Tunneling is one of the main streams of civil engineering that has experienced vast

changes over the time and even today the development of tunneling technology makes

it increasingly powerful and become the state of art. The tunnel excavation, primary

and final lining installation with various load conditions involves many

interdisciplinary departments like geotechnical and structural engineering;

construction of tunnel is a complex process which involves of soil-structure

interaction and highly influenced by the soil/rock nature, lining installation and the

excavation process. The soil / rock medium and the lining element would face the

continuous changing of their stress & deformations during tunneling construction

which have the major impact on the soil / rock & lining behavior.

A surface and underground metro is the one of the divisions of the railway transport

in an urban/rural city with a huge capacity, frequency and the separate division from

other transport scheme. surface & underground metro are widely used in cities, rural /

urban areas and metropolitan areas to transport mass peoples from one to place to

another in an convenient and luxury way. An underground metro is most preferable

type of metro system due to easily construction with lesser period and without any

construction difficulty.

Tunnel construction by TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) has become a most preferred

method of construction. This modern technology controls all the works in to

underground to construct the tunnel to keep the minimum disturbance to surface,

nature, environment and human activities at surface level to a least disturbance

throughout the period of tunnel construction. In cities where tunneling can create a

possible impact on the aboveground buildings in terms of settlements, tilting and

1 
 
deflection, mechanized tunneling with closed/open shield is a state of art technique

will able to ensure stability and control the settlements are within the limit.

tunnel excavation by means of Mechanized method is a notable tunnel construction

method are more competitive with respect to traditional method (drilling, blasting)

since it allows almost all the excavation stages and the tunnel lining erection, many

gratitude to the Tunnel Boring Machine that, with the support of most advantageous

and latest automation, control and monitoring systems, that one can easily achieve the

excavation and ring installment of few meters per day in various geological and

hydrogeological conditions.

Tunneling is one of the main streams of civil engineering that has experienced vast

changes over the time and even today the development of tunneling technology makes

it increasingly powerful and become the state of art. The tunnel excavation, primary

and final lining installation with various load conditions involves many

interdisciplinary departments like geotechnical and structural engineering;

construction of tunnel is a complex process which involves of soil-structure

interaction and highly influenced by the soil/rock nature, lining installation and the

excavation process. The soil / rock medium and the lining element would face the

continuous changing of their stress & deformations during tunneling construction

which have the major impact on the soil / rock & lining behavior.

A surface and underground metro is the one of the divisions of the railway transport

in an urban/rural city with a huge capacity, frequency and the separate division from

other transport scheme. surface & underground metro are widely used in cities, rural /

urban areas and metropolitan areas to transport mass peoples from one to place to

another in an convenient and luxury way. An underground metro is most preferable

2 
 
type of metro system due to easily construction with lesser period and without any

construction difficulty.

Tunnel construction by TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) has become a most preferred

method of construction. This modern technology controls all the works in to

underground to construct the tunnel to keep the minimum disturbance to surface,

nature, environment and human activities at surface level to a least disturbance

throughout the period of tunnel construction. In cities where tunneling can create a

possible impact on the aboveground buildings in terms of settlements, tilting and

deflection, mechanized tunneling with closed/open shield is a state of art technique

will able to ensure stability and control the settlements are within the limit.

tunnel excavation by means of Mechanized method is a notable tunnel construction

method are more competitive with respect to traditional method (drilling, blasting)

since it allows almost all the excavation stages and the tunnel lining erection, many

gratitude to the Tunnel Boring Machine that, with the support of most advantageous

and latest automation, control and monitoring systems, that one can easily achieve the

excavation and ring installment of few meters per day in various geological and

hydrogeological conditions

Tunneling is one of the main streams of civil engineering that has experienced vast

changes over the time and even today the development of tunneling technology makes

it increasingly powerful and become the state of art. The tunnel excavation, primary

and final lining installation with various load conditions involves many

interdisciplinary departments like geotechnical and structural engineering;

construction of tunnel is a complex process which involves of soil-structure

interaction and highly influenced by the soil/rock nature, lining installation and the

excavation process. The soil / rock medium and the lining element would face the

3 
 
continuous changing of their stress & deformations during tunneling construction

which have the major impact on the soil / rock & lining behavior.

A surface and underground metro is the one of the divisions of the railway transport

in an urban/rural city with a huge capacity, frequency and the separate division from

other transport scheme. surface & underground metro are widely used in cities, rural /

urban areas and metropolitan areas to transport mass peoples from one to place to

another in an convenient and luxury way. An underground metro is most preferable

type of metro system due to easily construction with lesser period and without any

construction difficulty.

Tunnel construction by TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) has become a most preferred

method of construction. This modern technology controls all the works in to

underground to construct the tunnel to keep the minimum disturbance to surface,

nature, environment and human activities at surface level to a least disturbance

throughout the period of tunnel construction. In cities where tunneling can create a

possible impact on the aboveground buildings in terms of settlements, tilting and

deflection, mechanized tunneling with closed/open shield is a state of art technique

will able to ensure stability and control the settlements are within the limit.

tunnel excavation by means of Mechanized method is a notable tunnel construction

method are more competitive with respect to traditional method (drilling, blasting)

since it allows almost all the excavation stages and the tunnel lining erection, many

gratitude to the Tunnel Boring Machine that, with the support of most advantageous

and latest automation, control and monitoring systems, that one can easily achieve the

excavation and ring installment of few meters per day in various geological and

hydrogeological conditions

4 
 
Tunneling is one of the main streams of civil engineering that has experienced vast

changes over the time and even today the development of tunneling technology makes

it increasingly powerful and become the state of art. The tunnel excavation, primary

and final lining installation with various load conditions involves many

interdisciplinary departments like geotechnical and structural engineering;

construction of tunnel is a complex process which involves of soil-structure

interaction and highly influenced by the soil/rock nature, lining installation and the

excavation process. The soil / rock medium and the lining element would face the

continuous changing of their stress & deformations during tunneling construction

which have the major impact on the soil / rock & lining behavior.

A surface and underground metro is the one of the divisions of the railway transport

in an urban/rural city with a huge capacity, frequency and the separate division from

other transport scheme. surface & underground metro are widely used in cities, rural /

urban areas and metropolitan areas to transport mass peoples from one to place to

another in an convenient and luxury way. An underground metro is most preferable

type of metro system due to easily construction with lesser period and without any

construction difficulty.

Tunnel construction by TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) has become a most preferred

method of construction. This modern technology controls all the works in to

underground to construct the tunnel to keep the minimum disturbance to surface,

nature, environment and human activities at surface level to a least disturbance

throughout the period of tunnel construction. In cities where tunneling can create a

possible impact on the aboveground buildings in terms of settlements, tilting and

deflection, mechanized tunneling with closed/open shield is a state of art technique

will able to ensure stability and control the settlements are within the limit.

5 
 
 tunnel excavation by means of Mechanized method is a notable tunnel construction

method are more competitive with respect to traditional method (drilling, blasting)

since it allows almost all the excavation stages and the tunnel lining erection, many

gratitude to the Tunnel Boring Machine that, with the support of most advantageous

and latest automation, control and monitoring systems, that one can easily achieve the

excavation and ring installment of few meters per day in various geological and

hydrogeological conditions

Tunneling is one of the main streams of civil engineering that has experienced vast

changes over the time and even today the development of tunneling technology makes

it increasingly powerful and become the state of art. The tunnel excavation, primary

and final lining installation with various load conditions involves many

interdisciplinary departments like geotechnical and structural engineering;

construction of tunnel is a complex process which involves of soil-structure

interaction and highly influenced by the soil/rock nature, lining installation and the

excavation process. The soil / rock medium and the lining element would face the

continuous changing of their stress & deformations during tunneling construction

which have the major impact on the soil / rock & lining behavior.

A surface and underground metro is the one of the divisions of the railway transport

in an urban/rural city with a huge capacity, frequency and the separate division from

other transport scheme. surface & underground metro are widely used in cities, rural /

urban areas and metropolitan areas to transport mass peoples from one to place to

another in an convenient and luxury way. An underground metro is most preferable

type of metro system due to easily construction with lesser period and without any

construction difficulty.

6