CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS

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Molar Density
Molecular
No. Compound name mass Range of
formula
(g/mol) concentration
1 Acetaldehyde C2H4O 44.053 0-30% (18°C)
2 Acetamide C2H5NO 59.068 0-6% (15°C)
3 Acetic acid CH3COOH 60.052 0-100% (20°C)
4 Acetone C3H6O 58.080 0-100% (20°C)
5 Acetonitrile C2H3N 41.053 0-16% (15°C)
6 Aluminium chloride AlCl3 133.33 0-40% (15°C)
7 Aluminium nitrate Al(NO3)3 212.994 -
8 Aluminium sulfate Al2(SO4)3 342.132 0-26% (15°C)
9 Ammonia NH3 17.031 0-30% (20°C)
10 Ammonium acetate CH3COONH4 77.083 0-45% (25°C)
11 Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3 96.086 -
12 Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 53.49 0-24% (20°C)
13 Ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7 252.063 0-20% (12°C)
14 Ammonium hydroxide NH4OH 35.046 0-62% (20°C)
15 Ammonium nitrate NH4NO3 80.043 0-50% (20°C)
16 Ammonium oxalate (NH4)2C2O4 124.096 -
17 Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 132.13 0-50% (20°C)
18 Antimony(III) chloride SbCl3 228.11 -
19 Antimony(V) chloride SbCl5 299.01 -
20 Barium chloride BaCl2 208.23 0-26% (20°C)
21 Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 171.34 -
22 Barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2 261.34 -
23 Bismuth(III) chloride BiCl3 315.33 -
24 Bismuth(III) nitrate Bi(NO3)3 394.99 -
25 Butan-1-ol C4H10O 74.123 0-8% (20°C)
26 Butyric acid C4H8O2 88.106 0-62% (25°C)
27 Cadmium nitrate Cd(NO3)2 236.42 0-50% (18°C)
28 Cadmium sulfate CdSO4 208.47 -
29 Calcium chloride CaCl2 110.98 0-40% (20°C)
30 Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 74.092 -
31 Calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2 164.086 0-68% (18°C)
32 Calcium sulfate CaSO4 136.13 -
33 Carbon disulfide CS2 76.13 -
34 Chloroacetic acid C2H3ClO2 94.49 0-32% (20°C)
35 Chloroauric acid HAuCl4 339.78 -
36 Chloroform CHCl3 119.37 -
37 Chloroplatinic acid H2PtCl6 409.80 -
38 Chromium(III) chloride CrCl3 158.35 0-14% (18°C)
39 Chromium(III) nitrate Cr(NO3)3 238.008 -
40 Chromium(III) sulfate Cr2(SO4)3 392.16 0-40% (15°C)
41 Chromium(VI) oxide CrO3 99.993 0-60% (15°C)
42 Citric acid C6H8O7 192.123 0-55% (20°C)
43 Cobalt(II) nitrate Co(NO3)2 182.941 -
44 Cobalt(II) sulfate CoSO4 154.99 -
45 Copper(I) chloride Cu2Cl2 197.99 0-20% (20°C)
46 Copper(II) chloride CuCl2 134.45 0-20% (20°C)
47 Copper(II) nitrate Cu(NO3)2 187.554 0-25% (20°C)
48 Copper(II) sulfate CuSO4 159.60 0-20% (18°C)
49 Dichloroacetic acid C2H2Cl2O2 128.94 0-30% (20°C)
50 Diethyl ether (C2H5)2O 74.123 0-5% (20°C)
51 Dimethylglyoxime (CH3CNOH)2 116.120 -
52 EDTA, disodium salt Na2C10H14N2O8 336.21 0-6% (20°C)
53 Ethanol C2H5OH 46.069 0-100% (20°C)
54 Ethylene glycol (CH2OH)2 62.068 0-60% (20°C)
55 Formaldehyde CH2O 30.026 0-40% (15°C)
56 Formic acid CH2O2 46.025 0-100% (20°C)
57 Fructose C6H12O6 180.156 0-48% (20°C)
58 Glucose C6H12O6 180.156 0-60% (20°C)
59 Glycerol C3H8O3 92.094 0-100% (20°C)
60 Hexafluorosilicic acid H2SiF6 144.089 0-34% (17.5°C)
61 Hydrazine N2H4 32.046 0-60% (15°C)
62 Hydrobromic acid HBr 80.912 0-65% (25°C)
63 Hydrochloric acid HCl 36.46 0-40% (20°C)
64 Hydrocyanic acid HCN 27.026 0-16% (15°C)
65 Hydrofluoric acid HF 20.006 0-50% (20°C)
66 Hydrogen peroxide H2O2 34.014 0-100% (18°C)
67 Hydroiodic acid HI 127.9 -
68 Iodic acid HIO3 175.9 -
69 Iron(II) ammonium sulfate FeSO4+(NH4)2SO4 284.04 -
70 Iron(II) sulfate FeSO4 151.90 0-20% (18°C)
71 Iron(III) chloride FeCl3 162.20 0-50% (20°C)
72 Iron(III) nitrate Fe(NO3)3 241.857 0-25% (18°C)
73 Iron(III) sulfate Fe2(SO4)3 399.86 0-20% (17.5°C)
74 Isobutanol C4H10O 74.123 0-8% (20°C)
75 Lactic acid C3H6O3 90.078 0-80% (20°C)
76 Lactose C12H22O11 342.297 0-18% (20°C)
77 Lead(II) acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2 325.3 -
78 Lead(II) chloride PbCl2 278.1 -
79 Lead(II) nitrate Pb(NO3)2 331.2 -
80 Lead(IV) acetate Pb(C2H3O2)4 443.4 -
81 Lithium chloride LiCl 42.39 0-30% (20°C)
82 Magnesium chloride MgCl2 95.21 0-30% (20°C)
83 Magnesium nitrate Mg(NO3)2 148.313 -
84 Magnesium sulfate MgSO4 120.36 0-26% (20°C)
85 Maleic acid C4H4O4 116.072 0-40% (25°C)
86 Malonic acid C3H4O4 104.061 0-40% (20°C)
87 Maltose C12H22O11 342.297 0-60% (20°C)
88 Manganese(II) chloride MnCl2 125.84 -
89 Manganese(II) sulfate MnSO4 150.99 0-30% (20°C)
90 Mannitol C6H14O6 182.172 0-15% (20°C)
91 Mercury(II) chloride HgCl2 271.49 -
92 Mercury(II) nitrate Hg(NO3)2 324.60 -
93 Mercury(II) sulfate HgSO4 296.65 -
94 Methanol CH3OH 32.042 0-100% (15°C)
95 Methyl acetate C3H6O2 74.079 0-20% (20°C)
96 Nickel chloride NiCl2 129.59 0-30% (18°C)
97 Nickel nitrate Ni(NO3)2 182.701 0-35% (20°C)
98 Nickel sulfate NiSO4 154.75 0-18% (18°C)
99 Nicotine C10H14N2 162.236 0-60% (20°C)
100 Nitric acid HNO3 63.012 0-100% (20°C)
101 Oxalic acid H2C2O4 90.034 0-10% (17.5°C)
102 Pentan-1-ol C5H11OH 88.150 -
103 Perchloric acid HClO4 100.45 0-70% (15°C)
104 Phenol C6H6O 94.113 0-5% (15°C)
105 Phosphoric acid H3PO4 97.994 0-100% (20°C)
106 Potassium bicarbonate KHCO3 100.114 0-24% (15°C)
107 Potassium bromate KBrO3 166.999 -
108 Potassium bromide KBr 119.002 0-40% (20°C)
109 Potassium carbonate K2CO3 138.204 0-50% (20°C)
110 Potassium chlorate KClO3 122.55 0-4% (20°C)
111 Potassium chloride KCl 74.55 0-24% (20°C)
112 Potassium chromate K2CrO4 194.188 0-30% (18°C)
113 Potassium cyanide KCN 65.116 -
114 Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 294.181 0-10% (20°C)
Potassium dihydrogen
115 phosphate KH2PO4 136.084 0-10% (20°C)
Potassium
116 hexacyanoferrate(II) K4Fe(CN)6 368.345 -
Potassium
117 hexacyanoferrate(III) K3Fe(CN)6 329.247 -
Potassium hydrogen
118 phosphate K2HPO4 174.174 0-8% (20°C)
119 Potassium hydroxide KOH 56.105 0-50% (15°C)
120 Potassium iodate KIO3 214.0 -
121 Potassium iodide KI 166.0 0-55% (20°C)
122 Potassium nitrate KNO3 101.102 0-24% (20°C)
123 Potassium nitrite KNO2 85.103 -
124 Potassium permanganate KMnO4 158.032 0-6% (20°C)
125 Potassium sulfate K2SO4 174.25 0-10% (20°C)
126 Potassium sulfite K2SO3 158.25 0-26% (15°C)
127 Potassium tartrate K2C4H4O6 226.266 0-50% (20°C)
128 Potassium thiocyanate KCNS 97.18 -
129 Propan-1-ol CH3CH2CH2OH 60.096 0-100% (15°C)
130 Propan-2-ol CH3CHOHCH3 60.096 0-100% (20°C)
131 Pyridine C5H5N 79.102 0-60% (25°C)
132 Resorcinol C6H6O2 110.112 0-52% (18°C)
133 Saccharose C12H22O11 342.297 0-89% (20°C)
134 Silver nitrate AgNO3 169.87 0-40% (20°C)
135 Silver sulfate Ag2SO4 311.80 -
136 Sodium acetate NaC2H3O2 82.03 0-28% (20°C)
137 Sodium arsenate Na3AsO4 207.89 0-12% (17°C)
138 Sodium bromide NaBr 102.89 0-40% (20°C)
139 Sodium carbonate Na2CO3 105.99 0-14% (20°C)
140 Sodium chlorate NaClO3 106.44 0-34% (18°C)
141 Sodium chloride NaCl 58.44 0-26% (20°C)
142 Sodium chromate Na2CrO4 161.97 0-26% (18°C)
143 Sodium citrate Na3C6H5O7 258.07 0-36% (20°C)
144 Sodium dichromate Na2Cr2O7 261.97 0-50% (15°C)
Sodium dihydrogen
145 phosphate NaH2PO4 119.98 0-40% (20°C)
146 Sodium formate HCOONa 68.01 0-40% (25°C)
147 Sodium hydrogen carbonate NaHCO3 84.01 0-6% (20°C)
148 Sodium hydrogen phosphate Na2HPO4 141.96 0-6% (20°C)
149 Sodium hydrogen tartrate NaHC4H4O6 172.07 -
150 Sodium hydroxide NaOH 40.00 0-50% (20°C)
151 Sodium nitrate NaNO3 84.99 0-45% (20°C)
152 Sodium nitrite NaNO2 69.00 0-20% (15°C)
153 Sodium phosphate Na3PO4 163.94 0-8% (20°C)
154 Sodium potassium tartrate NaKC4H4O6 210.16 0-36% (20°C)
155 Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 142.04 0-24% (20°C)
156 Sodium sulfide Na2S 78.04 0-18% (18°C)
157 Sodium sulfite Na2SO3 126.04 0-18% (19°C)
158 Sodium tartrate Na2C4H4O6 194.05 0-28% (20°C)
159 Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3 158.10 0-40% (20°C)
160 Strontium chloride SrCl2 158.52 0-36% (20°C)
161 Strontium nitrate Sr(NO3)2 211.63 -
162 Strontium sulfate SrSO4 183.68 -
163 Sulfuric acid H2SO4 98.07 0-100% (20°C)
164 Sulfurous acid H2SO3 82.07 -
165 Tartaric acid H2C4H4O6 150.086 0-56% (15°C)
166 Thiourea CH4N2S 76.12 0-7% (15°C)
167 Tin(II) chloride SnCl2 189.61 0-65% (15°C)
168 Tin(IV) chloride SnCl4 260.51 0-70% (15°C)
169 Trichloroacetic acid CCl3COOH 163.38 0-48% (20°C)
170 TRIS (HOCH2)3CNH2 121.136 0-40% (20°C)
171 Urea (NH2)2CO 60.056 0-46% (20°C)
172 Urethane C3H7NO2 89.094 0-56% (20°C)
173 Zinc bromide ZnBr2 225.19 0-65% (20°C)
174 Zinc chloride ZnCl2 136.28 0-70% (20°C)
175 Zinc nitrate Zn(NO3)2 189.39 0-50% (18°C)
176 Zinc sulfate ZnSO4 161.44 0-16% (20°C)

Sodium Bicarbonate
GENERIC NAME(S): Sodium Bicarbonate
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 Uses

 SideEffects

 Precautions

 Interactions

 Overdose

 Images

Side Effects

Nausea, bloating, or gas may occur. If any of these effects

last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has directed you to use this medication,

remember that he or she has judged that the benefit to
you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people
using this medication do not have serious side effects.
 Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side
effects, including: swelling hands/ankles/feet, unusual
weight gain.

When taken with sodium bicarbonate, large doses

of calcium from your diet, medications,
or supplements can rarely cause a serious problem called
milk-alkali syndrome. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about
using calcium products safely while you are using this
medication. Tell your doctor right away if you have any
serious side effects, including: dizziness, muscle
aches/spasms, mental/mood changes (such as confusion,
irritability, memory problems), vomiting, weakness, signs
of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of
urine).

Sodium bicarbonate Side

Effects
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Jan 31, 2019.

 Overview
 Side Effects
 Dosage
 Professional
 Interactions
 Pregnancy
 More
 Consumer

 Professional

 Managing Side Effects

For the Consumer
Applies to sodium bicarbonate: granule, solution, tablet

Along with its needed effects, sodium bicarbonate may cause some unwanted
effects. Although the following side effects occur very rarely when this medicine
is taken as recommended, they may be more likely to occur if it is taken: in large
doses, for a long time, or by patients with kidney disease.

Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects
occur while taking sodium bicarbonate:

 Frequent urge to urinate

 headache (continuing)
 loss of appetite (continuing)
 mood or mental changes
 muscle pain or twitching
 nausea or vomiting
 nervousness or restlessness
 slow breathing
 swelling of feet or lower legs
 unpleasant taste
 unusual tiredness or weakness

Some side effects of sodium bicarbonate may occur that usually do not need
medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body
adjusts to the medicine. Also, your health care professional may be able to tell
you about ways to prevent or reduce some of these side effects. Check with your
health care professional if any of the following side effects continue or are
bothersome or if you have any questions about them:

Less Common

 Increased thirst
 stomach cramps

o
o
o

 Everyday Health
 Drugs
 Minerals And Electrolytes
 Sodium Chloride

What Is Sodium Chloride?

3 Reviews


Sodium chloride is the chemical name for salt. Sodium chloride can reduce
some types of bacteria in certain body secretions, such as saliva.
Sodium chloride inhalation is used to produce sputum (mucus, or phlegm)
from the mouth to help improve lung function in people with cystic fibrosis,
or to collect sputum for medical testing. This medication may also be used to
dilute other medications inhaled through a nebulizer.
Sodium chloride inhalation may also be used for other purposes not listed in
this medication guide.
Before you use sodium chloride, tell your doctor about all your medical
conditions and allergies. Also make sure your doctor knows if you are
pregnant or breast-feeding. In some cases, you may not be able to use
sodium chloride, or you may need to adjust your dose or take special
precautions.
Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially potassium
supplements, diuretics, steroids, blood pressure medications, or medications
that contain sodium (such as Alka-Seltzer or Zegrid).
Tell your caregiver right away if you have chest pain, trouble breathing,
swelling in your hands or feet, tiredness, muscle twitching, confusion,
uneven heart rate, extreme thirst, increased or decreased urination, leg
discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling, or if you feel like you might
pass out.
You should not use this medication if you have ever had an allergic reaction
to sodium chloride.
To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

 asthma;
 heart disease or high blood pressure;
 epilepsy;
 kidney or liver disease;
 migraine headaches;
 any type of edema (swelling);
 if you have recently had surgery; or
 if you are on a low-salt diet.
FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether sodium chloride
inhalation is harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant
or plan to become pregnant during treatment.
It is not known whether sodium chloride passes into breast milk or if it could
harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Sodium Chloride Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic
reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or
throat.
Tell your caregiver right away if you have:

 chest pain, trouble breathing;

 a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out;
 swelling in your hands or feet;
 tiredness, muscle twitching;
 confusion, uneven heart rate, extreme thirst, increased or decreased
urination, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling.
Other common side effects may include a salty taste or slight burning or
irritation in your mouth.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your
doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to
FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Back to Top

Sodium Chloride Interactions

Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages,
or activity.
Tell your doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop
using during your treatment with sodium chloride, especially:

 potassium supplements;
 a diuretic or "water pill";
 a steroid such as prednisone, fluticasone, mometasone, dexamethasone, and
others;
 blood pressure medication; or
 medication that contains sodium, such as Alka-Seltzer or Zegrid (omeprazole
and sodium bicarbonate).
This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with sodium chloride,
including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal
products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

Sodium Chloride Solution,

Intravenous
GENERIC NAME(S): Sodium Chloride 0.9 %
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 Uses

 SideEffects

 Precautions

 Interactions
  Overdose

 Images

Uses

This solution is used to supply water and salt (sodium chloride) to the
body. Sodium chloride solution may also be mixed with
other medications given by injection into a vein.

How to use Sodium Chloride Solution, Intravenous

This solution is usually given by injection into a vein as directed by

your doctor. It may be given in the hospital, in a clinic, or at home.

If you are using this product at home, learn all preparation and usage
instructions from your health care professional. Before using, check
this product visually for particles or discoloration. If either is present,
do not use the liquid. If you are mixing this solution with
another medication, ask your doctor or pharmacist if it is proper to
mix it with the medication. Learn how to store and discard medical
supplies safely.

The dosage is based on your age, weight, medical condition, and

response to treatment.

Side Effects

Redness, pain, or swelling at the injection site may occur.

If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor
or pharmacist promptly.

Remember that your doctor has prescribed

this medication because he or she has judged that the
benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many
people using this medication do not have serious side
effects.
Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side
effects, including: swelling hands/ankles/feet, muscle
cramps, unusual weakness, headache, nausea, extreme
drowsiness, mental/mood changes (such as
confusion), seizures.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare.

However, get medical help right away if you notice any
symptoms of a serious allergic reaction,
including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the
face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you

notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor
or pharmacist.

What is it?
Methane is a colorless and extremely flammable gas that can explode when mixed with air. It is
the primary component of natural gas.

Natural sources of methane include termites, bodies of water, wildfires, and digestive processes
of animals. Methane is released from coal deposits during underground and surface mining and
from decomposition of waste.

Methane is emitted from burning gasoline and fossil fuels, including coal, natural gas, and oil,
and from hydraulic fracturing, landfills, and coal-fired power plants.

Methane is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.

See also: Trash Factories Gas Station Wastewater Treatment/

Wastewater Mines Agriculture Fuel Industry Air PollutionPower Plants
Where is Methane found?

 Air – from vehicle exhaust, oil and gas fields, coal mines, coal-fired power plants, landfills, and
farms
 Consumer products – water heaters, stoves, and clothes dryers that are fueled by natural gas

How can I be exposed to Methane?

Methane commonly enter(s) the body through:

Inhalation (breathing)

 Breathing vehicle exhaust and emissions from farms, landfills, and use of fossil fuels

Skin contact

 Touching liquefied methane

What happens when I am exposed to Methane?

Skin contact with liquefied methane can cause:

 Frostbite
 Skin and eye burns

Exposure to high levels of methane can cause:

 Suffocation
 Loss of consciousness
 Headache and dizziness
 Nausea and vomiting
 Weakness
 Loss of coordination
 Increased breathing rate

Who is at risk for exposure to Methane?

 Consumers
 Everyone is exposed to low levels of methane in outdoor air. Some home
appliances may emit methane.
 Farmers
 Methane is emitted from animal digestion and waste.
 ASPIRIN
 Generic Name: aspirin
 Brand Name: Bayer
Last reviewed on RxList: 2/25/2019
PROFESSIONAL CONSUMER SIDE EFFECTS
 Overview
 Consumer Information
 Professional Information
 Related Resources

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Aspirin Side Effects Center

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Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

Last reviewed on RxList 2/25/2019

Bayer Aspirin (aspirin) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescribed for treating
fever, pain, inflammation in the body, prevention of blood clots, and reduction of the risk of
strokes and heart attacks. Bayer Aspirin is available as a generic drug. Common side effects of
Bayer Aspirin include:

 rash,
 gastrointestinal ulcerations,
 abdominal pain,
 upset stomach,
 heartburn,
 drowsiness,
 headache,
 cramping,
 nausea,
 gastritis, and
 bleeding
Bayer Aspirin dose ranges from 50 mg to 6000 mg daily. Drug interactions
include Eskalith, Lithobid(lithium), Rheumatrex, Trexall (methotrexate), Coumadin
(warfarin), antidepressants, and other salicylates. Use of Bayer Aspirin during pregnancy may
have adverse effects in the fetus. It should be used during pregnancy only when the benefits
outweigh the risks. Aspirin is excreted into breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the
infant. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

Our Bayer Aspirin Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of available drug
information on the potential side effects when taking this medication.

Aspirin Tablet
COMMON BRAND(S): Bayer Aspirin, Easprin, Ecotrin
GENERIC NAME(S): Aspirin
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 Uses

 SideEffects

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 Overdose

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Uses

Aspirin is used to reduce fever and relieve mild to

moderate pain from conditions such as muscle
aches, toothaches, common cold, and headaches. It may
also be used to reduce pain and swelling in conditions such
as arthritis. Aspirin is known as a salicylate and a
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by
blocking a certain natural substance in your body to reduce
pain and swelling. Consult your doctor before treating a
child younger than 12 years.

Your doctor may direct you to take a low dose of aspirin to

prevent blood clots. This effect reduces the risk
of stroke and heart attack. If you have recently had
surgery on clogged arteries (such as bypass
surgery, carotid endarterectomy, coronary stent), your
doctor may direct you to use aspirin in low doses as a
"blood thinner" to prevent blood clots.
How to use Aspirin Tablet

If you are taking this medication for self-treatment, follow

all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain
about any of the information, consult your doctor
or pharmacist. If your doctor has directed you to take this
medication, take it exactly as

Side Effects

Upset stomach and heartburn may occur. If either of these effects

persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that
he or she has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of
side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious
side effects.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects,
including: easy bruising/bleeding, difficulty hearing, ringing in the
ears, signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of
urine), persistent or severe nausea/vomiting, unexplained
tiredness, dizziness, dark urine, yellowing eyes/skin.

This drug may rarely cause serious bleeding from

the stomach/intestine or other areas of the body. If you notice any of
the following very serious side effects, get medical help right away:
black/tarry stools, persistent or severe stomach/abdominal pain,
vomit that looks like coffee grounds, slurred speech, weakness on one
side of the body, sudden vision changes or severe headache.
 Potassium tartrate is a salt of tartaric very used in food additive, especially as baking powder.
It used to be confused with potassium bitartrate, which is extended used and known as
cream of tartar.

Tell your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
 Effects of high potassium levels in the blood: muscle weakness and in severe cases,
chest pain and paralysis.
 Effects on the stomach and intestines: stomach pain or discomfort, feeling or being
sick, diarrhoea and wind.

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Acetic Acid Side Effects Center

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Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

Last reviewed on RxList 6/16/2017

Acetic Acid Otic Solution is an antibiotic used to treat infections in the ear canal. Acetic Acid
Otic Solution will not treat an inner ear infection (also called otitis media). Acetic Acid Otic
Solution is available in generic form. Common side effects of Acetic Acid Otic Solution include
temporary stinging or burning in the ear canal.

To promote continuous contact, insert a wick of cotton saturated with Acetic Acid Otic Solution
into the ear canal as instructed by your doctor; the wick may be saturated after insertion. Keep
the wick in for at least 24 hours and keep it moist by adding 3 to 5 drops of Acetic Acid Otic
Solution every 4 to 6 hours. The wick may be removed after 24 hours but continue to instill 5
drops of Acetic Acid Otic Solution 3 or 4 times daily, as prescribed. In pediatric patients, 3 to 4
drops may be sufficient. Other drugs may affect Acetic Acid Otic Solution. Tell your doctor all
prescription and over-the-counter medications and supplements you use. During pregnancy,
Acetic Acid Otic Solution should be used only when prescribed. It is unknown if this medication
passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breastfeeding.

Our Acetic Acid Otic Solution Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of
available drug information on the potential side effects when taking this medication.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical
advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

QUESTION

Ear infection or acute otitis media is an infection of the middle ear.See Answer
Acetic Acid Consumer Information

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult
breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
 Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have severe burning or other
irritation after using the ear drops.

Common side effects may include mild stinging or burning with the first use.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical
advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Read the entire detailed patient monograph for Acetic Acid (Acetic Acid)

Learn More »

Here are 9 side effects of too much caffeine.

 Anxiety. Caffeine is known to increase alertness. ...
 Insomnia. Caffeine's ability to help people stay awake is one of its most prized
qualities. ...
 Digestive Issues. ...
 Muscle Breakdown. ...
 Addiction. ...
 High Blood Pressure. ...
 Rapid Heart Rate. ...
 Fatigue.
More items...
•
Aug 14, 2017

Phosphoric Acid
The market for carbonated soft drinks, diet and nondiet, was worth nearly $73
billion in the United States in 2008, according to "Beverage Digest." Many of
these beverages contain phosphoric acid, a substance that has a possible link
to several health problems. Drinking sodas in moderation might be safe, but if
you tend to drink a lot of colas, you might want to rethink your choices the
next time you reach for a soda can.
 General Side Effects
When phosphoric acid powders are inhaled or come in contact with skin and
other body tissues, it can cause dermatitis, pain, tearing, blurred vision,
difficulty swallowing or breathing and gastrointestinal problems. Most of these
side effects occur in industrial manufacturing plants where concentrated levels
of phosphoric acid are used. The amount of phosphoric acid added to sodas
and other foods by comparison is a very small amount.

SCORBIC ACID
 Generic Name: vitamin c
 Brand Name: Ascorbic Acid

Last reviewed on RxList: 2/22/2017

PROFESSIONAL

 Overview
 Professional Information
 Related Resources

home drugs a-z list Ascorbic Acid(Vitamin C) side effects drug center
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Ascorbic Acid Side Effects Center

Find Lowest Prices on

Medical Editor: John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP

Last reviewed on RxList 12/21/2016

Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin recommended for the prevention and
treatment of scurvy. Ascorbic acid is available in generic form. Common side effects of ascorbic
acid include transient mild soreness at the site of intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Too-
rapid intravenous administration of the solution may cause temporary faintness or dizziness.
Other side effects of ascorbic acid include:
  nausea,
 vomiting,
 heartburn,
 stomach cramps, and
 headache.

The average protective dose of Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) for adults is 70 to 150 mg daily. In the
presence of scurvy, doses of 300 mg to 1 g daily are recommended. Ascorbic acid may influence
the intensity and duration of action of bishydroxycoumarin. Tell your doctor about any
prescription or over-the-counter medicines you are taking, including vitamins, minerals, and
herbal products. Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) injection should be given to a pregnant woman only
if prescribed. It is also not known whether Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) injection can cause fetal
harm. Caution should be exercised when Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) Injection is administered to
a nursing woman. Consult your doctor if you are breastfeeding.

Our Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) Side Effects Drug Center provides a comprehensive view of
available drug information on the potential side effects when taking this medication.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical
advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

QUESTION

According to the USDA, there is no difference between a “portion” and a

“serving.”See Answer
Ascorbic Acid Professional Information
SIDE EFFECTS

Transient mild soreness may occur at the site of intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Too-
rapid intravenous administration of the solution may cause temporary faintness or dizziness.

Read the entire FDA prescribing information for Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)

Read More »

Brand Name(s): alcohol (ethyl)

Generic Name: ethanol

Drug Class: Antidotes, Other

WHAT IS ETHANOL AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

Ethanol is used in the management of toxicity due to ingestion of methanol, or ethylene

glycol.

Ethanol is available under the following different brand and other names: alcohol (ethyl).

DOSAGES OF ETHANOL
home ethanol article
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 What Is Ethanol and How Does It Work?

 What Are Side Effects Associated with Using Ethanol?
 What Other Drugs Interact with Ethanol?
 What Are Warnings and Precautions for Ethanol?

Brand Name(s): alcohol (ethyl)

Generic Name: ethanol

Drug Class: Antidotes, Other

WHAT IS ETHANOL AND HOW DOES IT WORK?

Ethanol is used in the management of toxicity due to ingestion of methanol, or ethylene glycol.

Ethanol is available under the following different brand and other names: alcohol (ethyl).
DOSAGES OF ETHANOL

ADULT AND PEDIATRIC DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Injection solution (95%)

 1 mL
 5 mL

DOSAGE CONSIDERATIONS – SHOULD BE GIVEN AS FOLLOWS:

METHANOL TOXICITY, ETHYLENE GLYCOL POISONING (OFF-LABEL)

Adult

Loading dose

 600 mg/kg intravenous (IV) (i.e., 7.6 mL/kg of 10% EtOH solution)
 600-700 mg/kg oral/nasogastric (NG) using a 95% solution diluted to 20% or less with water or
juice

Maintenance dose

 65-155 mg/kg/hour depending on alcohol consumption status (lower for nondrinker)

 Oral maintenance = 0.15 mL/kg/hour (IV = 1.4 mL/kg/hour) 10% ethanol
 Chronic alcoholics and hemodialysis patients need increased dose; increased maintenance by
50%; non-users may need less
 Maintain serum ethanol of 100-150 mg/dL [21.7-32.55 mmol/L]

Pediatric

Reduce ethanol loading dose if methanol or ethylene glycol ingested with alcohol

May need to increase ethanol maintenance dose in patients with chronic alcohol consumption

Loading dose (oral)

 95% EtOH: 0.8-1 mL/kg

 40% EtOH (80 proof undiluted liquor): 2 mL/kg
 43% EtOH (86 proof undiluted liquor): 1.8 mL/kg

Maintenance dose (oral)

 43% EtOH: 0.1 mL/kg/hour

 95% EtOH: 0.1 mL/kg/hour

Intravenous (IV) dose (10% EtOH)

  10% EtOH = 7.9 g/dL
 Loading: 8-10 mL/kg IV; not to exceed 200 mL
 Maintenance: 0.83 mL/kg/hour intravenous (IV)

10% EtOH = 7.9 g/dL

40% EtOH (80 proof undiluted liquor) = 31.6 g/dL

43% EtOH (86% proof undiluted liquor) = 34 g/dL

95% EtOH (absolute alcohol) = 75 g/dL

Continue maintenance dose until methanol or ethylene glycol levels are below 10 mg/dL

QUESTION

About how much does an adult human brain weigh?See Answer

WHAT ARE SIDE EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH USING ETHANOL?

Common side effects of ethanol include:

 Intoxication
 Low blood pressure (hypotension) with flushing
 Agitation
  Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia)
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Excessive urination

This document does not contain all possible side effects and others may occur. Check with
your physician for additional information about side effects.

WHAT OTHER DRUGS INTERACT WITH ETHANOL?

If your doctor has directed you to use this medication for diabetes, your doctor
or pharmacist may already be aware of any possible drug interactions and may be monitoring
you for them. Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your
doctor, health care provider or pharmacist first.

Severe interactions of ethanol include:

 acitretin
 flibanserin
 levomilnacipran
 sodium oxybate

Ethanol has serious interactions with at least 39 different drugs.

Ethanol has moderate interactions with at least 219 different drugs.

Ethanol has mild interactions with at least 93 different drugs.

This document does not contain all possible interactions. Therefore, before using this product,
tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use. Keep a list of all your medications
with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist. Check with your physician if you
have health questions or concerns.

Metafiber (Sucrose) Oral Powder Side Effects by Likelihood and Severity

RARE side effects

If experienced, these tend to have a Severe expression

  Blockage Of The Esophagus
 Bronchospasm
 Hives
 Inflammation Of Skin Caused By An Allergy
 Inflammation Of The Nose
 Itching
 Life Threatening Allergic Reaction
 Pink Eye
 Rash
 Stomach Or Intestine Blockage
 Stool Blockage Of The Intestine

Full Drug Information

Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First
Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a
licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be
authorized by the applicable terms of use.
CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to
supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare
professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses,
directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be
construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or
effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be
consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or
discontinuing any course of treatment.
TODAY ON WEBMD

Reading Medicine Labels

How to make sense of them.

WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF PLASTER

OF PARIS?
All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only
have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects
or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:
 Hard stools (constipation).
 Upset stomach or throwing up.
 Stomach pain.
 Not hungry.

More: https://www.ndrugs.com/?s=plaster%20of%20paris&t=side%20effects

Gypsum use: Why there's danger in your

ceilings

Gypsum mining. The mineral is widely available.

Some of those immaculate wallboards, plasterboards and other gypsum products in living rooms
and offices may not be as innocent as you thought.

In its natural state, gypsum is a rather harmless building material that is even used in baking of
breads.

But due to the ongoing construction boom in Kenya, large amounts of dangerous, artificial gypsum
building materials are now being imported into the country.
Kenya Consumers Organisation executive director Francis Orago says the government should
investigate this because similar concerns about the harmful, man-made gypsum building materials
have been raised in other countries.

Gypsum is a soft white or gray mineral consisting of hydrated calcium sulfate. It occurs chiefly in
sedimentary deposits and is used to make plaster of Paris and fertilisers, and in the building
industry. It is actually the most widely used of

all interior construction materials, mostly as a surface material for walls and ceilings and to fill
cavities.

“We remember how asbestos rose from being a much-loved material in wiring and construction to a
human health hazard,” Orago says.

Asbestos usage began in the 19th century as manufacturers’ and builders’ favourite material because
of its desirable physical properties and was used in electrical insulation for hotplate wiring and in
building insulation. Knowledge of its toxic effects caused its demise as a mainstream construction
and fireproofing material in most countries. Kenya banned the use of asbestos in 2006.

And just like asbestos was popular prior to its banning, many people also use gypsum every day in
construction.

The mineral is also used as an additive in foods such as ice cream, flour and white bread. Kenyans
may also know gypsum as the whitish stuff found in surgical and orthopedic casts,
toothpaste, cosmetics and drugs.

For gardeners, it can be used as a natural additive to soil to enhance its ability to retain moisture or to
reduce the corrosiveness of the soil’s alkalinity.

Building materials manufacturer Erdemann Gypsum, which uses the natural gypsum to make its
products, also confirms that toxic, artificial gypsum-based products are in Kenya.

The company said such building material are contaminated by low levels of the heavy metals present
in coal.

“We should use building materials from natural gypsum, which is safe for our health,"
says Erdemann Gypsum managing director John Yang.

He asks the government to inspect all imported gypsum products to ensure they are natural and are
not contaminated.

Synthetic gypsum is created from a byproduct of flue-gas desulfurisation, a process coal-fired power
plants use to limit emissions. Through the use of these products, mercury and other heavy metals
are now showing up in Kenya's living rooms.
Erdemann mines gypsum - its factory's main raw material - in Kitui. The company, which has

factories in Kitui and Athi River, is among the only three firms approved to manufacture gypsum
building materials in Kenya.

The other companies approved by Kenya Bureau of Standards are Deco Dura Creations and Shazaad
which manufacture boards, plasters, cornices, corners and medallions.

Orago said Kebs and National Environment Management Authority (Nema) should protect the
country from health dangers of the synthetic building products.

“Let the two agencies keenly study the issue and give the country the way forward,” he said. Orago
added that should the government fail to issue direction on use of gypsum locally, his organisation
will have to advise consumers accordingly.

In January 2013, the US passed a new law to prevent future problems with bad drywall (gypsum
board) as a result of using contaminated gypsum.

If handled improperly, gypsum can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and the
upper respiratory system. Symptoms of irritation include nosebleeds, rhinorrhea (discharge of thin
mucous), coughing and sneezing. If ingested, gypsum can clog the gastrointestinal tract.

Kebs uses international standards to monitor quality of gypsum building materials. The bureau says it
uses the American Society for Testing and Materials' Standards and European Standards
Specification for gypsum board, binders and plasters.

Yang says most imported gypsum products are from cheap artificial material and cannot meet these
standards.

“The government should inspect imported gypsum products to ensure they do not have chemical
contaminants," Yang said.

In April 2014, the American Consumer Product Safety Commission sent staff to China to obtain
samples of wallboard manufactured there in 2005, 2006 and 2009. This is after a US government
report indicated that a Chinese-made drywall used in more than 20,000 homes in that country could
have caused nosebleeds, headaches, difficulty breathing and asthma attacks in tens of thousands of
Americans exposed to it.

In 2011, the Unep conducted a study on the potential heavy metal content in synthetic gypsum, but
reached no definitive conclusion.
However, the study said that chemical contaminants may be found in gypsum boards where other
materials are added as fillers or flame retardants. In early 2008, some gypsum boards produced in
China were found to emit sulphide gasses, according to the study.

China is the largest producer of gypsum followed by Iran, Spain, the US, Thailand, Japan, Mexico,
Italy, Canada, Australia, Turkey, Russia, Egypt, India, France, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Germany,
Algeria, United Kingdom, Poland, and Argentina.
 Exposure to sulfuric acid may occur through skin contact, eye contact, ingestion, and breathing
contaminated air. Sulfuric acid can cause severe skin burns, it can burn the eyes, burn holes in
the stomach if swallowed, irritate the nose and throat, and cause difficulties breathing if inhaled

Some additional effects of exposure to hydrogen peroxide include:

 eye irritation.
 vomiting.
 bleaching of the hair or skin.
 burns or blister

Sodium hydroxide is strongly irritating and corrosive. It can cause severe burns and
permanent damage to any tissue that it comes in contact with. Sodium hydroxidecan cause
hydrolysis of proteins, and hence can cause burns in the eyes which may lead to permanent
eye damage

Ester-C Tablet Side Effects by Likelihood and Severity

RARE side effects

If experienced, these tend to have a Less Severe

expression

 Chronic Trouble Sleeping

 Diarrhea
 Drowsiness
 Feel Like Throwing Up
 Frequent Urination
  Head Pain
 Heartburn
 High Amount Of Oxalic Acid In The Urine
 Low Energy
 Stomach Cramps
 Temporary Redness Of Face And Neck
 Throwing Up

Full Drug Information

Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First
Databank, Inc. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed
data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the
applicable terms of use.
CONDITIONS OF USE: The information in this database is intended to
supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare
professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses,
directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be
construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or
effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted
before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any
course of treatment.