Research Paper

MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY AT NAAWAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE ON LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL

AND TRANSGENDER (LGBT)
FIMI D. SOLANO
ANNA MARIEL M. TIO
NORISSA MAE B. EBESA
JAYHAN SAREM S. KATADA
BOB JASON W. LEGASPI
STEFFI MAE R. RATUNIL
BRIAR ROSE E. JABLA
RHODA FE M. JUBAS
A Qualitative Research Proposal

Submitted to Mrs. Aida D. Perpetua
Mindanao State University at Naawan
Integrated Developmental School
Senior High School
9023 Naawan, Misamis Oriental
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Subject
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
APRIL 2019
APPROVAL SHEET
A qualitative research proposal entitled “Mindanao State University at Naawan

Integrated Developmental School Senior High School Students’ Perspective on
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT)” prepared and submitted by Fimi
D. Solano, Anna Mariel M. Tio, Norissa Mae B. Ebesa, Jayhan Sarem S. Katada, Bob
Jason W. Legaspi, Steffi Mae R. Ratunil, Briar Rose E. Jabla, and Rhoda Fe M. Jubas
in partial fulfillment of the requirement in the subject Practical Research 1 that has
been defended on April 22, 2019.
MRS. AIDA D. PERPETUA

Practical Research 1, Adviser
The Department of Integrated Developmental School Senior High School

endorsed acceptance of this research paper in partial fulfillment of the subject Practical
Research 1.
MS. EDEN ROSE C. MACALONG

Coordinator, Senior High School
This qualitative research proposal is hereby officially accepted as partial

fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Practical Research 1.
MS. ROSALINA L. DIVINAGRACIA

IDS Principal
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to the following:
Mrs. Aida Dadole Perpetua, for being a good mentor to the researchers, for sharing
her knowledge and for doing the best of her ability in guiding the researchers in the
journey of making this research proposal;
Ms. Eden Rose C. Macalong, the beloved Senior High School Coordinator, for giving
the researchers words of wisdom, encouragement and for being an inspiration to finish
this research proposal;
Their parents, for being always there to support them in all aspects of needs, for their
patience, love, encouragement, understanding, and for being the inspiration of the
researchers;
Their classmates and friends, for sharing their knowledge and insights about this
research proposal;
Above all, to the almighty God, for the gift of life and gift of wisdom He endowed to
Everyone, for the strength and energy He has given to survive the everyday life, and
for the love and guidance to the authors in fulfilling this research proposal.
FIMI D. SOLANO
ANNA MARIEL M. TIO
JAYHAN SAREM S. KATADA
BOB JASON W. LEGASPI
STEFFI MAE R. RATUNIL
BRIAR ROSE E. JABLA
RHODA FE M. JUBAS
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS PAGES
COVER PAGE ........................................................................................................... i
TITLE PAGE .............................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL SHEET.................................................................................................. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... iv
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................... v
LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................................... vi
CHAPTER
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Rationale ...................................................................................... 1
1.2 Objective of the Study................................................................... 2
1.2.1 General Problem.............................................. 2
1.2.2 Specific Problem .............................................. 2
1.3 Significance of the Study .............................................................. 2
1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study ................................................ 3
1.5 Definition of Terms ....................................................................... 3
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .................................................................. 4
3. METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................... 6
3.1 Research Design .......................................................................... 6
3.2 Research Locale........................................................................... 6
3.3 The Respondents ......................................................................... 7
3.4 Research Instruments................................................................... 7
3.5 Data Collection Procedure ............................................................ 7
3.6 Data Analysis Procedure .............................................................. 9
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 10
APPENDICES ......................................................................................................... 11
A Letter of Request .............................................................................. 11
B Questionnaires ................................................................................. 12
C Gantt Chart....................................................................................... 13
D Line Item Budget ............................................................................. 13
E Biographical Data ............................................................................. 14
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
1 Location of the Study ...................................................................... 6

2 Flow Chart......................................................................................... 8
v
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX PAGE
A Letter of Request ............................................................................ 11

B Questionnaires ............................................................................... 12
C Gantt chart ..................................................................................... 13
D Line Item Budget ........................................................................... 13
E Biographical Data .......................................................................... 14
vi
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Rationale
Every individual has the freedom to express themselves. There is a law that
also supports it. Which is according to the Bill of Rights, Article III, Section 4: “No law
shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of
grievances”. Everyone has the freedom, but with freedom also comes with great sense
of responsibility. For all your actions and your words show realness in your own way
of expression and it is you that is in the position that may be at risk of judgment from
other people.
According to American Psychological Association (2019), LGBT stands for
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. The “LGB” in general, refers to the sexual
orientation which is based on emotional, sexual attraction whether; heterosexual which
means men to women or men to men, homosexual which means women to women or
men to men or bisexual which means to men or women are attracted to both sexes.
Some who have same sex attraction or relationship may identify as queer that may
due to personal, social, or political reasons, they choose not to self-identify whether
any of these labels. The “T” in the LGBT that stands for transgender is the term for
people whose gender expression does not reflect to the associated sex at birth.
LGBT community in the Philippines are present but not all are accepted and
respected. More likely they are tolerated not accepted. Homophobia is a common
response when they encounter people by the way they express themselves. One of
the main reasons why the researchers wanted to study the perspective of the students
to the LGBT community is to understand why they perceived them in that certain ways.
1.2 Objective of the Study
1.2.1 General Problem
Generally, the study aims to determine the students’ perspective about
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT).
1.2.2 Specific Problem
Specifically, the study aims to know the following;
1. What can the students say about those LGBT members who cross-
dressed?
2. What can the students say about same sex couples?
3. What can the students say about same sex marriage?
4. Do the students respect those who are part of the LGBT?
5. Do the students treat the LGBT as the same as the pure male and
female?
1.3 Significance of the Study
The importance why this research is proposed is for us to be aware of the
possible perception of the students and to know the benefit of these to certain
individuals, specifically to the LGBT community, students, and community.
To the LGBT Community. The results presented may help the LGBT
community to be aware of the perspectives of the students.
To the Students. The result presented may also give information to the
students about the LGBT and how other students react about it.
To the Community. The results may help the community become more open-
minded about the LGBT community.
2
1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study
This study is conducted to determine the perspective of the Mindanao State
University at Naawan Senior High School - 11 STEM A and B students about the LGBT
community. The researchers randomly chose a total of thirty (30) respondents, fifteen
(15) respondents each class who were observed and interviewed. The study was
conducted in the month of April and May 2019.
1.5 Definition of Terms
To further understand the study, the following terms are defined on how it was
used in the study.
Bisexual. Individuals who are attracted to both sexes.

Gay. Men attracted to the same sex.
Heterosexual. Individuals who experience sexual attraction to the opposite
sex like men to women or women to men.
Homophobia. Fear and hate towards the homosexuals.

Homosexual. Individuals who experience sexual attraction to the same sex
like women to women or men to men
Lesbian. Women attracted to the same sex.

LGBT. Stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender
Perspective. Is how individual think about something.
Transgender. Gender expression does not reflect to the associated sex at
birth.
Queer. Individuals who do not perceive themselves as one of these

labels; lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender due to personal
reasons.
3
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Every individual has its own kind of identity. They have their own ways of
expressing themselves. Whether the way they dress, talk, act, and perceive
themselves. Even if they have the freedom to express themselves, some are still afraid
of expressing themselves because of the fear of judgment, harassment and ignorance
from other people especially from their families.
LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender. Its intention is to
emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures. It may refer to
anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people
who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender. In the Philippines the LGBT community
have a distinctive culture and society and also have a limited legal right. Gays and
lesbians are generally tolerated in Filipino society, especially with the recent events
that promote right, general acceptance and empowerment of the community, but
discrimination remains. (Anonymous,2019)
According to Leila B. Salaverria, a writer from Philippine Daily Inquirer (2018),
Philippines is one of the most gay-friendly country in the world and Filipinos may be
among the most open-minded about accepting gays, but not when it comes to same-
sex marriage because most of the Filipino people are Christians and they are opposing
the legalization of civil union between two men or two women. Some of the Filipinos
are supporting the LGBT community because they understand their situations and
feelings. They also accept the LGBT and they just treat them as normal individual.
It is good for some member of the LGBT community if they are accepted by the
community as well as their families. But as we all know, “We can’t please everyone.”.
Some of the member of the LGBT organization felt that they are unaccepted and
rejected in the community. They don’t show their real self because the community does
not give them the sense of belongingness that they needed. The people around them
makes them feel that they are not part of the society because some believes that it is
a sin. More likely they are tolerated not accepted. According to Natashya Gutierrez
(2017) a writer from Rappler, her interviewee said that discrimination against the LGBT
community is widespread - from families to schools, from companies to
establishments. “Tolerated is more of, ‘We have to endure you… but only up to here.’”
says Ging Cristobal, Ms. Gutierrez’s interviewee. (source)
According to Indranee Kalita (2013) who studied “Youth Towards the LGBT
(Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) Community & Their Rights with Special
Reference To The Youth Of Guwahati” The rise of LGBT rights as human rights has
been shown to be a slow movement from silence to an increasing proliferation of
voices. Many people who do not belong to this community or the so called straight or
heterosexual people are also taking part actively in the LGBT rights movement by
participating in the pride walk sensitizing people on different sexual orientations and
accepting them as part of the society.
The civil society is generally ignorant towards the sexual minority. But strange
is that most people are unaware or if aware, have little or false knowledge on this
sexual minority, mostly because of their access to media and internet. Even after
knowing about the sexual minorities, it cannot be avoided that some youth find it hard
to accept the sexual minority as part of the society and social groups. Some may even
use hate speech as an expression towards the sexual minority.
5
III. METHODOLOGY
This chapter discussed the methodologies that is used, research design, and
the location of the study. It is also stated who the respondents are, the procedure in
data gathering, the data analysis procedure and the instruments that the researchers
used in the study.
3.1 Research Design
This is a qualitative study which made use of a case study approach to gather
relevant data. The case study approach concerns itself with understanding and
interpreting the perspective of students towards the LGBT community.
3.2 Research Locale
The study was conducted at Mindanao State University at Naawan that is
located at Pedro Pagalan St. Poblacion, Naawan, 9023 Misamis Oriental.
Mindanao State University at Naawan was established as field laboratory of the
MSU College of Fisheries under Dean Domiciano Kapili Villaluz in 1964. MSU Naawan
has the distinction of being one of the campuses that earned both national and
international research fame fisheries.
Figure 1. Location of the Study (Retrieved from shorturl.at/mIW02, April 3, 2019)
6
3.3 The Respondents
The respondents of the study that were chosen are the students in Mindanao
State University at Naawan Senior High School in Grade 11- STEM B and A with
random genders and ages that ranges from 16-18. The researchers selected a total of
thirty (30) respondents, fifteen (15) respondents per class which answered the given
questions.
3.4 Research Instruments
The instruments that the researchers used in the study is the action which
involved interview questions, interview protocols, observation, and focus group
discussion questions.
3.5 Data Collection Procedure
The researchers went to Mindanao State University at Naawan Integrated
Developmental School Senior High School and asked for permission from the Senior
High School Coordinator, Ms. Eden Rose C. Macalong. The researchers conducted a
focus-group discussion alongside with the randomly chosen Senior High School
Students from Grade 11 STEM A and B, having twenty (20) respondents. The
researcher also conducted an individual interview having ten (10) respondents, also
from randomly chosen students from Grade 11 STEM A and B in a total of thirty (30)
respondents. The researchers have done semi-structured interview to the randomly
selected Senior High School students at MSUN-IDS. Semi-structured interviews, the
researcher prepared open-ended questions in which all the participants are free to
explain their responses. The researchers used recording devices to record the
conversation of both interviewer and interviewee.
7
Below are the following steps used in conducting the study.

Students' Perspective about Lesbian,
Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT)
Constructing Letter Request
Selection of Senior High School

Students in Grade 11 STEM A and B
Construction of Interview
Questionaires
Gathering Data Through Focus Group

Discussion
Presentation of Data
Analysis of Data
Interpretation, Conclusion and

Recommendation
Conceptual Development
Figure 2. Flow Chart of the Study
11
3.6 Data Analysis Procedure
In this study, the researchers analyzed the data using narrative analysis.
This is to gather stories, to analyze each story and look for insights and meanings,
to compare and contrast different stories; look for interpretations, to create a new
story that connects the previous ones in a novel and insightful way.
12
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APA (2019). Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender. Retrieved 2019, Apr 2 from
https://bit.ly/2K36DSA
Gutierrez, N. (2017). LGBTQ activists: We are tolerated but not accepted in the
Philippines. Retrieved 2019, Apr 2 from https://bit.ly/2CY1h4n
Kalita, I. (2013). Youth Towards the LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender)
Community & Their Rights with Special Reference To The Youth Of
Guwahati. Retrieved 2019, Apr 2 from https://bit.ly/2Vh3Vd8
Salaverria, L. (2018). PH-LGBT Friendly But 61% Oppose Same-Sex Union. Retrieved
2019, Apr 2 from https://bit.ly/2WJHSfo
Wikipedia (2019). LGBT Culture in the Philippines. Retrieved 2019, Apr 2 from
https://bit.ly/2CIE
13
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A. Letter of Request

Integrated Developmental School Senior High School
9023 Naawan, Misamis Oriental
April 17, 2019

Ms. EDEN ROSE C. MACALONG
Integrated Developmental School
Senior High School
Naawan, Misamis Oriental
Dear Ma’am:
We are the Grade 11 Students of Mindanao State University at Naawan
Integrated Developmental School Senior High School Students and we will be
conducting a study entitled “MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY AT NAAWAN SENIOR
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE ON LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL
AND TRANSGENDER (LGBT)” in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Practical
Research.
In this connection, please allow us to conduct our focus-group discussion

alongside with the chosen Senior High Students from 11 STEM A and B.
We are looking forward for your approval for the conduct of our study. It will
mean much toward the completion of this research.
Respectfully yours,

Study Leader
Noted by:
MRS. AIDA D. PERPETUA
Practical Research 1, Adviser
Approved by:
MS. EDEN ROSE C. MACALONG

14
APPENDIX B. Questionnaire
The researcher will conduct a focus-group discussion and an individual
interview. Below are the following questions that are used to ask the chosen
respondents from Grade 11 STEM A and B.
1. What can you say about those LGBT members who cross-dressed?
2. What can you say about same sex couples?
3. What can you say about same sex marriage?
4. Do you respect those who are part of the LGBT?
5. Do you treat the LGBT as the same as the pure male and female?
15
APPENDIX C. Gantt chart.
MONTH
ACTIVITIES
MARCH APRIL MAY
Approved Research Topic
Constructing General and

Specific Problem
Drafting of Intro Part
Sumbmission of First Draft

Research Proposal
Finalize Research Propsal
Research Proposal Defense
Integrate Comments and

Suggestions
Submit Revised Research
Proposal
APPENDIX D. Line Item Budget
MATERIAL EXPENSES ESTIMATED AMOUNT
Printing Php 300.00
Bond paper Php 250.00
Folder Php 50.00
Hardbound Php 100.00
Fare Php 250.00
Total: Php 950.00
16
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Norissa Mae B. Ebesa
ADDRESS : Purok 13, Poblacion, Initao,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : November 15, 2001
PARENTS : Norman L. Ebesa
Rundisa B. Ebesa
EDUCATION ATTAINMENT
PRE-SCHOOL : Barangay Day Care Center
Initao, Misamis Oriental
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6 – Initao Central School
HIGH SCHOOL : Mindanao State University at Naawan Integrated Developmental
School
SEMINAR-WORKSHOP ATTENDED
Drug Symposium (2016-2017)
Healthy Young Ones (2017-2018)
Premarital Sex Awareness (2016-2017)
Stress Management and Photographic Memory (2018)
Earthquake Drill (2019)
Seminar on Financial Management (2019)
Healthy Social Media Participation (2019)
17
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Briar Rose E. Jabla
ADDRESS : Purok 4, Poblacion, Manticao,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : October 22, 2001
PARENTS : Jerwin S. Jabla
Azela Marie E. Jabla
PRE-SCHOOL : KJS (Kids Jesus School House)
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6, Manticao Central School
Manticao, Misamis Oriental
School
18
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Rhoda Fe M. Jubas
ADDRESS : Purok 2, Poblacion, Naawan,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : April 10, 2002
PARENTS : Robert B. Jubas
Zoraida M. Jubas
PRE-SCHOOL : Roman Catholic Learning Center
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6 – Naawan Central School
School
19
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Jayhan Sarem S. Katada
ADDRESS : Purok 2-B, Pagawan, Manticao,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : September 19, 2002
PARENTS : Vicente J. Katada Jr.
Bernadeth S. Katada
PRE-SCHOOL : PDC (Pagawan Day-Care)
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6 – Pagawan Elementary School
School
20
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Bob Jason W. Legaspi
ADDRESS : Purok 13, Poblacion, Initao,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : October 19, 2001
PARENTS : Bobby S. Legaspi
Marianne Jan W. Legaspi
PRE-SCHOOL : Xavier Academy
School
21
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Steffi Mae R. Ratunil
ADDRESS : Purok 1, Poblacion, Manticao,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : November 15, 2001
PARENTS : Zebul B. Ratunil
Rolfe R. Ratunil
PRE-SCHOOL : United Church of Christ in the Philippines Learning Center
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6 – Mindanao Mission Academy
School

22
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Fimi D. Solano
ADDRESS : Purok 5, Poblacion, Naawan,
Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : September 14, 2001
PARENTS : Lodelieto P. Solano
Gwen D. Solano
PRE-SCHOOL : United Church of Christ in the Philippines Learning Center
PRIMARY : Grade 1-6 – Naawan Central School
School
Student Leadership Training (2017)
Student Leadership Training (2018)
23
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA
NAME : Anna Mariel M. Tio
ADDRESS : Purok 11, Poblacion, Initao, Misamis Oriental
BIRTHDATE : May 23, 2001
PARENTS : Elliemer Y. Tio
Marivic M. Tio
PRE-SCHOOL : Xavier Academy
School
24

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MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY AT NAAWAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE ON LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL

A Qualitative Research Proposal

A qualitative research proposal entitled “Mindanao State University at Naawan

MRS. AIDA D. PERPETUA

The Department of Integrated Developmental School Senior High School

MS. EDEN ROSE C. MACALONG

This qualitative research proposal is hereby officially accepted as partial

MS. ROSALINA L. DIVINAGRACIA

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .................................................................. 4

1 Location of the Study ...................................................................... 6

A Letter of Request ............................................................................ 11

According to American Psychological Association (2019), LGBT stands for

orientation which is based on emotional, sexual attraction whether; heterosexual which

Generally, the study aims to determine the students’ perspective about

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT).

1.2.2 Specific Problem

Specifically, the study aims to know the following;

2. What can the students say about same sex couples?

3. What can the students say about same sex marriage?

4. Do the students respect those who are part of the LGBT?

1.3 Significance of the Study

The importance why this research is proposed is for us to be aware of the

individuals, specifically to the LGBT community, students, and community.

community to be aware of the perspectives of the students.

minded about the LGBT community.

This study is conducted to determine the perspective of the Mindanao State

conducted in the month of April and May 2019.

1.5 Definition of Terms

used in the study.

Bisexual. Individuals who are attracted to both sexes.

Homophobia. Fear and hate towards the homosexuals.

Lesbian. Women attracted to the same sex.

Queer. Individuals who do not perceive themselves as one of these

of expressing themselves because of the fear of judgment, harassment and ignorance

from other people especially from their families.

emphasize a diversity of sexuality and gender identity-based cultures. It may refer to

anyone who is non-heterosexual or non-cisgender, instead of exclusively to people

discrimination remains. (Anonymous,2019)

According to Leila B. Salaverria, a writer from Philippine Daily Inquirer (2018),

community is widespread - from families to schools, from companies to

says Ging Cristobal, Ms. Gutierrez’s interviewee. (source)

been shown to be a slow movement from silence to an increasing proliferation of

accepting them as part of the society.

use hate speech as an expression towards the sexual minority.

used in the study.

3.1 Research Design

interpreting the perspective of students towards the LGBT community.

3.2 Research Locale

The study was conducted at Mindanao State University at Naawan that is

located at Pedro Pagalan St. Poblacion, Naawan, 9023 Misamis Oriental.

Mindanao State University at Naawan was established as field laboratory of the

international research fame fisheries.

Figure 1. Location of the Study (Retrieved from shorturl.at/mIW02, April 3, 2019)

3.4 Research Instruments

involved interview questions, interview protocols, observation, and focus group

3.5 Data Collection Procedure

The researchers went to Mindanao State University at Naawan Integrated

respondents. The researchers have done semi-structured interview to the randomly

selected Senior High School students at MSUN-IDS. Semi-structured interviews, the

conversation of both interviewer and interviewee.

Mindanao State University at Naawan

Constructing Letter Request