Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EDITORIAL
doi:10.1111/comt.12004
guidance to potential authors even before they submit, in order to better ori-
ent them toward a successful submission to Communication Theory. It is not
my intention to repeat all the good advice and many useful recommendations
provided by numerous introductions to academic writing and rhetoric. Of these
I believe Alison Alexander and James Potter’s (2001) collection How to Publish
Your Communication Research to be a must-read for potential authors, especially
Judee Burgoon’s chapter on The Challenge of Writing the Theoretical Essay. Of
course, another good source of orientation is a look into recent issues of the
journal.
Before I start, a brief note of caution is in order. My recommendations are not
meant to impose undue limits on the range and diversity of theories, paradigms,
epistemologies and methodologies that all clearly have their place in Communication
Theory. The editorial scope of this journal as formulated by Robert T. Craig (1991),
the founding editor of this journal, more than 20 years later still remains to be the
major guiding framework: to publish the best work on topics of broad theoretical
interest from across the whole range of communication studies, epistemologies, and
methodological approaches, which make a significant contribution to Communication
Theory.
Yet within the boundaries of this general framework I think that we especially
need to promote innovative and truly original ways of theorizing, the writing of
which can be a risky business. As I argued in my first editorial for this journal,
originality of theoretical and conceptual thinking is the lifeblood of this journal, and
it may well be one of its unique selling propositions. We all know that routinized
editorial procedures based on peer review tend to favor conventional ways of thinking
over unconventional ideas, as these connect more easily with existing avenues of
research. Unfortunately, such academic streamlining can lead to a marginalization of
alternative ideas and, ultimately, to theoretical stagnation. Paradigm shifts, however,
sometimes need moments of ‘‘revolutionary science’’ to unlock periods of ‘‘normal
science,’’ as argued by Thomas Kuhn long ago in 1962.
In the following I will provide a detailed account of recommendations that
emerged from my experience as editor for this journal and which I gathered in
conversations with my fellow editors and distinguished members of the Editorial
Board. A summary of these recommendations is provided in the form of a ‘‘checklist’’
at the end of this editorial.
lack of theory is not a justification in itself. Authors need to explain why they think
that further theorizing is needed, and they need to tell the reader why they think it is
relevant.
In this context it is extremely important to be as explicit as possible about the
article’s objective and scope—and using the introduction to do so is certainly a good
idea. Authors need to stake out their intellectual territory, a process that Potter (2001,
p. 14) aptly describes as ‘‘setting the perimeter.’’ Many reviewers turn articles down
when they miss a clear statement of purpose, and when they are uncertain about what
the authors are actually trying to achieve. Furthermore, the manuscript’s title should
already reveal the goal of the article. It is therefore advisable to clearly state the article’s
purpose and objectives early on, in order to give the reader an immediate sense of
what she or he can expect to gain from reading the article. Such a statement of purpose
serves as a guide, or lens, through which the author helps readers see the theory
contribution, and it is an opportunity for the author to frame the argument. Equally
important is to set clear boundaries by disclaiming the—potentially relevant—areas
that will not be discussed in the manuscript. Such a qualification helps avoid unwanted
expectations that the article does not intend to address.
on the phenomenon under scrutiny. A good literature review helps make a strong
case for the need of theory development (see above). It situates the proposed
theory intervention within established domains and traditions of theorizing. Many
authors fail to compellingly demonstrate how their work belongs to the discipline
of communication. As trivial as it may sound, for a submission to successfully pass
the editorial screening stage and ultimately move into peer review, it is essential to
engage the relevant literatures in the field of communication.
A well-crafted literature review does not just summarize related works one
after another; it reviews the literature in an analytic and critical manner. Ide-
ally, it synthesizes extant literatures into an analytic structure that is more than
the sum of its parts. It is a structure that helps the author identify meaningful
points of departure, and that ultimately leads into carefully formulated propositions.
That said, authors need to keep in mind that Communication Theory emphasizes
original work. While a solid literature review is undeniably essential for the suc-
cess of a manuscript, it should not become the focus of the article. This place
should be reserved for the author’s own original contribution to communication
theory.
Contributing to theory
Successful submissions to this journal make a clear, original, innovative, and
identifiable contribution to Communication Theory. Articles should make a rea-
sonable theory intervention and offer original insight for theorizing communication
phenomena. This contribution should be evident for the audience, and not the
outcome of readers’ personal detective work. Granted, any ostentatious praise of
one’s own theory contribution will almost inevitably have adverse consequences,
but undue modesty can be equally detrimental. Authors need to orient read-
ers; they should make explicit where exactly they see their contribution to the
literature.
Remember, editors and reviewers are particularly alert readers; they always ask
(and they are encouraged to do so): Is this really new? One of the most common
reasons for rejecting manuscripts is a lack of originality. Authors need to demonstrate
clearly how their theory proposal substantially contributes to theory building in the
communication field. If an existing theory is being developed, it should be taken in
new directions.
In most cases, theory proposals are made in a space that is already occupied by
a multitude of perspectives. It is always wise to develop a theory intervention in
dialogue with or in distinction to existing avenues of theorizing. Authors may ask
themselves: How is their theory proposal situated in relation to other approaches?
How do authors locate themselves vis-à-vis other positions in the debate? Establishing
a conversation between one’s own theory proposal and alternative—and often
competing—approaches may give the reader a true sense of the field. In this context,
authors should be mindful of other disciplinary conventions and preoccupations
this theory, and why? Conversely, what would have been unseen or hidden with-
out the theory? Does it deepen our understanding of key communication issues,
so that we can better address pressing contemporary concerns relevant to the
field?
Equally important are the limitations of a theory proposal. Every theory has its
blind spots. The questions consequently are: What can we not see with the new theory
at hand? What do we risk missing? Which other perspectives could help compensate
for this weakness? These are the questions editors and reviewers typically have in
mind when reading a theory article. It is wise to address these issues well before any
ambiguity that may arise from not discussing these points gets too much weight in
the decision letter.
In addition to the points already mentioned, many good theory articles show
evidence of relevance by offering compelling examples of how a theoretical innovation
offers a new insight into communication in context. Authors may also wish to
conclude their articles with some suggestions concerning productive applications of
the theory in question to comparable cases, and, even better, to significantly different
objects.
difference is: Editors read them all, while our readership sees only the small slice that
gets published.
I therefore hope that this editorial may help future authors to better tailor their
submissions to the expectations of readers, as well as the reviewers and editors of this
journal, which will ultimately improve the quality of submissions to Communication
Theory.
Acknowledgments
I feel greatly indebted to a number of colleagues who provided comments and
feedback on this or an earlier version of this editorial. These people are: David
Boromisza-Habashi, Olga Bailey, Klaus Bruhn Jensen, Cynthia Carter, Jonathan
Cohen, François Cooren, Robert T. Craig, Edward Donnerstein I, Wolfgang Dons-
bach, Cindy Gallois, John Hartley, Michael Higgins, Dafna Lemish, Christine
Lohmeier, Erik Neveu, John Oetzel, John D. Peters, Donnalyn Pompper, Jeanne
Prinsloo, Thorsten Quandt, Daniel Robichaud, Jan Servaes, Raka Shome, Katerina
Tsetsura, Karin Wahl-Jorgensen, and David Weaver.
References
Alexander, A., & Potter, W. J. (2001). How to publish your communication research: An
insider’s guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Burgoon, J. K. (2001). The challenge of writing the theoretical essay. In A. Alexander, & W. J.
Potter (Eds.), How to publish your communication research: An insider’s guide
(pp. 47–56). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Craig, R. T. (1991). Editorial. Communication Theory, 1, 1–3.
Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago
Press.
Potter, W. J. (2001). Avoiding writing traps. In A. Alexander, & W. J. Potter (Eds.), How to
publish your communication research: An insider’s guide (pp. 13–21). Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage.
Thomas Hanitzsch