Nguyên tắc hình thành danh pháp thông thường của aldehyde, acid, các dẫn xuất của

acid và các gốc của acid thông dụng

Dùng
Aldehyde Acid
Amide Muối/ester Gốc acyl như
(RCO-H) (RCO-OH)
CTCT Gốc từ (RCO-NH2) (RCO-O-) (RCO-|) mạch
STT (QT: aldehyde đứng sau) (QT: acid đứng sau)
(R-CO-|) (R-CO-|) chính
"Aldehyde" + "Gốc "Gốc từ" + "Acid" + "Gốc từ" + "Gốc từ" + "Gốc từ" + "Gốc từ" +
(X)
từ" + "ic" "aldehyde" "ic" "amide" "ate" "yl"
1 HCO- Form- Aldehyde Formic Formaldehyde Acid Formic Formamide Formate Formyl
2 CH3CO- Acet- Aldehyde Acetic Acetaldehyde Acid Acetic Acetamide Acetate Acetyl X
3 CH3CH2CO- Propion- Aldehyde Propionic Propionaldehyde Acid Propionic Propionamide Propionate Propionyl X
4 CH3(CH2)2CO- Butyr- Aldehyde Butyric Butyraldehyde Acid Butyric Butyramide Butyrate Butyryl X
5 CH3(CH2)3CO- Valer- Aldehyde Valeric Valeraldehyde Acid Valeric Valeramide Valerate Valeryl X
6 (CH3)2CHCH2CO- Isovalr- Aldehyde Isovalric Isovaleraldehyde Acid Isovaleric Isovaleramide Isovalerate Isovaleryl
7 CH3(CH2)4CO- Capro- Aldehyde Caproic Caproaldehyde Acid Caproic Caproamide Caproate Caproyl X
8 C15H31CO- Palmit- Aldehyde Palmitic Palmitaldehyde Acid Palmitic Palmitamide Palmitate Palmityl X
9 C17H35CO- Stear- Aldehyde Stearic Stearaldehyde Acid Stearic Stearamide Stearate Stearyl X
10 C17H33CO- Ole- Aldehyde Oleic Olealdehyde Acid Oleic Oleamide Oleate Oleyl X
11 C17H31CO- Linole- Aldehyde Linoleic Linolealdehyde Acid Linoleic Linoleamide Linoleate Linoleyl X

12 Oxal- Aldehyde Oxalic Oxalaldehyde Acid Oxalic Oxalamide Oxalate Oxalyl

X
13 Malon- Aldehyde Malonic Malonaldehyde Acid Malonic Malonamide Malonate Malonyl

Succinamide X
14 Succin- Aldehyde Succinic Succinaldehyde Acid Succinic ≠ succinimide Succinate Succinyl

X
15 Glutar- Aldehyde Glutaric Glutaraldehyde Acid Glutaric Glutaramide Glutarate Glutaryl

X
16 Adip(o)- Aldehyde Adipic Adipaldehyde Acid Adipic Adipamide Adipate Adip(o)yl

X
17 Acryl(o)- Aldehyde Acrylic Acrylaldehyde Acid Acrylic Acrylamide Acrylate Acryloyl

18 Methacryl(o)- Aldehyde Methacrylic Methacrylaldehyde Acid Methacrylic Methacrylamide Methacrylate Methacryl(o)yl

19 Croton- Aldehyde Crotonic Crotonaldehyde Acid Crotonic Crotonamide Crotonate Crotonyl

20 Pyruv- Aldehyde Pyruvic Pyruvaldehyde Acid Pyruvic Pyruvamide Pyruvate Pyruvyl

Maleamide
21 Male- Aldehyde Maleic Malealdehyde Acid Maleic ≠ maleimide Maleate Maleyl

22 Fumar- Aldehyde Fumaric Fumaraldehyde Acid Fumaric Fumaramide Fumarate Fumaryl

X
23 Benz(o)- Aldehyde Benzoic Benzaldehyde Acid Benzoic Benzamide Benzoate Benzoyl

(o-, m-, p-) (o-, m-, p-) (o-, m-, p-) (o-, m-, p-) (o-, m-, p-)
24 Tolu- Aldehyde o-Toluic Tolualdehyde Acid o-Toluic Toluamide Toluate Toluyl

25 Salicyl(o)- Aldehyde Salicylic Salicylaldehyde Acid Salicylic Salicylamide Salicylate Salicyloyl

Phthalamide
26 Phthal(o)- Aldehyde Phthalic Phthalaldehyde Acid Phthalic ≠ phthalimide Phthalate Phthaloyl

27 Isophthal(o)- Aldehyde Isophthalic Isophthalaldehyde Acid Isophthalic Isophthalamide Isophthalate Isophthaloyl

28 Terephthal(o)- Aldehyde Terephthalic Terephthalaldehyde Acid Terephthalic Terephthalamide Terephthalate Terephthaloyl

29 Cinnam- Aldehyde Cinnamic Cinnamaldehyde Acid Cinnamic Cinnamamide Cinnamate Cinnamyl