25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

Skip to content

Skip to search - Accesskey = s

DOTE Anatomy topics

25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pineal
body. Differentiation of the entoderm, folding of the embryo.
Posted in Abdomen by Sahaja on December 25, 2008

25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pineal body. Differentiation of the entoderm,
folding of the embryo.

The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava.

Abdominal Aorta

General Info:

Arteries that supply the visceral organs and posterior abdominal wall arise from the abdominal aorta.
goes from aortic hiatus of diaphragm –> L4, where it splits into L & R common iliac a

Topography:

Ant *sup –> inf* = celiac plexus, celiac ggl, body of pancreas, splenic & L renal v, horizontal part of duodenum, coils

1 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM
25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

of SI
Post = bodies of T12-L4, branches of L lumbar v –> IVC
Right = azygos v, cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, L crus of diaphragm, R celiac ggl
Left = L crus of diaphragm, L celiac ggl

Branches:

4 main groups:
1. Paired parietal br

1. Inf phrenic a - 1st br of ab aorta, originates below aortic hiatus => inf surface of diaphragm
2. sup suprarenal a => suprarenal gland
3. Lumbar a - 4 pairs of them => musc, structures of post ab wall

2. Unpaired parietal br

Med sacral a – originally paired, but L & R side join, org@ bifurcation of aorta , desc down sacrum @ midline

3. Paired visceral branches

1. Middle Suprarenal – originates just below inf phrenic a => suprarenal gland
2. Renal => kidney, R renal a is longer than L, and runs deep to IVC
inf suprarenal => suprarenal gland
3. Gonadal a => testis, ovaries,

4. Unpaired visceral branches

Celiac Trunk => supplies FOREGUT

Left Gastric a (smallest br) => abdominal esophagus, lesser curve of stomach

runs in phrenico gastric lig,

runs up and L to cardia of stomach
gives rise to esophageal and hepatic br,
turns R and runs along lesser curve to supply it

Splenic a

long turtous a, runs deep to stomach along sup border of pancreas, and enters the lienorenal lig
gives 10 pancreatic br, main ones are inf dorsal, caudal pancreatic
short gastric br => fundus, reach stomach via gastro splenic lig
L gastro-epiploic (gastro-omental) => gr. curve of stomach, anastomose w/ R gastro epiploic
located w/in gastro colic lig

Common Hepatic a => Liver, GB, foregut part of duod, pancreas

Proper hepatic a (runs in hepatoduodenal lig), reach liver thru it

R hepatic a => R lobe liver, porta hepatis
Cystic a => GB
L hepatic a => L lobe, cuadate, quadrate lobe of liver
R Gastric a => lesser curve, runs thru hepatoduodenal lig, anatomose w/ L gastric a
Gastroduodenal a
sup pancreaticoduodenal a => prox duodenum, head of pancreas
sup ant/post br
R gastroepipolic a => Gr curve of stomach, in gastro colic lig, anastomose w/ L gastroepiploic a

2 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM
25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

Branches of Celiac Trunk

Sup Mesenteric a = MIDGUT

emerges right below celiac trunk, behind neck of pancreas
w/ sup mesenteric ggl
uncinate process of pancreas wraps around it
crosses in front of inf horizontal part of duodenum = pars tecta
then branches run w/in mesentery of SI

Inf pancreaticoduodenal a (retroperitoneal br)=> distal duodenum, part of head of pancreas

cross transv colon –> splits into ant/post br, which anatomose w/ ant/post br of sup pancreaticoduodenal a
Intestinal branches => Jejunum & Ileum
12-15 br that make the arterial arcades that run in mesentery of SI
Iliocolic a (aka Ilio cecal) => cecum (runs in mesocecum), appendix, terminal part of ileum

(starts retroperitoneal –> intraperitoneal, before entering organs)

Asc colic a
ant/post cecal a
appendicular a

3 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM
25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

R colic a => colon

has asc/desc br, that can arise from sup mesenteric a or iliocolic a as well
Middle colic a => prox 2/3 of transverse colon (runs in transverse mesocolon)

Inf mesenteric a = HI6DGUT

originates from aorta @ L3, crosses psoas major m
emerges under root of mesentery
passes L. behind peritoneum
goes to desc/sigmoid colon, and upper rectum

L colic a => desc colon, distal 1/3 transv colon

asc/desc br
terminal part enters transv mesocolon
forms Arcus Riolani, by anastomosing w/ middle colic a (sup mesenteric a) = Cavo-Caval anastomosis

Sigmoid a => sigmoid colon

is first retroperitoneal –> runs in mesosigmoid

forms anastomosis w/ L colic a, sup rectal a
this can be cut in rectal surgery to extend a => Sudeck pt – site on the large intestine where the lowest sigmoid artery
anastomoses with the superior rectal artery.

Sup rectal a => upper 1/3 rectum

desc in pelvis and dives into 2 br that follow sides of rectum

anatomose w/ middle & inf rectal a = Porto-caval anatomosis
Portal v blockage can cause hemorroids in this area

Relations of Ab aorta & IVC

6OTE – Notice there are 2 crossing points when it comes to the aorta and IVC

- @ the beginning, the IVC is actually in front and to R of aorta, therefore L renal v is much longer than R one, having to
cross the aorta

@ end, aorta bifurcates above the IVC, so common iliac veins are deep to arteries

4 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM
25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

Inferior Vena Cava

begins ant to L5, made by union of common iliac v

ant to bifurcation of aorta
on R side of L5—>L3, on R psoas major m
passes thru Caval opening in central part of diaphragm
enters R atrium of heart

Receives all veins that correspond to a of abdominal aorta (celiac trunk, sup/inf mesenteric a):

Common Iliac v
3rd/4th Lumbar v
R testicular / ovarian v (L –> renal v)
Renal v
Asc lumbar v
R suprarenal v (L –> renal v)
Inf phrenic v
Hepatic v

The histology of the pineal body.

Differentiation of the entoderm, folding of the embryo.

In general, endoderm germ layer –> makes GI tract

5 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM
25. The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava. The histology of the pinea... http://anatomytopics.wordpress.com/2008/12/25/25-the-abdominal-aorta...

2 kinds of folding:

1. Craniocaudal folding –

embryonic disk starts to bulge into amniotic cavity

to fold cephalocaudally
most pronounced in head and tail region – forms head and tails folds formed
ant part of endoderm = foregut – covered by buccopharyngeal membrane, later opens to make oral opening
midgut = midsection w/ connection to yolk sac = vitelline duct
hindgut = tail region, covered by cloacal membrane, opens to form anus

2. Lat folding –

due to growth of somites

embryo folds laterally = rounded appearence
ventral body wall formed, except where yolk sac connected

Both foldings = makes allantois –> into body of embryo = later becomes cloaca
distal portion of it is still connected to yolk sac
remnant of it= urachus

Derivatives of endoderm:
epith lining of respiratory tract
parenchyme of thryroid, parathyroid gland, liver, pancreas
reticular stroma = tonsils, thymus
epith = bladder + urethra, tympanic cavity, auditory tube

Possibly related posts: (automatically generated)

Right Atrial Pressure Estimation

Dangerous in the wilderness
Work in progress

leave a comment

« 24. The anatomy and histology of the spleen. Differentiation of the ectoderm.
26. The anatomy and development of the vertebral column. The histology of the thymus. »

Leave a Reply

Name (required)

E-mail (will not be published) (required)

Website

6 of 9 1/31/2010 10:49 AM