Capitan nas! 2, Engl Bestar 08 one ISBN 0-19-723016-X Editorial/production supervision and interior design by A. G. Roney © 1982 by Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J. 07632 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America 098765432 ZSBN 0-13-723015-x PRentice-HALz INTERNATIONAL, INC., London Pagnrice-Hau. oF Austmatia Pry. Lnarrep, Sydney Pauenticy-Ha or Canana, Lip., Toronto ‘Prentice-Hai or Inpia Private Loarrep, New Delhi Prrwrice-Hauz. or Japan, Inc., Tokyo Pugwrice-Hauz or Sournzast Asia Pre. Lrp., Singapore WurrHatt Booxs Lnarren, Wellington, New ZealandObjectives of the Course: This is a course in essay writing, which implies that the students must master certain skills that will enable them to write competent university essays. The students must understand and be able to produce the techniques by which writers communicate. At the end of the course, the students should be able to demonstrate a command of the following skills: Prewriting: The obligation is to think before writing ‘a subject that reflects genuine interest and understanding. a Narrow the subject so it can be adequately covered within the limits of the assignment. C. Write a thesis comprised of topic, opinion or intent, and controlling ideas. S ization: American iversit is its must Se Organize Their eataya clearly and straightforwardly, begin and end the Baper thoughtfully, and make relationships between ideas clear. ‘Move smoothly from one paragraph to another. .3._Support: The students must prove the validity of their ideas to potential sealers, 50 they must learn to: “A. Support general statements with specific details, and be able to differ- entiate between general and specific. 1 THE FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING >B. Use evidence—examples, facts, personal experience, physical desctiption —in developing ideas. 4. Grammar and mechanics: The students must be able to: Use language with precision. B. Avoid common errors of grammar and usage. C. Strengthen writing through revision. The Audience son ty) Onder Yo communicate wi CON By aie nerdar ans sehecty must be 2 Two esgential rules for this course are S Write about what you ite ER eye etor an audiences The audience is an essentig’gbncept for all writers. Writers choose their ¢nting material (diction, sentence structure, subjects their methods of pfeg organizatil id to y 1 read the finished product. In this clash tye @ud%ence/will be your peers as well as your teacher. In audience, to write paragraphs and essays that 1. Specific 2. Precise 3. Able to demonstrate what you state In addition, you must decide who you are because your attitude will affect your presentation to your audience. Below are examples of possible audiences and writers: Possible Audiences 1, Anelementary school class 2. A professor of microbiology 3. A roommate 4. Aclassmate Possible Writers 1. Anelementary school teacher. 2. A graduate student in microbiology __-3,_An author of romantic novels 4. A first-year college student ina history class If, for example, you are asked to write a paragraph on the subject “How I Spent Last Saturday,” your selection process, your focus, will be different if you ‘write : —— onal 1. A letter to your grandmother ‘THE FUNDAMENTALS OF WRITING