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    18 views17 pages

    Scan006 PDF

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    jageshwari

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17
    CHAPTER |! Other forms of construction II.1. Introduction A number of major research studies have been conducted to investigate the fire resistance of various forms of integrated steel construction where adequate fire protection to the steelwork is provided by existing structural components so that there is no need for extra fire protection, EN 1994-1-2 contains a number of such systems, for example partially encased universal beams and columns, concrete-filled tubular columns, where concrete acts both as part of the structural load-bearing system as well as providing fire protection to the steel However, a number of such forms of construction is not included in EN 1994-1-2 and this chapter provides a description of the following systems: slim floor beams, shelf angle beams and blocked infilled columns. 11.2. Slim floor beams A slim floor beam is manufactured by welding a wide steel plate to the bottom flange of a universal column section. The concrete/composite slab is supported on this additional plate. Figure 11.1(a) provides an illustration of this system, The Corus asymmetric steel beam (ASB) system is similar to the slim floor beam system, the difference being that an ASB section is rolled as one and no additional welding is necessary (Fig. 11.1(b)). In both systems, concrete surrounds the upper flange and web of the steel beam and only the lower flange is exposed to fire. Thus, there is a significant residual strength in the steel beam, Results from the standard fire resistance tests indicate that this form of construction can achieve a standard fire resistance rating of 60 min without fire protection, 11.3. Shelf angle beams A shelf angle beam is manufactured by welding a pair of steel angle sections on both sides of the web of a universal beam section. The function of these angle sections is to support the concrete floor slabs. Figure 11.2 provides an illustration of this form of construction. Under fire conditions, only the lower flange and the lower web are exposed to fire. The Upper flange and the upper web are protected by the concrete floor slabs. The steel angles can also contribute to the fire resistance of the system. Results of the standard fire resistance tests suggest that this form of construction can achieve at least 30min of standard fire resistance without fire protection, The standard fire resistance calculation for this form of construction is given in Appendix E of the British Standard BS 5950 Part 8.'° This calculation method is based on plastic analysis of the steel section and the contribution of the concrete slabs is ignored. To ensure fire protection of the steel section by the concrete slabs, the construction details in Section E.1 of BS 5950 Part § should be observed. DESIGNERS’ GUIDE TO EN 1991-1-2, 1992-1-2, 1993-1-2 AND 1994-1-2 ‘Serecd Concrete oor stab Cy) © 11.1, (a) Slim floor beam and (b) asymmetric beam Appendix E of BS 5950 Part 8 contains an approximate calculation method to determine the temperatures in the steel section including the steel angles under the standard fire condi- tion. This method is presented below. In this method, the steel section is divided into seven blocks as shown in Fig. 11.3. Block | is the lower flange, Its temperature may be calculated using equation (4.1) and the section factor of the unprotected lower flange given by: An _ 2(Be+ te) 2 dD VO Bae Gy where is the thickness of the lower flange. 1.2. Cross-section of shelf angle beam CHAPTER 11. OTHER FORMS OF CONSTRUCTION Block 7, Tr al Blocks 4, Sand 6 finn Fig 11.4 tt Tercck3, rs CConerete sab a Block 2 Te do} De Bloc 1.75 11.3. Temperature blocks for shelf angle beams Fi Block 2 is the lower web of the steel section. An analysis of the standard fire resistance test results indicates that the temperature in block 2 is directly related to the lower flange tem- perature, being slightly modified by the rate of heat conduction to the concrete slab. The rate of heat conduction to the concrete slab is represented by the exposed steel web depth to flange width ratio (D./B). Table 11.1 gives temperatures in the lower web of the steel section, In Table 11.1, 7} is the temperature of the lower flange of the steel section. Block 3 is the exposed leg of the angle section. Its temperature is a function of the aspect ratio and is given in Table 11.2 The exact locations of blocks 4, 5 and 6 depend on the location of the 300°C line. If the steel temperature is below 300°C, it is assumed to retain its full strength. Figure 11.4 illustrates the two possible locations of the 300°C temperature line and the definition of the three blocks. Table 11.1. Temperature of the exposed web (block 2 in Fig, 11.3) of a shelf angle beam Exposed web temperature for fire resistance period of Aspect ratio 30min 60min 90 min D/B< 06 7-90 1-60 06

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