IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 4 | Issue 3 | September 2017

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s

Fiber
Korrapati Anil Kumar Dr. Shaik Yajdani
M. Tech. Student Associate Professor
Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Andhra University College of Engineering (A),
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

Ganta Shanmukha Rao

M. Tech. Student
Department of Civil Engineering
Andhra University College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract
The aggregates both fine and coarse are bonded together by the cement and mixed with water to form concrete. The concrete has
become so popular and indispensable because of its inherent in nature brought a revolution in applications of concrete. Concrete
has unlimited opportunities for innovative applications, design and construction techniques. Its great versality and relative economy
in filling wide range of needs has made it very competitive building material. In this present investigation workability, strength
properties of concrete with Recron 3s fiber in proportions of 0%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% is studied for M25 and M40 grade concrete
cubes, cylinders and prisms.Recron3s Fiber Reinforcement Systems can provide a solution to Recron 3s fibers are engineered
micro fibers with a unique "triangular" cross-section, used in secondary reinforcement of concrete. It complements structural steel
in enhancing concrete's resistance to shrinkage cracking and improves mechanical properties such as flexural/split tensile and
transverse strengths of concrete along with the desired improvement in abrasion and impact strengths. The Recron Polyester fibers
and Polypropylene fibers. The present investigation is to study the workability parameters of M25 and M40 grades of concrete
using slump cone test, Compaction factor test, and Vee-bee time test. For strength parameters, each grade of concrete for each
proportion, cubes, cylinders, prisms were casted for 7days, 28days, 56days and 91 days strength.
Keywords: Recron 3s, Split Tensile Strength, Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Concrete is the most widely used construction material in the world, which commonly consists of cement, aggregates and water.
It is the material, which is used more than any other man made material on the earth for construction works. Fiber-reinforced
concrete (FRC) “It is the concrete containing fibrous material which increases its structural integrity”. It contains short discrete
fibers that are uniformly distributed and randomly oriented. Fibers include steel fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers and natural
fibers-each of which lend varying properties to the concrete. In addition, the character of fiber-reinforced concrete changes with
varying concretes, fiber materials, geometries, distribution, orientation, and densities. We can use Fibers reinforced concrete to
control cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to drying shrinkage. They also reduce the permeability of concrete and thus reduce
bleeding of water. Some types of fibers produce greater impact-, abrasion-, and shatter-resistance in concrete. Generally fibers do
not increase the flexural strength of concrete, and so cannot replace moment-resisting or structural steel reinforcement. Indeed,
some fibers actually reduce the strength of concrete. An FRC sub-category named engineered cementations composite (ECC)
claims 500 times more resistance to cracking and 40 percent lighter than traditional concrete ECC claims it can sustain strain-
hardening up to several percent strain, resulting in a material ductility of at least two orders of magnitude higher when compared
to normal concrete or standard fiber-reinforced concrete. ECC also claims a unique cracking behavior. When loaded to beyond the
elastic range, ECC maintains crack width to below 100µm, even when deformed to several percent tensile strains. Field results
with ECC and the Michigan Department of Transportation resulted in early age cracking.
Recent studies performed on a high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete in a bridge deck found that adding fibers provided
residual strength and controlled cracking. There were fewer and narrower cracks in the FRC even though the FRC had more
shrinkage than the control. Residual strength is directly proportional to the fiber content.
Recron 3s is a state of art reinforcing material which is used to increase strength in a variety of applications like automotive
battery, paper, filtration fabrics, and asbestos cement sheets, cement based pre-cast products and for improving quality of
construction. A product of extensive R&D in Reliance industry limited (RIL) state-of-the-art Technology center.

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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Recron 3s Fiber Reinforcement Systems can provide a Solution to most of these problems
 Split tensile strength was increased by 2.5 times of conventional concrete
 Flexural strength was increased by 2.5 times of conventional concrete
 Reduction in Intrinsic Plastic& Drying shrinkage cracking.
 It controls Plastic settlement.
 It Improves the Post peak Ductility of Concrete.
 Increases Wet & Dry abrasion resistance
 Increase Impact/ Shatter resistance
 Reduces water percolation& concrete permeability
 Increases Toughness of Hardened concrete
 It Reduces Damaging effects due to freeze thaw cycles
 It Improves the Long term Durability of concrete.

II. MATERIALS

Ordinary Portland cement of 43 grade is used confirming to IS: 8112-1989. Crushed granite metal (graded) with 20 mm to a
proportion of 60% and 10 mm to a proportion of 40% is used as coarse aggregate which is tested according to IS: 2386-1963 Part
1 to VIII. River sand according to IS: 383-1970confirming to zone – II is used as fine aggregate. Recron 3s Fiber is used. It was
launched by Reliance Technology Centre for asbestos Cement Industry. Fosrocconplast SP 430 is used as admixture.
Table – 1
Properties of Coarse aggregate
S. No Property Value
1. Specific gravity 2.84
Bulk Density
2. Loose state 1551.02 kg/m3
Compacted state 1692.11 kg/m3
3. Water Absorption 0.90%
4. Flakiness Index 14.13%
5. Elongation Index 21.29%
6. Crushing value 21.33%
7. Impact Value 15.40%
8. Fineness Modulus 7.31
Table - 2
Properties of cement
S. No Property Value
1. Specific gravity 3.15
2. Fineness of cement 3.5%
3. Normal consistency 30%
i)Initial setting time 167min
4
ii)Final setting time 295min
Compressive Strength
3days 24.7 N/mm2
5.
7days 35.63 N/mm2
28 days 45.94 N/mm2
Table - 3
Properties of Fine aggregate (River sand)
S. No Property Value
1 Grading of sand Zone II as per IS383
2 Specific gravity 2.61
Bulk density
3 Loose state 1523.70kg/m3
Compacted state 1673.18kg/m3
4 Fineness modulus 2.49
5 Silt content 1%
6 Surface moisture 0.7%
7 Water absorption 1.52%
Table – 4
Properties of Recron 3s Fiber (As per supplier)
S. No Properties Value
1. Fiber type Polyester CT2424
2. Cut length 12mm

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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3. Effective Diameter 20-40 µ

4. Specific gravity 1.34-1.39
5. Melting point 250-265 Deg.c
6. Elongation 20-60%
7. Young’s modulus >5000 MPa
8. Alkaline stability Very good
9. Acid resistance Excellent
10 Dispersion Excellent

III. MIX DESIGN

The concrete mix design is a process of selecting the suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their most optimum
proportion which would produce, as economically as possible, concrete that satisfies a certain compressive strength and desired
workability. The mix design is done according to IS: 10262-2009. The mix proportions adopted for M25 grade concrete is
1:1.94:3.57 with water/cement ratio of 0.46 and cement content of 360 kg/m³. For M40 grade concrete the adopted mix proportion
is 1:1.51:2.98 with water/cement ratio of 0.38 and cement content of 430 kg/m³. A total of 4 mixes for each grade is adopted i.e.
for M25 grade of concrete with 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% adding of Recron 3s fiber and for M40 grade of concrete 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%
and 0.4% adding of Recron 3s fiber.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Workability in Terms of Slump

Slump study is conducted with and without admixture. It can be observed that as the percentage of Recron 3s fiber increases in
mix slump value decreases. Hence it can be concluded that with the increase in the fiber content workability decreases.

Fig. 1: Slump for M25 Grades of concrete

Table – 5
Workability in terms of slump cone test
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M25
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Slump (mm) 41 35 30 27
Admixture (%) 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5

Fig. 2: Slump for M40 Grades of concrete

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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Table - 6
Workability in terms of slump cone test
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M40
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Slump (mm) 43 38 33 25
Admixture (%) 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6

Workability in terms of Compaction Factor test

The workability of concrete measured from compaction factor test, as the percentage of Recron 3s fiber increases in mix the
compaction factor decreases. Hence it can be concluded that with the increases in the fiber content workability decreases.
Table - 7
Workability in terms of Compaction Factor test for M25 grade of concrete
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M25
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Compaction factor 0.84 0.83 0.81 0.80

Fig. 3: Compaction Factor for M25 Grades of concrete

Table - 8
Workability in terms of compaction factor for M40 grade of concrete
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M40
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Compaction factor 0.83 0.81 0.80 0.79

Fig. 4: Compaction Factor for M40 Grades of concrete

Workability interms of Vee-Bee time

The workability of the concrete is measured from Vee-Bee consistometer as the percentage of Recron 3s increases Vee-Bee time
increases so the workability decreases
Table – 9
Workability in terms of Vee-Bee time for M25 Grade of concrete.
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M25
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Vee-Bee time(seconds) 11.5 13.25 15.40 17.20

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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Fig. 5: Vee-Bee time for M25 Grade of concrete

Table - 10
Vee-Bee time for M40 Grade of concrete
S. No 1 2 3 4
Mix Design M40
% of Recron 3s fiber 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4
Vee-Bee time(seconds) 11.09 12.4 16.2 22

Fig. 6: Vee-Bee time for M40 grade of concrete (seconds)

Compressive Strength
Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M25 mix
From the graphs it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the compressive strength has increased over
plain concrete. For M25 Grade the compressive strength has increased for proportions of fiber 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% in the range
0%, 3.44%, 18.21%, 12.78% fiber the compressive strength has increased respectively. Hence the fiber can be taken as optimum
content at 0.3% addition of fiber.
Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M40 mix
From the graphs it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the compressive strength has increased over
plain concrete. M40 Grade the compressive strength has increased for proportions of fiber 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% in the range 0%,
2.93%, 10.60%, 6.40% fiber the compressive strength has increased respectively at 0.3% addition of fiber.
Table – 11
Compressive strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days strength 23.06 24.73 29.42 27.64
28days strength 32.55 33.67 38.48 36.71
56days strength 34.33 35.33 38.22 36.41
91days strength 36.42 38.45 40.89 38.84

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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Fig. 7: Compressive strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

Table – 12
Compressive strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days 33.89 36.33 39.92 38.74
28days 49.33 50.78 54.56 52.49
56days 52.94 56.22 58.77 56.89
91days 53.44 56.89 59.44 57.67

Fig. 8: Compressive strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

Split Tensile Strength

Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M25 mix
From the graphs it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the Split Tensile strength has increased over
plain concrete M25 Grade the Split Tensile Strength has increased 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% in the range 0%, 5.76%, 13.84%,
9.61% fiber the Split Tensile Strength has increased respectively.
Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M40 mix
From the graph it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the Split Tensile Strength has increased over
plain concrete. M40 the split Tensile strength has increased 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% in the range 0%, 19.21%, 43.77%, 25.62% fiber
the Split Tensile strength has increased respectively.
Table – 13
Split Tensile strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days 2.26 2.31 2.59 2.47
28days 2.60 2.75 2.96 2.85
56days 2.89 2.95 3.04 3.00
91days 3.00 3.14 3.24 3.18

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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Fig. 9: Split tensile strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

Table – 14
Split tensile strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days 2.68 2.82 2.99 2.94
28days 2.81 3.35 4.04 3.53
56days 3.35 3.78 4.34 3.87
91days 4.10 4.21 4.44 4.24

Fig. 10: Split tensile strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

Flexural Strength
Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M25 mix
From the graphs it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the Flexural strength has increased over plain
concrete. M25 Grade the flexural strength has increased 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% in the range 0%, 7.70%, 13.04%, 9.88% fiber
the flexural strength has increased respectively.
Effect of addition of Recron 3s fiber for M40 mix
From the graphs it can be observed that with the increase in the percentage of fiber, the flexural strength has increased over plain
concrete. M40 Grade the flexural strength has increased by 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% in the range 0%, 5.68%, 23.30%, 11.55% fiber
the Flexural strength has increased respectively.
Table - 15
Flexural strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days 5.06 5.45 5.61 5.56
28days 5.06 5.45 5.72 5.56
56days 5.33 5.37 6.27 5.96
91days 5.37 5.90 6.30 6.01

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Fig. 11: Flexural strength for M25 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

Table – 16
Flexural strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)
% of Recron 3s Fiber
Mix ID
`0 0.2 0.3 0.4
7days 5.21 5.68 6.66 6.15
28days 5.45 5.76 6.72 6.08
56days 6.03 6.15 6.80 6.43
91days 6.23 6.79 7.35 6.83

Fig. 12: Flexural strength for M40 grade of concrete (N/mm2)

V. CONCLUSIONS

Results were analyzed to derive useful conclusions regarding the strength characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) for
M25 and M40 concrete has been used as reference mix. The following conclusions may be drawn from the study on strength
characteristics of fiber reinforced concrete properties.
 The Workability of concrete measured from slump cone test, as the percentage of Recron 3s fiber increases in mix slump value
decrease. Hence it can be concluded that with the increase in the fiber content workability decreases.
 The workability of concrete measured from compaction factor test, as the percentage of Recron 3s fiber increases in mix the
compaction factor decreases. Hence it can be concluded that with the increases in the fiber content workability decreases.
 From the experimental results, the optimum percentage recommended is 0.3% Recron 3s fiber for achieving maximum benefits
in compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength for the characteristics of Recron 3s fiber reinforced
concrete.
 The compressive strength of M25 concrete at 28 days increased with the addition of Recron 3s fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that of plain concrete. The percentage increase for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% range in the
0%, 3.44%, 18.21%, and 12.78% over plain mix. The maximum percentage increases in 18.21% at 0.3% addition of Recron
3s fiber.
 The compressive strength of M40 concrete at 28 days increased with the addition of Recron 3s fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that plain concrete. The percentage increases for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% ranges in the
0%, 2.93%, 10.60%, and 6.40% over plain mix. The maximum percentage increases in 10.60% at 0.3% addition of Recron 3s
fiber.

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 Study on Properties of Concrete using Recron 3s Fiber
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 The split Tensile strength of M25 concrete at 28 days increased with the addition of Recron fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that of plain concrete. The percentage increase for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% ranges in
0%, 5.76%, 13.84%, and 9.61%. The maximum percentage increases in 13.84% at 0.3% addition of Recron 3s fiber.
 The split Tensile strength of M40 concrete at 28days increased with the addition of Recron 3s fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that of plain concrete. The percentage increase for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% ranges in
0%, 8.18%, 43.77%, and 25.62%. The maximum percentage increases in 43.77% at0.3%addition of Recron 3s fiber.
 The flexural strength of M25 concrete at 28 days increased with the addition of Recron 3s fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that of plain concrete. The percentage increase for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% ranges in
0%,7.70%,13.04%, and 9.88%. The maximum percentage increases in13.04% at 0.3% addition of Recron 3s fiber
 The flexural strength of M40 concrete at 28 days increased with the addition of Recron 3s fiber up to 0.3% level when
compared to that of plain concrete. The percentage increase for Recron 3s fiber mixing in 0%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% ranges in
0%, 5.68%, 23.30%, and 11.55%. The maximum percentage increases in 23.30% at 0.3% addition of Recron 3s fiber.

REFERENCES
[1] Adhoc, “Fiber reinforced cement and concrete” International Journal of Engineering Research and application (IERA), Vol.1, No.3, pp 68-78,(2013).
[2] AS 3972 General purpose and blended cements. Standards Australia, Sydney 2010
[3] Balaguru and Kurtz, “Experimental study on post crack behavior of FRC” International journal of advanced Engineering Technology, Vol.2, pp 78-96,(2000).
[4] Balvirsingh and jaspalsingh “Experimental study on recron 3s fiber”, International journal, Vol.2,pp-263-273,(2005)
[5] Beranad: “Experimental study on creep behavior of cracked FRC”, International journal, Vol.1,pp 45-65(2004).

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