Topic: Epidemiology of The Disease

Subtopic: Control Of Communicable Disease, Malaria.

 Malaria is an acute sub acute infectious disease caused by one of four protozoan species
with the genus plasmodium. Mosquito-borne disease. Transmitted by Anopheles
mosquitoes, some times it occurred through blood transmission, and congenital needle
sharing, organ transplantation.
 Prevention measure:
Chemo prophylaxis measure those are a preventive measure to malaria, they prevent
disease development. It’s only for travelers to malaria-endemic countries. the choice of
drugs depends on a travel destination, the duration of exposure to vector, parasite
resistant patterns level and seasonality of transmission, physical parameters (age sex
height weight), health condition (pregnancy pediatric geriatric ).
Personal preventive measure :
Mosquito bed nets preferably insecticidal treated nets, using insect repellent on wearing
clothes that cover the full body.
 Vector control: vector control depends on vector species mosquito biology,
epidemiological context, one has to focus on reduction of mosquito count and reduce the
contact of exposure to mosquito and human.reduce the count by environmental measures
and using larvicidal, mosquito larvae predator, redusexualrvae indoor residual spraying
Prevent breeding and multiplication
 .parasite (the agent): ensure the full treatment and kill asexual forms and
prevent the progression of the disease and kills sexual forms by it reduces
spread to mosquitos.
Management and treatment of malaria:
The present malaria therapy multi-drug therapy ie; mefloquine, amodiaquine,
sulfadoxine, mefloquine, atovaquone, proguanil, quinine, doxycycline, artemisinin
derivatives. generally, multidrug therapy is suggestible for malaria that too artemisinin
combination therapy gave excellent therapeutic interventions compare to monotherapy.
Introduction antimalaria vaccine development:
RTS, A/AS01is the most advance candidates against deadly malaria, it’s in phase 3
clinical trials.