74. 75. 71. 78. Fl arreglo de los atomos del zinc es un ejemplo de una estruc- tura “hexagonal compacta”. Tres de los vecinos mas cercanos se encuentran en las siguientes coordenadas (x, y, z), dadas en na- nometros (10°* m): el dtomo 1 esta en (0, 0,0); el atomo 2 esta en (0.230, 0.133, 0); el dtomo 3 esta en (0.077, 0.133, 0.247). En- cuentre el dangulo entre dos vectores: uno que conecta el dtomo: 1 con el atomo 2 y otro que conecta el dtomo 1 con el dtomo 3. Dos fuerzas, F, = (1.501 ~ 0.80j + 0.70k) Ny F, = (—0.70% + 1.20j) N, son aplicadas a un objeto en movimiento con masa de 0.20 kg. El vector desplazamiento producido por las dos fuerzas es d@ = (8.0i + 6.0j + 5.0k) m. ;Cual es el trabajo efectuado por las dos fuerzas? Los cafiones de las armas de 16 pulgadas (diametro del cafién = 16 in = 41 cm) del acorazado U.S.S. Massachusetts en la Se- gunda Guerra Mundial tenian 15 m de longitud. Los obuses que disparaban tenian una masa de 1250 kg y eran disparados con fuerza explosiva suficiente para darles una velocidad inicial de 750 m/s. Use el principio del trabajo y la energia para determi- nar la fuerza explosiva (suponga que era constante) que debia aplicarse al obts dentro del barril del cafién. Exprese su res- puesta en newtons y también en libras. Una fuerza variable esta dada por F = Ae", donde x es la po- sicién; A y k son constantes con unidades de N y m~!, respecti- yamente. {Cual es el trabajo realizado por esta fuerza cuando x cambia de 0.10 m a infinito? La fuerza requerida para comprimir un resorte horizontal im- perfecto una cantidad x esta dada por F = 150x + 12x°, donde x estd en metros y F en newtons Si el resorte se comprime 2.0 m, {qué rapidez le impartira a una bola de 3.0 kg apoyada contra él y que luego es liberada?864. {Cuil deberia ser ta constante del resorte k de un resorte di fiado para llevar un vehiculo de 130) kx al reposo desde wna ra- pidez de 90 kav’, de manera que los ocupantes experimenten tna aceleracion maxima de 50 g? 18S. Suponga que um cicsta de peso mg puede ejereer una fuerza so- bre ks pedals igual a 0.90 mg en promedio. Silos pedales giran «en un circulo de 18 em de radio, las ruedas tienen wn radio de 34 ‘em, y as rvedas dentadas delantera y trasera, sobre as que corre ta cadena, tienen 42 y 19 dientes respectivamente (Fgura 7-31), ‘determine la inclinacién maxima de la colina que el ciclsta pue- de ascender con rapidez constante. Suponga que la masa de Ia bicicleta es de 12 kg y la del cctista os de 65 kg Desprecie la fricion. Suponga qve ls fuerza promedio del cicksta es siempre: 4) hacia abajo: ) tangencial al movimiento del pedal.BJA block of mass m = 2.50 kg is pushed a dis- tance d = 2.20 m along a frictionless, horizontal table by a constant applied force of magnitude F = 16.0 N directed at an angle 6 = 25.0" below the hori- zontal as shown in Figure P7.5. Determine the work done on the block by (a) the applied force, (b) the normal force exerted by the table, (©) the gravitational force, and (d) the net force on the block. Figure P7.5 G] Spiderman, whose mass is 80.0 kg, is dangling on the [i free end of a 12.0-m-long rope, the other end of which is fixed to a tree limb above. By repeatedly bending at the waist, he is able to get the rope in motion, even- tually getting it to swing cnough that he can reach a ledge when the rope makes a 60.0” angle with the ver- tical. How much work was done by the gravitational force on Spiderman in this maneuver?15]A particle is subject to a force F, that varies with posi- ition as shown in Figure P7.15. Find the work done by the force on the particle as it moves (a) from x = 0 to x = 5.00 m, (b) from x = 5.00 m to x = 10.0 m, and (©) from x = 10.0 m to x= 15.0 m. (d) Whatis the total work done by the force over the distance x = 0 to x = 15.0 m? F,(N) x(m) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Figure P7.15 Problems 15 and 34. 16, In a control system, an accelerometer consists of a 4.70-g object sliding on a calibrated horizontal rail. A low-mass spring attaches the object to a flange at one end of the rail. Grease on the rail makes static friction negligible, but rapidly damps out vibrations of the slid- ing object. When subject to a steady acceleration of 0.800g, the object should be at a location 0.500 cm away from its equilibrium position. Find the force constant of the spring reauired for the calibration to be correct.31. A 3.00-kg object has a velocity (6.001 — 2.00j) m/s. Hd @) What is inetic cnergy at this moment? (b) What is the net work done on the object if its velocity changes to (8.001 + 4.00j) m/s? (Note: From the definition of the dot product, v? = V-¥.) 32. A worker pushing a 35.0-kg wooden crate ata constant WW speed for 12.0 m along a wood floor does 350 J of work by applying a constant horizontal force of magnitude Fon the crate. (a) Determine the value of F. (b) If the worker now applies a force greater than F, describe the subsequent motion of the crate. (c) Describe what would happen to the crate if the applied force is less than F 33. A 0.600-kg particle has a speed of 2.00 m/s at point @ [and kinetic energy of 7.50 J at point ©. What is (a) its kinetic energy at @, (b) its speed at ©, and (c) the net work done on the particle by external forces as it moves from ® to ®? 6. A block of mass m = 5,00 kg is released from point © Bland slides on the frictionless track shown in Figure P8.6. Determine (a) the block’s speed at points ® and © and (b) the net work done by the gravitational force on the block as it moves from point to point ©. Figure P8.67] Two objects are connected Py a light string passing over a light, frictionless pulley as shown in Figure P8.7. The object of mass m, = 5.00 kg is released from rest at a height i = 4.00 m above the table. Using the isolated sys- tem model, (a) determine the speed of the object of mass m, = 3.00 kg just as the 5.00-kg object hits the table and (b) find the maxi- mum height above the table to which the 3.00-kg object rises. Figure P8.7 Problems 7 and 8.