LABORATORY MANUAL

Microprocessor & Microcontroller

Department of Telecommunication

Engineering

NAME: Haider Ali

CMS ID: 41162
SEMESTER: 4th
LAB Engr. Ali Israr
INSTRUCTOR:
DATE: 01-04-2019
LAB 01

Faculty of Information & Communication Technology

BALOCHISTAN UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING &

MANAGEMENT SCIENCES,
QUETTA, PAKISTAN

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 EXPERIMENT NO. 01

1. OBJECTIVE:

 Introduction to Microprocessor & Microcontroller

 Understand the software tool-chain involved in assembling an assembly language program using
Netwide Assembler (NASM)

2. EXPERIMENT REQUIREMENTS:
2.1.SOFTWARE
1. DOSBox
2. Notepad++
3. Netwide Assembler (NASM)
4. Advanced Full screen Debugger (AFD)

INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER

Microprocessor is an IC which has only the CPU inside them i.e. only the processing powers such as
Intel’s Pentium 1,2,3,4, core 2 duo, i3, i5 etc. These microprocessors don’t have RAM, ROM, and other
peripheral on the chip. A system designer has to add them externally to make them functional.
Application of microprocessor includes Desktop PC’s, Laptops, notepads etc.

Microcontroller has a CPU, in addition with a fixed amount of RAM, ROM and other peripherals all
embedded on a single chip. At times it is also termed as a mini computer or a computer on a single chip.
Today different manufacturers produce microcontrollers with a wide range of features available in
different versions. Some manufacturers are ATMEL, Microchip, TI, Freescale, Philips, Motorola etc.

Microcontrollers are designed to perform specific tasks. Specific means applications where the
relationship of input and output is defined. Depending on the input, some processing needs to be done and
output is delivered. For example, keyboards, mouse, washing machine, digicam, pendrive, remote,
microwave, cars, bikes, telephone, mobiles, watches, etc. Since the applications are very specific, they
need small resources like RAM, ROM, I/O ports etc. and hence can be embedded on a single chip. This in
turn reduces the size and the cost.

UNDERSTAND THE SOFTWARE TOOL-CHAIN

The software used to emulate the assembly code is called DOSBox, notepad++, Netwide Assembler
(NASM), Advanced Full screen Debugger (AFD). Before the program could be run, a folder needs to be
added to folder C under the directory C:/Assembly. This folder will contain NASM and AFD which are
important for emulating the 8086. DOSBox is actually an x86 emulator; it needs a directory that contains
the files that need to be run. DOSBox is used to access all the files, notepad++ is used to write the
assembly program, NASM is used to make list and executable files ad AFD is used to run the assembly
program step by step. The software used to compile this report was Microsoft Office 2016.

DOSBox

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Dos Box in IT`s Lang is a term that gets used in more than one way. People may refer to a Dos box as
some sort of emulator or software

Dos box is actually an X86 simulator it needs a directory that contain the file that need to run and used to
process all the file

Notepad++

Notepad++ is a content manager and source code editorial manager for use with Microsoft Windows. It
underpins selected altering, which permits working with various open documents in a solitary window

In simple words, Note pad++ is used to write the assembly program.

Netwide Assembler (NASM)

The Net wide Assembler, NASM, is an 80 x 86assembler designed for portability and modularity. It
supports a range of object file formats and used to make list and executable files.

Advanced Full screen Debugger (AFD)

Software used to run the assembly program step by step

2.2.HARDWARE
This experiment was done on a PC with a window 7 OS, running on a HP (dual core).