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kettle [ketl] n.

A kettle is a large metal pot used for boiling liquids or cooking food.
—» The soup was being cooked in a large kettle.

ministry [lYiinistri] n.
A ministry is a government department.
-» The M inistry o f Trade is responsible for taxing imports and exports.

ordeal [ordi:sl] n.
An ordeal is a bad experience.
-» Driving in the snowstorm was an ordeal she’d never forget.

outspoken [autspoukken] adj.

If someone is outspoken, then they are not afraid to say what they think.
—» She was an outspoken critic about the new banking laws.

overwork [ouvarwa.rk] v.
To overwork someone means to make them tired with too much work.
—* After working for three weeks with only one day o f rest, Judy was overworked.

particular [partikjalar] adj.

If something is particular, then it is a single, important part of a group of things.
-» The dress shop d idn’t have the particular dress she was looking for.

pungent [pAnd3S>nt] adj.

If something is pungent, then it tastes or smells strong and sharp.
—►The garlic made the soup taste so pungent that the chef wouldn’t serve it.

snore [snor]
To snore means to make a loud noise each time a sleeping person breathes.
-* It was impossible to get to sleep because my husband snored.

soundly [saundli] adv.

If something is done soundly, then it is done in the best or most complete way.
-> The nearest opponent was ten meters behind. She won the race soundly.

superintendent [su perintendent] n.

A superintendent is a person who runs a certain department or building.
-> The superintendent decided to close the schools because o f the weather.

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Exercise 1

Choose the one that is opposite in meaning to the given word.

1. din
a. home b. supper c. silence d. ghost
2. outspoken
a. quiet b. little c. inside d. bright
3. pungent
a. hurt b. mild c. kind d. young
4. civic
a. swollen b. happy c. private d. mature
5. descent
a. climb b. odor c. plate d. bill
6. attic
a. mouse b. square c. number d. cellar
7. fuss
a. complaint b. calm c. argument d. commerce
8. dissatisfy
a. cleanse b. leap c. trim d. please
9. overwork
a. relax b. understand c. select d. repair
10. chunk
a. bridge b. song c. whole d. lamp

Exercise 2

Choose the one that is similar in meaning to the given word.

1. intrinsic
a. logical b. natural c. usable d. fragile
2. ministry
a. porch b. coast c. agency d. bush
3. snore
a. grunt b. fly c. rain d. call
4. kettle
a. cup b. bucket c. pot d. pan
5. superintendent
a. diner b. manager c. sunrise d. beginning
6. gourmet
a. delicious b. comfortable c. legitimate d. pleasant
7. soundly
a. slowly b. totally c. loudly d. briefly
8. hence
a. also b. instead c. still d. thus
9. ordeal
a. problem b. direction c. bargain d. request
10. particular
a. moody b. beaten c. exact d. secret

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Write a word that is similar in meaning to the underlined part.
1. The movement downward from the mountain was because it had started to rain.

2. The berries were not ripe when he tried them. Their taste was extremely sharp and strong.

3. A thick, solid piece of dirt was stuck underneath the wagon’s tire.

4. Please share your suggestions with the department leader so she can address them.

5. After toiling for hours in the hot sun, the prisoners were tired from too much work.

6. For her birthday, her boyfriend took her out for a fancy and expensive dinner.

7. The room just below the roof is on the third floor of the house.

8. She was respected by many because she was not afraid to say what she thought.

9. He always dreamed of getting a job with one of the departments of government.

10. Getting lost in the desert would have been quite an awful experience.

Exercise 4
Write Cif the italicized word is used correctly. Write I if the word is used incorrectly.
1. The caffeine in the tea gave him more energy. Hence, he was more alert.

2. Mom, something smells good in the kitchen. I can’t wait for din.

3. The cat waited outside the door and made a fuss until someone let her inside the
house.

4. See that politician over there? He works in the Ministry of Truth.

5. The need to protect one’s family is an intrinsic quality found in many animals.

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