Friction Stir Welding

By
Ramu Rajendran
Joint Design
Welding Parameters

• Tool Position
• Spindle rpm
• Travel Speed
• Tool angle
Weld Regions
Weldability
• Materials with high hot working temperature are difficult to weld by
FSW.
• Best used for Aluminium alloys.
• Copper alloys are more difficult..
• Titanium, steel, stainless steels and nickel alloys are very difficult.
Need special tools made of Molybdenum, Tungsten-Rhenium, Cubic
Boron Nitride etc., with slow weld speed.
Applications
• Mainly focused on aerospace and marine application.
• Growing importance in automotive, marine and rail transportation
industries.
PLASMA ARC WELDING (PAW)
UNDERWATER WELDING
WET Underwater Welding
• GMAW
• Shrouded metal arc welding
• Plasma arc welding
• Shielded metal arc welding
GMAW- Underwater
Prevent water from entering region of arc by
• Rotating or stationary brushes
• Flexible protective rubber nozzle
• Water curtain nozzle.
SMAW
Dry Underwater Welding
Two main variants
• At one atmosphere
• At hyperbaric pressure
Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt Welding