Abbreviations Works by Gilles Deleuze Alltexts ar n, unless otherwise indi- and in French C1 Cinema 1: The Movement-Image (1986) 2 Ginerna 2: The Time-lmage (1989) D_ Dialogues (1987) DI Desert Islands and Other Tex 5: The Logic of Sensation (2003) FLD The Fold: Leibnie and the Baroque (1993) Foucault (1988)ABBREVIATIONS PL Pure Immanence: Essays on a Life (2001) PS. Proust and Signs (2000) INTRODUCTION Gilles Deleuze, a life in friendship Charles J. Stivale Deleuze (Deleuze’s ABC Primer), the eight-hour aire Parnet filmed in 1988-89 and transmitted hilosopher Gilles Deleuze describes his idiosyn- 1 of the links between friendship, creation and life. ‘2 question from Parner (in the section “F asin Fideli sizes that in order to form the basis for friendship ne, each of us is apt to seize on a certain indication of an charm, for example, in a gesture, a touch, an expression only in 1995, Frer cratic understar Responding. result from perception of the charm that individuals emit and through which we sense that another suits us, might offer us something, might open and awaken us. And a person actually reveals his or her charm through a kind of démence or madness, Deleuze says, a certain kind of becoming-unhinged, and as the very source of a person's charm, this point of madness provides the impulse for friendship. L commence with this angle of approach because, with me, the authors here offer contributions precisely in t seeking to extend the folds of friendship through which Deleuze lived, wrore, and taught." Such glimmers of light and encounters with Deleuze’s writing engage readers in an exhilarating, productive, yet disconcerting process cof becoming-unhinged that we come to enjoy, indeed to relish, in the energy that reading Deleuze requires. The charm of Delewze’s writing demands of us a kind of thinking otherwise, and thus the contributors here offer to readers, otherwise, a guide to specific works and con- cepts developed by Deleuze from a range of disciplinary interests and xiv 1ONE Force Kenneth Surin Deleuze’s employment of the concept of force (the same in English and French) can be grasped in terms of two distinctive but somewhat over- lapping phases. In the first, associated with the “historic fon the works on Spinoza and Nietasche (among other the earlier part of Deleuze’s career, force is understood primari # its relation to notions of speed and movement. Spinoza, Deleuze is particularly impressed by ambition to view all of life as the expression that the body becomes an ensemble consisting of those ‘transmits and those forces that it receives. Spinoza, says ‘pinoxa: Practical Philosophy, “solicits fo clude obedience as well as blame, and fashions the ind evil 2 rigorous innocence without merit or culpability” (SPP. This fundamental insight is carried chrough in Deleuze’s work on Nietasche, where Nietzsche is depicted as someone who follows faich- fully Spinoza’s injunction that we think “in terms of speeds and slow. nesses, of frozen catatonias and accelerated movements, unformed clements, nonsubjectified affects” (SPP: 129) In the second phase, associated primarily with Deleuze’s collabora- ‘ion with Guattasi, the notion of force is effectively generalized, so that expresses a power that ranges over the entirety of the social order, ere another set of definitions and principles comes to the forefront, even if the earlier indebtedness to the archive associated with Spinoza and Nietasche is retained, so that the notion of force asa movement with acteristic speeds and slownesses is still operative for Deleuze. time, however, the emphasis is more on a specific effect of force, 24