BRITISH STANDARD Steel, concrete and composite bridges — Part 10: Code of practice for fatigue es 3.040 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW. BS 5400: Part 10: 1980 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 oe iIssue 1, March 1999 BS 5400 : Part 10 : 1980 Summary of pages ‘The following table identifies the current issue of each page. Issue I indicates that a page has been introduced for the first time by amendment. Subsequent issue numbers indicate an updated page. Vertical sidelining on replacement pages indicates the most recent changes (amendment, addition, deletion), Fase Tasae Fase Thane Front cover 2 6 i original Inside front cover blank 7 to 42 original a 1 43 2 ’ blank 4 original © blank 45 10 48 original a 1 49 2 1 2 50 blank 2 2 51 2 3 2 i bank 4 2 8 2 4a 1 a blank 4 blank Inside back cover original 5 2 Back cover 2 © BSI 06-1999 - aBS 5400: Part 10: 1980 Contents Page Foreword, 1 Cooperating organizations Back cover Recommendations 1. Scope 11 General 12 Loading 13 Assossment procedures 14 Other sources of fatigue damage 15 Limitations 1.5.1 Stoo! docks 1152 Reinforcement 1.83 Shear connectors 2.” References 3 3 3. 4 Definitions and symbols ‘1 Definitions .2 Symbols General guidance 4.1 Design life 42 Classification and workmanship 43° Swesses 4.4 Methods of assessment 4.5 Factors influencing fatigue behaviour 5. Classification of details tion of details in table 17 5.2 Unclassified details 5.21 General 5.22 Post-welding treatments 53. Workmanship and inspection 531 General 5.3.2 Detrimental effects 54 Stoel decks Stress calculations General 1 Stress range for welded details 2 Stress range for welds 3 Effective stress range for non-welded details 1.4 Calculation of stresses 115 Effects to be included 1.6 Effects to be ignored 2 Stress in parent metal 3 Stress in weld throats other than those attaching shear connectors 6.4 Stresses in welds attaching shear connectors 64.1 Gonerat 64.2 Stud connectors 6.4.3 Channel and bar connectors 6.5 Axial stress in bolts 7. Loadings for fatigue assessment 71 Design loadings 72 Highway loading 724° Generat 7.22 Standard loading 7.23. Application of loading 7.24 Allowance for impact 725 Centrifugal forces 73. Railway loading 734 General 73.2 Application of loading 73.3 Standard load spectra Fatigue assessment of highway bridges 1 Methods of assessment 1.1 Gener 1.2. Simplified procedures 2 Assessment without damage calculation DR DREADED DRED EE UR AOU UUNNSNNNNNNNAN, Issue 1, March 1999 1 144 11.2 113 4 15 Appen A Tables as Mee pon 8. 10. 1" 12, Page Procedure 12 Adjustment factors for oy, class S details only 12 1age calculation, single vehicle method 12 General 12 Procedure 12 Damage calculation, vehicle spectrum method 4 1 14 Design spectrum 14 ‘Simplification of design spectrum = 14 Calculation of damage “4 Fatigue assessment of railway bridges 18 Methods of assessment 18 General 18 ‘Simplified procedure 18 ‘Assessment without damage calculation 18, General 18 Procedure 18 Non-standard design life 18 Multiple cycles 20 Damage calculation 20 General 20 Design spectrum for standard loading 20 Design spectrum for non-standard loading 20 ‘Simplification of spectrum 20 Calculation of damage 20 Fatigue assessment of bridges carrying highway and railway loading 20 Tho Palmgren-Miner rule 20 Gonoral 20 Design o,—N relationship 22 Treatment of low stress cycles 22 Procedure 22 Miner’s summation greater than unity 22 dices Basis of o,—N relationship 23 Cycle counting bythe reservoir method 25 ation of standard highway bridge fatigue: Toading and methods of use 25 Examples of fatigue assessment of highway bridges by simplified methods 30 Derivation of standard railway load spectra 34 Examples of stress histories and cycle counting procedure 38 Testing of shear connectors a Explanatory notes on detail classification a ‘Annual flow of commercial vehicles (ne x 108) 8 Standard load spectra for RU loading 11 Standard load spectra for RL loading 12 Values of 3 for RU loading of railway bridges 19 Values of ke for railway bridges 19 Values of ks for railway bridges 19 Values of ke for RL loading of railway bridges 19 Design o,—W relationships and constant amplitude non:propagating stress range values 2 Mean-line or —N relationships 23. Probability factors 23 Typical commercial vehicle groups 27 Proportional damage from individual ‘groups of typical commercial vehicles 28 e) ee siszng