Deliberation on the Development

Mode of Port Logistics Hub

Xu Ping 2016.10 HangZhou

Foreword
Port is a basic, predominated and service industry for the national
economy. The development of port has an interactive development
relationship with the city, region and correlative industries.
The stage and form of the port is related to the development stage
and level of the region and correlative industries.
 Influenced by the internal and external factors, the port follows
the development rule shifting from the traditional industry to the
modern service one, exhibiting various development modes. The
global port ,up till now has graduated into the development mode
of port logistics hub.
Content
1.Developmental Mechanism on Port Logistics Hub

2.Development Mode of Port Logistics Hub

3.Evaluation Index System of Port Logistics Hub

4.Case Study of Development Mode of Port

Logistics Hub
 Port the Healthy
Several Opinions on Promoting
Development of the Maritime Industry, Instructions
to logistic
Promote the Development
国务院关于依托黄金水道推动长江经济带发展的指导意见 of the Yangtze River
Economic Belt relying onHub
the Golden Waterway and
Medium-term
The forming and
and Long-term development of logistics
物流业发展中长期规划（2014-2020年）
influencing
industry Planning (2014-2020) from the State
Council .
Instruction to Promotefactor
the Transformation and
Upgrading of Port from the Ministry of Transport.
 Name Concept Function

According to the Port Law,the term "port" means a region comprising certain water The junction of sea and land;
and land areas, having the functions for vessels to enter, leave, lie at anchor and moor, The facilities for the safe docking of the ship ;
Port
for passengers to embark and disembark, and for goods to be loaded, unloaded, timely transfer of passenger, cargo ship,
lightered and stored, and being equipped with the necessary dock facilities. shore.
Logistics refers to the management of the flow of goods from the supplier to the Transport, storage, loading, handling,
receiving entity. In order to meet requirements, it involves the integration of transport, packaging, circulation processing,
Logistic
storage, handling, loading ,handling, packaging, circulation processing, distribution, distribution, recycling, information
recycling, information processing. processing.
The function of comprehensive service,
As part of the social logistics, port logistics , refers to the port, under the platform of information processing, multimodal transport,
logistics park, distribution system, logistics information system and commodity commerce and trade service, bonded service,
trading center, leverage the strength in its shoreline resources, infrastructure, goods function of concentration and radiation.
Port Logistic
distribution, information, to expand the logistics operation , seek the organic
integration of transport, warehousing , loading, agent, easy processing , distribution ,
information processing . Thus the comprehensive system providing services for all
kinds of industry supply chains is formed to provide the multi-functional , integrated
comprehensive logistics services.
The logistics hub refers to the logistics facilities group supported by comprehensive 1. Link two or more modes of
transport hub, which can link two or more modes of transports, undertake the role of transportations
interchange of the main logistics between the region (or logistics hub), and can 2. Undertake the role of transit, exchange and
Logistic Hub organize the direct lines (round) (direct train, direct shipping line, direct flight and link.
highway direct line) by a number of tightly linked operations, reasonable division of 3.Closely linked operation, reasonable
labor, convenient transport node facilities(logistic park,logistic center). division of labor and convenient transport.
 Port logistics hub, a port-based development concept,
with closely linked logistics node facilities, is driven by
internal factors and external environment like economy and
policy. The hub is in the form of transport center, port
city logistics hub and international logistics hub. Besides,
it is a logistics facilities complex with services such as
transport transfer, storage and processing, port industry,
trade agglomeration, information processing and supply chain
nodes of logistics.
 Due to the variation of technology, capital, talent,
industry, environment and other factors, the logistics
hub displays the development level from low to high. We
use the conceptual model of “ space, feature and
function “ to demonstrate the development form of the
logistics hubs. 空间

C
B 功能
A

特征
 tansfer
Logist
people ic area warehouse

port
Transport Port process
ship center industry
area
organize
Transport
& loading Logistic
cargo center
Auxiliary

The first development form is transport hub. The transport hub primarily
focuses on the enhancement of logistics operation and production
efficiency, represented by the functions including the transport transit,
loading and unloading, multimodal transport and etc.
The second form of the development is port city logistics hub. The focus is on the port
industry , the cluster of commerce and business, the logistics center, logistics parks, the
bonded logistics system, and public logistics information platform, highlighting industry
function, trade and business as well as the modern logistics.
 Regional, global
区域、全球供应链的上
supply chain
Manufacturing, 游
制造业、服务业集聚， upstream
service industry
形成产业集群
cluster formation

Port logistics Port

port node +
+ logistics
hub city
Port logistics hub as
Marine economy
海洋经济 Port logistics hub
+ third layer Land陆地经济
economy an international
logistics system hub
Port group

Regional, global
区域、全球供应链的下
supply游chain
Downstream

Port city, regional, global integration

(1) global supply chain nodes;

(2) financial, insurance, maritime and other high-end logistics service center;
(3) coal, oil, mining, boxes and other major international cargo logistics hub;
(4) automotive logistics, cold chain logistics and other professional logistics
hub of the international logistics

The third form of development is international logistics hub. The emphasis is on the
gathering of manufacturing and service industry, and relative derivative industry, forming
industry links and logistics supply chain. The international logistic hubs features the
major cargoes , the specialized logistics , as well as the other high-end finance, insurance
and maritime services.
 Port logistic hub

Inside Outside

System and the

Elements
environment
interaction
interaction
Ajust Ajust

Port logistic
hub model

Transport Port city logistic International

center model hub model logistic Hub model
Logistics
Logistics
information
information Industrializ International
Internationa system,
Port and system, ation logistics chain,
l trade, logistics
distribution logistics node process, technology,
transport industry,
system facilities, support capital, industry
demand coordination
logistics policy promotion
and support
industry
system
Inside Outside Inside Outside Inside Outside
 •Awareness and
•Economy
patterns

•Layout planning
•Efficient
• Optimization of
Operation Organization

• Public information
•Safety platform

•Safety emergency
technology
•Green
•Green technology
 The development mode of port logistics hub
proposed here, in the form asDevelopment mode
a transportation
generally contains
center, port city logistics hub and international
three elements:
logistics hub, seek to the organic integration
concept, approach and
and
cohesion of various logistics elements
effect, andin its
the
development of port logisticsessence is determined
hub ,achieving the
by elements, means,
development. goal of economy , efficiency , safety
channels.
and green.
Three Elements of Mode
 Dynamic decision
Port enterprise
- making

对象或者主
港口操作
层次 Supply chain
system function要任务
客户需求
maintenance

管控一管理层 分析、决策 的管理

管 港口企业
体化
控
控制流
Shipper
信息流
Carrier
数据流
JIT
Agent
港口作业
outsourcing
计划 company
一
体 业务层 各业务子系统
Optimization of Operational 作业资源
标准接口
化 evaluation 的准备 其他业务或者
Operation Organization 体 控制流
指令流
信息流
服务
系 数据流
of Port Logistics Upstream Downstream

准时化操作层
Logistic node

CE流程
enterprise enterprise
操作机械、人
System 员

Enterprise Business
Select the
Resource Interests
Characteristi 港口储存管理、作业控制
evaluation
Coordination
cs
信息化平台 、同步控制、作业测量和
Functional
精细化 compensation 评估工作

Inter-firm interaction
and functional
coordination
 Yangtze-Sea linkage system

Sea-Railway linkage system

Construction of
Port Multi -
modal Transport Sea-River linkage system
System
Highway-Waterway linkage
system

Region-Port linkage system

 Systematic planning of
logistic port
informatization
Construction of
port logistics
Optimize the port
information
operation procedure
system
through informatization

Application of advanced
information technology
 Intelligent monitoring of port
logistics operation machinery

Port security monitoring and

The technological emergency information
innovation of management system
port logistics
machinery and Ship shore power technology
equipment
Dust prevention and
suppression technology in the
bulk cargo terminal
 Related
Fishing
Industry
Transpo Related
rt Industry People, resources
and industry City
Port Related Emergency
Trade Industry
Related
Other Industry

Economic Interaction
between city and
the port
Urban Economy 's Impetus
to Port Logistics
 Bonded Bonded Bonded Comprehensive
Function advantage
area 区港联动
logistics area port area bonded zone
Bonded warehousing logistics Yes Yes Yes Yes
International trade Yes Yes Yes Yes
International purchase Yes 综合保税区
Yes Yes Yes
International distribution and delivery Yes Yes Yes Yes

保税物流体系
Research and development, processing,
manufacturing
Yes No Yes
保税港区 Yes
Testing and after-sales service and
Yes No Yes Yes
maintenance
International transfer function No Yes Yes Yes
自由贸易区
Product exhibition Yes Yes Yes Yes
Port customs clearance No Yes Yes Yes
 Port trade-
oriented trade Hong Kong,
Port and trade New York
industrial services
system Antwerp, the
Port heavy
majority of
chemical coastal ports
industry in China
 Port public logistics information
platform

Public E-
E- Lo
information go Fi
bu gi
ve na
platform rn
si
nc
st
ne ic
me e
ss s
nt
 Strengthen cooperation with
upstream and downstream industries

Global Logistics
Supply Chain Share information with global supply
chain members
Node

Strengthen the coordination of the

port before and after the supply
chain
 port logistics related information
and consulting industry

trading service of port logistics

hub
High-end
logistics shipping culture and shipping
service center environment

enrich shipping financial service

products and enhance financial
security
 container logistics
center
Major cargoes oil logistics center
logistics
center ore logistics center

coal international
logistics center
 cold chain center

Specialized
logistics large-scale center
center
roll-on-roll-off
center
•target layer（layer A）：
economy, efficiency, safety and green

•system layer（layer B）：

further refine the function of the target
layer indicators and highlight the
systematization of evaluation index system

•operation layer（layer C）：

• facilitate the data collection and
evaluation analysis
Destination Layer A System Layer B Operation layer C
Natural conditions Locational conditions
Economic dimension of port hinterland
Resource conditions of port hinterland
Foreign trade level of port hinterland
Economy
Logistics scale Cargo throughput of port
Port business turnover
Logistics benefit
Packaging processing income
Average saturation degree of railway network
Transportation efficiency Average saturation degree of highway network
Inland waterway cargo transportation proportion
PORT with average every one thousand tons of goods
Efficiency Node facility production efficiency transportation
Port inventory turns
Customs environment
Logistics service level
Port service satisfaction degree
Logistics technology level Informatization level of port production
Transportation safety Accident rate of transportation equipment
Safety
Port safety Accident rate of port
Energy consumption intensity Energy consumption per unit throughput of port
Greenness
Environmentally amity Carbon emission level of unit throughout of port
Destination Layer A System Layer B Operation layer C
Added value of port logistics industry account for city
Influence of port on city economy
GDP
Coordination degree of harbour city Transport elasticity coefficient
development Transport turnover of per unit GDP
Economy
Total out-put value of port-centered commercial and trade
Business/bonded logistics level enterprise
Total out-put value of bonded logistics park
Port-centered industrial development level Investment scale of port-centered industry
Port transfer efficiency levels tonnage of transferred cargo with unit time
Total production value of port-centered logistics park
Development level of logistics nodes
Efficiency Storage capacity of city logistics distribution center
Development level of public logistics information platform
Logistics information service level
E-government system service level
Port safety Port accident rates
Safety Transportation safety Mortality of goods stoke per ten thousand kilometers
Logistics safety Damage rate of logistics operation
Energy consumption intensity Energy consumption of port unit throughout

Greenness Environmentally amity Carbon emission level of port unit throughout

Sustainable development Proportion of harbour land area on urban land area

Destination Layer A System Layer B
Development level of shipping
industry
Development level of port
Economy
Development level of shipping
service industry
Policy system level
Human resources level
Efficiency
Government service level
Port status in the global logistics
supply chain
Transportation safety
Safety Port safety
Logistics safety
Safety management
Environmentally friendly level
Greenness
Sustainable development
Operation layer C
Average ship tonnage of marine enterprise
Average ship tonnage of inland navigation enterprise
Port number of shipping logistics enterprises
International container transfer proportion
Port through capacity utilization
Gross output value of shipping financial services
Number of maritime arbitration cases
Transaction amount of shipping insurance business
Ship transaction amount
Number of employees in shipping brokerage
Policy integration level
Improvement degree of policies and regulations system
Employee proportion with a bachelor degree or above
Public service capability
Number of large-scale settled logistics enterprise
Number of international liner routes
Accident rate of per ten thousand ships
Kilometer mortality of per ten thousand freight vehicle
Port accident rate
Logistics operation damage rate
Safety management system
Energy consumption of unit ship transportation
Energy consumption of unit port throughout
Coastline saving indicators
Traffic(logistics) energy conservation and emissions reduction plan;
 1、 Constructing the judgment
matrix;
2、 weight and consistency test
AHP method calculation.

1、determine the evaluation factor set;

2、determine the evaluation criteria
fuzzy comprehensive set；
evaluation method
3、determine the membership matrix；
4、multi-level comprehensive
evaluation.
 strength weakness
External Environment Internal Capacity Good location, as one of the important mouth The supporting policies in port-related
of the sea. industries still needs to be improved
Expansion of economic scale, the optimization Segmentation of Industry Management System
of structural reform.
supporting facilities in the port is unfavorable
The evident port industrial agglomeration and scattered
effect
Logistics service is still lagging behind
Logistics Professional is insufficient.

opportunity SO analysis WO analysis

The government promote the development of Leverage the geographical and industrial With the policy in national industry and Beibu
modern logistics industry and formulate advantages of Fangchenggang in the regional Gulf Economic Area, formulate the appropriate
industrial development plans economy, making it the port logistic hub in policy and measures to optimize the industry
beibu gulf and even the entire Pan-Beibu Gulf. environment
The economic globalization further stimulates
regional logistics demand growth With the development of national modern Follow the trend of strengthening regional
logistic industry and the development policy of cooperation, improve the service level and
The strengthening regional cooperation comes
Beibu Gulf Economic Zone, the development of quality talent in the local area
with a large demand and talent exchange
port industry and function of “massive imports
Promote the structural reform of logistics to
The superposition of policies in Beibu Gulf and massive outports” in Fangchenggang is
stimulate corresponding policies.
Economic Zone development planning creates propelled .
favorable policy environment.

Threats ST Analysis WT Analysis

The port industry in our country see a stern Optimize the port industry structure and improve the The complication of external environment put a
market. scale of strong industry, shift from depending on the dent in local port related industries.
others to on its own resources
The fast development of surrounding port The intense competition places burden on the
Use the regional advantage and cooperate with the
elevates the competition among regions development of the local logistic industry and
surrounding port, reduce unnecessary competition
the cultivation of logistics talents.
The uncertainty of market economic Take the dislocation development with other ports in
development in the hinterland Beibu Gulf Area to avoid internal friction. The uncertainty in the development of
hinterland would impact the port development.
 Table 4-6 Weight analysis of evaluation system index on logistics hub of Fangchenggang Port
Ultimate
Weight Index of layer B Weight Weight value Weight Weight value
destination Index of layer C (operation layer) Rank
value (system layer) value relative to T value relative to T
layer A
Development level of Average ship tonnage of marine enterprise 0.574 0.0402 9
0.275 0.108
shipping industry Port number of shipping logistics enterprises 0.426 0.0215 18

Development level of International container transfer proportion 0.614 0.1037 1

0.432 0.169
port Port through capacity utilization 0.386 0.0652 5
Economy 0.391 Gross output value of shipping financial services 0.234 0.0268 16
Number of maritime arbitration cases 0.146 0.0167 22
Development level of
shipping service 0.293 0.115 Transaction amount of shipping insurance business 0.28 0.0321 12
industry
Ship transaction amount 0.125 0.0143 23
Number of employees in shipping brokerage 0.215 0.0246 17
Policy integration level 0.435 0.0285 14
Policy system level 0.186 0.065
Improvement degree of policies and regulations system 0.565 0.0370 11
Human resources
0.172 0.061 Employee proportion with a bachelor degree or above 1 0.0605 6
level
Efficiency 0.352
Government service
0.193 0.068 Public service capability 1 0.0679 3
level
Port status in the global Number of large-scale settled logistics enterprise 0.571 0.0902 2
0.449 0.158
logistics supply chain Number of international liner routes 0.429 0.0678 4
Accident rate of per ten thousand ships 0.751 0.0204 20
Transportation safety 0.225 0.027
Kilometer mortality of per ten thousand freight vehicle 0.248 0.0068 24
Safety 0.121 Port safety 0.375 0.045 Port accident rate 1 0.0454 8
Logistics safety 0.172 0.021 Logistics operation damage rate 1 0.0208 19
Safety management 0.228 0.028 Safety management system 1 0.0276 15

Environmentally Energy consumption of unit ship transportation 0.439 0.0379 10

0.635 0.086
friendly level Energy consumption of unit port throughout 0.561 0.0484 7
Greenness 0.136
Coastline saving indicators 0.376 0.0187 21
Sustainable
0.365 0.050 Traffic(logistics) energy conservation and emissions
development 0.624 0.0310 13
reduction plan; Policy improvement degree
 Conclusion——Three sets of evaluation index

The conclusion of fuzzy

comprehensive
evaluation shows that
Port of Fangchenggang is
in the second
development level in the
construction of
international logistics
hub, and it belongs to the
better development state. 防城港三级评价结果
Quantitative Evaluation of Fangchenggang Port

First, traditional port industry is growing fast.

Second, the modern shipping service industry is relatively lagging

behind.

Third, the policy environment is still lacking.

Fourth, capacity for sustainable development is inadequate.

 Oriented ASEAN
The development goal
location Fangchenggang
Close to the main
channel

port logistics is targeting

Beibu Gulf
Economic Zone international
policy
Strategy of Western logistics hub
itself as the
Development

Port industrial
international
system
industry

logistics hub.
International Supply
Chain
First, Fangchenggang plays an important role in the
international logistics supply chain.

The second is to speed up the port logistics node

三是
construction.

Third, multi-modal transport and distribution system.

Fourth, the construction of the water port system.

 interna
tional
trade

Domest
ic
Trade
Regional
cooperation
First, under the framework of the planning,
focusing on the development of port
integrated logistics park, bus logistics park,
Chong Lun logistics park.

Second, focusing on the coal storage and

transportation logistics center, Qisha
industrial logistics center, Dongxing Port
Logistics Service Center and other logistics
centers.
 • NanKun、QianGui、NanFang railway and NanBei、QingFang
Southwes
highway
t Corridor

Hong Kong, • Nanning-Yulin、Nanning-Guangzhou railway and Nanning-

Macao and
Zhanjiang、Nanning-Wuzhou highway
Taiwan
channels

Central • JiaoLiu、GuiXiang、LiZhan railway and GuiHai Highway

China
channel

ASEAN
• Nanning-Pingxiang railway and Nanning-Youyiguan、
Land Fangchenggang-Dongxing Highway linked with Vietnam
Corridor
 Bonded logistics • Tanyou Bonded logistics park

• "Top - down" Cooperation Model

Port logistics
• Initial--government investment, mature--
information service enterprises shareholder, operation--public
platform logistics information platform
• Coal storage and transportation logistics
center
International logistics
• Qisha Industrial Logistics Center
center of Multi-cargo
• Dongxing Port Logistics Center
• Cold chain processing logistics center
Large scale,
• Iron and steel, nuclear power, nonferrous
specialized port
metals, phosphorus chemicals, grain and oil
industry
Conclusion
The aforementioned are the goals, modes and approaches to
develop the port logistics hub, in light of the theory of port
development, the reality of port at home and abroad,
combined with the development environment of regional
economy, modern logistics, science and technology, which is
also the deliberations on the development of port logistics
mode .We will continue to communicate with domestic and
foreign counterparts to learn and deepen the research in this
area for the development of port logistics hub in order to
provide better technical support.
China Academy of Transportation Sciences
Xu Ping （徐 萍）
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Email：505188225@qq.com
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