International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering

Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)

FUZZY SPEED CONTROLLER DESIGN OF THREE PHASE

INDUCTION MOTOR
Divya Rai1,Swati Sharma2, Vijay Bhuria3
1,2
P.G.Student, 3 Assistant Professor Department of Electrical Engineering, Madhav institute of technology and
science,Gwalior.
1
divya_rai2007@rediffmail.com
2
Swatisharma.1987@yahoo.com
3
vijay_bhuria@yahoo.co.in
Abstract— The induction motor is without doubt the most
used electrical motor because of its unique characteristics.
Most of its applications need fast and intelligent speed control
system.This paper presents an intelligent and advanced speed
control based on fuzzy logic technique to achieve maximum
torque and efficiency.A rule based Mamdani type fuzzy logic
controller is applied to closed loop induction motor
model.Scalar control(volt-hertz) method is used for
controlling speed.A conventional controller is compared
practically to fuzzy logic controller using Matlab/Simulink Figure1.Fuzzy control system
software package.The simulation results show the superiority
of the fuzzy logic controller.
II. DYNAMIC MODEL OF INDUCTION MOTOR [3]
Keywords — fuzzylogic, Inductionmotor, scalarcontrol, The dynamic modeling of Induction Motor is done in
imulink, speed control. Simulink program of Matlab by utilizing its mathematical
equations which are shown below. We have used
I. INTRODUCTION synchronous frame of reference where:
The induction motor is considered since its discovery as
actuator privileged in the applications of constant speed,
and it has many advantages, such as low cost, high
efficiency, good self starting, its simplicity of design, the
absence of the collector brooms system, and a small inertia.
However, induction motor has disadvantages, such as
complex, nonlinear, and multivariable of mathematical
model of induction motor, and the induction motor is not
inherently capable of providing variable speed
operation.These limitations can be solved through the use
of smart motor controllers and adjustable speed controllers
[1]. Advanced control based on artificial intelligence
technique is called intelligent control[2]. The fuzzy logic
controller is the most efficient controller because of it’s
non-linearity handling features and it is independent of
plant model.
The technique to embody human-like thinking into a
control system is fuzzy control. A fuzzy controller can be
designed to emulate human deductive thinking, that is, the
process people use to infer conclusions from their
knowledge. Fuzzy control has been primarily applied to the
control of processes through linguistic descriptions. Fuzzy
logic control system consists of four blocks as shown in
Figure 1.[2]
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 International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
As the controller generates the slip speed ωsl signal that
is added with electrical speed that yields synchronous
speed ωs that is used in induction motor model with
synchronous reference frame and generate the voltage
command through Volts/HZ function to keep flux
constant.[4]

Figure2.Block diagram of scalar control system

B. Fuzzy-PI Controller
The fuzzy controller is basically an input/ output static
non-linear mapping, the controller action can be written in
the form [ 6 ]:
u = ke .e + k ce .ce
The Fuzzy-PI output is:
y = k p .u + ∫ k i .u
Where ke is the gain of the speed error, kce is the gain of
the change of speed error, kp is the proportional factor; ki
is the integral factor, e is the speed error, ce is the change
of speed error, u is the fuzzy output.

III. PROPOSED CONTROL SYSTEM

Due to poor dynamic performance in open-loop of
induction motor, scalar control technique has been used in
many applications to achieve high dynamic performance,
get tracking speed, and generate maximum torque of
induction motor.
A. Scalar Control
Figure3.Fuzzy PI control
Scalar control as the name indicates, is due to magnitude
variation of the control variables only, and disregards the
IV. FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER
coupling effect in the machine. Scalar control has been
widely used in industry, the fact that they are easy to FLC approach is very useful for induction motor speed
implement. The scalar control strategy is based on drives since no exact mathematical model of the induction
simplified volts/Hertz control scheme with stator frequency motor or the closed-loop system is required. FLC has a
regulation as shown in figure2. fixed set of control rules, usually derived from expert’s
knowledge.

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 International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
The membership function (MF) of the associated input
and output linguistic variables is generally predefined on a
common universe of discourse. For the successful design of
FLC’s proper selection of input and output scaling factors
(gains) or tuning of the other controller parameters are
crucial jobs, which in many cases are done through trial
and error to achieve the best possible control
performance[1]. The gains G1, G2, and G3 are scaling factors to adapt
The structure of FLC is shown in figure4. The structure the variables to the normalized scale. However, the
shows four functions,each one materialized by block : inference strategy is the mamdani algorithm, so the if-then
• A fuzzification interface, the fuzzy control initially rules for fuzzy scalar control for speed control will be
converts the crisp error and its rate of change in twenty five rules.
displacement into fuzzy variables; then they are mapped
into linguistic labels. Membership functions are defined
within the normalized range (-1, 1), and associated with
each label: NB (Negative Big), NS (Negative Small), ZE
(Zero), PS (Positive Small), and PB (Positive Big). Five
MFs are chosen for e(pu) and ce(pu) signals and five for
output. All the MFs are symmetrical for positive and
negative values of the variables. Thus, maximum 5х5 = 25 (a)
rules can be formed as tabulated in Table I.

(b)

Figure4. STRUCTURE OF FUZZY CONTROL

• A knowledge base (a set of If-Then rules), which contains

(c)
the definition of the fuzzy subsets, their membership
functions, their universe discourse and the whole of the
rules of inference to achieve good control.
• An inference mechanism (also called an “inference
engine” or “fuzzy inference” module), which is heart of a
fuzzy control, poses the capacity to feign the human
decisions and emulates the expert’s decision making in
interpreting and applying knowledge about how best to
control the plant.
• A defuzzification interface, which converts the
conclusions of the inference mechanism into actual inputs
for the process. In this work; Center Of Area (COA) is used
as a deffuzification method, which can be presented as: (d)
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Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
TABLE III
COMPARED WITH CONVENTIONAL SPEED CONTROL
APPLIED ON 3 PHASE,415V,3HP INDUCTION MOTOR(Drum
size d=.225m)

S Line Input W1 W2 Loa Loa Speed

. Voltage curren Input Inp dS1 d S2 Nr(in
N (in t(in ut RPM)
o volts) amper
es) (in
Kg)
(e) 1 360 1 360 40 0 0 1500
Figure5. (a,b)Inputs membership function, (c)Output membership
2 356 1.25 460 240 0 2 1460
function, (d) Rules view (e)Surface view.
TABLE I 3 355 1.5 680 320 0 4 1455
RULES FOR FUZZY CONTROLLER
4 354 2 880 400 0 6 1436
Δe NB NS ZE PS PB
5 350 2.5 1040 520 0 8 1424
e O/P
6 344 3 1120 640 0 10 1414
NB NB NB NS NS ZE
7 340 3.5 1320 740 0 12 1400
NS NB NS NS ZE PS 8 335 4.2 1560 920 0 14 1385
ZE NS NS ZE PS PS
PS NS ZE PS PB PB
MODEL OF INDUCTION MOTOR IN SIMULINK [6]
PB ZE PS PS PB PB

TABLE II
.PARAMETERS OF INDUCTION MACHINE[5]

Parameters Symbols Values units

Shaft power P 2.2 kw

Number of pole pairs P 2
Stator resistance Rs 2.4 Ω
Rotor resistance Rr 1.452 Ω
Figure6. Fuzzy scalar speed control of induction motor in
Total leakage factor σ 0.136 Matlab/simulink

V. SIMULATION RESULTS
Mutual inductance M 0.1 H
Simulation results have been realized under
Stator(rotor) self inductance Ls=Lr 0.121 H Matlab/Simulink environment. A simullink model is
carried out to realize induction motor equations using
Inertia moment J 0.013 SI
parameters in Table II. Figure6. shows the implementation
Viscous friction coefficient f 0.002 SI of fuzzy controller for scalar control.

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 International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2012)
VI. CONCLUSIONS
Fuzzy logic controller shows fast control response with
induction motor.This controller gives maximum torque
over the entire speed range.Linguistic rules control the
speed.This speed controller shows fast response,smooth
performance and high dynamic response with changing and
transient conditions.
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