Prepaid Energy Meter Using Microcontroller
Mayank Kumar Laxkar1, Saddam Hussain2, Himanshu Sharma3, Vishnu Prakash Sharma4
Dept Of Electrical Engg, Poornima Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Abstract— In creating nations, the utilities are confronting
troubles in electric bill in full scale. In this manner paid
ahead of time metering framework is getting to be well
known for guaranteeing the accumulation of bill ahead of
time. This venture results a way to deal with robotize the
power charging framework. A PIC Microcontroller based
control section and coordinates all the activities like
reading the credit from the card through the card reading
mechanism, computing and updating the net credit,
displaying the credit on the LCD display. The Alarm
(buzzer) is introduced in the system is used to give the alert
signal in the consume unit reaches final 5 units. As soon as
the load unit reaches zero, the relay set up, which is
interfaced between the AC main and load get tripped off.
Keywords—Image processing, speech processing, emergency
vehicle, Traffic density reduction AT89S52 microcontroller,
AT24C02 microcontroller, ULN2003, smart card, card reader,
energy meter
I. INTRODUCTION
T he trend of the time has always been in favor of this
technology that finally becomes profitable and elegant. The
traditional reading of the meters is done by the human
operator, who requires a greater number of labor operators and
long hours of work to obtain the complete reading and the
billing of the data of the area. Due to the increased
development of residential and commercial buildings, meter
readings are increasing, which requires more human operators.
To achieve efficient meter readings, reduce billing errors and
reduce operating costs, the automatic meter reading system
plays an important role. In the present situation, the human
administrator goes to the consumer, snaps the picture of the
meter reading and creates the receipt. On the off chance that
the customer isn't accessible, the charging procedure will be
pending and the human administrator should check the houses
once more. Setting off to each house and producing the receipt
is a difficult and slow task. It turns out to be extremely
troublesome in the stormy season.
If a consumer has not paid the bill, the operator must go home
to disconnect the power source. This must be avoided and
must be controlled automatically. In postpaid framework, there
is no control utilization of power from the buyer's side. There
is a great deal of wastage of intensity in the customer's side
because of absence of arranging of electrical utilization in a
proficient way. So as to accomplish productive meter
perusing, diminish charging mistake and activity cost,
programmed meter perusing framework assume a critical job.
In present situation the human administrator goes to the
buyer's home, takes the photography of meter perusing and
produce the bill. In the event that the customer isn't accessible,
the charging procedure will be pending and the human
administrator again needs to return to the houses. Heading off
to every single customer's home and creating the bill is a
relentless assignment and requires part of time. It becomes
very difficult in the rainy season.
The Prepaid imperativeness with smart card can improve the
cash flow administrators in essentialness utilities. Deal with
issue related with present charging system and diminishes
work required for taking meter scrutinizing. Imperativeness
meter uses two Atmel ICs AT89S52 and AT24C02. In this
paper restore is done by wise card (which is just EEPROM)
available in various ranges. In addition, information is
eradicated from splendid card so card can't be again used by
other customer.
At the point when stimulate is done imperativeness meter is
incited. As power usage fabricates the aggregate will lessens.
The units of essentialness ate up are perceived by electronic
meter. Electronic meter involves current and voltage sensors
which sense the proportion of current and voltage ate up.
ADCs used to test simple flag and convert into advanced
structure.
The likelihood of the paid early metering arrangement relies
upon "Pay initially use later". The thought is winding up surely
understood in making countries. From the buyer viewpoint, the
musing is engaging in light of the fact that there is no issue of
separation and reconnection in case he pushes toward getting
to be defaulter for no good reason.
Furthermore since the aggregate remaining in the meter a tiny
bit at a time decreases as he uses control, each time he remains
cautions to stop the maltreatment of intensity so his use and
contrasting bill turn out with be less. Of course from the
utilities point see, it is favorable in light of the way that they
don't have to interface with meter scrutinizing, charge
arranging gathering and bill server.
Specifically utility gets the portion in three months sooner than
ordinary time. No record keeping related to bills for the
individual buyer is crucial for paid early metering arrangement
and as such the related work in like manner reduces. The paid
early metering arrangement reliant on the remote
correspondence. A Prepaid Energy Meter is used to collect the
electricity bills from the consumers according to their
consumption.
To automate the game plan of charging of imperativeness is
the essential subject of this endeavor. Of course from the
utility's point see, it is significant since they don't have to
interface with meter examining, charge status gathering and
bill server. Specifically utility gets the portion in three months
sooner than typical time.
No record keeping related to bills for the individual client is
crucial for paid early metering arrangement and thus the
related work moreover diminishes. It in like manner has a
Worldwide system for Portable Correspondence (GSM)
development to screen the power usage and controlling of the
meters remotely.
A. Report Analysis
This report communicates that out of hard and fast
imperativeness made simply 55% is charged and simply 41%
is made sense of it. Each client hardware gives the
essentialness usage to the MCIC that keeps the nuances of
individual customers. The meter modifying is successfully
recognized by this system. Regardless, the utilization cost is
high. This paper discusses reenactment and models subject to
data from prepaid meters in order to choose the likelihood and
procedure for Task for remote check meter. The objectives of
unlawful clients recognized depends upon the deviation of the
adversities and the related time of the check meter. This report
gives only the diversion result. It would be a superior system
for minimal proportion of customers. The further
improvements to recognize the power robbery lead to the
social event of customers by strategies for Help Vector
Machine (SVM) [7].This framework requests data getting
ready and data mining methods to perceive the customers with
bizarre usage of intensity. It includes many entangled
scientific computations that may give mistaken outcomes and
can recognize just 60% deceitful clients.
II. PREPAID ENERGY METER
Prepaid energy meter dependent on the idea of "pay before
use". This decreases the work as well as makes the charging
framework reliable.
It is useful because:
• No distribution of invoices.
• Pay before use.
• Reduction of size.
• The system becomes reliable.
• Without invoice.
• There is no invoice error.
• Show the remaining money.
• See the true cost of consumption & save time.
• The customer is responsible for the disconnection.
A. Block Diagram
To build up a control strategy to control the vitality meter
naturally .On the off chance that the shopper has not paid the
receipt. The vitality meter is constrained by the PIC
microcontroller. Here, the control segment dependent on the
PIC microcontroller controls and organizes all exercises.
For example, perusing the credit of the perusing system of the
card, ascertaining and refreshing the net credit, appearing net
credit on the LCD screen.
It consists of card reader, microcontroller AT89S52, AT24C02,
ULN2003, relay, LCD and relay.
Relay
Energy Meter Load
LCD
ULN200
AT89S52
MC
Smart
Card
Reader
EEPROM Power Supply
Fig.1 block diagram of prepaid energy meter using
smart card
B. Description of components
1. IC AT89S52
This is a 8-bit CMOS microcontroller utilizes ISP (that is,
framework programming) in the blaze memory of the 8K
chip. This circuit is utilized in light of the fact that it requires
little vitality and its execution is likewise high. This unit
utilizes non-unstable memory (changeless memory). Program
memory can be reinvented in the framework with the chip
streak. This 40 IC is like IC 80C51 rather than the ATMEL
family.
2. INTELLIGENT CARD AND CARD READER
The smart card is only a memory cards (ie an EEPROM IC)
used to stimulate. It is available in a couple of degrees (Rs50,
RS100, etc.). The per user is used to scrutinize the information
of the smart card.
It is a self-assertive, programmable, electrically erasable and
programmable Smash with a memory farthest point of 2Kbit.
The memory is composed in 32 pages of 8 bytes. In one byte,
each 256 words are there. It's a 8pin IC.
A prepaid vitality meter worked with a keen card utilizes
coordinated innovation to give power to shoppers. It shows the
power utilization just as the measure of the equalization
through a front screen introduced in the meter. It encourages
better administration of money streams in vitality
organizations and can diminish charging issues for purchasers
who live particularly in remote regions.
3. ULN2003 IC

It is a coordinated circuit of the high voltage and high voltage

system of Darlington. It is utilized with the regular transmitter
that has seven sets of Darlington open corrector. This circuit is
for the most part used to control the heap (transfer, ringer,
screen, and so on.). Each pair has an intensity of 500 mA.

4. RELAY

The electromagnetic hand-off is associated at the interface

between the system and the heap. When the put away units are Fig.3 basic diagram of buzzer
totally devoured, the association between the system and the
heap is intruded. In the wake of charging, the hand-off is
A ringer takes a sort of info and issues an answer. They can
initiated and the power supply is consistent. A transfer is an
utilize different intends to create sound. Everything from metal
electrically worked switch.
valves to electromechanical gadgets. A sound flag must have a
methods for catching vitality and changing over it into acoustic
Numerous relay uses an electromagnet to precisely trigger a vitality. Numerous signals are a piece of a bigger circuit and
switch, yet other working rules, for instance, solid state relay, are controlled specifically by the gadget's capacity supply. In
are in like way utilized. Relay are used when it is imperative different cases, in any case, the signal can be fueled by a
to control a circuit by techniques for a low power movement battery, with the goal that it trips if there should be an
(with the total electrical separation between the control and the occurrence of a power outage a bell takes a kind of
controlled circuits), or when a couple of circuits must be information and issues a reaction.
obliged by a lone banner. The main exchanges were used as
enhancers in long partition transmit circuits; they reiterated the
moving toward sign beginning with one circuit and gave off it
then onto the following circuit.

Fig.2 circuit diagram of relay

Fig.4 circuit diagram of buzzer

5. BUZZER 6. LCD Display

The LCD (liquid crystal display) demonstrates the absolute

At the point when the charge put away in the SIM, It ventures
into five units, the bell discharges a blare, which is a ready
sign to revive the SIM. A bell is a sound hailing contraption
that can be mechanical, electromechanical or piezoelectric.
Common employments of speakers and speakers fuse ready
devices, time and confirmation of customer contribution, for
instance, clicking with the mouse or pressing a key.
number of units put away in the SIM card and the client's
system voltage. The LCD screen is a dimension screen or an
electronic visual exhibit that uses the adjusting properties of
liquid crystal light. Liquid crystal doesn't transmit light
directly. Definitely measure the essentialness usage of nuclear
families. A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a dimension
screen or other electronic visual introduction that uses the
properties of a light parity of the Liquid precious crystal.
LCD screens are accessible to show subjective pictures, (for
example, on a universally useful PC screen) or still pictures
with uninformed substance.
They use a comparative central advancement, on the other
hand, really discretionary pictures include an extensive
number of little pixels, while distinctive screens have greater
segments. LCD screens are used in a wide extent of
employments, including PC screens, TVs, instrument sheets,
lodge screens, and signage. They are common in purchaser
contraptions, for instance, DVD players, gaming devices,
watches, calculator and telephones, and have supplanted CRT
screens in fundamentally all applications. They are available
in a more broad extent of screen sizes than CRT and plasma
screens, and since they don't use phosphorus.
Fig.5 diagram of LCD
6. Energy Meter
Electric meter or watt-hour meter, a device that measures the
amount of electrical energy. A kilowatt hour is the amount of
electrical energy needed to provide electricity for one hour. An
electric company uses electricity meters to quantify the
amount of electricity consumed by each. A power meter, or a
vitality meter is a gadget that estimates the measure of
electrical vitality devoured by a home, business or machine
that keeps running on electrical power. For electric utilization
use electric meters acquainted in their customers to check the
electric power passed to their consumer for charging purposes.
In general, they are aligned in charging units.
Fig.6 diagram of Meter
The "season of day" estimation permits power rates to be
changed through the span of multi day to record utilization
amid pinnacle periods at staggering expenses and outside
pinnacle hours, lower cost periods. Moreover, in certain
regions, the meters have transfers for off-request reaction amid
pinnacle periods. A kilowatt hour is the measure of electrical
vitality expected to give power to 60 minutes. An electric
organization utilizes power meters to measure the measure of
power devoured. A power meter or a vitality meter is a gadget
that estimates the measure of electrical vitality devoured by a
home, business or apparatus that keeps running on electrical
power.
C. Working Description Of Circuit
Figure 7 demonstrates the electrical chart of the prepaid
vitality meter by keen card. In this phase beneath, the step
down transformer is utilized. They convert the 230v-12v offer.
So the full wave rectifier circuit is utilized to change over AC
to DC. At the terminal of the rectifier, 12v DC created yet
these circuit works with a 5v control supply, For changing 12v
DC into 5v DC, we use IC 7805 microcontroller. Thus, as
indicated by our requirements, we get 12v or 5v of Input and
output of the regulator.
When the microcontroller AT89S52 gets the flag, at that point
we need to embed the keen card in the trouper to energize. The
peruser will peruse the refill related data of the smart card.
What's more, the data is erasing the keen card so the card can't
be reestablished utilized by another client. When the refill is
finished. The vitality meter is initiated. The charger saves
money on IC AT24C02 which is simply an EEPROM memory,
non-unpredictable memory.
The accusing unit is shown of a message. "The recharge is
successful "on the LCD screen. The amount is decreased by
the vitality utilization. By increments electronic counter
recognizes the sum, it expends vitality and solidarity of vitality
and show sum staying on the LCD. The electronic counter
comprises of current and voltage sensors. They feel measure of
current and voltage expended.
The AT89S52 microcontroller delivers just a current of 10 mA
that can't drive the heap. Along these lines, the ULN2003
incorporated circuit is utilized to change over the 10 mA
current of the microcontroller to 80 mA for the hand-off to
initiate. As soon as the reading increases in the single-phase
energy meter, the sum diminishes in Rs.1 on the LCD screen.
At the point when the equalization stays under Rs.10, the
acoustic flag sounds so the client realizes that it must be
revived soon. What's more, when the revive is thoroughly
zero, the relay naturally closes down the framework
completely. There is no longer any electricity flow.
 IV.CONCLUSION
The document provides an overview of the prepaid
smart card power meter. This is an idea of escape
wasting energy and reduce the theft of electricity in a
practical way.

• The client must pay as per their requirement. There is

no compelling reason to pay excessive amounts.
• Reduce the work required to finish meter readings and
distribute invoices.
•The prepaid vitality meter costs less, increasingly
Dependable and without mistake.

In outline, we can conclude that the foundation of a

prepaid vitality meter will be extremely valuable.

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