The Brainstem and Reticular Formation

Brain stem

- is the part of the brain between the spinal cord and the diencephalon

- it consists of three structures

(1) Medulla Oblongata

(2) Pons

(3) Midbrain

Medulla Oblongata (Medulla)

-is continuous with the superior part of the spinal cord and contains both sensory and motor
tracts

- it forms the inferior part of the brain stem

- it begins from the foramen magnum and extends to the inferior border of the pons

- contains several nuclei that control vital body functions

 Cardiovascular center: regulates the rate and force of the heartbeat and the
diameter of blood vessels
 Medullary respiratory center: adjusts the basic rhythm of breathing