700 - 6000 6300 6300
Contents
45
Mesh - Expanded Metal
Nominal Opening
Reference Sheet Size Strand Width Mass
Size
Number mxm mm Ea/kg
mm x mm
Mesh - Trench
Reference Width Wire Spacing Diameter Mass
Number (metre) mm x mm Long/Cross kg
mm/mm
Contents
46
Mesh - Reinforcing
Reference Sheet Size Wire Spacing Wire Diameter Weight
Number mxm mm x mm mm kg
Galv. Sheets
G112A 3 x 2.4 25 x 25 2.50 23
G113 x 2.4 x 25 3.15 36
G123 x 2.4 50 x 25 3.15 27
G224 x 2.4 x 50 4.00 29
G225 x 2.4 x 50 5.00 45
G234 x 2.4 x 75 4.00 24
G235 x 2.4 x 75 5.00 39
Galv. Rolls
G232A9 30 x 0.9 50 x 75 2.50 36
G232A12 x 1.2 x 75 2.50 48
G232A18 x 1.8 x 75 2.50 71
G442A9 x 0.9 100 x 100 2.50 22
G442A12 x 1.2 x 100 2.50 29
G442A18 x 1.8 x 100 2.50 42
Deformed Bar
Reference Diameter Mass Metres per Reference Diameter Mass Metres per
Number mm kg/m Tonne Number mm kg/m Tonne
Ellipse Area Long axis x Short axis x 0.7854 D1 (m) x D2 (m) x 0.7854 = Square
metres
Ellipse Volume Long axis x Short axis x 0.7854 x Length D1 (m) x D2 (m) x 0.7854 x L = Square
metres
Pyramid Area Perimeter of base x Slant Height/3 [A (m) + B (m) x 2 x Slant height]/3 =
Square metres
Pyramid Volume Area of base x Vertical Height/3 [A (m) + B (m) x H (m)]/3 = Cubic
metres
Handy Tips
To calculate the mass of steel circular hollow sections To calculate the mass of steel plate sections
(CHS) (as used in Australian Standards AS 1163) Mass = t x 7.850 x (L x W)
Circular sections where: Mass = kg
Mass = (OD - wt) x wt x 0.0246615. t = thickness of plate mm
where: Mass = mass/metre kg/m L = length of plate m
OD = outside diameter mm W = width of plate m
wt = section thickness mm To calculate the mass for Floor plate, add 2 kg/m2
To calculate the mass of flats, squares and rounds. To determine the length of conveyor belting
Flats: Width (mm) x Thickness (mm) x 0.00785 = kg/m Measure in inches from the outside of the roll to the
opposite side of the centre opening S. Count the number
Squares: Size (mm2) x 0.00785 = kg/m
of layers or turns of belt N.
Rounds: Diameter (mm2) x 0.006165 = kg/m C is constant = 0.2618
L = S x N x C = Length in feet/3.28 = metres
eg. 26” x 61 x 0.2618 = 415.22’ divide by 3.28 = 126.6m
Contents
49
Telescoping RHS
NOTE ‘sloppy’ fit may be suitable, while for others the tightest fit Side Clearance Side Clearance
possible may be more appropriate. Female
RHS is not a precision tube and all dimensions shown in the Female
chart, although in accordance with the specifications, may 3. Having selected the most suitable clearance for your
vary marginally within the tolerance bands permitted. application, take the appropriate size of the male (inner)
section from the right hand column, eg:
Sizes shown in bold print are sizes that provide a
clearance of less than 2.0mm. The internal weld bead Female Section Clearance Male Section
and variation in corner radii between sections will need (outer) mm (inner)
75 x 75 x 3.0 4.0x4.0 65 x 65 Side Side
to be considered when closer fits are indicated. Where Male Male
Clearance Clearance
telescoping over some length is desired, additional Note that clearance is total available difference between
allowance may be needed for straightness. For tight fits it member dimensions, not the gap on both sides.
is recommended that some form of testing be carried out
prior to committing material. 4. Where two telescoping sections are being used, thickness
should be similar and will be determined by normal 6. Press Fit. For short pieces with no need for separation
structural requirements. If a third section is to be used, or sliding an interference fit can be achieved using the
How To use this chart consideration of both clearance and thickness within the available ductility of the steel.
size list available may be required.
1. Select the appropriate table for the type of hollow section Note: Sizes where clearance is shown as 0.0 will generally
required. Select the size of female (or outside) member 5. RHS has the obvious advantage that its shape prevents require press fit.
closest to your requirements for the left hand column. rotation of the sections. When pipe is used it may need to
be fixed against twisting by welding or bolting.
2. Depending on the application select the clearance
required between the two members. Members may need to
slide freely inside each other, or be locked with a pin, spot
welded or fixed with wedges. This means, in some cases, a
Contents
50
Telescoping CHS
Sizes shown in bold print are sizes that provide a Female Section Male Section Clearance
clearance of less than 2.0mm. The internal weld bead (outer) (inner) mm
will need to be considered when closer fits are indicated. 76.1x5.9 60.3 2.6
Where telescoping over some length is desired, additional
allowance may be needed for straightness. For tight fits Note that clearance is total available difference between
member dimensions, not the gap on both sides. 6. Press Fit. For short pieces with no need for separation
it is recommended that some form of testing be carried
or sliding an interference fit can be achieved using the
out prior to committing material.
4. Where two telescoping sections are being used, available ductility of the steel.
How To use this chart thickness should be similar and will be determined by
normal structural requirements. If a third sections is the
1. Select the size of female (or outer) member closest to be used, consideration of both clearance and thickness
your requirements from the left hand column. within the size list available may be required.
2. Depending on the application select the clearance 5. Pipe may need to be fixed against twisting by welding
required between the two members. Members may need or bolting.
to slide freely inside each other, or be locked with a pin,
Australian Standards
Steel tube and tubular for ordinary
AS 1074 AS/NZS 1163 Structural steel hollow sections
service
AS/NZS AS/NZS
Cold formed steel structures Structural steel - hot rolled bars & sections
4600 3679.1
AS/NZS AS/NZS
Hot-rolled steel flat products Structural steels - Welded I sections
1594 3679.2
Steel sheet & strip- hot dipped zinc Structural steel- Hot rolled plates, floor
AS 1397 AS/NZS 3678
coated or aluminium/zinc coated plates and slabs
Carbon steels and carbon manganese
AS 1442 AS 1303 Steel reinforcing wire for concrete
steels-Hot rolled bars
AS 1450 Steel tubes for Mechanical Purposes
Contents
51
Mass Conversions kilos/pounds Mass Conversions tonnes/tons
Kilogram kg Pound lb Pound lb Kilogram kg Tonnes Tons Tons Tonnes
Contents
52
Useful conversion
USEFUL factors Imperial
CONVERSION FACTORS to MetricTO(Approximate)
– IMPERIAL METRIC (Approximate)
16 16
“SI” denotes the INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM of Metric Units adopted in Australia
MULTIPLY COLUMN “A” BY COLUMN “B” TO OBTAIN COLUMN “C”
THIS TABLE MAY BE USED IN TWO WAYS: ALTERNATIVELY
DIVIDE COLUMN “C” BY COLUMN “B” TO OBTAIN COLUMN “A”
A B C A B C
REMARKS MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN REMARKS MULTIPLY BY TO OBTAIN
2 2
AREA: Symbol m Square inches 645.16 mm POWER: Symbol W Btu per hour
Square feet 0.929 m2 (Btu/hr) 0.2931 W
The SI unit of AREA is 2
The SI unit of POWER is horsepower (hp) 0.7457 kW
the SQUARE METRE. Square yards 0.836 m the WATT.
Acre 4047 m2 ton of refrigeration 3.517 kW
Hectare (ha) 10 000 m2 PRESSURE: Symbol Pa lbf/in2 6.895 kPa
DENSITY: Symbol kg/m3 lb/in3 27.68 t/m3 kip/in2 (1000 psi) 6.895 MPa
The SI unit of
The SI unit of DENSITY is 3 3 PRESSURE or stress is lbf/ft2 47.88 Pa
lb/ft 16.02 kg/m
the kilogram per cubic the NEWTON PER kgf/cm 2
98.07 kPa
metre. lb/yd3 0.5933 kg/m3 SQUARE METRE which bar 100 kPa
has been given the name
Vertical column
ENERGY: Symbol J 1. ELECTRICAL PASCAL.
(head) of water.
ENERGY 1 N/m2 = 1Pa = (H20 at 20oC)
The SI unit of ENERGY is kilowatt hour (kW.h) 3.6 MJ 0.000145lbf/in2
the JOULE. metres of water 9.79 kPa
2. HEAT ENERGY A pascal is the pressure
feet of water 2.984 kPa
or stress which arises
1 J = 1 N.m British thermal unit torr (vacuum) 0.1333 kPa
when a force of one
(Btu) 1.055 kJ
newton is applied 1mm Hg. (mercury) 0.1333 kPa
A joule is the energy Btu/gal 0.2321 kJ/L †† uniformly over an area of
expended or the work Btu/ft3 37.26 kJ/m3 1in. Hg. (mercury) 3.386 kPa
one square metre.
done when a force of one atmosphere (atm) 101.325 kPa
newton moves the point 3. MECHANICAL
ENERGY microns 0.133 Pa
of application a distance
of one metre in the foot poundal TORQUE: Symbol N.m Poundal-foot
direction of that force. ft.pdl .04214 J (Moment of force) pdl.ft .04214 N.m
inch pound-force pound-force inch
in.lbf 0.1130 J The SI unit of TORQUE is lbf.inch 0.1130 N.m
foot pound-force the NEWTON METRE.
lbf.inch 1.152 kgf.cm
ft.lbf 1.356 J The newton metre is the
pound-force feet
foot ton force work done when a force
of one newton moves the lbf.ft 1.356 N.m
ft.tonf 3.037 kJ lbf.ft 13.83 kgf.cm
point of application a
Metre kilogram ton-force feet
distance of one metre in
force m.kgf 9.807 J the direction of that force. tonf.ft 3.037 kN.m
1 N.m = 1 J kilogram-force
FORCE: Symbol N Poundal (pdl) 0.1383 N
(NEWTON) kgf.m 9.807 N.m
The SI unit of FORCE kgf.cm 0.09807 N.m
Pound-force (lbf) 4.448 N
(kg.m/s2) has been given
the special name – VELOCITY: Symbol m/s ft. per second (ft/s) 0.3048 m/s
ton-force (tonf) 9.964 kN ft. per minute (ft/min) 0.00508 m/s
NEWTON.
The SI unit of VELOCITY
The newton is the force is the METRE PER miles per hour 0.4470 m/s
*kilogram-force
which when applied to a SECOND. miles per hour 1.609 km/h
(kgf) 9.807 N
body having a mass of
one kilogram, causes an VOLUME: CAPACITY: DRY:
acceleration of one metre *also known as
Symbol m3 cubic inch (in3) 16387 mm3
per second in the direction kilopond (kp)
of application of the force. The SI unit of VOLUME is cubic foot (ft3) 0.02832 m3
the CUBIC METRE. cubic yard (yd3) 0.7646 m3
FORCE PER UNIT pounds-force per
LENGTH: inch (lbf/in) 175.1 N/m litre (L) †† 1 000 000 mm3
The SI unit is NEWTON litre (L) †† 0.001 m3
PER METRE: pounds-force per
foot (lbf/ft) 14.59 N/m gallons (Imp.) 0.004546 m3
Symbol N/m
ton-force per IMPERIAL LIQUID
foot (ton/ft) 32.69 kN/m fluid ounce 28.41 millilitre (ml)
NOTE: †† pint (20 fl. oz) 568.3 millilitre (ml)
LENGTH: Symbol m inches 25.4 millimetres (mm) Capital “L” is now the legal
The SI unit of LENGTH is preferred symbol for litre quart (2 pints) 1.137 litre (L) ††
feet 0.3048 metres (m) gallon (Imp.) 4.546 litre (L) ††
the METRE. in Australia.
yards 0.9144 metres (m) gallon (US) 3.785 litre (L) ††
chain 20.12 metres (m) litre (water 4oC) 1.000 kilogram (kg)
mile 1609 metres (m) Imp. gallons
mile 1.609 kilometres (km) (water 20oC) 4.536 kilograms (kg)
MASS: Symbol kg ounce 28.35 grams (g) VOLUME: RATE OF Imp. gal. per minute
The SI unit of MASS is FLOW Symbol m3/s (gal/min) .0000758 m3/s
pound 0.4536 kilograms (kg)
the KILOGRAM. Imp. gal. per minute 0.272765 m3/hr
slug 14.59 kg The SI unit of VOLUME
RATE OF FLOW is the Imp. gal. per minute .0758 litre per
ton (2240 lb) 1016.05 kg second (L/s)
CUBIC METRE PER
short ton (2000 lb) 907.2 kg SECOND. cubic ft. per minute .000472 m3/s
ton (2240 lb) 1.016 tonne (t) cubic ft. per minute 0.472 litre per second
pounds per foot (L/s) 1 m3 = 1 kL
(lb/ft) 1.488 kg/m
pounds per yard SUNDRY ITEMS: miles per gallon 0.3540 km per litre
(lb/yd) 0.4961 kg/m gallons per mile 2.825 litres per km
TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE
The SI unit of TEMPERATURE is the KELVIN - Symbol K. For most Thepractical purposes
SI unit of of temperature
TEMPERATURE is the KELVIN – Symbol K
measurement and most calculations involving temperatures,
For most practical purposes degrees
of temperature Celsius, symbol
measurement oCcalculations
and most will be used.
involving temperatures, degrees Celsius, symbol oC will be used.
DEGREES FAHRENHEIT TO CELSIUS DEGREES CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT
DEGREES FAHRENHEIT TO CELSIUS DEGREES CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT
(oF - 32) x 5/9 = oC (oC x 9/5(o) F+32 = o F Contents
o
– 32) x /9 = C
5
53 (oC x 9/5) + 32 = oF
Glossary of Terms
ABRASION RESISTANCE: Resistance to frictional rubbing, as distinct from resistant to knocks and impacts.
Annealing: A process involving heating and cooling, applied usually to induce softening. The term is also
used to cover treatment to:-
Remove stresses
Alter mechanical or physical properties
Produce a definite microstructure
Remove dissolved glass
AUSTENITIC: The largest category of stainless steel, accounting for about 70 per cent of all production. The
austenitic class offers the most resistance to corrosion in the stainless group, owing to its substantial nickel
content and higher levels of chromium. Austenitic stainless steels are hardened and strengthened through
cold working instead of heat treatment.
Bend test: A test of ductility where a test piece must withstand, without fracture, bending through a
specific angle around a specified diameter.
Camber: The deviation of a side edge of metal sheet of strip from a straight line.
Chalking: A chalk-line formation on the surface of an organic coating caused by the breakdown of the
surface layer of resin, releasing pigment particles and fillers normally bound by the resin. This normally
occurs after long-term exposure to sunlight.
Cold Rolling: Is the reduction of hot-rolled pickled steel strip to a specified thickness, using a series of
stands of rolls. This distorts the grain structure of the steel and also a loss of ductility.
COLD WORKING: Changing the structure and shape of steel by applying stress at low temperature.
Ductility: The ability of a metal to deform form a flat condition into a complex shape without fracture.
Elasticity: That property of a material which causes it to resume its original form after removal of a load.
ELECTRIC RESISTANCE WELDED (ERW) PIPE: Pipe made from strips of hot-rolled steel which are passed
through forming rolls and welded.
Flatness: The flatness so sheet metal may be defined as the absence of any waviness or buckle.
Galvanising: The process of applying a coating of zinc to a surface of iron on steel to provide a corrosion
resistant surface. Zinc coating may be applied by hot-dipping or electroplating.
Gloss: The degree to which a painted surface possesses the property of reflecting light in a mirror like
manner. COLORBOND® steel surfaces are produced in 10 per cent, 25 per cent and 80 per cent gloss.
Heat Treatment: An operation or combination of operations involving the heating or cooling of a metal
or alloy in a solid state for the purpose of obtaining desired conditions or properties.
Killed steel: A steel with de-oxidants such as aluminium or silicon added before casting molten steel to
remove oxygen and so prevent evolution of carbon monoxide and chemical segregation during cooling.
Lock seaming: The closing of a tight seam of lock-formed edges of sheet metal. Snap lock-seam.
Lustre: Lustre finish is a smooth finish for electroplating achieved by using special prepared rolls. Some
surface preparation by the plater may be necessary.
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54
Glossary of Terms continued
Matt: Cold-rolled products are available with either a matt or lustre finish. The matt finish is produced by
rolling with mechanically roughened rolls.
Mechanical properties: Properties relating to the behaviour of materials under load in conventional
mechanical tests. Such as elastic moduli, tensile strength, elongation, hardness.
Normalising: Heated steel to, and if necessary holding at, a suitable temperature above the
transformation range, followed by cooling in a still atmosphere to ambient temperature in order to produce
a medium-to fine pearlite microstructure.
Pickling: Removal of oxide films from metal by immersion in an acid. The process is applied to scale
removal from metal prior to operations such as cold rolling, wire drawing and electroplating. Absorption
of hydrogen may occur in pickling causing embrittlement of hard steels and necessitating low temperature
annealing for its removal.
Pressing: Is a metal working process in which a flat blank, constrained between two surfaces, is forced by
a punch to take a required shape.
Primer: The first coat of a painting system applied to an unpainted surface. It normally has very good
adhesion and corrosion inhibitive properties.
Rolling direction: The direction in which strip has been rolled. Longitudinal or Transverse.
Scale: Layers of iron oxide formed on the surface of hot steel when oxygen in the air combines with iron
from the steel.
Skin-Passing: A light cold rolling operation (about 1-2 per cent of cold works) which removes the yield
point in steel which otherwise causes coil break, fluting or stretcher strain in subsequent operations.
Spangle: Grain or crystal of zinc, or zinc/aluminium as appearing on hot-dipped metallic coated steel.
Stress Relieving: Heating a metal to, and holding it at, some temperature generally bellow
recrystallisation range, followed by uniform cooling, for the purpose of removing internal stresses.
Stretcher Levelled: As applied to sheets, indicates a standard of flatness. Originating from an early
method of gripping the ends of sheet and stretching it to remove buckles.
Strip: A continuously rolled flat product of any width and thickness, supplied rolled up into a coil form.
Temper: To modify hardness of metals. Adjustment of hardness of heat treated article by controlled
heating after quenching. Increase of hardness by cold rolling. The degree of cold rolling is variable
depending on the required hardness and is more than that of skin-passing.
Tensile test: A standard sample of material is placed between two jars and drawn apart in a tensile
testing machine until fracture. The ultimate tensile strength is the load divided by the cross section area of
the sample.
Wash coat: The coating applied to the back or exposed side of the painted strip.
Yield Point / Yield strength: Defined in engineering and materials science as the stress at which a
material begins to deform plastically. Prior to yield point, the material will deform elastically and will return
to its original shape when the applied stress is removed. Once the yield point is passed some fraction of the
deformation will be permanent and non-reversible.
Contents
55
Important Details
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Safety Reminder
SAFETY AT WORK
OneSteel believes that a strong focus on safety in all workplaces is essential.
The most treasured moments of our lives happen outside of work, which is why it is
so important to go home safely. An incident at work affects more than just the injured
person. OneSteel encourages you to take a moment before commencing any task to
consider your safety and the safety of others.
Contents
56
STEP UP, WITH STEEL
For more information regarding these and other services, contact your local
OneSteel Steel & Tube representative, who will discuss your project with
OneSteel Manufacturing’s Business Development Managers.
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