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3) Resolver la siguiente ecuación diferencial 𝑥𝑦ˈ − 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 lineal de primer orden.

SOLUCION:

𝑥𝑦ˈ − 𝑦 = 𝑥 3
𝑥𝑦ˈ 𝑦 𝑥3
𝑥
−𝑥 = 𝑥
𝑦
𝑦ˈ − = 𝑥2
𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1
− . 𝑦 = 𝑥2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛
1 −1
𝑒 ∫ −𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|

= 𝑥 −1
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 . 𝑥 −1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 −1 − 𝑥. 𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑑 [𝑥 −1 . 𝑦] = ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥

𝑥2
𝑥 −1 . 𝑦 = +𝐶
2
𝑥2
𝑥. 𝑥 −1 . 𝑦 = .𝑥 + 𝐶
2
𝑥2
𝑦= + 𝐶𝑥
2

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