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t~h 1:) 9Mfili:1

1
lOcm O.lm

25cm

136cm

..
U5t~h l?filj:) 9Mfili:1

IOcm O.lm

1
25cm 25 X 0.25m

136cm 1.36m

..
1. i:1n.run

n. 762.0213 x 2. 34.57 + '1

 gn't§ !':1 905fill':l

l
lOg O.Olkg

325g

l365g

ntl maMnn g~'t§~ 05~ m&s f15 rul Ax 10

11

"'l \.:t' i..j "' "

''hfngu 't:flSfil~~S:i&H'iGS
1 u· 1 "' G

t~~tJGL~tl 9uhfl~'t§ ... ~6l~'t§tti~i:;lb15't:flS

"' & !.!
I 1

2111'i.J1UU7"' : &illJJS
i1 "tS MStl
.... 299 800 000 m/s 'i 05H 05~
cb s
!':1 2.998 x 10 m/s <J
0 I Q'I.,::::P

filmhlffi6l't§t05Stl
u ....
0.000 000 000 003 mm MH

3.0 x 10- 12 mm 'i

rn1::; <10

n. 490 ooo ooo ~. 0. 000 000 732

n. 490 000 000 = 49 X 0.000 000 = 4.9 X 0 X 0 000 000

= 4.9 X 100.000 000 4.9 X 1:l13tS2 490 000 000 = 4.9 X

u
732 7.32 X 100
~. 0.000 000 732
l 000 000 000 I 000 000 000
I
= 7.32 X = 7.32 X l t:lmsg o.ooo ooo
IJ
732 = 7.32 x 1

2
 Wuntfil.fJ9 2: Htiid~nt2iirlltl fU'i~~ 1.438 X
11 n & n e.!

1.21 x '1 ~HlJHntH15tts'lulsHtlcion&s.nnm

U n Ill n
ru'i~StiHtlcionls&astj
e..! n a
'1

cion&srastj
Ill
8
1.438 X 10 1.438 X
""l.l3xl0= 11.3 '1
1.27 X

ruifr;if: MHnUOSS~b 9L'e{1 tt1

1..1 "' 1.1

n. 37 ooo ooo ooo 2. 0.000 000 000 075 '1

n. )2 = ) = 16 '1 16 " +4 'i

flHHS
2
2. (-4) =(-4)(-4)= 16 '1 16

dru 2mt~t~m ~
.:1 '"'"'
ru (-4l= 16 '1 &!':'im +4 "" ru -4
ttn

=4

fi. = 16 2. i -9 '1

2
n. i=l6 t2li:x=+Jl6 =+4 'tJ
"'-
X= = -4 'Lmg (+4) = 16
2
-4 ) = 16 '1 tl1.1 G G2 g X = +4 u
"'-
X = -4 '1

2. i = -9 bSl 8 X UMx==
"'

22
tha~r:in19n9tHflGSS~t:l'i:flS
IJ 1 'W. IJ li!-
'1

wuntit1j62: m ru'i:flst~1Ji![l 121

turJw: ~~·uthdtlm&~
IJ
fiJIJ Li
I

ffi~ x>O dl~~hl~~filt~ &tnru S dlt~1Ji lilt~ '1 tf:IUIS

l 121 X

s = x ttllru s = 121
2
&Slll&~ms

i = 121. ii2J X = = R = II '1

tlmsg 1dt1 m&~'i:fls~m Hdm '1

II Li IJ
1

[Jtifug:
n. ~n X tU x 2 = 196 '1

'1 ~MSl~~hl~tlfiltHSlg '1

2
2.25m
l

fUTitntftfl"'1 : ~MS"!

n. (+2)3 =(+2)(+2)(+2)= +8
3
2. (-2) =(-2)(-2)(-2)= -8
"'
!Jfntniftfl2: m.., (+2)3 = +8 "
&Slg +2 dltHdf:i'iHS +8
"' II
(-2)3 =-8 &21:5 -2

dlyMf:i11 titS -8 '1 t~flilllflMHM~ 3J8 = +2 ru 3,/::s = -2 '1 Mm1

;;g
3J tr1

3
n. x = 27 2. = -27 '1

n. ttllru i = 21 ii2J x = = 3 '1 tlm::a x 3 '1 II

=

2. ttllru i = -27 ii2J x = 3J=27 = -3 '1 ~msg x = -3 '1

Q ~ 0 IIC$ Q tJ ¢

Mfi!W: oasf:ln:~gngu'i:flatiMf:ititn'i§ru~n: '1

IJ I 'IJ. "' II 1.1

tiM~titsuss~d'i:flsmfis
"' u IJ Iii- iJ
d'i:fl!:lttllruu
Iii- "'
US2H~d'i:flsmtiss
iJ Iii- iJ
d'i:fl!:l '1
Iii-

23
 : ?I n.n l:ll MlJtl la ru&'tlm'HlS'Hl~ 125cm
3
'1
1
3
:mtlx>O t:::rH'Hl2 xxxxx=x '1
'
,.J-~w~~----- ---------
~?IQIS = 125 = 5cm '1 tlma
u
s /""
/
--
-- 3
5cm '1 'f:f/!11= 125cm

. ?IM Sl n . ~- ?1. V(-128) X 108 '1

HS~fi (
l li'i
St'l ~fi' 9)

225 115
------
1 x2 = 2
125 25 X 5 = 125
N '1 125
0

2 QIS2 '1

fiudlb uthll25?
u "' ~

agt?lruntm:&5 ~ 25x5 = 125 '1 run 125 tln 125 th5o

~
'1

5 dlt 2

625 ' 2312 '1

225' 529Sb 153.76 U:ll

fj ru:
Jill t?lon 225 I
Nrrn
g:g
.[ MITn=
m
""
fj t'i5 15 '1

J625 mnn 625 .[ ""'

tmrunnNrrn =
I g:g 1

E5j 25 '1

JJ53.76 t?lnn 153.76 1.1mnnN

1 1

24
?0
rumui
n.m1.1
n. 6 X 6 X 6 X 6 X 6 X 6 X 6 ~. (-8) X X (-8) X X (-8) X

R. lli.
n nfil
"

n. (4 3 )(2 2 )
4 3
l:'i. (-3 )(-6 ) lli.

3. iJHt5HhJ~ntSJ1~~h

n. (4 3 )( -3 2 )

3 2 2
l:'i. (-2 )(3 )(-5 )

4. tHHnHl..fltnh~ru'i:flS'i.H
I U
-1 'l l:'iM

2 2
2. (5m n - 6)(m -
3
mg m = -1 = 2

l:'i. -2a 3b4 c 2 °

mmg a = -2 b =3 c = -1 'l
'
6. MTI3 runtSJ1~~tl
IJ
2 4
n. (4 5 )(4 )(4 )

(~r(~r (~r
6
R.

7. MU3 runtsJ1~~tJ tun~

IJ

~n. (25x y
2 3) ~.
4 3
(-3x y )(-x y
7

(~a 2 b3) (2a -J b4 )

R.
6a

25
 i '1

l=i MHM~GSS21bt'ifil'i:H:.hhlli5~=irulls
1.1 w ./1 l
8 : 2
18
, (2
5 6
) '1
0 Q'l f '1:11

9. MHMHJ2SS'i:§'li5121bt'ifil'i:Hh Mb t2 rul
1.1 1.1 w n

n. frH-'!Ej an'95iJ' 93 ooo ooo mi

~. ~b~a5ih~'imti~nrl?hNsb
n .;, w u· -i
o.ooo 021 m

130 000 000 000 em '1

~mfi5
./1
LUilll=i 9Nil1i.l

10m!

330ml

1365ml

lOOml

3800ml

7500ml

7
n. (2.5x10 )(3xl

~- 4.5 X
5
3X 0
15 15
- (3.3 X10 )(6 X 10 )
~.
8 8
'1
( 1.1 X 10 )(3 X 10 )

26
 0 1 0 Oc

0 i"HUHi9UH1Hu'i:ll'HlLri~
0 eJ I <C:::i:>

o n:n:luunumrun9&t~ru!lln9tlstl

o n:n g1JUl rum run 9 t t~ ru !11 n

Q " '

1. " "
~us~~~~~ei

1.1. ~Jmrummu'ltruu

2fTitnuuf: tf:lt'~th:imhtt~nhill~ot~15Hu &r:l99

lJ IS- "'1 '"' !.!

~tHnnb:JlhtLill~

50 100 150 250

10 20 30 50

100 10

150 \ 15

200 20
0 0
t l=i Hl u'i.Hi u~.n uH1 Sl R9

~ = 0.2 U y = 0.2x
X "'-

27
 ~ 100 ~ <j

y ~ rnUilillB~sru <t
u

R shthru y = oox <t

~un g 1: rn~ 8 800km th <t

fi.

y x fti'i:fl81:'"tH']M!i5'i:fl'i:flUia:,tO <t d5x 1 Sbx 2 dl

~mls y
"'

YJ = Y2 =
a - a <j
X! x2
YJ = Y2 X! YJ
tltH88
u
- 'i5
"-
- = -
XI x2 x2 Y2
<j

YJ Y2
'Yt soh x 2
X! x2

"'1:1 Yt
?:1M
l
XI

28
 9 X 15

I 6
B 8
c y

n. mtH~tHunruh~w
L n u
B '1

2. Lli~~b9'9b'fs~u c '1

fi ri w : d n.m::3J uLli ~ Hm ru 8

tfiQlS ~ =::8 ~f:ng x = 2~><8 = 12

2

l2cm '1

2. t1r;mgm
IJ
c : ttllrum c li..J'tn'i:flHiSbW
1J l.j
A
IJ

~
tfiQlS
2
= !2
y
tf:ng y =
2
~x 15 = 10

t~b lOcm '1

9 1200 i '1 nun

IJ
:

d5 y 1 = ax 1 Sb Y2 = ax 2 fti rn a : f: . 0
"""' y 1 +y 2 ax 1 +ax 2
r;ruwms -- = = = a
xl +xz xl +xz xi +xz

fn ~ = ~ = a tf:n& ~ Yz Y1 + Yz '1
XI Xz XI Xz XI +Xz

WnM:ff"" 2 ·
€J

rnxl+xz::f::-0 '1 ~=~ tf:ng YI -Yz- -Yl

--
XJ Xz XI Xzxl +xz
Yl
""
SS211Hl
!.! 1
SJft\&15 x 1 +xz+X3::f::.0 -Yz
---Y3
XI Xz x3

&f:ng ~ =~ = ~ = Y1 + Yz + '1
x1 Xz x3 xl+xz+x3

29
 : Alntil91Jltfl'1:3tns~r~h~~~ 320kg 2JU5mdsti'li1nn~HHU1H~tnru9n
lJ

hll~S'1:3ti5'J'i::fl2
lJ
M'i::fltln 4 Slfl 5 S1R sb 7 Slfl 'i i:f:1~b1Jl'1:3Sl Mi'l:llR')99bli
\:to; 1.1

O<J

'i r; tn rum n.n nLf:l nn ~

lJ

""
6ti5btn 2 a- b
= - = -
c
ti5 a + b + c = 320
4 5 7

m'1:3ru~n.n:N'i::fl'i::fl1_!i

Hllbtn S ~ = ~ = :_ = a+ b + c 320 = 20 'i

4 5 7 4+5+

ni5b9lmtns:
......,

~ = 20 t S1 g a = 4 X 20 = 80 'i
4

~ = 20 bS1 g b = 5 X 20 = 100 'i

5
c
- = 20 bSl g C = 7X 20 = 140 'i
7

ti5'J ""f:'i 80kg ' 1 'i

tf:1Hlu'i::flsdt1N s nbmH~n.n6i9'9bsb
o;
1

m ru'fsufitmn.ntS1nlm.nb
l u

4 6

9 6
 xy = 1 X 36 = 2 X 18 = 3 X 12 = 4 X 9 = 6 X 6 = 36

nllbffi13tinH0lli5gSlfiSlSh x Sb y &i:llli5g : xy = 36 'i5 y =

36 'i
t_; •• ""- X

0 0
&f:lll1Ltif~br/9h dl9tn

h)'i:flffiLE1Lm h) '1

&Sl g &til ru nh
os
aru: tcHliU! Sls ~deo ? ~
l

tuflw: mh x dlusstd
&1.1 iJCJ
run'l:§n~
-lJ
28 SlR dg&Sl8
4
ru '1

GSSn'l:§m
lJ
35 28
""
0 "
132lJ GHG 16 X
"'

nlihms: 28x = 35x 16 &Slg x = ~x 16 = 20 '1

28
t:lmsg
u
n'i:§na
vii
28 SlRM~dg
Gi
&Slg runh~
ct
ru:&n ru 20 td "I ~
J

ruffuii: &f:ltimru'&lni:llRnh ru&i:llru ""

70mn &915
l..i Gl .!!
U "'
I
~ eyu fJi t:::;J 0

&rlQ:Jffib '1 mtf:l&Lti~ms 7 &~UJ~Gn.mru~;nruH

u

FH

0 45
1::1\jhhJHM~TIJfilf:l lOOO (ti:llru lkm = lOOOm)

45
"' lJaLtifilf:lWidlmmru = x 100% = 4.5% "'
u
""'f:l4.5% '1

3
 n.n b ~ruwJfitRL&i~
\J

)( 100%

: &si fil:lH'i'l§Ul
" c,
2 1
H~ ru 21§
G"lU
ru tR~h mtt.H~'l§g mmli'l§
G\1 "-'ll u
ru t'Hi~h~
G
. 1 l

75 'i L~'l§tJi2t2Hil2ruR~oru~~rutu;Jh2Jtrrnfi 2&~ 84 ooo$ 'i 11a~tLmru

'i§
"" ~ 2Ql s
n t rul fi ruuu rust22 trulntmb 60 ooo$ 'i m~fi :
G1 u

n. filj:'j~ t ru1 QJ s g ~rum so fila ruR~d ru ~ 2Jtrrn fi ru1Ji5S '1

l

fitf;jrutrrnn sm2:nnl1m~ dru~2Jmnntmhru'l§ '1

fi. rus G1
= 75

nmru1m
' 0

-...$/
- 75 000$ = 9 'i

= 12%

smn..r1 8 12% 'i

32
 0 I eJ ~ .r- 0

2. G~ 2Ltil n t t1 oH ru1 n illLM 2m s tHlm ru

l

G r\ &'t1 ill til 22l&H s1 u1 ill fti ill m cim 2illR~G ru2n
82u 2101
84 000$ - 60 = 24

.m 1=1~ rutrn r\ 2l n ~f:i illt ru1 nlfo 2rns 2l n ?1 nu

1

8 4~~~0$$x 100%=
2
28.57%

~m s g 1: s1 t n rtH rul n rnu'ds ms illR~G ru ~ 2Jr: rul n 28.57% 'j

l

1JfJJifJH:
Iii
LJM20129mt91G'inli.ilsru
u l "" lJ
ru t1J"" 2 240 ooo~ 'l

2.a. mrum:n itJ (). ol

I

~fi 25 600 mr\

n. " rnmm g
.m ?Ja ruts a l

2. t1J ill r\ n5 t<tfl

GV .VJ
nu m
tJtfJw:
""
32 000 ~

25 600 ~

rn m m g 61 "m = 32 ooo ~ - 25 6oo ~ = 6 400 ~ 'l

a1 ""
m~~rum~umgnt'H' =
6400
x 100°/o = 20 °/o ~
a1 ""

!:lu m s g t s1 t n ill~ run fil'l515 tl':\'ti li.i'i611 rn GH?J

u u Gu
20% 'j

2. 6lt'tlillRZ1tlt~'tltSM
G\1
mr\'tlruRt£3
U GV
36 ooo~

mm m gt1J 30% ts 36 ooo ~ =

30
x 36ooo i = 10800 ~
a1 ""
 ~ms2nH~J m '~L~~msrufi 25 200~
: ~tH,n1ms~h]rrHuLHL'8]tl8~s 300 ft:Hl51tl~ULHL'8]tls'\3ru'Jt~ 3 3oo~ 'i
m srnfi~mtsittli:3~15tlS.H151tl!ULH~i:3'ltlcrss 200 ru !ULH~i:3'ltlsi:3ru') tG 3 980~
""' u liJ !.! liJ lJ 6\1

~ t ~ 1o;) t 0 ~

msgmfirunumgG'Jm
I

ru~siw 15% 'i m~nffHUru'imnmn.nmmtumG'l 'i

<> 1
6\1 u li ""'

dht12lirHumLmfif2h~n~ns'!flrh~sms 15% tflssrumnrnLmfi 100~ tsiQbLmfi

I

sms lH msttuti~tllnbitnR
51 ¢:;l.j
oo~ tsinbitnAt2ttl'l3w'idlll5Hsinb1tnRt2G
c:s:li c;lj
'i o4
l 1 I

: 2utflmLmfif2 n5n~n~'!flfi~ 320 ooo~ 'i tfiLmfif2gmn5mG1

fif2g: Lmfif2 = 115 : 100

Lmfif2g 115

.!J:2 x 'if'"'l.!f'n
~_;'-l' n •o
100
=
115
X 32000~ 368000 § 'i

dHliLmfi 100 ~ tsiQbLmfif2

l

oo~ tsiQbLmfif2ttl'l3 m95 ~ tsinbumfi&28.... '1

~
1 1

fif2g: Lmfi = 95 : 100

Lmfi g 95
Ltnfi ttli:3 100

95 '"'
fi tl.... X nt2
32000 ~ = 304000 ~
95
X 'i
 540 000

Q • eJ 0 e)

2. munrH2L't.HfH2H5

1rlHnun Fi r2 ,~'t§Ltim r2m rJ

mf!m :
""

108% "b2 540 000~: 108% X 540 000~:: 583 200~

lcJ ¢ ~ ~~ JQ) 0 ll!l;

2. un n t2HJ li.H bUl n1_f5ffi srm ~ti bl Ol S 1:l1:9Jh 108

- lOO
Lmfif2t~'l:3mn5tM nu~m 2ti

= 480000 ~

480 000 ~ '1

LuRuH: t9lUUJM2\]11H~Jhti~u~ms
tim 851 t'i:3 15% t 24 nHlin t'i:3i~'i:3
~ 6V GVlj
fn 846 ooo ~ '1 ~:~
I

1: 9lts'in
L
M s t s-, g fil ru ~ r; ~'i:3'tll s 51 t'i:3li s-, s r;{j ru
N 1'-'t
?

., fil~Lmfi : mLmfithrnlQJ rnms'l3n~tmfi2Jtl?l~IJhHi5:tnrnmsfirul~fflh

I

., HLffl: mfil~Lmfi~Jb\Jru~nliunfi~:~'t§ 1oo~ mh~:ttJru R '1

l

., LOlRMfi5 : rtlfil~LOlRSbLOlR&~'i:3~'i:3~ '1

"' ~ru:tnrn: rtlH9Jbmrnf!:lrnms~Lmfitl?l y_2jtl?l~fflhtttlru r '1

1
~ 1 o o ~ o eJ o-.,
tmfltsl?lnfil~LmnLtJml::lm MY.LlimLnm M Llim r;2 Y.Ltim ~:~ '1 n'
H~LMru t clh ru: r; n ru f!:l rnmsuh fila '1

35
 : blll
'1 ~HlSlSifmLmriQt!Hu:tblru 3 '1
!

1~ ~ 2oooooo~ x /; = 3oooo ~
0
O<:V
3m t:'i 3oooo ~
Cl
x 3 = 9oooo ~

~:iJbaJutJm 1 Cl
'1

2. @bdsmsutlm ri 15 ooo ooo~ ~@b~st9Jn '1 2~tLmru~nm~g~rums

n' 18 ooo ooo~ '1 ~nHLffiffl Rtt:irum~g~rums~uhm~Lmfi~@bMs '1
:

n. P = 15 000 000 ~ , R = 6 T =5
ffl R l = PRT = 15000000 X 6 X 5 = 4500000~

5000000 ~ + 4500000~ = 19500000 ~

n' = 18 000 000 i
Lm fit~~ P = 15 ooo ooo ~

m n I = 18 ooo ooo ~ - 15 ooo ooo ~ =3 ooo ooo ~

0
aru:tnru T= 2m
Cl

S I= PRT &Sig R = 00!

G'l

R = 100 X 3000000 ~ = lO %
X

r;sg@bds~t!UJ~msg~ m~LtnR ~a 10% ru~ '1

ll

: Gntjmstshffl2LOlR 24 ooo ooo~~GSirn ruti::tlru'i:fHlHLmm~Ltnri 16%

ru:~:nru4 '1 Gntjmsu~m2Ltnri~uS"JmHnr;iJhmli~ '1
 n. d~m~unfi~tHliUl~ 2tHl2ti 2 ?
0 "

lJ I
u
~ 0 I eJ
2. t rl t:HHWCil
lJ l.J
n nH'lH
1
1:j 4 ?

Ocy 0

"' ~ 9 1 : P = 8 000 000 ~ , R = 15 , T = 1 ~

I = 8000000 ~ X 15 = 12 00000 ~

Ocy 0

"' m 9 2 : P
~
= 8 000 000 ~ + l 200 000 ~ = 9 200 000 ~ , R = 15 , T = I m ~

I = 9200000 ~ >< 15 = 380000 ~ "I

m~lf.ll n n.J~ti hlL'tflliH15: t rHli 2 ~

' ' 0
= 1 200 ooo ~ + 1 380 ooo j = 2 580 ooo ~

Qhm~~ri:nhn'lhsg m ri 1 2oo ooo~ ~t:j rn2Jm~t ~umciiJl9 Lri~ms

I lJ

ti~~'t:Hvl~:rnLtnf'it~1:3 8 ooo ooo~ '1 msGTI2Ltnf'i 9 200 ooo rutvl '

n
n.JL'tflli~rim~Ltnf'itsi~nm 92 '1

m~Ltnf'in.Jiti 2 58o ooo~ t'i.fflmm~LtnRhl'tflm

b si nhG Sl ffi~url~til Stinti ~2'i:3Sh fi'l~'itfl Rru'tfl m

ot
I
u "' U
l.j

'i5 2G'l 'i5 Sl

.,;
ti '1

fn1[j(flffMf:17M: n rn~ umcim

~
G~'i5~2'i:3t
"
Ltnrir:~'i:3~ tmruiJltLmrur:~~rim~Lmrir:

1QJ OQ! 0
fU'i:fW:
w
.hrl9'i:3ti5:
~ lJ
P 3000000~ , R = 20 , T = J ffi
~

1
= 3000000~ X 20 X 600000~ '1

3000000 3 + 600000 ~ = 3600000 ~ '1

m9rh : p = 36ooooo ~ , R = 20 , r = 1
"'

37
 = 3600000 ~ X 20 X = 720000i

n' 3600000 ~ + 720000 ~ = 4320000 ~

OQ) o; o
lfl 9li : P = 4320000 ~ , R = 20 , T = 1 lfl
= 4320000 ~ X 20 X l = 864000 ~

' ,.
n ro'tn ro fi 60oooo ~ + noooo ~ + 864000 ~ = 2184ooo ~ 'i

""
l:a'tnn591;3li5 P =7 500 000~, R = 16 , T = 6 "t2 = 2
1

= 7500000~ X~~~ X~ = 600000 ~ 'i

l:a'l:fl n5 """"
~HH : P = 7 500000 ~ + 600000 ~ = 8100000 ~

R = 6 T " = -1
=61:2
' 2
16
[ = 8100000~ X X 2= 648000 ~ 'i

= 600 000 ~ + 648 000 ~ = 248 000 ~ 'i

R2 700 ooo ~
fil

..
t3tmg ruR : 9 ooo ooo ~

nl: tlmn 14%

' 0 '

u ~tiriuciun RnR 2 ooo ooo ~ ~ nHluru n~ r1J9 H s Hfl s '1 'ejlb t9J flJ;!n@s mi:im
u
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0 "
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u "' W I M a l !J l,j & .... cOU 01;
u u
38
~rtrn 2~n:lltimun 14% ~:t:nrumHl5bLtnRLum
9smm'tl~thsgt'UTJmilsmm~9mun.mR '1 m~
"'""' IJ "'""' "'""' G)

fil~unR2lbtm~ 7oooooo~ x 14 x 2 = 196oooo~

0 ' e./
ti ~ 8LffHHi51U n:l rnui ~ 7 000 000 ~ + 1 960 000 fr = 8 960 000 ~
u
~ms gLm R tub~ '\1 MDJrrl t'2 ru1
8960000
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Wf.J17fftri9J:
IJ
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1 350 000~ '1 mu
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= 202500 ~ + 1392300 ~ = 1594800 ~ 'i

1594800~-1350000~ = 244800~
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mf:l~ rutsLm nb1:l rnmg:;Hltitu

242800 X l OO 'X = 18 2 01 '"'

1350000 ° /O '

39
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ihtuLnth 500 X 49 896 X

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m::::2.5kg

tHHsg
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Wtmtftrt92 : (!JiJ1thM~6iJ:it£:Jru'i:fl
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2 l = 3.

46
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m 10 = 3.14 X _IO_O_x.,-l_ X 12 X 7874

= 7.4l73kg

M 7.4kg '1

d = 12mm = 2x = l44x

m
14
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= 10.680kg

m 12 "" 10.7kg

sin M I0.7kg '1

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196 X
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= 14.537kg

'1
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47
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= 343m/sx60s

= 20580m

X"" 2.06km

B ""
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eJ IC); .,

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ttnW2J'l.h:llStru~s 6mls '1

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3.

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II l

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xy + 2xy- 3 N = -xy -
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62
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63
 2
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64
 ffl1HU'i:H~
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67
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68
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69
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: t:n r'i m SJll:3 21 iH Lffll:3 r:ll d blH] nn nff1

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l G'l

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~En f.n Ul/7 1 : Ml,3:Hl5 -::--.......,.-::
w

}
2
5

nt2J11H·fluMTIHums gun !Hu~pn.gx-J:;eo ~x:;e3 'l ,a~jm

w
Frutg1jl'trHl.n~G tru~mii~nn m~ML~runt
w
LUfill=lffi s sruf'n~t~& 'l ttn~rs g rl=l-@smmrlu i"iiH1 rug~n.grS"Ju9 'l

~Enmuzn2 : ML~ru
3
l2ib
w
3
Jib. 4b 2
12ib
15a b
5 2
3a b · 5a
3 { nm!=lruns t'i n }
2
4b
= - 'l
3
5a

~Enmuuf3 : ML~ru 3/ + 4x
w - 16

s~ml=l t'u~m cs
3i+4x
9/-16
x(3x+4)
(3x-4)(3x+4) { ttn""i"iml=l
1:h run
rumnnffl "'
G1 IJ.!
s~ 'l
nmw
IJ.!
G"l
}
=-X- 'j
3x-4
1-x
+x-2

1-x s~ x-1 fi~tl5Ql }

"" <:!;
I x 1-x
1
/ +x-2 (x-I)(x+ 2) { l -x = -l)

-(x -1)
(x- l )(x+ 2)
{ fun.fflfitlJnfHun x-1 } ~~
1
= - - 'l
x+2

m~rf7f: ta~jM~runt
w

• ttin.ffll=lruns~mfi nffl~~~hlrlMSi
G1 IJ.! 1 II U
'l

tU 1_B ctlntsn~MS91StS"lg AK = 1_ K:;eO 'l

li" B '
 1: M 1J bli n !: SJ11:Hi5 B9l 8 -'-----'-0-----'---'-::----'-'------"
1.1

_ (x-3)(3x-l)-2(x-3)(x+ 1)
..:..____.:_..:..__..;__'----...:....;_--'- - 2
-(x -I)
(x-3)(x-1)
-(x- 1 )(x + 1)
x-3 '1
x+
2 : ~l:Hl'i:mHri1nntlmt~fi::lru1r:li::lms~m tf6stl x '1
& J.l ..
1
lJ 1 b ""'

~ntlt~Lnl{Jlts~~t1si::lmt~ "J
: ~tlt1'i:flsmtf62tl x-
.~ ""' 2

t~Lnl{Jl~~t1~ n(~
2

= '1 t~i_!il{Jlfilt~~ i '1

: hl1Jblint8jl't§MB91s~btLfil't§
1.1

n. a-b

~-

~x~ =
2
~;; 5 { fnnm~runsbm~ttibshn}fl~'t§}
=-3-= 3 '1
2x5
?
n" 7b 5a-
ou - X
lOa
7b si 7b·5i- 35ib
x8b - 80ab

Sab · 7 a ( tunm~runsbm~ttihsbn

= 7a '1
16

78
 5x -6x
X

2
5x 2x - 6x
--X--::---
4x- 12 3
'
lox-(x- 3 ) (tunfil~Hi5nShfil?ittlh ShfHflftj)
l2(x 3) nu
2
5x '1

0 • "
WUTifi!!i11 : ?i M Sl ~ (;15?1 rul
u l
? 2
., a-- 2a + 1 a +a
11. X-,--
2
a -1 a--2a

GtiJw:
..,
_ a 2 -2a + l a 2 +a
n. 2 x-2--
a -1 a -2a
2
a(a 1) (a+l)
a(a-l)(a+ l)(a-2)
_ a -1 '1
a-2
?
"'m-+6m+9 7a+14b
¢. X----::--
(a+2b)2 m+ (a+
?
= 7(m+3f(a+2b)
+ 2b/(m + 3)
'1

ruHuH:
{.j tn
?i'Mm~rn?i'M
I

_ 9i-6a+ 1 5(a-2)-a(a 2) x+4

n. x -'---=-2 -"-----'--.-:. 2. (3x + X
5 -a a -4a +4 +5x+4
 : HHHU ~tHi n ~: l:lJl 'l§ l:Tl s :n taLill 'l§
2
,.,.
4x 3x 4x 10/
n. - + - = - x -
15y i0y2 15y 3x

_ 8xy
-9'1

-9 a+3
~. +
a-

.
_,_2a+ 6 b+2
n. +
X

2 3 2
4x + 8x 6x + l2x
~. +--:----
i-9 -2x-3
4x(x+2) x<x-3)(x+ 1)
(x- 3)(x + 3) 6x 2 (x + 2)
_ 4x(x + 2)(x- 3 )(x + 1)
- 2
6x (x+2)(x- +3)
= 2(x + 1) '1
3x(x + 3)

: r:Hl..rHndrutonm Nsl:Tls:niHLfil'l§
n. 4x + 8 + (x + 2) x-y .
~. ""22 ~ -::--....::.....---;::
x+ X -y
3 2
4a b
lli. ---..,,----

80
n. ~ + 2= 5 + 7 = 12
a a a a
~. 3y- 2 + 8y + 7 = -"--__..,;:;.__-
y-5 y-5
1:1. 3x 3x-6
(x-l)(x-2)

0 • 0
flJfm fi f!ii : ?Hl.fl Sl
II

n. _2_+_1_ 2. a-3 '1

x-3 3 -x 2a+ 3

tJtfJw :
""
n. _2_+_7_ 2 7
x-3 3-x x-
2-7 5
=-=
x-3 x-

2
.s .s ~ t + 4t ~. 5x _ 5y '1
LfJnfJfl : 1:1 M Sl n. +4 + x-y y-x

tS13j2J1ff1JnStHlnffiuiY(n~ rna tl:11JiH~2J'tflaml:1 l:jfiffi '1

1.1 1.1 "'

sl::Ji:j n&s ntSJl'e fdS 111 s

n. L + ...::._ = y · 3y + x · 2x
2x 3y 2x · 3y
2 2
= ~+2x
6xy 6xy

81
 4 2
2.--- + l) )
n n+l

tuL'l:H1Hli 2oru tti ffi 13 '"'

IJ

if! ~H1H.Ul3 €ltS'i.H~

" 0 "'"
IJ u 1
liHi }
{
-5)(t+5)

+
2
t - 5t + t- 5 + 8t
+
2
t + 4t- 5

(t+ 5 )(t-l) (r:il~iflf'H:l.H'itildrul!lM)

t( t + 5 )( t- 5) 1

2 :u ~m

l 1
S= +--+--+
x 2x3 3x4 x
•1
·;;-n+

82
 ffliHti'iHl l - -- o:nru~ n = 1,2,3,4
u ., n(n + 1) n+
1
- -=
lx2
1-Y
J
2~3= f-Y
_1_= y_y
3x4 p f
5

S=l-!=~
5 5
LfJfffJH: ?IMSI
n 2m +-1_2_ 2. _1_ + _.!._ - ---,:--1-
. m-5 m2 -25 x- 1 3x _ 1)
2
?I a -1 _a+2 x-2 '1
. i-2a-15 a+3 -4

6.
1 +!
~ a b
~ fJ7 'f.f1 Ulfl : NUHl5 n' SJl '!:§ -,.--a
1..1
2b

t?Jffiu hll_¥ rnn&SJlYhlS 9l s mY~U2lb &LfliY

1..1

!+! b+a

b
a
a
b
aiJ
b2 a2
t~1ti'l:ll
~w
rut~fiutmgm?irunabm?Jtlib MS
2a- 2b 2ab

a+ b
= - - x -2ab
ab
---
- 2
- (b-a) '1

A
B A
-=-X ruB ,C ,D:tO '1
C B
D

x+S
"
t:lff.fTI ri
'
!fi! 1 : hll_¥ rn n'
0
'1
1..1
83
 i- -4x-5
--X
x- x+

WtmtftfJ 2 : tfltl~Gltltl~gng 1 H'IGU~ ni:ll~

IJ

9 2 u~ ni:llRH'l~tittlrutntlhtrtrgttii~ ru:tnru
IJ

: fU'[~Hl5ni:SJl13~h
114
1 5
1--
3
n.
n+l n-1
?.. ruunri
I. " W5 2 "&S fi t
?Hl.Jl 21 6H't§ S;JltltLfil't§
""
x-3(x+ 1) 0
1 2
fi.
x-3
mmg x = -1 '
X=-
2
stJ x

-i+4 c
2. utmg a = -2 , a= stl a =
2i -a -1
y-3 c
l=i.
2
mm& y = o 'y = 1 stl y =
y - 5y+ 4

til
3x+4y c
-2-- mm& x "" y = -]
= -1 Stl
x -xy 4
3
b -b "
tl. 2 2
mmg a =-56 stJ b 125 '1
(l+ab) -(a+b)

2. " "
~fint~ts~tG~ x 3 "'§Jn&
tw't§J IUS"' 91 Si:fl S B
"' !15
2
~ 7x 3x x+l lli. x + 12x + 32 '1
n. 6x+ 7 2. l=i.
(x-3 -16
3. ~fint~ts~tG~ a t~'t§j~n&SJl't§ 91S;IJtl "
mssru
""'
fi. a 2.
ab
l=i.
a- -1

~ 2x-3 3- (x-.3)
2
- 4i
n. 2:X" 2.
x+ ill. '.2 '1
2x ,+ 1

5. MU3 run&SJl't§ MS 91 s;ntl

u
3 2 2
~ I4x -8a b\ l=i. x(a-b)
n. -2 2. 3
7x y (-2abx) b)3
2
u. l-25x
5x-l

an-mn
m.
.....:>

2
.., a - ab- ae +be
w. - ? : - - - - - - 1.5. ax- 2.
--i +a
a-+ ab-ae- be +a-2
2
ru a +4a-l2
n. + 8x+4
• 2
a + 2a-8 +lOx+ 5
2 2
~ 3x + 5xy+ y
u. 2 ?
4x +7xy-2y-

85
 2
n. 2.
72x y + -4xy
2 2 3
54xy -!5x y
4 5 3 3 2 2
ib 2c d -64a b 40a b
f : ' i . - x - -2 '155. +--
4c2d 3ab 28ib 90b
b b(b+4) (b+3)(b-3) (3x- 4 )(2x + 3) X (2x + 3 )(2x- 3)
u. ..;._-.,.:-:-,-----.o.
. b 3 X b+4 (3x+5)(3x-5) (2x+5)(2x-l)
x+y
~. X r:l. ..,.. -:2:-----"'---=2
+3y x + 2xy+ y

ru5.
i
--X
49 49 _.......::...-----=-- + xu- yu- xv + yv
(a+ 7) (7 _

2b-8
tl.
-4b+3
2
;;).
-m-15 2m +3m 5
X
2m-3 1-

7. ~n'Gru\jn y_drutlnn&SJ11:Hua9ls;;nb&Lfil1:1

n. 12a + 2a 2. l__ r:i'. ~+ l

7 14 x-l x-
'155 y + 2y b. 6x + 6y a+b a+b
u.
. b+6 b+6 x+y x+y x- -3-x
? ?
~. __:[__ + -b- r:l. a b
ru5.
2x+ 1
+-- <j
a-b a -l i-1

~ 3x-y +2x 2x + _ x 5y
n. -2- 2. 6 r:i'. 2.+i
xy yz
'155. 3c _ a 4a +-3- a-b a-b
b. U. 2- 2
a+3 (a+b) (a-b)
~. b c +--+
c-a a-b
r:l.
4c ru5 a+ I a+2
c a a · 2a-8 -12-3a
m.
"'-"
a + b + c
(a - b ) ( b - c) -:-::----:--:-:----:- -:-----:--:----:-:-
tl.~+~+~
-4a +Sa i i l -i
'15. + _,_____.;....:.::....,..__:.. a-2 a+2
~. -:---- + - -
+ 4a + 4 a-2
2
+5 -3n-4 n +7n+l0
ru. bl.fl. + 2
8n+l6 n +5n+6
2 2
x-3 x+2 x+4 20x - 23x 7 42x - 5x- 2
61. G. - 2
-4 + 8x+ 16 30i -17x -35 30x -l5x- 3
? 2
a-- 25 56/+ 5y 6 24y -2y-l5
9. U. 2
+ <j
+ l2a + 35 49y + l4y 8 12/+37y+2l

86
 9. tun~ run &SJ113 MSm S
IJ

!+! 5+~ 5 5 3
-
6 3 8 6 7 X
n.
-+-5
~.
5 7
?1.
-+-7
lit
5 3----
24 6 X 3x
2x +2

[~-~ +~+~-2)]+(1 +~
3
~- 13. ti.
5x 15
k
3 X

d. (a- 4ab +b)

a+b
+(-a-
a+b

2 2 2
m a + ab _ [a(2a + ab- b ) _
2 b ]
ab (a-a--
-b a)
a-b
~· i + ab + b 2 a 3 - b3
+

a-b
a---
1 +ab 1- 2b . + 2b '1
tl. - - - - 'd. -,---1 .
l+a(a-b) 1--
1 +ab 2b
0 "" y z
10. n. x,y, z thGSSMS&ilS~
U I
MS'i
U U
'1
Ql
ttl A = - +-
z )I

tiblmrfH'it'i3tS A 2 +
U1 ......., iJN
+ d -ABC @Sffi'ihl
l.j
x,y,z '1

2. a, b, c thBSStuS&il22MnMS'i
u 1 uu
'1 tiblm§'i
l.fl~u
m
~
ttl abc= 1
(a+~Y +(b+~Y +(c+~Y = 4+(a+B(b+B(c+~) '1

1. ~n61~1;! x t~13j2JntSJ113

12. fl Sl'l:fl
~
s t tu'lu~ tfii.m hfl t2f
~
s~m hfl~-H~ I:?~~ tuil~H M-8su s 45 nn
~·
ru ~~
~ 'ts~:tuJ~tfiimhflfa~stJ ~ 'tsttuJ~tfiimhfl Mtht uln'i3tn.nn '1

ttn ru~tlmcr~'l:fls t tuJ ~ tn.nmn.n nil~H

Lm n.ngc ru1 nthm hfl &a~~ s nJ1 ru ?

d 2 'tos~'l:flficglndhmrun~ ~t:l~ '1

~ ~ u 4 ~
I

n. ttit?~~hn'i;1miltJtiSlfi~:sg
u~
fil~~gm~m
~.~ .. ~ SlStr.H9mfiFnH~lHSlgttf1ru?
--1"' a
~ c< ~ 15 ~"" :5 ~
0

2. HSdnSw,tru2Gtmg
1Gi
d1 = 20 tueo-
""" tu
Cl
!'l'W = 12 '1
 l I
lx2=l-2
l _ l I
X - l-3
_ I I
3x4_3_4

51
fi. a b '1

15.
2
11-2 = 3
2
1 -22 = 33
1111 11 - 222 =

' 2
X- y = 33333333

n. MHMdHt3n9
1..!
s tsint~rus-1
C$
csg
i

=7

= 157

88
y
~
rut tl d"U'i' x 2 - y 2
"'
= 157 '1
 HiUMil
G'
i

o Rruui sru~ sUHu-i§ nu 'i!l l'i:fl

o tttHt,MIDfi5'ihna'i!lq_,n9 1 m~~atdJ~'1msiJi~U1~
ll
0
0 t r:n 81_,M rum rung fi1

1. ~iiffl~~G~ii 1
1.1. t\HJ;j'Hl.n ruii mt

2fTiif!UuJ91 . 0
OfflH rums~mU1t 3528m

~n1_,Ut~~gg~Ufi1HSH ttlt?lf:l~ ID'i:flS1_? 6 td~ 14m '1

d5t~Hil~ x mt,u&~~gg~ tsm 6x + 14

dl m run ru '1 tl m s g t 1!1 m~Hu't§ ffH1

" II

x+6x+l4=3528

7x+ 14 3 528
'------v------'
H~Ul

7x+ 14 = 3 528

""
b'iJ X= 502 bSl 8 t 1!1 Ql S 7 X 502 + 14 = 3 528

3 514 + 14 = 3 528 '1

~msg t..ut'~~g9~nm~

Gtffig X = 502 t'iSflttJ Y '1

ffl~ t mo~~H1:lruU1~~n '1

0 "

u
t~QlS 2t-l5 = 75 turlth 1 rum
89
 m"" t = 45 tl!iOlS 2t-15 = 2x45-15 = 75

mmg t = 45

+ 5) =

:J;I!i'i::flS +3)(x+5)=

~l!iOlS +3)(x+5) = x +8x+ 15

2 ":;::
Sl~ + 8x + 15 = i + 6x + 3

2 2
x + 8x + 15 - x - 6x - 3 = 0 ~ 2x + 12 = 0

!:imsg 2x+ 12 = o tu-@nutltin'9 1'i::flS1:HiHHTIH1 '1

u ~ w ~

: tsinbtuf:1mal!iHlm ~~h'i::flht t9Jnt~ruums&n~~MbJJ!

"'' l'l 9 IJ "'

""
M'tlfii~ 2m+ 6 = 12 ?

Om= 12 = 3

1. '
1 : t~gLhflti5 AI~ 6x+ 15 = 45
6x+ 5 = 45

6x + 15 - !5 = 45 - 15

6x = 30
6x 30

X= 5 "!
90
 t(}btpcf: 6x + 15 = 45

6(5)+ 15 J 45
30 + 15 =45
?

45 = 45 fin
~msg x = "
5 mynHs nu '1
.,..., "" 3 1
2U?U7UlJ7f:l2 : tt:tH1_,hlHiHu1:Hil~ Sx+3 =
5x-7
~x+3 = !x-7
5 5
3 1 1
-x- -x + 3 = - - 7
5 5

~x+3 = -7
5

~x+ 3-3 = -7 3

~X = -10
5

~(~x) = ~(-10)
2 5 2

X = -25 'J

td7bthcf: ~x+3 = !x 7
iJ ~ 5 5

~(-25) + 3 = ~(-25) -7
-15+3 = 5-7

-12 = -12 fin

n~ fil~TIJ~'li~ t?JffitH'i M2ltfl s t til ru2 ttll runlinn ill'tflS~Hmn~nH~ 9 1 ru

, S'l "" ll €:\! ~

nf1:!ruffisHrmnt94H~9 2 &tnruuHurmnt2lg 'i

ll .... €:\! ~ ~ €:gil

t?Jtfl2 ~X- ~X = 7 3

~X = -10
5
X= -10+~
5
X = -J 0 X ~ = -25
2
 4x 20
: ttn ru nU lO

4x -20 = 10

4x-20 = 20

4x- 20 + 20 = 20 + 20 ti
u
4x 40

X = 10 '1
4x-20 =
10

10 = 10 nii

: ttn rufi5i§nu 3(x+l) 5 = 3x-2

3(x+ 1)-5 = 3x-2

3x+ 3 5 = 3x-2
3x 2 = 3x-2
3x- 3x = 2 2

Ox = 0 .
""tH'iUiti~H~
"' x

f.HHJ '1

""
115fi5'i5ill~ 3(x-1) =
6x-

3(x- ) = 6x2-l

- ) = 6x 1

6x 6 6x -·
6x 6x 6 = 6x - 6x - l

-6 = -1 i§snn
ttnru -6 = -1 @slflu'i:flS f:imsg fi5i§illHilStifi5 '1
u ~~ "'
92
 th~U/1 : t~YjU:h 115 fflf~tl_!i9 1 'i:ll~~I15H'Jrri
- t?lffimrunnnu-h'i:llh u-h'i:llh nu:llrumturrnnt~·u '1
n.s ~e 1'19 \1 ~ n.s

- t?lffi'UUll
II
ll ?lrul
I
Uf'UnHhmhn~St'IG~~
"'- 1'1 !.!
'1

ffl~ 2x+:: = 26 '1

5 4 5
GtfJw : 2x +:: = 26 ffl?ltUh~Y~ 20
611
5 4 5

zoe;+~) = zo(25~ ?lnn

I
mt~ r~N~ffl~sh zo
2
zo( {) +2o(~) = 2o(25~
8x+ 5x = 104
Bx = 104

X = 8 '1
2x +:: = 26
5 4
2(8)+~:Z26
5 4 5
16 + ~ J 26
5 4 5
64+40 J !04
20 20 20
104 _ W4 ~n
20-
~msg ""
NYffl~'i:ll~YN x = 8 '1
nluntit!t9 2
1J
: snud~s
1.1

t?l01Sx+(x+2)+ + =-12

3x+ 6 = -12

3x + 6- 6 = - 2 - 6

3x = -18
X = -6
x+2 = -6+2 = -4
X+ 4 = - 6 + 4 = -2 '1

f:lmsg
II
dssmhutSl
I!
-6 -4 ah -2 "~
7
93
 3 : O~&fnM SU'li:lll_,rit~Sh 148cm '1 Hi'l51tnjJ1tSO~tfnM
tmgtfh~=i!lhm m tl5tnSWt1h&~at~fhlh9'9h 7cm '1

: &{'§ b r~t~ tmg

tl=iO'l r~t:~m tl5 a= 3b+ 17
P = 2b + 2a = 148

i:lO&S8 2b + 2(3b + = 148 b

I!

2b + 6b + 34 = 148
3b+ 17
8b + 34 = 148

8b = 148-34

8b = 114

b=~
8

a = 3b + 17
4
= 3(1! ) + 17

a = 478 = 59.75cm b =
114
= l4.25cm
8 8
14.25cm St:iUHlin
111
IDY'l 59.75cm '1

n. 8- 2(x + 1) = -3x + 1

1
l=i. -3(2n- 5) = (-12n + lli. 3y+ -y)=4(1-2y)
2
~.. 3x _ (x- 5) = ::
u. 3 2

1' .

(a+ = 2a(a- HlOHu&N~

+1 - -2a(a- = 0 2 ~n~t:\9 1 &f:hrum Nrm

1'1 tl ~

+ 12 -2a) = 0

2- = 0 nhn~
~
&I:U&l=i01St5t~h~t:i9
~ 1'1
l tBN~Fn~ctl
I

!lru~Mnffltl''~n9
1 n w 1 '1
94
 U!H:OS a-4 = 0 a= 4

tl..... 12-a=O a= 12 "!

&9jbrJ7fi: (a+ 12)(a- = 2a(a-

tf:iQlS (4+ 12)(4- = 2x

o=o rh1"1
run a = 12 dSNni:l
\1.1 01
nu
u
(a+ l2)(a- = 2a(a-

tf:iQlS (12+ 12)(12- = 2x 12(12-

192 = 192 fl n "!

tilJtag
u
Mi§nwicflami§rufh~
w
a = 4 Si:! a = 12 "!

ffilJNHN~

(x+ 3)(x-3) = 0 tSM~ffUdltS Mii

tf:i{ll S X+ 3 = 0 X = -3

X- 3 =0 S"J" X =3 "!

&9jbrJ7ti : run x = -3

tf:iQlS (-3)-9 = 0

o = o fin"!
run x = 3 t9idaNnh II 01
u
tf:iQlS (3/-9 = 0

9-9 = 0

o = o fin"'

0 ;0 ~ 0 0
-mmgLf=itllJ~Sa a ah b m ab = 0 ts-Jg a= 0 ! b = 0 UG~anm

~ru a U b &~ShflJSJ 'l

95
 1 : U:ll

: (2x-l) 2 = + 3)2
2 2
(2x-l)-(x+3) =0

(2x-1 +x+ 3)(2x-l-x- = 0

(3x+ = 0

Q~ 2
3x + 2 =0 S1 <dJ x = -3
x-4=0 2Jx=4'1

: (2x-l) 2 +3) 2 IDnx = -~3 ~SN

ttHl'H~ [(2 X j) - 1 r j+
=
2
II

(~~2 = (D2

2
(2x-l)

ttl'i:ll a N"iHiU
""
(2x- 1)2 = (x + 3) 2 rqu
2x-l=x+3

2x-l-x+3 = 0

x-4 =0 S1" x = 4

IDx=4 '1

agmuf:ll glJUI ru' ag{h~~YiJi~

I!

: 'f:l1 m~ +l +2)- + 1)(2x+ l) = 0 '1

tJtiJtJJJ
w
: (x + l)(x + - + l)(2x + l) = 0 fiHi + 1) i'Hfi~'M
n 1.1

r~:uns (x+ 1 +2)-(2x+ 01 = o

(x + l + 2- 2x- n= 0

+no = o
~tHS8 x+ l = 0 ~ x = -1

l -X = 0 ~ X = l "1

t~b~ri: Wli X= -1 X= l &9id~MM~fi'U

(x+l +2)- +l +1)=0 tii!1Q1S

o = o niniiilnuu ,

2 2
li. (a+ 3 ) - 25 = 0 2. (3x+ = (x + l)

2
11!1. b (3b + n= 4(3b + o 3
ill. 8(x + l) = 27(2x -I)
3
"1

fi

tS't§jUtl81.,MWGUlffi9M~ffU~'Ui9 l 'tnS'13WH intll!ljJi~

iii

l. t@Nt'JNH~ mbij rultUiiU:llWHiiJ~ "1

2. NHN~N~ffU~ Ulit,MWUf!UtSGtnffi9

3. U:$Ht,MWN~fi'U ~~ ~in "1

~ c~b~ri:,n~ruli ~ri
"U ~ uiii ~

:?V'Dtntnn9 1 : aruuliudssnrinnuNah
II 1.1 "'
3oo, alidssnritSlg,
1.1 ~

L c@Nt'JNH~in
<$
n a+2 "1

2. NHN~NiJnU

ct:n rutlilma ruuli

iii
lauds1.1 s nrin mc 0$
300 cnms
a+ (a+ l) + + 2) = 300 "1

97
 a + a + l + a + 2 = 300

3a + 3 = 300

3a + 3 - 3 = 300- 3 i;:l

3a = 297
a = 297 = 99 "!

0 OQ C$;

13~S911Hi a+ 1 = 99+ I = lOO

a+ 2 = 99 + 2 = 101 "!

a+ + l) + + 2) = 300

99 + (99 + l) + + 2) = 300

300 = 300 Llfi

t~msg
II
i5tiss
II
ru'iMHi
l.j
~99 100 ~t1101 "'
II

:lim chn~:hnst s 15kmlh run ta~t

0
nih tl:ll W&rh 'Ob lit!
~ <:;
I

s 4km/h"' Hnilt!naam~w.ii~ntUntltnruth1Hnffi
<:; <:; iJ <:;
-..!) "'
H9innnruus., tim ithn~
u

»nilt!
.;
n~tlu
iJ
l=ntntiu
.;
ttll
A

ag nnnn s "!
"'
M»ITnfi
1.
'l? ~

mb x mm:n dg
"' "'
""
2. M~tM~M~fil~

Hn:tnrurufirun
9

~ru:tnruamta~t t~runfstltluffi~ 2x - 10 (h) gfimmmsa'i:flru 2x-IO "'

0 iJ <II <:; 15 "'

tl:llru~ru:tnru»n!Tlb
o c.w o
Usi;:ltMHMm
~
Uitns
= 10 2x
-
10
"'
<:; &! ...;,.;

S 10 2x-10

98
 15 x 10 = 4(2x-

8x = 150 + 40

8x = 190
190
x= T
X = 23.75 "!
4. tdl~m~mfhu
&J & (N

tl::ilru ~ = 2.5

ttliru 2x-l0 = 2x23.7-10

15
= 2.5

mfiruc~:a tdl~m~
"" <:J .:
!:ltm::~g cr'Hlrunjjg&ghtn&uHils1i x = 23.75km "!
II "' "' U
nJuntrtYie 1 II
: crtHfi1Mtiih'l§tu'HlS99h
1 u
2cm 2htHnffii'.U
n
9cm "!

lcm sh'i.Hrt.gli'.U x em tSHtt:i ntill(!p:n&~Liift!lt~

tt1Q1S S = 2x9 = 18

d.ht1m3s99h !em 2hm ru X em tlrUtjjifi~i!ntH'Hfi1Mtiih~1i

n .: l.,j OW· 1 "'"

(9+x)(2+ l) = 18x2
9 X
18 + 9 + 2x + x = 36
3x+ 27 = 36
3x = 36-27
3x = 9
X= 3 'l

&(ji:J!'tt: 3 X 3 + 27 = 36

36 = 36 fin"!
~mas tyt~tlt~rulf~Hi x = 3em "!
II

99
 2 : n
36

: mt! m dlG~SnNm '1 U:llttinMnU:flS&ot!rh fi 2m

urudaatm~hfi'fat!
M
36-m '1 nnrutn1'tflsttlt!uM
~
4(36- '1

S 2m+ = lOO

2m + 144 - 4m = lOO

-2m = 100- 144

2m = 44 (i:HlJl
I

44
m=-
2

m = 22 '1
.,
naat m 36 -
M
22 = 14 '1

: 22 + 14 = 36

2x22+4(36-22) = 100

100 = 100 rl fi
22 mfi~t~d~atm 14 rwru '1
nt!ttlR'i3Wtti99
qI " " "

~
ad~a ~ ~at\5 amfinrunru'tflsdaa
II
11"1
5
sMMJ9it!HM~bMMJi§ams ~ndsa Mftn9it!H rdtainb
II i;t "'I

100
 0 •
rut.mn

n. 2x+3 = 12 ~- 5x+ 18 = 67 ~. 9x + 29 = 78 'W. Sa- 12 = 35

~- 2x-3 = ll G. 8b+ 16 = 120 ~- =25+3y ti. 5m-2=7-4m

n.u. 3x + 5 = 2x - 3 [g. 2n + 5 = 25 t:!. a +40 = 6a 3x- 2 = -17 'I

2. ""
t t:!l g1...M nHu1Hi'U

n. 3(x-3) = 12 ~. 3(x+ =5x ~- 5(x-3) = 5(3-

'W.4(a + 6) = 24a = -18n G. -3)=2(t+

3:3. 4(x-2) = 3(x+ l) ti. 3z + lO = 2(z + 3) n.u. 2(x- 3) = x(l3

3. t i:fl g1...M liHuihru

n. ~x-4 3 I I 2
= 14 2. -b+- = 8 ~- 2x+- = -
2 3 2 3
3m 3x
'W. 32a = 9 ~. = 15 G. :: = 9- '1
4

4. &i:fl g1...M llHu'i:HiU

.
n. x(x-3) = 0 2. 3x(x- = 0 ~- 12(x-27) = 0

'W. (x-3)(2x-8)=0 tl. -x)(x + l) = 0 G. = 0

3:3. i -9 = 0 d. + 64 = l6x n.u. + 1 =2m

2
[g.(x-3) -4 = 0 tl. +Sa= 0 + )= +1)
2
2. (2x-3) = (2x-3)(x+ 1)

ru.x(x- 3)(5x+ 3) = 7(5x+

2 2
nn. (x-7) = (5x-6) '1

5. t s1 t tHli f f:HlH ru1 lil_!i i:fl fi

lJ

t~~tu1'fnu 6m -15 = lOm 25

i:fl nHtl
'
!lliH1HiH~
0 ""
ru~nnnm 3(2m- 5) = 5)
1'1 n n

&GnH~Hil~n~s~ 2m-s a 3<2 m- >=

5 %1J05)
~"~ (2n -5) ( -5)

3 =5

101
 0 I 0 0
H1ti~ IHH'l91tlLfrHS1& '1

7. nu s HHi.hn ~ '1 nHl.Hlm t\51 run 'HHUfl em

1
f6.... tl s
0

8. sHlru 21 m '1
1 "'

tru~sYUJ1:3 300mlh '1 ttfirum~

450m/h Yntl nfstl mtsit~bl!ltihtl
....., l8h45mn '1tsi
""

nnruJi '1
" 0

u "'

10.

0 ~ el C!:!.
SL~tl l 00 S1 r\ &9 '1 w
QJ

Gss~n'i:3trutltin1HS'i:3Stltrutl
1.1 l.) IJ "' 1.1
l

Ulltl limf§1:3
••
! &snssin1:3trutl~1:3iltl~nn'hjlnrrhnr\
4 1.1 l.) 1.1 iJ . .....,"' 6'1
l

~MSIN'i:fli:lnQtl1j1Ym m1 '1
1 l
 tndMil
"' I

CJ Rrul fl nHT1Hl.fl1 M~ fi1 ~ ~

!;!J

CJ &'iU
l,j
run9 rul :1 M'i:U'iH1 n~
<II
fi1H til
I

CJ &tngt,nnruthn.m91M~fi1

1. i~iSMi~~~fl 1
1.1. ruW~nnlruamt

3fTIUbtM9 1 : M:Jl'i:flS9'1H~
I .,

X kg )> . 48kg y_ X . > <t

fi1 rul ABC

tRfl~ffid ru\jni_EJ~ 'fi~ tst,ihfi1 A

I

'RfflS CA + CB>AB y_ AC+ AB>BC y_ BA + BC>AC

2x 12
2x + x > 12 Y. 2x + 12 > x Y. 12 + x > 2x <t

12 ~ 27 <t
0 <)

m~ m dlG~EHl:lrut,6'1Hn
iJ

tRtflS 2m+ 12<27 dl1

~Gdl3t+72':0 ; 5(2m- ~m+3 S~ + ~3 +l)<t

 ttl rn &Lff1 ru nu~'t!~a
!.!

'i:flS ax+b>O Y. ax+b<O U5HUH a:t~=O

1 3 7
/"+m;s>4- m- '1 lif!:ZtHHSJ11Hf:lg~&9im

1 m~~t'in9
c. 1 'i:fla't!ruHrmntrl
!.! ~
ru '1

..

15-15m+5m+25>120_18m 42
30 30 30
f:infl 30 '2tlHl:311il:3nHf:iQ1S '3(1{15-15m) +'3Q,(5m+25) ~j£0 _'3Q(l8m-42)
I A "3{! "3:Q "3{!
15- 15m+ 5m + 25 > 120 -18m+ 42 (~amrl~~ Mfiff1H~HLmg 30 mfi~a
'!J

8m-122 > 0

: tf:i'i:flS1Mfiff1~ 3x 5>4 9x-15>12 (ii)

daMnt~x=4 nb ff1~3x-5>4
u "" "'I
tf:i(i1 21 M'~fi'H'l 3 X 4-5 > 4

7 >4 ~~Ui~ '1

'!J

tf:iffi x = 4 tn'UM'HH151Mfiff1~ 3x-5>4 '1

"'
""
M~ff1~ 9x-15 > 12

9x4-·15> 12

21 > 12 Y. 7>4 ~~Ui~ '1

'!J
 fi1~ 3x- 5 > 4

tlu tH S 8 1 Mij fi1 ~ rl ~ 'i:fHHij M~~

i i Mtl tHfl
u ~
tun Gl 1
1Mijnu9~ru rh:llyMta1 nu9 ftl~ ru~ru1§n1(l)l,!lUY
I

ffUHWgnn:1M'i:1tnn

"' ttitnfr;yyrufiaa
!.! !.!
u1§ru
"'- 14
mcgi&nh~~9i~n~la1Mijfi1~
1'1
tnms1Mijfi1,Yru
14

(11
.,
mcnnnn»~ffl~
1'1
0
n
""
"" """S~'i§tl5G" S S
M1§fi1~ a tnm fi1~'i§ ru MY'!§u
I l.l lJ l.l

1Mijfi1H~Y 'l
®
tti tn ni n.n »~A 9-l~ ~ ls1 n "
fi1SS~'i§tl5GSS
"""
lJ l.l
a tmrum Iii
""'
MYfi1 en
IJ

QHl~ Mij fi1 ~y ru M'i§Y Mijfi1H~'i§ 'l

!.! IJ

"" fi1 ~ a + 1 > 2a - l

MY
2
1
-+l>2Xl-l
2

5i~~ffl?ittl~»~9 l
II

&?iGl a = l t:llyMm

dSMntY a= I n~~ fi1~2>a-2

!.! "" ~
l

2>1-2

X
- - l < -4x M'!§'!§IJ rum 'l
6 ~

105
 0
0 1

: nn ru~ fil~ x 15 > 18 '1

t ?iffi S X- 15 > 18

x 15 + 15 > 18 + 15 (tin~tliit~ri~fH~
u 1'1
15)

t?iUlS x>33

33 '1

: nn ru~ fil~ y + 3 > 65 ·1

y+ 3-3 > 65 3

y>62 '1

: y + 3 > 65 m"" y = 65

65 + 3 > 65

68 > 65 rl?i
y ruuthtl 62 '1
<l'o '\?I
af11tnUU?93 : tl::llgtnnru~ fill +3>9y-14 '1

t?ii:fHl 8y + 3 > - 14

8y + 3- 8y > - 14- (tl

3 > y- 14

3+14>y-!4+14

t?iUlS 7>y

17'1

l. a>b tSlg +c>b+c a-c > b c '1

2. a<b tSlg a+c<b+c a-c < b- c '1

06
t't:auil~~M{§nw;9im~MYfflrJ~G'l" '1 ~;(jyjnn fru tf:iffimTI5m~ru~:1
ffl r1 tt:i UHflB'iti'l§ rtJ'i?iUG'i Vlb ~ &'JYn 1:il rh s4 ~bA gyll ru
W U U ll
ru~b9nHMMS'i
A Yl ll I.J
'1
0 t/:!1
tlJ fl 1
I ()

fljfJT1 t1 : t 1:il guul ffl~ + 4 > 87

GtiJtiJ: tt:i'i:flS m+4>87

'"' 0
m+4-4>87-4 (tin~b9lb
U A
-4)

m >83
';l "" f:'<-1
~msg ~MYffiHSZ'i:flSY m .w 83 '1

tim M rum{§ru~ N{§m~ mYusnlliaa a

Lj "" "" ll

-2 -1 0 2 82 83 84 85

ffl~ 5m-4~4m+ 11

GtiJw: tf:i'i:flS 5m-4~4m+

'"'
trunnttlrt.JdlU~rrTH'i
m
m 2 Yn~b9
A
1 ~:t:nrumM tt:ili!S N{§ffl~~...,
!.1
""' u "
Sb~ M{§mu(jy 5m- 4m ~ 1+4

m~ 15

timsg
u
~M{§ffla&Sg'i:flsy a &t! til: 15 '1
"'-

'liliLMrum!rumyu~ a

x' -4 -3 -2 -1 0 2 5 16 17 18 19 X

n. 3(x- 2) ~ 2x + 5
2. 2x < 2(x + 1) 'i
 tt:i'i:fla3+~<19

3+::-3<19-3 (tlnHb sb3)

4 A

:: < 16
4

4x~<l9x4 (~

x < 76 '1 ag ~ m ~'i:fl ay x ft~ ru~othb 76 '1

aH 1- m + m + 5 3m- 7
O!~ -2- > 4 --5-
tt:iffl S 15(1- m) + 5(m + 5) > 4 X 30 _ 6(3m 7)
2 X 15 6X5 30 5X6
15- 15m+ 5m + 25 > 120 _18m- 42
30
t:iMHb9ibfhab 30 &fiff!S + 3Q(5m + 25) > .3-Q_x 120 _ 30.(18m- 42),
I A ~ ~ ~

15- 15m+ 5m + 25 > 120- 18m+ 42 (~am fl.mnla'1 fflWHims 30thuaa1oma)

~ €3) lj II G

tfiff!S 15-15m+5m+25-120+18m-42>0

8m-122>0

ffl~ 122 ~t:iff!S 8m-122+122>0+122

8m> 122
122 61
m>g- Y.m>

~mag ~ musgmsyMtt:i'cint~ x rudmb

61
'1

61 -1 0 2 3 61
4 4

108
 a
t!79tfli
11
: unh~s!J 2 a ' b st5 c

1. ttl c mthls1d'i:fls
(3- !J
ru a>b tS'U ac >be '1

ttl c ctlnss1d'i:f1S
1.1 (3-
ru a <b ~;::ng ac <be '1

2. ttl c ctlGSSH~d'i:flS ru a> b t:=ng ac<bc '1

(3- 1.1

m c muss
""

1.1
0
d'i:flS
(3-
ru a< b '::ng ac>bc '1

lll~tltLn9 I 'i:flS\1ttlHIJJHW.11J1~
..... u
0 ""
n~'e~.fillHtJt5H:Hiuti~6lmffiu '1
C)
"' l.) 1.1 u l
u
"' illti
I
.fil R~15 b!J~ 'i3 btfl ttl 9 n g1'15 t tii1 n5{§ lll ~
I

M!:11lG'itS18) '1
~ !J

"' t'un»bmbn~abt-eRn.n
A l
(2MnMs'i)
1 U i.J
ls»r:m61
~

m9 Mttii~ MYlll~ ttltill2&'i3RMctlGS

\11 1 1.1
s
u
0 OJ
If} 1
Q ,

f/JfJT] tf f!i : ttiH uul

tR'i:fl S 3x- ~ +::: > 1

3 2
18x- 2x+ 3x 6
6 >;s
19x> 6
6
x>-
19

~msg ~1'15YlllHS2'i:flSYMtrtint~ X r~rucrmt5 169 '1

tin'~L:iM rum{§ru~
..,
rJ{§lllun't§tJ::n5da
& 1.1
a

6
0 19

lll~ S(x-3)-9?: -3)+7x '1

"" : 5(x- 3)- 9?: 4(x- 3) + 7x
t1!'ffl1J

sx 15-9?:4x-12+7x (11Sl6l»bmhnn
"" A
09
 Sx-24?:: llx-12

5x l x>24 12

-2 0 6 X

: bi::Jl
""
11J't§' ill~ - + X-3 + -59 < .X - X6- + -21 '1
X
2
5 1
•• t?J'8lS X-+-+-<x--+-
X X
2 3 9 6 2
9x+ 6x+ 10 18x- 3x + 9
--:-::-- < ----:-::--

9x+6x+ 10< 18x-3x+9

9x+6x- 8x+3x<9-10

2
ill~ (2m- + l)+ 15m<2(m+3)+6m + 10 '1

- 5)(3m + 1) + 15m< + 3) + + 10
2
6m +2m-l5m-5+ 5m<2m+6+ +10
2
6m + 2m- 5 < +2m+ 16

+2m- -2m< 16 + 5

Om <21

~Mi§illHSg~;clltlt:tHh?Jtint'e x '11Mi§ill~'8lsmi§rut'iosnti<@sHn5 '1

~~l.J SV GV lJ

~ aa um m~f!ln
\1.1 "' "'

0
 n.2(3 3)+x-4?::5(x+J) 3. 4(2 :::;; 3x + 8 -7x

3.
ctj13jtf:hgln.nruthnm m~~t'f_!19 t '~Ln~
u
1. t@ nH1 hlHQJ16l ttl13j2J~:~~nm sm~rulsthnmg '1
""'
2. hlHhl{~hl~m~ nUulruuntHsutnm9ctt~ru1hl'em ru '1

3. r;f;hgln.nru1M~fll:i ~H1L~tl6lt~tSH 61 '1

afTltnuz.n: "'
~nts~s~ii'Hth
0 '
bm 21 "r:sts~s~:mg
0
3tJctlb 7 'i
0

I. r;'in Mt1 MH ITn 6l

l_j ~

mb X mu~stt!ruLn~H'i 'i
u
2. MHM~1M~nH

tthrutlbm ~ tsu~sr;mgtd13 3crmb 7

r;~ms ~+3>7 '"~

3. r;f:hgLn.nru1hl~nu

t~'i:ilS ~ + 3 > 7

:::+3-3>7-3
2

x>8

-4 --2 0 2 4 6 8 10
J1Ht.flt2~stlm~n~
...; Li n
tl:h:nsiis 82Stl
& .:
I

89 '1 t~hfl~i:3 'in~nut1strn'e2~dl~w.lln~9n

I W & I IS- e.J'
U I

~ s t~'ej2jm ii~ftlrutqtn iltl

1

otUm:mbmdlrJSf:i
A' &
fi~gn
tl'
ttnru
I

2~ fP 'til S1:3 UJ'e iil f:i

82 + 89 + m ;::::
8 90

82 + 89 + ;: : 270

171 + m;:::: 270

171-171+ ;::::270 171 m~sb C-171))

tlmsg Mi1:3'iM m~rlsr:inJln~ tihb~t; 99 rls '1

U I W & &
U I ~------~~~-------=------~~--~

0 Q
t3 ~ s 8 900 nJI ru 9 200 nJI ru s b 9 ooo
ru '1 tr:ilJl~ill~ ~sl!iqtJ ru
u
[IS rut9Jn t~'ej2jm

2
?" ruunri
l. n::IH Utfl ru~ N-@ m ~

n. -3x+ 5 ;:?;:x-1 2. 1Ox+ 7 < 2x 5

j:'J, 5x- 6 < 5x - 1 lli. 7 + 6x < 6x

tl. x + 5 s;x + 7 u. 2(x+3)<2x+

~. 2.3m + 0.75 2::4.2 d. 4.4- 1.3 < 5.05 "l

2. 1: ~ g UUl ru~ N-@ m & Jr;u

n. 7a>-21 2. - 3x- 6 < 0
5 2
j:'J, 3x 12::5 lli. 6- x < 7x + 12

m-
tl. 3x- 20 < 7 x + 4 G. - -26
3
~. 8 + 6m:::; s; + 12 d. 3x 6 < 2x + 2 "l

3. t~g U<fl ru~ N-@ m ~

X X
n. 2x + 7 > 3x- 2 2. 3x 2: < 1 + 3'
m m-1
j:'J, '2 + m
'3 +2m >3 lli. -4- - 3 < -'--:c---"

tl 5(x+ 1) __ 1 < 9x+ 1_ 8x+ 1 3

G. 2 + _;"---=-_...;.
. 6 3
~. 3x-l _ 13 -x < 7x __1....:...,::---'- d 2x _ .2_ 13 + 5x _ x "l
. 25 25 <

t ~ gLn.n ru~ N-@ m ~ "" SlnG s s

rum'e"" rut rnu ' 0
4. .: 1.1
""
R. x-3:::; 7 2. X 5<5 j:'J, X+ 30 >50

lli.
3
4> 4
3
tl. >~ G. 3 :::; 3
X+ -7

~. 2x- 5 + 3x > - 5x + 15 d.y+3 +I)s;l2+y

fl15. X+ 1.5 2:: 0.5 m. x-100 2::200

""
f-1. 2 + 3x < 2x + I 15. 5 +6m2 5m + 2

rul. 3a-5+2a-7:S:8a+a-!2+2 "l

0

m~nGSS
lJ 1.1

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niJ:wm 6h 8h 10h 12h l4h 6h 18h

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121
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122
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2. ffi-tHnnbufn.nbttHHLtin~ nubnllQJ MMJ&{]SfflM~~&~nH:fiS 14SH'i

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4 3 0 5 2 2 0 6 2 7 6 3 3 0

4 4 2 0 4 0 2 5 6 3 2 5

2 2 4 0 6 3 2 0 7 5 0 2 3

{Chapter 1·4)
Nome: ~kn \!it:kuJ([,

21b &Liii~:H SHtl fi ~ffl M

Cla,:_M;L
afTif17UuJ: Mork:___il6
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Answer the following qu.rnions
l. How did the bobY gof stung?

"[4, '""f'~ <rowls ·N-!.. .,. ~ £, ?"J''J} {,,. ,J ;.,, {, 1:) 1o;jJ ,;,J ·~,J I.
2. 0~t_;~{f~a::G~ t~t;"&:e~~Y after 1he boby got stung?
46 58 65 70 75

48 59 66 71 7'15

51 59 I ,l
72 79

52 60 66 72 80

54 62 67 73 82

55 63 68 73 83

55 64 68 73 84

56 65 69 74 89

d5nub t{JtitHi s st:H15'J.:::

I
I!
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II II
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01
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25
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80- 85 s tl 85 - 90 'i

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s
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en llltlUtMtl

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1 45 -50 !I 2

2 50 -55 Ill 3

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u
0.62 0.83 0.78 0.77 0.88 0.79 0.84 1.07 0.81 0.88

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0.80 0.73 0.86 0.92 0.65 0.89 0.97 0.92 0.85 .1

1.08 1.14 1.00 1.05 0.95 1.01 0.91 0.75 0.68 1.19

0.73 0.85 0.66 0.87 0.81 0.77 0.83 1.05 l.Ol 0.80

Ltlf~i:lm~·H 0.1 '1

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l.i kg 't:flSGSSUSlS?
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0.90 - 1.00 !I 8

1.00 - 1.10 //// 9

1.10 - 1.20 5

ttyntiMfu 50

27
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9
2 50-55 3 8

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6
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5

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1.2 21.0 34.7 13.2 3.6 14.7

31.0 17.1 22.1 16.4 21.2 15.2

11.3 6.8 2.7 31.2 9.0 6.8

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- tsit a~fi
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run t,.ABC tgi~fi!J1~ritru llA'B'C' t~ru~~b AB IJ1~ ~Hru
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b BC 'i~~NFIU
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rutitWitfflrul ABC tsitrntni:il

- ttti'U~~0n~N1Jh AB 'Hl tl 4cm
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1

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lJ I 1J I

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IJ

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E H

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nh
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tiblmm MBC:=L1A'B'C
U1 ""

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I

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1

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QhL~tfil M ABC Sh A' B'C' ~l:fls

l

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{
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A (!)ttl MA = MB '1

X
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tS L.AOB )
tltHSg
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itnn: MA = MB

153
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: Qb~tAlllil ABC ShL~tAlllil

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A'B'C' ffi£ AB = A'B'
{
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t ru AB = A' B' t rub HltiL619Jtl trn ru !:!1 ~

i:l A'C' [J16ltru1Eh AC ttirndllEbtf:l
U 1 I

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tillbtlbm LBAB' = LBAC+ LCAB'

c (C')

BB' Yru
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I U I I c:t ...;
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co l.j
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1

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U n1J1n5tSl_;lb BC '1 ffi~ M roti~ci

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l

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f:lmsg
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AMIB:AMIC (m~run2nfl d.~. d)
9 ~

: MB = MC , LIMB = LIMC Stl LIBM = LICM

tt:'immr.nsrunnn:tlu2ltlt'Hn~:
....., 9 u c,

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b AB 2h BC tAlrul ABC Nrlffi'i61~ 0 '1
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t1:31:lJlGl~ tS~b AB BC
l

tSlgt~9lQJU12 OA = OB = OC '1

~. l:~l:flS OA = OC ( ti52ltltru)

&Slg !lAOC ctl~tAlrulM'i:3UlG1R~f.l5 0

0
N dltilli)tint1{fl f.l5tS~b AC tSlll ON
"
t1:31:ljl tl ACtS llAOC
l

&ll'i:3f.l5~rul:~tAlrulN'i:3UlG1t~UlS'iJ~~ 0Nctlt'i:3 Gl~tS~b AC '1

l

0 ' d ? 0 ~? C!J ' 0

MfilflJ: t1:31:lJl S9HS~tl9ltlmS1JHAl rul ABC [YN~ ~lJibtilli)ti 0 '1
l

ttllru oA = OB = oc tSlg o 1:fl8111:flrutfift9"i'si.:!Finu ~ ~

MBC '1

57
 A
: t'i:HlJl g~1_,tH~Wl ~ f.fh~ t,?i ~ Al M
I

~U ffl'i~~on.nrsr~~rutl:l
f•.Hl4osW t U
ruu~tsit~""il

.A

Q~UHAlM
""
ABC ~~ AC bill~s~
""'
9
0

l 1

L.B ~~ AB bill~S~ L.C ru AC>AB '1 t5irlmrh

1 ~~ B
L.B>L.C

tsitrn'lt:l~
lJ
AC tf:liUMts
I
D ~tl5
'W
ru AD= AB '1 A
1

ttlQi 2 AB = AD ts-Jg MBD dl1_,?itm M fd~Qi~

A~ru A il~ LB 2 = L.D2

~t~ dl~t1_,nltS MCD ttlQiS

L.D 2 = L.B 1 + L.C Gfl~ L.D 2 > L.C

thtu L.B 2 = L.D 2 &s-Jg L.B 2 >L.C (1)

} Gll~ L.B>L.C
&9J~ L.B = L.B 1 + L.B 2 tSH L.B > L.B 2 (2)

&r:J9l mm
~
s1g ~unw21~
Li n u
tim~
l.j
'1

: Q~t,?itm ru
1

d51d~
lJ
rh@su1 2 ffl
q
~ttl
I
rubill~a~'id~
l.j
iJ~ fiHS d~@su~Hfl
I q
ttH ttfi tu~tl:l
I
blibill'l§~~
I I
0 0 0

~~Gdl~ ct19Gctl~
1

® 'iuHu~n1
Li
m tu~ri~@sus
~ 1
ffl'id~tl:l rum5~s~~il~rius
1ql) 1
gfhn sus
jq
ffl t'tu ttfiru'id~
Li
1 1
eJ Cll 0 0 0

ttl blibill'l§S~9Gt:il~ctl~~Gctl~ '1

I

n~
q
MBC'b'lS LA= 6x+4° , L.B = 7x+12° ~~ LC = 6x-7° '1
1

dJu~~ ~s MBC ffl~ thtH1~

1

58
 "" ..
rufJw: nb MBC t!'im s
l

LA+L.B+L.C = 180° (drutin~nbls

If l<'l
MBC)
1

L.C = 6x-7° = 6(9°)-r = 47° ~:t:llru LB>LA>LC &Sl8&!'ili1Sl AC>BC>AB

~t.H!H lJbffl~rntnti W1~ti~ AC>BC>AB <J

I
B
1Vifufl:
l..itn
nbm21bMtS8tt:i2~
.. If G'l tJ
1

AB = AC =AD Sb L.ABC<LBAC

of ""
2U1'i.fi1M: ABC thl!it1'1HWl~ru '1 t!'iti~ru A

L~b sc 2Jms eM &'L:Jru CM = CA '1 ~HLti]mtsJti

AB Sb BC+AC <J

..
nb MAMtf!i(flS L.BAM
1
= L.BAC+L.CAM
B
sl2J L.BAM> L.CAM
"" 0
MCMYlS CM = CA tSl8 MCM dlHHnH1JlM~li151n~ru C '1

tf!i91ffi(flS
....., L.CAM = L.CMA

t'Ul~&ag L.BAM> L.CMA 'Y_ L.BAM> L.BMA

Qb MAMYlS L.BAM>L.BMA sl2J BM>AB

I

t~::llru BM = BC+CM = BC+AC (&Lmg AC = CM)

~ti&S3 AC+BC>AB <J

If

159
 Wifmff:ft:
II
'itl'tmhn
l.Jc>~;
s§Hrillti
U 1.1
s firuntit94 tu~
I
ttl-e1m8
eJ
n'ifitm nn-eru
n lj 1.1
tu~'i::llth~m
lJ &
u
l:H15-efig tuStn'eli5ntStl 'l t~tl ~sfiruntitntl'i::ll S 2m, 4.5m, 5.8m Sb 10.2m '1
1 "' 1.1 n 1.1 IN

1:fl SlJ ss ftHlH1j~ ffim@ tut1 tu& ru5{5 fi run ti ttl-ejm~ nLfit mnn

r:g tl ~-en~ f!JS~ 'l ~~nm@ tut1 tutisJ~ti~tltLm-e

n. 2m, 4.5m Sib 5.8m

2. 2m' 4.5m stl 10.2m

tl. 2m' 5.8m sb 10.2m
lli. 4.5m ' 5.8m sb 10.2m

t tl-ejfi ru1 tim 'i5 sJ s~ li5') tS'i5 sJ 9l blJ s ffi tiqy ML'i::llU~ til slJi t mrul~ li5 ttllj1 ~
1 u

hl1 n sJ 9'1-l::lH tliot m f~ b ~s~b 9'1-l::lti~:~b ~ti1 tu-em nlJit mnn

sb 5.8m
~
n. 2m ' 4.5m

5.8m
4.5 + 5.8 > 2 "'nntit9? ("'nn )
"'-
fi run tit ru59lbti ts gffimLli
2 + 4.5 > 5.8 "'
b1

2. 2m ' 4.5m sb 10.2m

2 +4.5 > 10.2 rinm9?

"'-
(-@srin) 'l
10.2m

tl. 2m' 5.8m sb 10.2m

2m
"'t151Y.t9?
2+5.8> 10.2
10.2m
\
fi run tit ru59lt!ti ~: s g@s ffititLti
ttl-ejm~51Lfitmn.n~rumst9 '1
160
 ill. 4.5m, 5.8m ~b l0.2m

4.5+5.8>10.2 rinB_t9? (rln)

10.2m
4.5+ 10.2>5.8 ilnm9? (rln)
"'-

5.8+ 10.2>4.5 nny_t9? (nn) '1

Luifuu: Firu~fim ~:~~~n5!Eh

i

n. 12, 11 , 17 g, ' 2' 3 f!i. 4.7 ' 9' 4.1 'i

4. G~~j~GfSj~ G

1. u~ ri f fii.1Sil u~ ri fl
A
<!)
0M 1
fS A l:HiJ{hd~
1.1
~H S"J t

AHl.!J. 'i Hh~ AH &'if!i

n

!J. B H

4.2. iLu]uitaJuu~ri n ri
A
L~tfilM AHB rtlL~tfilMtnh1Jl~ H tf!'lms

LH> LA sl~ AB > BH

LH>LB sl~ AB>AH
!:lmsg nh'i~bfilM Hthr~sMt~hm
u "'
l
l.i 1 u i

f1H9Jnmlish~fnh '1

61
 "
: tHlllts
1
B "'
!'lb C

6i BC '1

H C

) '1 tt?]mtijti AB Sh AC
A A

c c

nh ~AHB 'BlS LABC dl~tifflts LABH

"'
l
l l.j

t?i'QlS LABC = 90°+LHAB dl~tmru

I

i::lts~:sg nh MBC LABC> LACE sl§1 AC>AB

1J "'I u
B Sh C tsl!Uh:&lh H (mg
1J
2)tt:!ithlilu
1
C' 'tHiHsl&rntiS'l~
!.! .::
~ tt!ru
HC' = HC '1

t?i'QlS AC = AC>AB

162
o ~tl~~~fiqgnfl~ ~~riqJn1:llS~rulnthn~~riqJnU '1

o ~n~~~fiqgnfl~ ~~fiqgnudl~~riqgnt'c:~rn1:lls~Mnfi '1

dfunl'ff!tr t?12J ABC dl~tfilrul~rutl::lru AB<AC '1 tsiQ~~tfilrultsg fU

I

n~n5 AH S~i:'i:ll::lJlS AO '1 t1_Y]mtsJ'u AH, OA S~ AC '1

tJtgw: ~~fi AH dl rifn~ A

"" n
,U)ru AO dl~~riqgn
t?l'Q'1SAO>AH (1)

ttnru AB<AC (N'i:l~n'i:l)

...; ...;

ttfl ru13 rLJlti H ij n t g B S~ 0 B L----i..:,J,----l...,....----..,:,Y.

t?19lQ)U1S HO<HC s12J AO<AC (2)

ffl'i:l ( 1 )S~ (2}(?1tf1S: AH<AO<AC '1

!!ABC '1

'i5-lrlmm AB+BC+AC>AD+BE+CF
1.11 """

163
l. MBC =. !::JJEF

BC = (2x + 30)cm

EF = (5x-90)cm

?'HlJl Sl B C '1
p

2. tLfilYtsgtf:i2J
= PR Sb LPST = LPTS

MQSStl MRT '1

3. hf:i2J MT = MB MA = MO '1

mdl !:MTO=.!:MBA '1

"
T

4. i:fi2J AB = BC Sb AD = CD '1
B D
tclJu MED Stl !:£ED '1

5. AB II CD Stl TR = TS '1 um mm
U1 "

MBT=. !::JJCT '1

A
6. fi2J LEAD = LCAD stl AD j_ BC
mm MBD=.MCD sb AB = Ac '1
"
 DiD
A
7. t?i~ P rtH~MG'tHi515ntsitrnnsgu2lrimls
I 1J "' .,;; I
LA
"" .
mMLnl:fllrulM'l:Hfln ABC '1
0<:$
Uult15U{]Gl PB = PC '1

B c
A
ABC ctlLntfflrulhl'tHilnn~ru A ~~
"" 0
8.

M sb N ctlcrMGnrun rutSLJ=ih AB sb AC tUb ffi

1 G'1 "'
1

ttfiru P mcrrt.nGLUMblts BN
1 "
sh cM '1
B
ummm
l/1 -..:>
MBC dlL~tfilrulhl'IHiln '1
c
9. t?i
§UAB =
~
CD Sb AC = BD tl1Jm2lb fiJ1 '1
0
D
IJ IJ G'1

tLu]umJuL~tfil rul ABC sh BDC '1 A

BA
10. ABC ctlL~tffl M'l:§ru '1 fi'l:§
IJ S'l
MWm~Ablru
-..:> IJ
B sh
c ffl rilll b bill'\:§ Ln~ D shE ffi'i umm
l/1 -..:>
1 "'
m"" BD = CE &SUL.ABC = LACE '1

B c

ll. t?i~ HOJ..OB, DB.lOB

OP = BE, HO = DB '1

fi. I::J!OE := t;.DBP

12. nbm2lbw1r;sg r;r:;§1

"'I u G'1 it.l

AC = BD Sh LC = LD 90° '1

Uirlmm
l/1 -..:>
BC =AD Sb BCIIAB '1
 0
3. mm tfflMSl:l
u 21~ 'Lffll:l M~ t M~~ ffll:l mtH1ih91r~u
ij

E
A K

Scm c
3cm

F B
D 4cm M

14. mgL~tffl n.ns~ 21~ 'Lffll:l M~ &Ml~~ ffll:l mti~f~~t912...,

1

B
s F

15. PQR dl~tfflM~ ru QR> QP ~~

PR = PQ '1 mm LP>LQ '1

"'

A
16. ABC dliJHfflMMl:lQ'Hin~ru A '1
"" 0

U.1ti~tl5~~ BC ~018 CD= AC '1

1

tiblmm LACD>LCAD '1

U'l "'

A
17. ABCdlL~tfflM~ ~AMdlt1:11:lJ1S
ru LAMB< LAMC '1

tiblmm
U'l"'-"
LB>LC '1

"" 0
8. ABC dl1JHfflMM1:101~n~ru A '1

tiSlfif!lMtUm~O A 1Mti~~id~ BC
& IJ "' L:i L:i 1

fflfitiSlfif!ltummn c 'ini:l D t~um21~nn '1

& ij "' L:i ij ij "

'OinmffiAD+AB>CD 'i
tn " '

66
 B

LB fflflLdtl AC H'~~ D '1 H mthn.mrufntl ''

'
l ''
\

"
'S D .., '
till15S"H'i BC '1
'\ H
.:;
''
'' '
15trlmctl AD< CD '1 \ ,/'
lll .....,
\ /
' ,
AW-----~''~--------~

Oeb 1 0 Q)'-::1 ~

~- UMID15tictldru15nn't:HtHntmts
u n ~
LlABC ~mtl
N

L15 t' Hm~'i:fl H1 ~15 ni tl '1 B 1:..---.,!-:J------___;::,.c

21. ABC dl~tfflM~tlJtf;jru AB = 3 Stl AC = 4 '1 ttli1ti.ri::UllrJUhfflM 15~£!)

l <BC<7 '1

0
GM13
l
M '1

n. tt15]mt{J15 MBM stl WCM

~- LMIDtl~Gl AC;AB <AM<AC;AB '1

c
Ql 0 ~ ~

~- tn13M13 D, C, E ~n1ntldH1ltlt9?
I LJ Ill "' "'-

(15ITTlR
c.s-
: t'!M 21 LDCE)
0 A

24. ntl~~tffl
c; L.:;
M ABC fi@g152lfArlll
~ 1
tS LB Stl L.C ¢V
t'l.HH111n~
l.J
,Oc;rj;
I '1 ffl'i:§" I
1

~IDLfl.mstm~fl BC ~UliDfflfl15~fl AB Hi~ D stl AC Hi~ E '1

Oeii
LMID15.0Gl DE= BD + CE '1
25. ntlt~tfflM
,
ABC nS:Sli2lfltllltS
"".:; l
LA 'ilit\Hl
l.i .I
BC 'in~r3n.nts
LJ l
D '1 152lfil3rutt:Jrut'lli5
<Ill u

ttsmn C ttniD1Jii515Stl152lfi AD fflfi152lfi BA 'inti E '1 15trlmm AE = AC '1

...., "' "' LJ lll-..:1
 ----~~------------~~--------------d'
B C

LABM Sb LMBC '1

21
,;
~ d , d' Sb A B '1

D
27. 6?Jtltl LBAC = 90° , LABC = 60° Sb
LBCE = 90° '1 bt ri LBDA = LDAB Sb

LCAE =LACE '1

n. ?l!lf!Sl LBCA , LACE , LCAE , LDBA Sh

LEAD '1 c

28. ABC rtl'i~lltfil!lfl'i:Hi5 '1 fiSgti2l~r12tS LB Sb LC

l.j !.! "" ,; I

IUWQ)rl A uuu~bti~~ BC 'if~ D Sb E dJtl[! '1 1.,t1fltm5~m

n. MEC Stl !'i.ABD rtlt~tfil !lfl IU'i:Hf!Gi 'l

~. DE= AB+AC '1

168
 0 0 '
nrulf!UH.RtHSu~tfilrul
"

o u~ £!) ruQ nn: sb@ ~159 tstytr~59JLfil~

1J

o um mrun9 nn: sb'i'9

lfl"'-' lin
f'6u 9 tSufl1 r; m nn t m nn

cr~tmnndlrl'Ujtfilnn rul:flsi_Eib4 'i u~&mnn

I

S~ t15']'i:fl Si_Eib 4 sb~ 4 &Ul ti5'i:fl Su~& fil rul &dJb WJfiBl S
I

run rul :u tS"e~ t Olb Sg L:lu2lb

9 "' 1J

iJDti~ '1 m"" ABCD 'i:flS II

ABCD dluf!tmnnmru
I 01
'i

0
tytrubiltm~ dlu~tmnnt'1:lrul:flsi_Eibm5~
1J I

uuu~ ""
m'] '1 "" ABCD
m tn59JLfil~
1J

I:RUl S [AB] II [CD] sb II [BC] '1

e a~tmnnfnt! mtyr;ru9JLfil~ rul:fls~tnt!

u
~ru '1 ttl ABCD dltU&ru9JLfil13 sb LA =
n~----------~c
IJ
B
&Sm ABCD dltif!&filrul
I

A c
~~S~ '1 ttl ABCD dltmru Sb
AB = BC &S'HABCD dlun&filrul!;hl 'i
1 ""'
D
169
 B
nH~ ctlDJ ~ruSJLfflt3 &'i::Hlil:fl s~~ riHtl'ci~~ s ~ s~
u 1

l:flS~fn~~ru 'i ABCD ctlDJ&ru9JLfflt3 ttfiru

u A
LA 90° S~ AB = BC tSH ABCD ctlfilt~ 'i

- - - - - - /t._tJUiflfj'{fn1! 7
/ ~
/

Lm ru 9J 1J11 '1:3 m11 ~ t mru1 rt~ rul:fl s Ltl ~ ru5'1:3

u 1

~Cl~'J 'i ttl ABCD ctlLmru9JLfflt3 t~ms

u n~--------------~
II [CD] s~ II 'i

l}fgfir~g 1 : »~rl1J~S~ti5'J ttinDJ&rulULfflt3ctll!itmMria~s~ '1

u u

ABCD ctlDJ&b159JLfflt3tt!ru mm !J.ADC =. !J.ABC

-...:>
'1
u

L~, m ru1 A De sh !lAse l:f1 s

AC
0 '
LA 4 = LC 2 (t3~Hun~)
IGV ell
'i
1

t!msg
u
!J.ADC=.LlABC (nHUl '1:3-d-
 &~LilS llADB:!lDBC (nHL.fi '6-d-
&~Lil 2 : AD = BC , AB = DC
LA = LC , LD = LB

1mn : 151iHlli'6sh~rn5'6'&s trn9JLfil'6~s ~ '1

1 ll

ABCD dlL'iHill9JLfil'6ttlrn "

LA sh
"'
LB dl~n~ '1 0

u
ummm LA+ LB = 1soo '1 A
U'l "

ML"l:f7 W'iJ n;p !'# :

t~'Hls [AD] II [BCJ msht:tH.l5~~
"'

l}tgug@ 3 : ~~~1Jh tsLmru9JLnl'6LunJ~~Ln~linf1unn!Jl rnt{Jh~ o tUTl

u u
mon~g '1
.!! ""1

ABCD dlDHill9JLfil'6ftlru'!:fls»~~1Jh [AC] sh LUnJ~~Ln~ 0 "'

u u
Uhlmm 0 GliTMUnrunrut~Qb'&s C] Sh '1
U'l " 1 G1

ML"l:f7 W'iJ n;p !'# :

Lfitmrul AoB sh lloDc 'tfls A B
LOAB = LOCD ('thnfdnb)
1GV "'
1

AB =DC (Ldhrn5'6Lutru9JUD'6)
1 u
LOBA = LODC (~ffihlnb)
1GV "'
1

~msg
u
AAOB:AODC (nHJl '6-d-'6)
tf-1012 OA = OC <I o mnMunrun ruts
0

i G1
"
C]
sb OB = OD '1 o moMunrunruts
0
1 G1
"
"I

~fitS
u
g0 dliTMUnMrl rnt{Jh tS
1 G1
[AC] Sh '1

O~tfilllil ABCD 'inS AB = CD ShAD= BC '1 U~QJGl ABCD dltytrt59JLfil'6 '1

u
 fiiJhAC
u
L~tmn.n ADC sb ABC 'i::flS
AB = CD ~n'i:3)
....

Ac Loha'i:3
1

!:Jm:::lg AADC:t!.ABC (~laM d-d-d) '1

u

lcnn: LA 1 = LC3 m9mh~mn5nhtf.lms

i<v ..
II (1) '1
l

LA 4 = LC 2 m9mb~mMnbtf.ltnS
jG\1 c;
II [BC] (2)
l

r11m~ s ~ il ~ 'J n:n gu~t m M ts 8ctli,YtilllilJLffli:3 '1

u

m'ibfflrul
l
ABCD 'i::flS LA = LC Sb LB = LD '1 f!Jrfl ABCD ctli,Ytill9JLffli:3 '1
u
'
'

tf.l'i::flS LA+LB+LC+LD = '1 ( ornun

u

r;m M)
LA = LC Sb LB = LD ( tu'i:3~n'i:3)
.... ....
tf.ltnS 2LA+2LB = 360° Sb LB = LD

LA+LB = 1800 sh LA+LD

""
= 1800 (rlilltin'i:3nbm2lh)
u
0

jc; !.1
I

II II
~msg u~tffln.n ABCD W'ILtitill9JLffli:3 '1
u

GSHAlM
l
ABCD 'i::flS II sb AB = DC '1 ti1;fl£!JG1 ABCD ctlLtitill9JLffli:3 '1
u

72
 9m

M['i:n l!J'iJ f[{l If :

M~H~fl1Jh AC
u
1_,fitnHl.!l f].ADC Bh !].ABC 't:llB

AB =DC

LACD = LBAC

tSlg AADC=:f].ABC (d-~-d)

~tfln : LDAC = LBCA !\5msi9mh~m II

"' IN

tH'itnH1.fl
l
ABCD 't:llS II sb [ABJ n[Dc] "~

tltH!H
II
tHHffHlJl
l
ABCD

7 : dhHHnH1.fl~ttl't:ll2Hhfl19bi'tinH1 ffiH'i~G
lJ9MfJ99
n u n Li Li
1 Li
1J
<lot
Unrunru
n
h tSlg

U~tnH1.fHSgdl1JHru9JLnl~ '1
1J

0 dlGn.f1UnruJHUG2 ~1JhU~tA'lMn rudJb

II

ABCD dl1_,titru9JLA'l~ '1

1J

M['i:n l!J'iJ f[{l If :

1_,fitA'lM AOB Sh LWDC 't:llS A B

OA = OC

L.AOB = LCOD (~9run~

OD = OB
0

0
dlUMUnrunru&S
1 n
• "

"
D
l>?J C

~tfln : L.CAB = LACD II '1

ttfl ttl L.ACB = LCAD II '1

UntnlM
1
ABCD 't:llS II '1

~msg U~&A'lM ABCD tru9J1_,1ll~ '1

1J
0 I 0 ~

fiJ'i.fTUif.'it: tl!l't:llSUntnlM ABEF Sh EFDC dl'i'i.H

IJ ! Li

ABCD dlLmru9J1_,1ll1:1 '1

u

l2
 .. F
.----------------. E
b{j ABEF dl'U5WHilJl,iil'i:HS'U AB = FE ,
ij

II (I)

t{j EFDC dlt,utru9Jl,iil1HSlg FE= DC ,

II

II (2)

fl)'t§ ( ) 2b (2)

tf!'lQlS AB =DC , II [DC] <t

~msg u~tfil M ABCD dl'U5tru9Jlfll't§ '1

II

tmru
"'
D dlun.nu~8ts
0 "
A
l ""1

o., A; - - - - - - - - - - ,B
ru9Jl,iil't§ ru'i:fls9u1b\jru '1
. ~
II

t tn ru Wl~u~tm nn tnt! nmt,m rul{lt,Al't§ t Sl gl,f!'lti

.
II
0 ~ I ~ I

nn:9lbHtum tu'U5Ul59Jl,iil't§ndl ruQnn :m tuu~tm nn

IJ 11
D''-'----------:c

tSlg LA = LC , LB = LD llli't§tStytn511Jlfll't§)
IJ

t'lflru LA = =>LC = A,-,--------,8

_j
LA+L.B = 1

+L.B = => L.B = 900 t Sl g L.B = LD =

DL----------'c
tlmsg
IJ
LB = L.C = LD 90o '1
 f)ffl

ML'i:fll111J f[fl ?# :
t{j ABCD dltHWilM
i
&lrJg AD = BC ru:rl§ hn:s 61 t mnn fnb )
ab !!.BDC 'tflS A~----------.,~
..
nh !:s.ADC
I

AD= BC

LC = LD = 90o

!!.ADC=.!!.BDC (n~ 0-'1§-d) '1

~tnn: AC = BD '1

titH£H
u
AC = BD '1

tf!i'HlS ABCD dlLU&ru~Lffl'l§ttiru AC = BD '1 tl~[gdl ABCD dlu'ttfflM

II

ML'i:fll111J f[fl n:
&u ABCD dll}5tru9JLffl'l§tlrlg
II

AD = BC (~hru5'1§tstmru~Lffl'l§)
l u
AC = BD (

DC dl~hJ'I§
I

&~012 !!.ADC=.!!.BDC n~ tl-d-d) '1

~Oiii : AD = BC '1

LADC = LDCB

nJiru LADC , LDCB m'l§dltitltS'I§

I "'

tlrJg LADC+ LDCB =

2LDCB = l80o si2JLDCB = 90° '1

l:H'HS!l
u
ABCD t:htHHffln.fl
l
'1

175
 fil~ffiY M 2jma MR = MP '1

.1 , He dlnnt
u
fil n.n fnb ttfi rul!l m
~

'l5 Rffi MP+MQ = BH '1

A

Qb1.f\tfilrul BMPffiS LPBM+LBMP =

u

Qb1.f\tfilrul MQC ffiS LQMC+ LQCM =

u
~ 0 Q
ttfltu LQCM = LMBP lfOlntntfi1lJHuYQ1n ABC
f:jtJtS8 LOMC = LPMB
1J -

ru LQMC = LRMB ~SU LPMB = LRMB '1

1.f\t fil nil BMP SbtWitfil MBRM ffi S :

MR = MP ( fUY~fiY)
'"* '"*
LPMB = LRMB MB (~b~Y)
l

llBMP:!J.BRM (mnfi r:l-Y-0)

lmn : LPMB = LRMB = 90° , MR = MP '1

= L.RQH = LQRB = 900 dltJntfilrultfih

I
'1

~Qlfi RQ = BH tn RQ = MR+ '1

sg MP+MQ = BH '1

: tf:i"tf!StJ£11 filrultfih ABCD SbHb~

n

'1 tihl
un
LCAD = LBDA '1

g ~
nnt m nn t fij
I -*
m1m
!.J

2. ~'i9h SYtuC) ttJfifj£1 tfil nn' Mdl'i~tfil nn

!.J1J '"* w 1.1 u
n
3. idhrumsb~ntiYtS11ntfilnnti6usm '1
wl l l '"* l ""
4. Hh~'i9btS1Jntfiln.flt
n w 1
1J
76
tf!l'i:!lS ABCD ct"J1!.Hru~un~ttlru AB =AD '1 tl~(gGl AB = BC =CD= DA '1
iJ

ML'f:fl UJfj rrJ7 fi :

t{j ABCD thijl&ru~un~ B
l.l

tSH AB = CD Sb AD = BC (!Jlbru5~tS
I
A c

D
tlmag
u
AB = BC = CD = DA '1

ML1f'l UJfj rrJ7 fi :

dj ABCD thtHHffHlfl& B
I

!:.ABO Sb !:.ADO 'i:fl a

AB =AD

OD = OB
D
AO (!Jlb~~)
1

si~ t:.ABO:=t:.ADO (Fi~ d-d-tl)

~Qln : LAOD = LAOB '1

tmru LAOD , LAOB th~dlUtltS~

I "'

2LAOB = 1800 , LAOB = 900 '1

tf!1'i:!l2 ABCD dlijltru9JLfil~ttl

II

177
 . B

!iABO Sb !iADO 'tllS :

OD = OB

LAOD = LAOB
D
AO (~b~'i§)
I

2J !iABO: MDO nHW(d-'i§- d) '1

l(fln : AB = AD '1

ABCD th1YU15~Lfll'i§ttlru'tlls AB =AD ffi'i§Stl5'i§SttHI!'i(flS

u
ABCD thtHHfi1fl1HM
I
'1 ~

..
B
!iABO Sb AADO 'tll S

OD = OB

LAOD = LAOB

AO (~b~'i§) D
I

il2J AABO:!iADO n~ (d-'i§-d) '1

l(fln : LBAO = LDAO '1

ri 1J b '1 1 m11 fl.fJ ti'\3 ru f tl ru

II

A mm AOBJ th13WHfi1rult
-...:J I
'1

78
 d5 AOBJ mnHru9JLn1l:H~Ol2 = OB , IB = OB
ll
I
ABCD tiltHHffiMtntl
1

t~OlS AO =DO= OB = OC

t~OlS AO =AI

~msg AOBJ mnHru~Lmattlru'tf!S

ll

;ot~mti
lJ
Ao =AI mmHmMtM--& "~
1
I

'i'i.J~fi~:
l..i trl
~MiSfUUl
<II
LDAB Stl LBDC

tHHffiMthl ABCD
I ~
"!

c
2 rugn.n:mu
mt~ tilti~tmn.nr~t'!:lru'tlls~&ntl'\1ru "~ rr:nrucr~&mn.n&~mnnru~Lma&su
ll

mw~mLmru9JLma "! m&H:hu~tmMtnht!:lruffisiJlhmtir~~ "! rr:nruu~tmM

tilLmru~tJLma
u
..
tSl8n1UntilTIHru9JLma "!
1

~msgffic~ffis
u ll

tMshmHmMtnh
--& I
"~

3. '~Ohru.mmttutHnshrMm
lJ c:;l.j c; ~q-
1

4. tatijl9itS1Jlh "
»ru~g
I I

5. Hh~'i9htlSffi
n lJ 1 "~
ffi'ini.1dn.ncrn
<'I lj I
u
6. mi:!Jl9atsiJlhru.mmiinJ~g
. I 1

7. »h~HilhtilnSllUSl~m'ts~n.tla&Uirumiin;~g '1
n lJ w ,:; 1 1 tiw
u 1

l}igfffJYJ : Qh~tffi M»~~tti ru.lJIUU tmru;prutSLdh rhLn~uutiShiJlhgu

1 1 ll I

ttflrutMshmRnrunru;ot~gti '1 »h~rsgctfTlm nn "~

""' ~ l,'; I n

79
 0
,13 13 E nrunrn [ACJ '1
G1
uinmm
lt1 "

II DE= l
'
A

u~ru ~ms DE= EF

D . F
'
'
''
.. .. ''
'
• 0 ......... ,'
M ~ [1U1~13 13n rn E t blililJ1J1l'ij "' B~--------------·=·c
lJ

tEm AD= CF , I!
ttntllAD =DB sl~ DB= CF
136HffHl.ll
1
BDFC "ddS DB= CF , II
I I
tmg DF = BC , II ruDE= -DF =
2
1
II ' DE= -BC
2 "'

'
'

II "' tf:'ifflf;l 13&'Hfi'HWl

1
BDFC "ddS [AB] II [CF] ' [DF] II [BC]

~ffln: BD = CF"'

DA = DB (G" 13 D n rn ) !:Sl8 DA = CF "'

136'Hfflru1
1
DAFC "ddS DA = CF , ] II

t?l01S H~~lJ~ S~ bliE"'

lJ
0 "
t:Jmsg
lJ
E dl13ru113nrunrnts
G1
[A
j

180
 t~'Hl2 b.ABC fnhUi~ B c] '1 um
Ill

BO = ~AC '1

ML'i:!7 UJ'iJ fJJ1 rf :

U~t1Hl:H:iJ12 2Jms BO == OD '1

t~Ql2tHHfiHl11 ABCD ft~ru'HlSHh6h9hiUnHlffl

1 n Li Li .o"'
IJ

L'1~Gn.f1unn.JJ1 ru o £hLUHl59JLfil'l§ '1

IJ

TIHru!ilJLfil'l§ ABCD ft~ru'l:fls LABC = dluntfiln.n

I
IJ

1mn : BD = AC i12J BO = ~AC '1

o ....'5f o
bn~:l~bu;~sbn &Sl::~~:filn.ntm::
c::;
1JtgVfUI4 : QhL5itfil t'l§1:ljlS&
1 l IJ

m~tfil n.n &nb&1:! ru'l:fl s~bu;~sht'l§i:lJl sm

I IJ

l
S BO = -AC '1
2

ML'i:!7 UJ'iJ fJJ1 rf :

U~ti5t'l§i:lj12 [BO] 2Jms BO = OD '1 t~QlS

tHHfilnfl
1
ABCD f1:lru'HlSHbn
1
'1 ttnru BO = 2.AC

&2'H BO + OD = BD U C+!Ac = BD
"'- 2

AC = BD '1 1_?tru9JLfil'l§ ABCD ft~ru'i:flS fllJh AC = BD dlu~&filrulfnb 'I

IJ IJ

~m~a b.ABC fnhLn~ B '1

2.5. runnn:mnmnn
9 I

u'1tfilnnmru
1 c;
dluntfilnn
a
ru'l:flS'idh
LJ
m
"
'1
I

~hLruu~&sgnmmmn ru~bfh n~sLruu~

I l

'~db '1 untfilnnmrufr:Hli'Hl

Li 1 l "'

mruru'I§Qln(m9 1 Htfi tsiruh:nbts~hm A.-----,B

"' IJ l

'i:l'ru t~tUTlm~Ql'1tSuntfilnnmruru'i:l'Qln '1 un filnnmru

IJ I 1 "' l "'

&t~ru'l:fls~fnb'i:l'rutUTlmun&filn.nmru&nb 2) '1
I 1J 1 "'
c
 tl'i

ru LD st~ Lc tunm ~m~

l
'1

.
II II A E B

ti?:'iQlS EBCD dlttnilllijLf'O'i:j 'i

IJ
,.---'\~Z~7
ti?:'i'i:flS DE= CB ru DA = CB (1_Elb
l

tffH1.1l UltllM'i:jQl~) ~ DA = DE 'i

!lADE dltli&nH1.1l n5'i:jtfl~ '1

1mn :LA = LE ttfiru LE = LB (~L~~ ) ~~

IJ

~ ABCD ttlru 'i tH!lmttl AC = DB 'i

..
lll "'

L~tffHlll ADc st~ !lDBc 'tfls A B

DA = CB ('idtifi~tffHUlmtllM'i:jQl~)
lJ I 01
I

'i:j LD = LC ('i:jQl~fi~tffHUl tllM'i:jQl~)

" Q

l I l

n AC =DB '1

182
 t~'i:flS ABCD tHHnHl.ll
I
ruftHli'i:flSO'l~

II [AB] &tfi ru

1
n
i'Hl{fl &li hq_~ tl ij ~ Htni G1 01 fi'i:HiJU t S tHi &ffl M
mru
<I
'1 ummm
Ul --.:1
[DCJ 11 11 a~

EF = !(AB +DC) '1

2

ML'ln wu fJJI n:
ffi'l§ C ~MliSln CE ffl
II ~

Ui~ G L~hfflnn AGE a~ EDC 'i:flS

LGAE = LCDE rdn~)

"'I
1

AE = "
ED (E dltiMtHHl.ffi&li
1 51

LAEG = LDEC
."
rnn~ '1

lifin : AG = DC a~ GE = EC '1

Q~l!itfflM CGB 'i:flS

I

E mttnru:;nrunrula
I 1"1

II II
l l I
EF = -GB = -(GA +AB) = +
2 2

16Mf!fJ94:
L;n
n~n~tfflM
cs 1
ruannnnrunrnts'itltl
1 n lJ
I i

lJ~ ~msiHliu~rir~~ruftlrnLM'iHms~m~ '"~

II

&~'i:flS ABCD tHHfflM

I
&li'i:flS E , Fa~ G , H dlGMfinrunru
I Gl

'lJ~ [AD] ' [BC] S~H~rilJ~ '1 ti!rlmm

IJl --.:1
E , Fa~ G , H ~~tsiUtlli
II

83
 .
~~Uitmn.n ADC ma
I

"
G marup:sn "
ruts

ts-12 [EG] d1Qln1H:$J~laU~tffirul ADC '1

U1(fl~ [DC] II '1

a [DC] II

~Jl~teJs; tJ
"
s;~a'l~taafitffin.nmu:ns-H
I <t
11 [EF] (3) '1

m~ a "" ""
Lrirl"l&ru "'
maatlH:tl E , ..
Fa~ un
G , H ,e.
IJ
0 C::. Q G e/
g GM1 G E , Fa~ G , H &rutlSlntn~ru '1
<I IJ

: ttl'i:flSGrltffiMmruNUQ'lri ABCD " " AB '1

G dlGMGnrunru&a
i <t I ~

0 N~ts~~tl§lrl a~ a~ H nfJti19N~tSH~fll§l~ AC a~ BD '1

I U

O,H G '1

: Uitfnrul OAB N~Q'ln rl LA = LB) A G B

tt'iQlS t'iH~JlS dltU!:W
n~ l!.ADC , l!.BDC 'i:flS
oe
I

AC = BD H~ril§I~Grl
n 1
t ffi M !llNUQlri '1
II

CD
0
AD = sc Ul~iaantmn.nmru
I <t
&'1'1
I

~mas llADC: ABDC '1

ttlQlS LDAC = LDBC

LDAB = LABC

t?l(fllEl LDAB-LDAC = LABC-LDBC m~ LCAB = LDBA

m~ AHAB mU~tffirul n tSlUUf:.lJlS dltU "' " [AB] (2) '1

9US

mu (1) a~ (2) t?l(fl a mt~l:lJl "ts

u:rhruumrifn~ru,
<I II

184
 0 •
nnmn

n. t,tn'lhrtyHt,~hfilM ABC '1 ttn~ij ?

2. ttnthru.mtfitfilM
i.j .... i.j
ADO '1 ttnnH 16
?
D
!!!. tfi 11ABO:I1ADO ii(g
~
? &tnnH
I 6
?

2. Qbt,utruf{lt,fil~ ABCD , J nnmu1mru

I 6l
l II

tS [AC] &UlW [EF] t:h~tH%~rufl:lrufilri

n !.1

ffl~ I '1 timmt:n

Ul"'-'
IE = IF '1

3. U:hW&l_.tlG~&filM EFGH

n. t!!l2J EH = IF Sb~ LEHI = LFIG '1

ti~(!JGlG~tfilM EFJH t:h,YUU9~t,fil'tf '1

2. t!!!2J [EH] II [FI] , EH = IF Sb FG = IF

ru~LfilY '1

4. t'dn~l:lbis~uwt9'ln
.... i !.1 \J '1 nnns·umfJ~2'1§WCJ
6 i !.1

l.Y'ruf{}Lfil~ '1
II

5. d5~~ru&snHru9JLm~ms N"'....' (2x+ 20)

II

" " x '1

(x-50) '1 !!!MSlnt~ta

6. N~l,Y' ruf{lt,fil~& f:ll ru £)[1

II

n. LA = 60° , AB = 6cm , AD = 4cm

2. AD = 4cm , AB = 2.5cm , BD = 3.5cm '1

7. t!!ltflSUHruf{ll_.fil'tf ABCD
II

[CD] tUb~lJl~ A' sb c '1 u ri 11 ~tiH9Jnmriffl'l§ 0 mri [BC] Stl

l_.n~ B' sb D' '1 U~(!)Gltl~tfilM A'B'CD' m,ytru~ilJLfil'l§ '1
II

185
 "' 0 ..,
B
8. t fi'H1Jl ABC 'tf1 S E Si:l D th tHlJH1
I
fi ClJTH1H
lil
S

9. tl='l'tflStH'jtfi'HlJltnh ABCE shTIHrn9J1§1i:1 BCDE '1

ll

u ifl fD m 15i' nH1Jl A cD mL5' m nn N'i:Hi1 fl '1

10. tl='l'tflSUfltfilrul
I
Ill ABCD t~rn II
"
r munnunnm I lil

fi. 1='1 rul Sl AB XY = 12.6 Si:l DC = 3 '1

2. l='lrulSlflt~tS " " x DC= 4x-7 , XY = 2x + 1l

B C

;: ~
AB = 2x+1 '1

A D
1 . tt'i'tflSUfltfilrulmlllN'i:1'Q1fl ABCD t~rn II
I "'

sh LA = 67° ., ?'inn g'i '1

12. tt'i'tflS ABCD ill AD= CE

L.CDE = L.CED '1

ABCD UfltfilrultM
l ...
'1

.1 [BC] '1 tll:rl mdl BE = DF '1

Ill .......

0 0
L.OCD tn'i:1tl t nm ffi '1
I '-'"'

186
 o rHl1lnt~Lni{JlTI5'ru9JLm'i§
0 '"

IJ

o nnnnt~u;I{Jlu~'mfl.fl
0 '"
ru

t j:'j m~u;:J nJlJ 131:1 n ttfl m~ fi nn 21 &~ Ln 1{11

hl13ntm nn &nil ttl ru&Mtl ruj:'j nn ~nil am 115
l '-'o I IJ

1361 tm ru1 &nil ti:l rut24 ;;n~

1
has gtnsm n~m 115 4 tJ nm 2~
I)

ttl'in9nts13ntmrultn~~:sgms~m
,; lJ i.l' l "
8tlnmttl
,;
'I
D c
""
Lm1:1mnH15 &S"J&fn~j:'jnflS"J

Lni{Jl lswcru9JLm1:19lR9h tlh~an

IJ
...
~ ~
run
~
sh ma~ n td'in9n
&l.J i.l'
tS13nt mnn ':) ':)

fn~ 'I TI5till9JLnl1:1 ABCD uHHl""

IJ
If'.} l eJ 0 Q '? cy
13~tm fl.fl tni:l tth ruun 2 &61~ fi ru t~(Jirfn fl.fl (tnHtfl

druj:ifl.fltsHnnhd~mn2hn't1
1 l,j £'1 I)
'I
I

n~ I'Jtm ru 9JLfil't1th H ~ fi ru ~ M m ()] tl fi ~ ru

IJ

t9ifnhsh~i:lru.J~ ctfiru~hru.J~tsnmmmmn 'I

1 l
 ..
[AE] , dln~~Tiltrul{jLfilY ABCD tel rulJl tf16'i [DC]
u u
dl n~ ~Lm ru

ABCD

. A B

.1

llAFD S~ llBEC "!

dj ABCD thTI5&
ru "
LADF = LBCE (Y'i6iHil)
l uu 0$

LAFD = LBEC =

b =DC= AB

t~Ln~G~tfilrultn~ ABEF = bh

t~~~G~tfilrultn~ ABEF = t~Gn~G~tfilru1£PID ABED+ t~~~~&filrul AFD

t~~~Tiltrul{jLfilY ABCD = t~~ijlfi~tfilrul ru ABED+ t~~ijl~tfilrul BEC

u

t~:mt~~~TI5tru9JLfilY ABCD = t~Ln~G~tfilrul ABEF = bh

u

~mag "'t~~~TI5tru9JLfilY ABCD = bh '1

u
: tl:h ruH~E'ilJ~ s~1Ji:ITI5tru9JLfilY m~ nm s~tfil n.n tia~s [1 tmg l~1fijl
llJ l llJ
" • l
MnMntl:hru s =
2
bxh '1

fJlt~cru
D c

/
: cutmrueJunY
llJ

ntl\'fsi:l
... Scm NSi:l
... 3cm r;mg

l~Lfi~TiltrueJunY
u
s = 3 x 8 = 24cm 2 '1
A
;]·:···················...
8------~
l~~~L~tfilrul S = ~(3x = 12cm
2
'1 B

188
 muntffttj91: ttl'i:flS ABDF th'UHbl59J A JOcm B
II

Lfi1Ytl:1ru'i:flS AB = lOcm , BD = 7cm

fi. " x '1

t:Hl.fl SHH'H
""
" ""
~. ~nt~U'i!ffl'[!Hfil n.n AFG
ocrJw:IN

&tlQlS FDxAE = DBxAC (t~Lfi!ff!LtHru~LfilY ABDF)

lOxx = 7x9

X = 7X9 = 63

" ""'
~. ~nt~Lfif{JllJHfilM AFG

t~1Jif{Jlt!hmn.n AGF u~sl:l 3.15cm '1

2
dht1tltun
FE= FD-ED = 10-8 = 2cm

t~LnijliJhmn.n AFG = t~Ln!ff!L~&mn.n AFE- t~Ln~L~tmn.n AGE

1
=
2FExAE-3.l5
= 2l X 2 X 6.3 - 3.15
2
= 3.!5cm

~titS:! t~1Jif{JlUHfi1M AFG

" 0
& = 3.1 '1

muntittj92 : tlMSlt~Ln~

= 5xl4+5xl4+5xl4

= 3(5xl4)= 3x70= 21

l3
 : ABCD dlTIHru9J1.fll"dtf.Hl5
u
'i:ll8 AB = 9cm, AD= 6cm S~ BK = 8cm '1
~Hlll £fl :

ts~tffHl.flt~~dltutrulilJLffl"d '1 ~msg ~~Uiltflts~~:mrult~RruHh~ru s= bh '1

u
a ':l> ~ C1 n • u
'i5 t s g t?inffits?l ru1 m t~tn~trts~ &m ru1 t ~ t~ rut'iY»~ R1J~m hltlm s tr:a '1
u

1
'i5 ir1 m
U'l "
ms = xd '

~~Lf'iltflu~tfflrult ABCD = t~tnltJl

fflrul ABD+ t~Uiltfltfltfflrul BDC '1
l 1
sA seD =
1Ao x BD + 1co x BD D
= !BD(AO + OC)
2
1 1 xd'
xAC =

!:!UtS g S
u
= xd'
B

G%1J~1Yt~~ l3cm s~ 14cm '1 ?irul£fl~~

u
tSuRtfflrul&f\.HS"Jg
'> ""
'1
1 ""

'i:ll ::::n~~G%'Hi'~~irl l3cm s~ 14cm

n Li &
u
0 l 1 2
firul6'Hi:!lli5 S
•
= xd" =-X 13 X 14 = 9lcm cl
2

90
 ~-, 1f x (.q + q)T = s rn t.m
l.9 ? "' I .11 ':1~'> Ill r/
~uu¥ Lf ~fl.Ytl~ ,q' q ~Ltlnllfl.!2UHUf:l~rnwuuwHHlU6Y1Pt: BnCJ~~,

l.9 l.9 l.9

h ~ fl.Y lP !JS!.:l h ru gy LP!JJ13 h ~ s:!.Y LP !JS!.l

!2l!l LP!JS!.:l [.JGl ' Y Ul lP !JS!.l [.JG] ' [8Vl

J~ f7a
8 v 8 3 v
b I l.9 ,_..
!;fi.Effi W lJU lY l !2BSlPJ EY !;fS Yl!l nrn..1H1lJ : jQUU!lJlli3~
~I ~ I

1"1
Nil u u 6l
h s erunmnEru f:l ~l.lUru ~ s
' C,. d!;P ~ I 0

"- 'l f'\1 "' I

W Wlfi+..,E~:J ru l.Yl l.Pffi W l.lU U:!l!2B!:Jffi
11 11 "" ll "' "'
SSBffiE~.Q.t!::1!:J~ h Wt{ltlYUl!;flUffil..A.B
0 I :ib 0

b I l.9
l.PffiWl.lUlY:I!2BSHYSl..!::l h YUJLP!JS!.l
I "'
"' :J I "' :I
LY.Q.PJ 1t U!;f!=l!.S L.A.ru ~3l.lU lY 3!2Bl.Pffi W
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th~C91: tfilMttlru'i:llSnl r bnm Sbn~ h bnrn&Slg'i:ll:HfflMRMshr:nru

v = jnih bnrni:fl::l '1

0 a 0 9e
W'i171titiJ111: ?iMS1'i:ll:2tfflM (run 1t"' 3.14)

i':ltsm~bhli
U II n
'1

= 8m
0 •
t Sl 8'i:fl2 t m n.n n n.n n &r:n ru

V = !nr
3
2
h = !3 x 2
3.14 x 3 x 8 = 75.36m
2
'1

225
 ffl'ij1J"""" .,
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2 2 "1': I
+6 = 10 Sl<1J h = "'100-36 = 8

ti1H1.fltl:Hli'i::112nl r = 6 S-t:lli'ijN h = 8 tSlgffi~

11
0. 12 1 2 !-.
tffHtnnniHH =fer wnffl'i::11~"'
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3 x3.14x6 x8= 301.4

'i'itnuff:
u ~
tln.flSl'i::11~tfiln.n(run n:z3.14 )tirsm::nht'ifil'ijtsg"'
u u G

n. 2.

';) ";) Ql I!J ¢~

r; n.n Sl t~'[J1~ tu~'li tSTIH r!Hl ttifi

~u::nh 'Lfil'ij '1

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2. = 12mm , w = 8mm , h = 13mm

tl. = 8dm , w = lldm , h = 19dm '1

2. r; n.n Sl l~lJi~ ::n-t:l ls(ri tuLfi~L~hf2 tti ru'l::11 s

~rs::nhtLfil'ij '1

n. a = 3cm ' b = 5cm c = 7cm , h = 10cm

2. a = 12mm , b = 7mm

c = 7mm , h = 15mm "'

226
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232
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u "' "' "' •• - li
1 : ~nmf~btsitrnfns9ii{hnru~ru tl::llrutlumfns9~mg't:fls'Hl1G'lf::lls
l.i u \.1 li c:t

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234
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w 1A ~

turfw:
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=
1

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I

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u

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235
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I I

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