| Kakunje CHAPTER 1 Sixty Plus Syndromes in Psychiatry 4. Capgras syndrome: Delusion of doubles Named after a French psychiatrist who described the illusion of doubles, it is a delusion of misidentification. It is characterized by a person's delusional belief that an acquaintance, usually a spouse or other dlose family member, has been replaced by an identical looking 2. Fregoli syndrome: Inverse of Capgras syndrome Named after the Italian actor [66polde|Fregoli who was renowned for his ability to make quick changes of appearance during his stage act, is the inverse of Capgras syndrome. It is also a delusion of misidentification and is characterized by a person's delusional belief that . 3. Cotard syndrome Cotard syndrome is a specific nihilistic delusion named after JuleslGotard, a French neurologist, who first described the condition, which he called le delire de negation (negation delirium). The affected person holds the delusional belief that he or she is already dead, does not exist, or has lost his or her blood or internal organs. 4, Alien Hand syndrome lien hand syndrome is the misattribution and belief that one’s hand does not belong to oneself, but that it has its own life. The afflicted person has normal sensation but believes that the hand, while stil being a part of their body, is acting autonomously, having “a will of its own.” 1000+5. Alice in Wonderland syndrome or Todd syndrome Alice in Wonderland syndrome or Todd syndrome is a condition in Whiehl@)palisnts: |. Sufferers may experience micropsia or Liliputian hallucinations, macropsia, or other sensorial distortions, including altered sense of velocity. It is often seen in ‘substances. 6. Stockholm syndrome ‘Stockholm syndrome characterizes a psychological response that can be observed in a victim, in which with the victimizer, regardless of the risk to the victim. The syndrome is most often discussed in the context of hostage situation. 7. Lima syndrome Lima syndrome is the exact inverse of Stockholm syndrome. In this case, hostage-takers or victimizers become sympathetic to the wishes and needs of the hostages or victims. 8 Munchausen syndrome Munchausen syndrome known after Baron von Munchausen (1720-1797), an 18th-century German officer who was known for telling extremely improbable tales and stories of his life and experiences. The affected person feigns illness for psychological gain. 9. Dhat syndrome Dhat derives from the Sanskrit for ‘elixir’ that constitutes the body. It is a culture bound syndrome in which patients suffer from severe anxiety and physical complaints related to the loss of semen through urine, noctumal emission. 40.Wernicke Korsokoff’s syndrome Caused by the deficiency of thiamine. Can occur together or separately. More common. in persons with alcohol dependence. Triad of Wemike's sundrome is Global confusion, Opthalmoplegia and Ataxia [GOA] 41. Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome It was first described in 1903 by the Italian pathologists Amico Bignami and Ettore Marchiafava in an Italian drinker. In this patient, Marchiafava and Bignami noticed that the middle two-thirds of the corpus callosum were necrotic. It is a progressive neurological disease of alcoholism, characterized by corpus callosum degeneration. 12. Amotit tional syndrome It is characterised by apathy, diminished interest in activities and socialization often described related to chronic cannabis abuse 43.Van Gogh syndrome: Dramatic sell-mutilation occurring in schizophrenia. en 1000814.Othello syndrome (conjugal paranoia) A psychosis in which the content of delusions is predominantly jealousy (infidelity) involving spouse. 45.Clerambault’s syndrome (erotomania) A psychosis in which the content of delusions is erotic. Most often in women with erotic conviction that a person with higher status is in love with the patient, 16.Ganser’s syndrome (hysterical pseudodementia) ‘Commonly found in prison inmates. Approximate answers are seen. Person understands nature of the questions but answers wrong. When asked to name the colour, he understands the question but answers a different colour. 417.Briquet’s syndrome (somatisation disorder) In Briquet's syndrome, first described by Paul Briquet in 1859, patients complain of multitple bodily symptoms without an organic basis. 18.Ekbom syndrome — Described for two conditions * Delusional parasitosis * Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome, a synonym of restless legs syndrome. 19.Pickwickian syndrome Pickwickian syndrome is named after the character Joe from the 1836 Charles Dickens novel The Pickwick Papers. It is also called as Obesity hypoventilation syndrome characterised by sleep apnoea and obesity. 20.Kanner’s syndrome by impaired social interaction, impaired communication, and restricted repetitive behaviour as described by Leo Kanner. 21.Idiot Savant syndrome Itis a condition in which a person with a developmental disability demonstrates profound capacities or abilities far in excess of what would be considered normal in one particular area. 22. Asperger's syndrome The syndrome is named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger in 1944. II's an autism spectrum disorder with no significant speech problems. ‘00+ a