Topical preparations are preparations that can be used on the skin for the purpose

to produce local effects. Topical medicine is a drug that contains two basic components, namely a
carrier

(Vehiculum) and active substances. Active substances have a component that is owned by topical

therapeutic effect, while the carrier is an inactive part of the topical preparation

liquid or solid form that carries contracted active ingredients with the skin. Ideally

carrier is easy to apply, easy to carry, does not irritate too

pleasant cosmetics. In addition, the active ingredient must be in the substance

The carrier and then easily released

There are several types of topical drugs, namely:

1. Ointment

Ointment is a half-solid preparation that is easily applied and used as an external medicine. The
ingredients of the drug are more homogeneous or dispersed in a suitable ointment

2. Cream

The semi-solid dosage form consists of an emulsion containing one or more dissolved or dispersed
medicinal ingredients in a suitable base material (containing water not less than 60%)

3. Pasta

Semi-solid preparations containing one or more medicinal ingredients given for topical use. Similar
to the ointment, the consistency is only different, ie the density is more than 50%

4. Gel

Geometry is a semi-solid preparation consisting of suspensions made from small inorganic particles
or large organic molecules, penetrated by several liquids.

5. Lotion

lotion is a liquid preparation consisting of suspension or dispersion, used as an external medicine.

Solid suspension suspension in the form of soft powder with suitable suspending agent or oil
emulsion in air (o / w or m / a) with suitable surfactant